august 21, 2008 bell ringer: “the most beautiful word in the english language is cellar door.”...

August 21, 2008• Bell Ringer: “The most beautiful word in the

English language is cellar door.”Joseph Conrad, author

What do YOU think is/are the most beautiful word(s) in the English language? Why is it/ are they beautiful? How do these words affect you or others?

By the end of the class you will be able to:• Identify the root origin of a word in the dictionary.• Explain the difference between a root word, a

prefix, and a suffix.

Where did they come from?

• Directions:• Using the list of English words

provided, identify what language they originated from. Write the correct words in each column of the table.

Routes of English• www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/routesofenglish

http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/routesofenglish

The Formation of English

• Latin was spoken by Romans• Romans conquered most of

Europe• Latin spoken in different

areas of Europe developed into Iltalian, French, Spanish, Portuguese.

• These languages are called “Sister Languages” because they all developed from the same language, Latin.

Word Invasion• In 1066, William the Conqueror invaded

England, and he spoke French, a language derived from Latin.

• Now approximately 60% of English words are borrowed from French

• Monks from Rome also brought Latin terms.

• During the 17th & 18th centuries, English was seen as imperfect and Latin was seen as perfect so to use Latin words in place of English was seen as a good practice

Professional Vocabulary

• Latin is used by doctors, attorneys, religious leaders, and other professions.

• The Catholic church conducted all masses entirely in latin until 1969.

• Many latin drama/comedy authors adopted plots, characters, and other ideas from the greeks.

• The roman empire was one of the largest empires the world has ever known.

• University classes are often taught entirely in latin at many european universities.

• Latin was used frequently to write scientific and philosophical texts until the late 1800's because of its grammatical flexability.

Examples• “scapul stat” “immediately”• “Et cetera” “and otherwise”• “&” “and”• “pr bono” “for the good”• “Canus” (Canine) “dog”

Parts of a Word• Root- contains the core meaning of the

word.• Prefix- placed at the beginning of a

word to change its meaning. • Suffix- placed at the end of a word to

change its meaning.

Diagram Practice• Biology• Preview• Archetype

Dictionary Practice!

Greek and Latin Roots

Segment #1

Root Meaning

Example

1.arch

1.ancient

1.archetype

Segment #1

Root Meaning

Example

2.aster/ astra

2.star 2.astronomy

Segment #1

Root Meaning

Example

3.audi

3.hear 3.audible

Segment #1

Root Meaning

Example

4.bio 4.life 4.biology

Segment #1Root Meanin

gExample

5.chloro

5.green 5.chlorophyll


gExample

6.chrono

6.time 6.chronology

Segment #1

Root Meaning

Example

7.geo

7.earth

7.geography

Segment #1

Root Meaning

Example

8.hydro

8.water

8.hydrate


gExample

9.jur/ just

9.law 9.jury/ justice


gExample

10.olig

10.few

10.oligarchy


gExample

11.osteo

11.bone 11.osteoporosis


gExample

12.ped 12.child

12.pediatrics

Segment #1

Root Meaning

Example

13.pod

13.foot 13.podiatrist

Segment #1

Root Meaning

Example

14.tele

14.far off

14.telephone

Segment #1

Root Meaning Example

15.vac

15.empty

15.vacant

Segment #2


1.anti

1.against

1.antiwar

Segment #2

Root Meaning

Example

2.auto

2.self 2.autobiography

Segment #2

Root Meaning

Example

3.carn

3.meat

3.carnivore

Segment #2

Root Meaning

Example

4.dent/ dont

4.teeth

4.dentist / orthodontist


gExample

5.dyn

5.power

5.dynamite


gExample

6.gig

6.giant

6.gigabyte

Segment #2

Root Meaning

Example

7.hex

7.six 7.hexagon

Segment #2


8.inter

8.between

8.inter-national

Segment #2Roo

tMeaning Example

9.kil

9.thousand

9.kilowatt


gExample

10.mal

10.bad 10.malpractice

Segment #2Root Meaning Example

11.mega

11.great, large

11.megabyte


gExample

12.micro

12.very small

12.micro-scopic

Segment #2

Root Meaning

Example

13.mort

13.death

13.immortal

Segment #2

Root Meaning

Example

14.multi

14.many

14.multitude

Segment #2

Root Meaning

Example

15.oct

15.eight

15.octopus

Segment #3

Root Meaning

Example

1.brev

1.short 1.abbreviation

Segment #3

Root Meaning

Example

2.derm

2.skin 2.dermatologist

Segment #3

Root Meaning

Example

3.manu

3.hand 3.manual

Segment #3

Root Meaning

Example

4.proto

4.first 4.prototype


gExample

5.struct

5.build 5.construct


gExample

6.ter / terr

6.earth

6.territory

Segment #3

Root Meaning

Example

7.luc / lum

7.light 7.illuminate /

Segment #3

Root Meaning

Example

8.path

8.feeling

8.sympathy


gExample

9.uni

9.one 9.unicycle


gExample

10.quad

10.four 10.quadruple


gExample

11.clud / clos

11.closed

11.exclude / closed


gExample

12.pent / penta

12.five 12.pentagon

Segment #3

Root Meaning

Example

13.sub

13.under

13.submarine

Segment #3

Root Meaning

Example

14.theo

14.god 14.theology

Segment #3


15.tox

15.poison

15.toxic

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

1.graph

1.write 1.graphic

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

2.hemo

2.blood 2.hemoglobin

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

3.log / logue

3.word / thought

3.dialogue

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

4. meter / metr

4. measure

4. thermometer


gExample

5.op / oper

5.work 5.operation


gExample

6.vid / vis

6.see 6.video / vision

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

7.flect / flex

7.bend

7.reflect / flexible

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

8.frag / fract

8.break

8.fragment / fracture


gExample

9.mis / mit

9.send 9.transmission / transmit


gExample

10.pul / pel

10.force

10.compel

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

11.tri 11.three

11.triangle

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

12.soph

12.wisdom

12.philosophy

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

13.metro

13.city 13.metropolis

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

14.cap

14.head 14.decapitate

Segment #4

Root Meaning

Example

15.crat

15.rule

15.democrat

Segment #5

Root

Meaning Example

1.-al

1.relating to

1.maternal

Segment #5

Root Meaning

Example

2.ambi -

2.both 2.ambiguous

Segment #5

Root Meaning

Example

3.ante-

3.before

3.antebellum

Segment #5

Root Meaning

Example

4.-arium

4.place of

4.aquarium


5.centi-

5.hundred

5.centimeter


gExample

6.de- 6.from / down

6.depart

Segment #5

Root Meaning

Example

7.di- 7.two 7.dissect

Segment #5


8.dis-

8.opposite

8.disable

Segment #5


9.ex-

9.out 9.exit


gExample

10.hypo-

10.too little

10.hypo-thermia


gExample

11.in-

11.not 11.invalid


12.inter-

12.between

12.interstate

Segment #5

Root Meaning

Example

13.intra-

13.within

13.intra-murals

Segment #5

Root Meaning

Example

14.-ist 14.one who practices

14.biologist

Segment #5

Root Meaning

Example

15.nano-

15.billion

15.nanosecond

Segment #6

Root Meaning

Example

1.macro-

1.large 1.macrocosm

Segment #6

Root Meaning

Example

2.micro-

2.small 2.microscope

Segment #6

Root Meaning

Example

3.mis-

3.bad 3.mistake

Segment #6

Root Meaning

Example

4.neo-

4.new 4.neonatal


gExample

5.omni-

5.all 5.omniscient

Segment #6Root Meaning Example6.per

-6.througho

ut6.pervad

e

Segment #6

Root Meaning

Example

7.peri-

7.all around

7.periscope

Segment #6

Root Meaning

Example

8.poly-

8.many

8.polygon


gExample

9.post-

9.after 9.postpone


gExample

10.pre-

10.before

10.prepare


11.pro-

11.forward

11.progress

Segment #6


12.re-

12.again

12.reappear

Segment #6

Root Meaning

Example

13.retro-

13.back

13.retrospect

Segment #6

Root Meaning

Example

14.super-

14.more than

14.super-power

Segment #6


15.sym-

15.together

15.sym-metry

august 21, 2008 bell ringer: “the most beautiful word in the english language is cellar door.”...

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