audiovisual translation scenariostranslationconcepts.org/pdf/avt_presentation.pdfaudiovisual...
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Audiovisual TranslationAudiovisual TranslationScenariosScenarios
Dr Jorge Díaz CintasRoehampton University, London
[email protected]ät des SaarlandesUniversität des Saarlandes2 November 20072 November 2007
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SubtitlingSurtitling
Interpretation
Dubbing
Voice-over
NarrationSign Language Interpreting
New practicesSubtitling for the deaf and the hard-of-hearingAudio description for the blind and the partially sightedAudio subtitling
AVT ModesAVT Modes
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ReceptionReceptionOrigins
IlliteracyPolitical repressionEconomic factorsCustom and habitArtistic and aesthetic value
ChangesDubbing vs subtitling countries
Spain, France, GermanyGreece, DenmarkBaltic States
cinema, television (public/commercial), DVD, Internet, mobile...
Subtitling
FastCheapFlexible
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Number of channelsAnalogue / digitalDVDMultimedia products
Videogames (interactive software)Internet (streaming)
Online teachingPersonal use
blogs, YouTubeCommercial use
Newspapers, TV channels, advertising, films to download, etc.Fansubs, fandubs, webtoons, scanlations...L33t
Mobile technologyPodcasts
AVT importanceEasy receptionVast array of genres
DistributionDistribution
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Quantity8 dubbed / 32 subtitledRegionsMore translation
VAM, music, corporate videos, videogames...Extras and collector’s editionsRe-launch of classical films, TV series, documentaries…Internet streaming
Quality
Privileged viewerConventions
New practices
DVD > HDDVD > HD--DVD / DVD / BluBlu--rayray
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Subtitling equipment
FreewaredotSub, Subtitle Workshop…
Sound detection
Voice recognition
Machine translation
Translate TV
Musa
E-title
Demos
Templates
TechnologyTechnology
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Subtitling may be defined as a translation practice that consists of presenting a written text, generally on the lower part of the screen, that endeavours to recount the original dialogue of the speakers, as well as the discursive elements that appear in the image (letters, inserts, graffiti, inscriptions, placards, and the like), and the information that is contained on the soundtrack (songs, voices off).
DefinitionDefinition
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Translation
or
Adaptation?
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Constraint translation, transadaptation…
Film translation, cinema translation…
Screen translation, audiovisual translation
Multimedia translation
It has to be understood that the subtitled text is not a proper translation, but rather a simple adaptation that preserves the general meaning of the original.
Pommier (1988:22)
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According to parameters
LinguisticPreparation timeTechnicalProjectionDistribution
ClassificationClassification
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Intralingual SDHDidacticKaraokeDialects & accentsCommercials
InterlingualHearersDeaf and Hard-of-Hearing
Bilingual
Linguistic parameters
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Preparation time
Pre-prepared = off-lineComplete sentencesReduced
Live = realtime = on-lineHuman
StenographyVoice recognition
Machine translation
Technical parametersOpenClosed
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Projection methodsMechanical and thermal PhotochemicalOpticalLaserElectronic
Distribution formatCinemaTelevisionVideo, VHSDVDInternet (= streaming)Mobile technology
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Semiotic dimensionVerbal signs transmitted acoustically
dialogue, monologue
Non-verbal signs transmitted acousticallybackground noise, music…
Verbal signs transmitted visuallycredits, letters, documents, banners…
Non-verbal signs transmitted visuallygestures, kinesics…
General characteristicsGeneral characteristics
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Reduction
Delivery of originalReading speed
Total or partial
Change of medium
Oral to written
General characteristicsGeneral characteristics
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Maximum of 2 linesSafe area
Position on screenBackground
28 to 40 spaces per lineType of fontFont size
Characters / pixelsProportional lettering
Spatial considerations
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Spotting, cueing, timing, originating
SynchronisationFrames per secondTimecodes (TCR)6-second ruleWords per minuteCharacters per second
Shot changes
Gap between subtitles
Temporal considerations
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Seconds : frames
Spaces Seconds : frames
Spaces
01:0001:0401:0801:1201:1601:20
172023262830
02:0002:0402:0802:1202:1602:20
353739434549
Seconds : frames
Spaces Seconds : frames
Spaces Seconds : frames
Spaces
03:0003:0403:0803:1203:1603:20
535557626568
04:0004:0404:0804:1204:1604:20
707376767777
05:0005:0405:0805:1205:1605:2006:00
78787878787878
180 wordsper minute
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*Structured titles
0001 : 10:00:00:04 10:00:01:22C1Y00 C1Y00 One, two, three, four...
0002 : 10:01:21:08 10:01:25:04C1Y00 Steady now...C1Y00 You can't see the cities anymore.
0003 : 10:01:25:06 10:01:27:18C1Y00 C1Y00 What cities?
0004 : 10:01:27:20 10:01:31:05C1Y00 C1Y00 Beautiful. You're on Texas now.
0005 : 10:01:31:07 10:01:34:12C1Y00 C1Y00 <ABBA - Sweden's greatest export.
0006 : 10:01:34:14 10:01:37:04C1Y00 C1Y00 <On their very first American tour.
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Image
+
Text
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Mugsy, take this rabbitinto the other room and let him have it.
Okay, boss.
All right, Mugsy, let me have it.
Come, come. You heard what the boss said. Let me have it.
Okay, but…
That’s better.
Bugs Bunny
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Bugs Bunny
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Our story today begins with Tigger,
who was, on this beautiful spring day,
helping Rabbit with his spring-cleaning.
That's right. See, I spring
and all clean.
Winnie the Pooh
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Winnie the Pooh
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We never had children, but it’s easy to empathize.
- What college does your son attend?- Brown.
Nice color.
Manhattan Murder Mystery
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Manhattan Murder Mystery
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German
Sub
Eine nette Farbe.
Dub
Eine schöne Farbe.
Manhattan Murder Mystery
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Spanish French
Sub
Bonito color. Jolie couleur.[Nice color.] [Nice color.]
Dub
Secadores de primera. Excellent chanteur.[First class hair dryers.] [Excellent singer.]
Manhattan Murder Mystery
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Italian
Sub- Che studi compie vostro figlio?- Economia alla Brown.[- Which studies is your son completing?- Economics in Brown.]
Un risparmiatore.[A thrifty one.]
Dub
Alla Brown, cosa fa il vostro figlio?Economia.Risparmiatore.
Manhattan Murder Mystery
