AUSTRALIAAUSTRALIA

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General InformationGeneral Information 2-3 million sq. miles Estimated pop. = 20,

925, 000 million people- [Sydney has 4 million pp.

NY has 8 mill.] Began as the world’s

biggest jail. English first settled on the island and shipped 160,000 men and women criminals between 1788-1868

Lowest point – Lake Eyre –Southern Aust.

Highest point –Mt. Kosciusko – 7,330 ft in Victoria

Visit Australia….FOR LIFE!!!

BordersBordersSouthern Southern

Pacific OceanPacific OceanIndian OceanIndian Ocean

It’s A Fact!It’s A Fact!

Smallest continent Only 1 country It’s nickname is

“Southern Place” Sydney to LA =14

hrs. The Wiggles=

largest export

Outback – plains, plateaus

Largest city – Sydney-hosted the 2000 summer Olympics

Capital – Canberra because Sydney was too close to the water and easy to conquer

It’s a Fact continuesIt’s a Fact continues

75% live in urban places75% live in urban places Australians are made up of: Indigent Australians are made up of: Indigent

Australian, immigrants, and home-Australian, immigrants, and home-growngrown

Foods eatenFoods eaten: Asian influence, and : Asian influence, and food similar to USAfood similar to USA

Money: paper = 5, 10, 20, 50, 100Money: paper = 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 Coins =5, 10, 20, 50, $1, $2Coins =5, 10, 20, 50, $1, $2

The OutbackThe Outback                                                                                                                    

Geography and NatureGeography and Nature

LandformsLandforms – –

1/2 deserts, 1/2 1/2 deserts, 1/2 grassland, grassland,

High and low High and low landslands

Major DesertsMajor Deserts – – Great Victoria, Great Victoria, Great Sandy [2Great Sandy [2ndnd largest next to largest next to the Sahara]the Sahara]

Natural Natural ResourcesResources – iron, – iron, copper, coal, gas, copper, coal, gas, gold, silver, gold, silver, DIAMONDSDIAMONDS

Animal LifeAnimal Life – – kangaroos, camels, kangaroos, camels, wallabies, koala, wallabies, koala, dingo, Tans. devilsdingo, Tans. devils

Use the land?Use the land? Wheat, dairy, Wheat, dairy,

sugarcane, fruitsugarcane, fruit

OTHEROTHER Outback – sparsely settledOutback – sparsely settled 10x10x more more sheepsheep than people than people 100 million kangaroos= 100 million kangaroos= 5 kang/1 5 kang/1

personperson ONLY 10% of the land is farmableONLY 10% of the land is farmable

Human CharacteristicsHuman Characteristics Climate Climate

– – June-winter, June-winter, December – summerDecember – summer Major citiesMajor cities = Sydney, Melbourne, = Sydney, Melbourne,

BrisbaneBrisbane Major LanguageMajor Language = English, Arabic, = English, Arabic,

Chinese, Greek, VietnameseChinese, Greek, Vietnamese

Major ReligionMajor Religion = Christianity = ChristianityEconomyEconomy is based on: is based on:

agriculture, mining, agriculture, mining, manufacturingmanufacturing

OtherOther: You must vote!!!! or get : You must vote!!!! or get finedfined

What are these???

North North AmericaAmerica

  

GGeneral Informationeneral Information Land sizeLand size = 9 million sq miles = 9 million sq miles Estimated populationEstimated population = =

– 529, 000, 000 people529, 000, 000 people Highest pointHighest point = Mt. McKinley in Alaska- = Mt. McKinley in Alaska-

20, 320 feet20, 320 feet Lowest pointLowest point = Death Valley-280 ft = Death Valley-280 ft

below sea level –California/Nevada-below sea level –California/Nevada-hottest and driesthottest and driest

It’s A Fact!It’s A Fact! 33rdrd largest continent largest continent 44thth largest in population largest in population RedwoodsRedwoods – 300 ft tall – 3, 000 yrs old – 300 ft tall – 3, 000 yrs old Longest coastline of any continentLongest coastline of any continent Grand CanyonGrand Canyon – biggest gorge – biggest gorge In In 18981898, the , the American flagAmerican flag was raised in was raised in

Puerto RicoPuerto Rico shortly before shortly before SpainSpain formally formally relinquished control over the island.relinquished control over the island.

Geography and NatureGeography and Nature Major landformsMajor landforms = Rocky Mts., = Rocky Mts.,

Appalachian , Sierra Madres [in Appalachian , Sierra Madres [in Mexico]Mexico]

Major RiversMajor Rivers = Rio Grande, = Rio Grande, Miss., Missouri, Colorado, Miss., Missouri, Colorado, ArkansasArkansas

Natural ResourcesNatural Resources = soil, = soil, fertile prairies, cactus, coal , fertile prairies, cactus, coal , petroleumpetroleum

Animal lifeAnimal life = bears, buffalo = bears, buffalo Use the landUse the land? = crops? = crops

Hickory Horned Devil Caterpillar

Great LakesGreat LakesHHuronuronOOntariontarioMMichiganichiganEErierieSSuperioruperior

Human CharacteristicsHuman Characteristics

ClimateClimate:: polar [North] to tropic [South]polar [North] to tropic [South] Major CitiesMajor Cities = NY, LA, Mexico City, = NY, LA, Mexico City,

Chicago, Dallas, Montreal, QuebecChicago, Dallas, Montreal, Quebec Major LanguagesMajor Languages = English and others = English and others Major ReligionsMajor Religions = Christianity = Christianity Economy Economy = industries, manufacturing= industries, manufacturing

We each keep our cultural

differences.

Racial / ethnicRacial / ethnic = “Mixed Salad” = “Mixed Salad”

South AmericaSouth America

General InformationGeneral InformationLand sizeLand size – –

6 million sq. 6 million sq. milesmiles

Estimated Estimated populationpopulation 276 million 276 million peoplepeople

Highest pointHighest point – – Mt. Aconacqua-Mt. Aconacqua-ArgentinaArgentina- 22, 834 ft- 22, 834 ft

Lowest pointLowest point – – Valdes Valdes peninsula-peninsula-ArgentinaArgentina

BordersBordersAtlantic OceanAtlantic OceanPacific OceanPacific OceanAntarcticaAntarcticaCaribbean seaCaribbean sea

It’s A FactIt’s A Fact!! Bolivia has two capital cities -- Sucre is Bolivia has two capital cities -- Sucre is

home to the judicial branch of the home to the judicial branch of the government (making it the constitutional government (making it the constitutional capital), while the president and capital), while the president and congress are stationed in La Paz (the congress are stationed in La Paz (the Admin.)Admin.)

22ndnd longest river is the Amazon longest river is the Amazon – 150 miles – 150 miles wide and 4000 miles longwide and 4000 miles long

Sao` PauloSao` Paulo – 10th largest city = 60 million – 10th largest city = 60 million people [compared to people [compared to NYC-1NYC-1stst, 2, 2ndnd Mexico City, Mexico City, 33rdrd=LA]=LA]

Amazon Rain ForestAmazon Rain Forest – takes up ½ the – takes up ½ the continentcontinent

Panama CanalPanama Canal – separates N. America from – separates N. America from S. AmericaS. America

Geography and NatureGeography and Nature

Major landformsMajor landforms – Pampas – – Pampas –grasslands and the Andes Mts.grasslands and the Andes Mts.

Major desertsMajor deserts – Atacama-Chile` – Atacama-Chile` Major riversMajor rivers – Amazon, Rio de – Amazon, Rio de

Plata [money] Plata [money] Why call a river Why call a river the Money River?the Money River?

Natural ResourcesNatural Resources – cocoa – cocoa bean, vanilla bean, corn- bean, vanilla bean, corn- how is how is it used?,it used?, coffee, sugar, wheat, coffee, sugar, wheat, diamonds, emeralds, golddiamonds, emeralds, gold

Geography Geography and Nature and Nature

cont’dcont’d Animal LifeAnimal Life – fish, guinea pigs, – fish, guinea pigs,

monkeys, hummingbirds-{facts??}monkeys, hummingbirds-{facts??} Use the landUse the land? – tomatoes, ? – tomatoes,

potatoes, peanutspotatoes, peanutsOTHER:OTHER: Lake Titicaca is the largest lake in Lake Titicaca is the largest lake in

South America [near Bolivia and South America [near Bolivia and Peru]Peru]

Human CharacteristicsHuman Characteristics ClimateClimate – tropical to cold-[ – tropical to cold-[tropical tropical

where?]where?] Major citiesMajor cities – Buenos Aires-[where?], – Buenos Aires-[where?],

Sao` Paolo-[where?]Sao` Paolo-[where?] Major languagesMajor languages – –

Spanish/PortugueseSpanish/Portuguese Major religionsMajor religions – Catholic/Protestant – Catholic/Protestant Racial Ethnic groupsRacial Ethnic groups – Spanish – Spanish Economy –Economy – fishing, cattle, crops fishing, cattle, crops

The First The First AmericansAmericans

The MayasThe Mayas

The Maya civilization encompassed all of the Yucatán Peninsula in present-day Mexico and parts of present-day Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador. Ruins of Maya cities, which serve as an indication of the skill and artistry of their architects, have been discovered throughout this region. For reasons still unknown, the Maya civilization collapsed in about AD 900.

The First AmericansThe First Americans Mayan = first great civilizationMayan = first great civilization The Mayas were the most successful early The Mayas were the most successful early

farmers in the Western Hemispherefarmers in the Western Hemisphere Developed an advance calendar and Developed an advance calendar and

sophisticated system of mathematics sophisticated system of mathematics – IMIX= good calendar days= good calendar days– CIMI – bad calendar days – bad calendar days

Priest needed to count days, months, and Priest needed to count days, months, and years in order to calculate the right time to years in order to calculate the right time to hold ceremonies for different gods.hold ceremonies for different gods.

Mayan CivilizationMayan Civilization – – cont’dcont’d

Sports plaza, massive stone pyramids, temples, palaces

They had a system of government and religion

The scribes developed a writing system using pictures

The AztecsThe Aztecs – 900 AD– 900 AD

The AztecsThe Aztecs – 900 AD– 900 AD

After the decline of the Mayan After the decline of the Mayan civilization another great civilization civilization another great civilization emerged- emerged- AztecsAztecs

Warriors {Warriors {leader =Montezumaleader =Montezuma}– who }– who was feared by many had a powerful was feared by many had a powerful army-army-

Migrating to land now called MexicoMigrating to land now called Mexico

Aztecs – 900 ADAztecs – 900 AD –cont’d –cont’d

A godA god told them where to build their told them where to build their city.city.

1325 1325 – they settled on an island – – they settled on an island – TenochitlanTenochitlan

What wiped out this civilizations? Was What wiped out this civilizations? Was it the it the smallpoxsmallpox disease brought by the disease brought by the Spanish or something else?Spanish or something else?

INCASINCAS

The IncasThe Incas A civilization which grew

to the south of the Aztecs [today Mexico ]-

Incas stretched along the western part of the Andes in South America {Today Columbia to Chile`}

Human sacrifices were made- [see Inca mummy picture]

EuropeEuropeWhat countries do What countries do

these pictures these pictures represent?represent?

General InformationGeneral Information Land sizeLand size – 4 million sq. miles – 4 million sq. miles Estimated populationEstimated population

– 750, 000, 000 people750, 000, 000 people Highest pointHighest point – Mt. Elbrus- – Mt. Elbrus- 18, 481 18, 481

ft in Russiaft in Russia

BORDERS:BORDERS: Med. Sea, Arctic Med. Sea, Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Ural MtsOcean, Atlantic Ocean, Ural Mts..

It’s A Fact!It’s A Fact! ½ of Russia is in Europe½ of Russia is in Europe Made up of many peninsulasMade up of many peninsulas zigzag coastlinezigzag coastline

URAL MTS

Geography and NatureGeography and Nature

Major landformsMajor landforms – islands, peninsulas, mts. – islands, peninsulas, mts. ––ALPSALPS – between Italy and Switzerland – between Italy and Switzerland

Major riversMajor rivers – Volga (Russia), Danube – Volga (Russia), Danube (Germany), Rhine (Switz.)(Germany), Rhine (Switz.)

Natural ResourcesNatural Resources – wheat, oats, dairy,– wheat, oats, dairy, potatoespotatoes

Use of landUse of land? – crops: olives, grape? – crops: olives, grape- fishing…why????- fishing…why????

Human CharacteristicsHuman Characteristics ClimateClimate – ranges from cool to hot – ranges from cool to hot

Major citiesMajor cities – Moscow, London, Paris, – Moscow, London, Paris, Rome, Madrid, Amsterdam Rome, Madrid, Amsterdam [Netherlands], Brussels [N. Belgium], [Netherlands], Brussels [N. Belgium], Copenhagen [Denmark]Copenhagen [Denmark]

Major languagesMajor languages – Latin, – Latin, Slavic –Slavic –[Croatian, Czech., Polish, Bulgaria],[Croatian, Czech., Polish, Bulgaria], and the and the Romance LanguagesRomance Languages [see [see picture]picture]

Romance Languages

F.I.R.P.S

French

Italian

Romanian

Portuguese

Spanish

Human CharacteristicsHuman Characteristicscont’dcont’d

Major religionMajor religion – many – – many – ChristianityChristianity

Racial Ethnic groupsRacial Ethnic groups: : ManyMany

EconomyEconomy ? ? – fishing, – fishing, industry, trade and tourismindustry, trade and tourism

Locate these places on your test’s Locate these places on your test’s maps- use your textbook to studymaps- use your textbook to study

BrazilBrazil Atlantic OceanAtlantic Ocean Pacific OceanPacific Ocean Chile`Chile` ArgentinaArgentina ColombiaColombia PeruPeru EcuadorEcuador Panama CanalPanama Canal FinlandFinland RussiaRussia United KingdomUnited Kingdom GreeceGreece

Gulf of MexicoGulf of Mexico Arctic OceanArctic Ocean AlaskaAlaska CanadaCanada MexicoMexico GreenlandGreenland USAUSA NorwayNorway SwedenSweden ItalyItaly SpainSpain FranceFrance Mediterranean SeaMediterranean Sea