atoll 3.1.0 wimax v2

ATOLL WiMAX FEATURESATOLL WiMAX FEATURES

Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts

2. WiMAX Planning Overview

3. Modelling a WiMAX Network

4. WiMAX Predictions

5. Neighbour Allocation

6. Diversity Modelling

7 Segmentation Modelling7. Segmentation Modelling

8. Resources Automatic Planning

9. Frequency and Preamble Index Plan Analysis

10 Monte Carlo Based Simulations10. Monte-Carlo Based Simulations

© Forsk 2011 Slide 2 of 156Confidential – Do not share without prior permission

1. WiMAX Concepts

OFDM/OFDMA Basics

WiMAX Overview


OFDM/OFDMA Basics

OFDM Definition

Benefits of OFDM

OFDM Channel Structure

OFDMA definition


OFDM Definition (1/2)

OFDM = Orthogonal Frequency Division MultiplexingAlso known as Discrete MultiTone (DMT) or Multi-Carrier Modulation (MCM)

Advanced form of Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)• FDM : single modulated radio signal per user

• OFDM : hundreds to thousands of separated radio signals (subcarriers) using carriers spread across a• OFDM : hundreds to thousands of separated radio signals (subcarriers) using carriers spread across a wideband channel. In OFDM, the sub-carrier frequencies are chosen so that the sub-carriers are orthogonal to each other

Time period for modulation: OFDM symbol• Adjustable guard periods : cyclic prefix (1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 of the symbol length) used to dissipate

multipath effect

• Symbol rate = f(channel bandwidth carrier spacing*)• Symbol rate = f(channel bandwidth, carrier spacing*)


OFDM Definition (2/2)

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)

Narrowband orthogonal carriers negligible inter-carrier-interference (ICI)

Centre point of subcarrier c intersects with subcarriers c-1 and c+1 at their 0 values

Long symbol durations + cyclic prefix negligible inter-symbol-interference (ISI)

No ICI and ISI no intra-cell interference

Possibility to support less robust modulations like 64QAM, 16QAM, … for higher throughput


Benefits of OFDM

Negligible Inter-carrier-interference (ICI)Thanks to orthogonal subcarriers which can be transmitted by the use of Fast Fourier Transform (equipment evolution)(equipment evolution)Use of less robust modulation

• Increased data rate

I d R ili (ISI)Improved Resilience (ISI)Sending data across parallel carriers lower rate/carrierFewer modulation symbols longer symbol duration

• Better chance to correctly sample signal

Efficient Usage of the Spectrum

Better Resistance to Frequency Selective Fading ChannelBetter Resistance to Frequency Selective Fading Channel

Multiple Access (Time and Frequency Multiplexing Techniques)

Choice of CarriersSome OFDM systems can train themselves to use the more suitable subchannels in order to limitinterferences (e.g. AMC)


OFDM Channel Structure (1/2)

Symbols

Time

s

Freq

uenc

y

Sub

carri

ers

1 OFDM symbol


OFDM Channel Structure (2/2)

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)

Uses Fast Fourier Transform and digital filters in order to handle all the carrier information at the same time

OFDM Channel Structure• One channel can be divided into more than one subchannel (Subchannelisation)• The smallest frequency unit that can be allocated to a user is a subchannel• One subchannel contains a number of subcarriers (or tones)• Different subcarriers: Pilot, Guard, Data, DC.


OFDMA Definition (1/2)

OFDMA : Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access

OFDM-TDMAEach user is allocated the full channel for a certain period: capacity wastingUsers are multiplexed in time

Subc

hann

els

Subc

hann

els

OFDMAEach user can be assigned only a part of the entire channel for a certain periodAbility to subdivide the subcarrier population : more than one user served at a timeU lti l d i ti d i fUsers are multiplexed in time and in frequency

hann

els

hann

els

Subc

hSu

bch


OFDMA Definition (1/2)

IEEE 802.16d uses OFDM-TDMA

IEEE 802.16e uses OFDMA


WiMAX Overview

Duplexing Methods

Subcarrier to Subchannel Allocation

Permutation Zones

Frequency Planning


Duplexing Methods

Time Division Duplexing (TDD)Users multiplexed in timeS b d idth f DL d UL bfSame bandwidth for DL and UL subframes

Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)Users multiplexed in frequencyp q yOne frequency band for DL subframe and one frequency band for UL subframe

Half Duplex FDD (H-FDD)Users multiplexed in frequency and in timeUsers multiplexed in frequency and in timeOne frequency band for DL subframe and one frequency band for UL subframeDL traffic is first served, then UL traffic.

C fi tiConfiguration currently deployed


OFDM/OFDMA in WiMAX (1/2)

IEEE 802.16d uses OFDM-TDMA in the downlink but can use OFDMA in the uplink

Enables mobiles located far from the transmitter to concentrate their transmission power on a smaller part of the total channel bandwidth for extended connectivity

Examples of frames with OFDM-TDMA only or OFDM-TDMA+OFDMA

DL subframe UL subframe


OFDM/OFDMA in WiMAX (2/2)

IEEE 802.16e uses OFDMA in the Downlink and in the Uplink



Definition: a subchannel is the elementary unit assigned to one userit is constituted of several subcarriers distributed along the channel

Example in IEEE 802.16d1 channel = 256 subcarriers

256 subcarriers spread across the channel width grouped into:• 16 subchannels (of 12 subcarriers)• 8 pilot subcarriers• 56 null subcarriers (55 guard + 1 centre subcarriers)( g )



Subchannelisation in IEEE 802.16eUL and DL subchannelisation is mandatory in 802.16e. This helps to support mobility (speed + handovers)+ handovers)

Two basic subchannelisation strategies (modes):

• PUSC, FUSC, TUSC, OPUSC, OFUSC, etc. : Distributed subcarriers allocation• Over the channel total width for FUSC

• AMC: Adjacent subcarriers allocationj• Possibility to select the more suitable subchannels in order to limit interferences

UL and DL Zone PermBase: seed number that defines, for every subchannel, the list of , y ,Subcarriers to be used

• DL Zone permbase values: from 0 to 31• UL Zone permbase values: from 0 to 69


Permutation Zones (1/2)

The IEEE 802.16e frame can have

Up to 8 permutation zones in the DL subframe

Up to 3 permutation zones in the UL subframe

The first permutation zones in DL and in UL are mandatory and always use the PUSC subchannel allocation modes

Zone switch defined in the DL map


Permutation Zones (2/2)

Each mode is suited for a specific use

AMC (adaptive modulation coding)AMC (adaptive modulation coding)• Adjacent subcarriers• Low frequency diversity• Fixed or pedestrian users

PUSC (partial usage of subchannels)• Division of channel bandwidth in 6 subchannel groups• Each subchannel is obtained from subcarriers distributed over the same 6th of the channel• Protected against frequency-selective fading• More pilots for more secure information• Mobile users

FUSC (full usage of subchannels)• Each subchannels is obtained from subcarrier distributed over the channel width• Each subchannels is obtained from subcarrier distributed over the channel width• Protected against frequency-selective fading (more than in PUSC)• High frequency diversity• Fixed or pedestrian users


Frequency Planning

Usual 1x3x1 and 1x3x3 Allocations

Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 3

Frequency

Ch 1

Ch 1 Ch 1 Ch 2Ch 3

Ch 1

Segmentation (like Fractional Frequency Reuse in LTE)Possibility to allocate 3 segments of a channel to 3 sectors of a site (in 1st DL PUSC only)Provides better spectrum usage and interference reduction

F1F1

F2 F3F1F1

F3 F2F3 F2

Ch 1

Ch 1 Ch 1 Ch 1


Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts












WiMAX Features Supported in Atoll

WiMAX Workflow in Atoll

© Forsk 2011 Confidential – Do not share without prior permission Slide 22 of 156

WiMAX Features Supported in Atoll (1/2)

Supports WiMAX NetworksVarious Frequency Bands

Support of TDD and FDD Frame Structures

Possibility of Fixed Subscriber Database for FWA Applications

Support of Directional CPE Antennas

Support of Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) using Forsk’s Smart Antenna Model

Signal Level Based Coverage Planning

CINR Based Coverage Planningg g


WiMAX Features Supported in Atoll (2/2)

Supports WiMAX Networks

Supports Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systemsSupports Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems• Modelling of Space-Time Transmit Diversity (STTD/MRC, Matrix A)• Modelling of Single-User MIMO or Spatial Multiplexing (Matrix B)• Modelling of Multi-User MIMO (collaborative MIMO – UL only)

Network Capacity Analysis using Monte Carlo Simulations

Scheduling and Resource Allocation in Two-dimensional Frames

Tools for Resource Allocation (OPTIONAL)• Automatic Allocation of Neighbours• Automatic allocation of Channels• Automatic allocation of Preamble Indexes Specific Module• Automatic Allocation of DL & UL Zone Permbase

Network Verification Possible using Drive Test Data


WiMAX Workflow in Atoll

Open an Existing Project or Create a new one

Network ConfigurationAdd N t k El t ACP- Add Network Elements- Change Parameters

Basic Predictions(Best Server, Signal Level)

ACP

Automatic or Manual Neighbour Allocation

Automatic or Manual Frequency Planning

Traffic Maps

Automatic or Manual Preamble Index Planning

User-defined Values

Monte-Carlo Simulations

Cell Load ConditionsSubscriber Lists

And/or

Prediction Study Reports

Signal Quality and Throughput Predictions

Frequency Plan Analysis


Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts












Global Settings

Frequency Band definitionFrequency Band definition

Frame Structure Settings

Frame ConfigurationFrame Configuration

Radio Parameters

Site

Transmitters

Cells


Global Settings: Frequency Band

Frequency BandsAtoll can model multi-band networks within the same document

TDD (Time Division Duplexing) or FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing)

One frequency band assigned to each cell


Global Settings: Frame Structure (1/2)

Open the Frame Structure Properties


Global Settings: Frame Structure (2/2)

WiMAX Frame Structure Definition

Percentage dedicated Duration of preamble gto the DL and UL maps in the corresponding subframes

por permanent

information within the frame

Transmit

Relative or absolute DL/UL subframe ratio in the

and receive

time guards

WiMAX frame (TDD)

Frame duration© Forsk 2011 Slide 30 of 156Confidential – Do not share without prior permission

Global Settings: Frame Configuration (1/2)

Frame ConfigurationsTo model the different frame configurations possible for WiMAX networks

Each frame configuration stores the following parameters:• Total number of subcarriers• Number of subcarriers used by the preamble• DL and UL Segmentation supported or not (on the first PUSC zone)• DL and UL Segmentation supported or not (on the first PUSC zone)• DL and UL permutation zones definition

• Subchannel allocation mode (PUSC, FUSC, AMC, etc.)• Number of used and data subcarriers• Number of subchannels per channel• Minimum quality threshold• Maximum distance covered• Maximum speed supported• Permutation zone priority• Antenna diversity support (AAS STTD/MRC SU MIMO AMS MU MIMO)• Antenna diversity support (AAS, STTD/MRC, SU-MIMO, AMS, MU-MIMO)• Definition of secondary groups on the 1st DL PUSC zone

• FFT 1024 and 2048 only

Each cell must have a frame configuration assignedg g


Global Settings: Frame Configuration (2/2)

Permutation Zones (WiMAX 802.16e only)In predictions and during simulations, a permutation zone is assigned to a pixel, subscriber, or mobile in DL and in UL depending on:or mobile in DL and in UL depending on:

• Preamble C/N or C/I+N (as defined in Global Parameters – Advanced Button)• Distance from the base station• The mobile speed• The permutation zone priorityp p y


Radio Parameters Overview

SiteX (longitude) and Y (latitude)

TransmittersActivityAntenna configuration (model, height, azimuth, mechanical & electrical tilts...)

Presented in General Features

g ( g )UL & DL Losses / UL Noise FigurePropagation (Model, Radius and resolution)

CellsCellsFrequency Band & ChannelPreamble IndexFrame configurationPower definitionMin C/NUL & DL LoadDiversity SupportNeighbours


Transmitter ParametersTo define Propagation

Model, Radius and Resolution settings

ContainsAntenna Configuration and Losses

parameters

Contains all CELLS parameters

(see next slide)

DL and UL total losses,

UL noise figure

Antenna Configuration


Cell: Main ParametersCell activity

Base station id

Cell’s frame configuration (PUSC, FUSC zones,

permutations, …) Cell order used for carrier selection

Read-only computed DL d UL b l d ti

Cell’s frequency band

Channel number in the frequency band (and

allocation status)

Preamble index (0…113) + resulting PermBase and segment number (and

and UL symbols durations in the OFDM frame

Power settings on preamble, traffic and pilot subcarriers

allocation status)segment number (and allocation status)

Preamble quality threshold

Resource allocation min reuse distance

DL traffic loads*

WiMAX i t d f th

UL noise rise due to surrounding mobiles* Preamble threshold to switch

from SU-MIMO to STTD/MRC or to activate MU-MIMO

q yused as cell coverage limit

LOAD Conditions

Inputs of the neighbour allocation algorithm

WiMAX equipment used for the bearer selection and the quality

indicator studies

Scheduler used for bearer l ti d

Capacity gain in case of MU-MIMO


allocation algorithm

Neighbour list

selection and resource allocation

* User-defined or simulation output

Cell: Others Parameters

Segmentation parameters*

Effect of external

UL and DL Zone PermBase(seed number defining traffic

subchannels creation)

AAS usage ratio* (and AAS simulation

Results)

Effect of external sources of

interferences

Max UL and DL traffic l d t b t d

UL Traffic Load calculated during

Inputs of the neighbour allocation algorithm

Maximum simultaneous users supported by the cell

loads to be respected during simulations

calculated during simulation

* User-defined or simulation output

allocation algorithm


Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts












Introduction

Parameters Used in Predictions

Prediction Settings

Fast Link Adaptation Modelling

Coverage Prediction Examples

Point Analysis StudiesPoint Analysis Studies


Introduction

Coverage PredictionsGeneral Studies based on Preamble Power

Best ser er plot based on Preamble signal le els• Best server plot based on Preamble signal levels• Multiple server coverage based on Preamble signal levels• Preamble signal level plots• Preamble CNR plots

WiMAX UL and DL dedicated studies• Pilot and Traffic Signal Level Plots• Pilot and Traffic CNR Plots• Quality Studies (Preamble, pilot, DL/UL Traffic CINR and interference plots)• Best Bearer and Modulation Plots based on DL and UL Traffic CINR Levels• Throughput and Cell Capacity per pixel plots based on DL and UL Traffic CINR levels

• Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Throughputs• Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Cell Capacities• Peak MAC Effective MAC and Application Aggregate Cell ThroughputsPeak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Aggregate Cell Throughputs• Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Allocated Bandwidth Throughputs (UL)

Point Predictions


Introduction

Principles of the Studies Based On Traffic

Study calculated for

• Given Load Conditions• UL noise rise

DL t ffi l d• DL traffic load

• A non-interfering user with• A service• A mobilityy• A terminal type with a directive antenna (oriented towards the serving cell)


Load Conditions

Load Conditions are defined in the cells table

Values taken into consideration inValues taken into consideration in predictions for each cell


Service Properties

Parameters Used in PredictionsHighest and lowest bearers in UL and DLBody lossyApplication throughput parameters


WiMAX Bearer Properties

Support for Multiple Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCS)User-selectable Modulations (e.g. BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM)

User-definable Coding Rates (e.g. 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, etc.)

User-definable Bearer Efficiencies (useful bits per symbol)• Used for channel throughput evaluation


WiMAX Bearer Properties

Link Adaptation in WiMAX


Mobility Properties

Parameters Used in PredictionsMapping between mobilities and thresholds in permutation zone, bearer and quality indicator determination.


Terminal Properties

Parameters Used in PredictionsReception EquipmentAntenna Settings (incl. Antenna diversity support)g ( y pp )Maximum Terminal PowerGain and LossesNoise Figure


Prediction Settings

Coverage Prediction PlotsDo not require Monte-Carlo simulations or subscriber lists

Preamble, Pilot and Traffic signal level based coverage predictions• Best server plot

• Coverage by signal level

• Multiple server coverage

Preamble signal quality based coverage predictions• Selection of a mobility, a service, a terminal (possibly directional antenna oriented towards the serving

cell)

• Permutation zone coverage

• Preamble, pilot and traffic C/N plots

• Segment coverage


Prediction Settings

Coverage Prediction PlotsPrinciples

Based on ser defined cell loads or on Monte Carlo sim lation res lts• Based on user-defined cell loads or on Monte-Carlo simulation results• Selection of a mobility, a service, a terminal (possibly directional antenna oriented towards the serving

cell)

Traffic channel CINR based coverage predictionsTraffic channel CINR based coverage predictions• Preamble, Pilot, DL/UL Traffic CINR and Interference Plots

• Possibility to display UL CINR Level for 1 Subchannel• Possibility to display UL Transmission Power per pixel

• Best Bearer plots based on DL and UL Traffic CINR Levels

• Throughput and Cell Capacity per pixel plots based on DL and UL Traffic CINR Levels• Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Throughputs• Peak MAC Effective MAC and Application Cell CapacitiesPeak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Cell Capacities• Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Aggregate Cell Throughputs

• Uplink Allocated Bandwidth• Peak MAC, Effective MAC, and Application Throughputs• Number of Subchannels

• DL/UL Quality Indicator Plots


Fast Link Adaptation Modelling

Atoll determines, on each pixel, the highest bearer that each user can obtainNo soft handoverC ti t th b t i t f bl CConnection to the best server in term of preamble CBearer chosen according to the radio conditions (traffic channel CINR)

Process : prediction done via look-up tablesp p

Preamble Signal Level Evaluation (C)

Highest Bearer

Mac, Effective And Application Throughput

Calculation

Best Server and Service Area Determination (min

C/N)

Highest Bearer determination limited by the

Service Settings

Quality Indicator (BER,

BLER)C/N)

Permutation Zone Selection

UL and DL Traffic CINR Calculation

BLER)

Permutation Zone Selection (IEEE 802.16e) based on Preamble C/N or C/I+N


Permutation Zone Determination

In predictions and during simulations, a permutation zone is assigned to a pixel, subscriber, or mobile in DL and in UL depending on:

P bl C/N C/I+N ( d fi d i Gl b l P t )Preamble C/N or C/I+N (as defined in Global Parameters)Distance from the base stationThe Mobile SpeedThe Permutation Zone Priority


Interference Estimation

When the permutation zone is selected, Atoll calculates UL and DL CINR according to:The Victim Traffic Power

The Interfering Signals created by:• The interferer pilot and traffic powers• The path loss from the interferer to the victim• Antenna gain (which may be AAS results)• Antenna gain (which may be AAS results)• Losses from interferer (incl. Shadowing effect and indoor losses)

The Interference Reduction due to the Co And Adjacent Channel Overlap between the studied and the interfering base stationsg

The Interference Reduction factor due to Interfering Base Station’s Traffic Load

The Interference Reduction due to Segmentation (and consequently the mutual overlapThe Interference Reduction due to Segmentation (and consequently the mutual overlap between the segments of the victim and the interfering base stations)


Bearer Selection

When UL and DL CINR are evaluated, the bearer is selected according to:The WiMAX Reception Equipment defined at Reception (cell for UL, terminal for DL)

The CINR Threshold to Access Each Bearer

Scheduler Parameters of the Serving Cell• Bearer selection criterion• The uplink bandwidth allocation target (802.16e only)

The highest possible bearer according to the service settings


Bearer Selection

Scheduler Settings for Bearer Determination

Bearer selection criterion: B i d l i f h hi h b i d• Bearer index: selection of the highest bearer index

• Peak MAC throughput: selection of the highest peak MAC throughput

• Effective MAC throughput: selection of the highest effective MAC throughput

Uplink bandwidth allocation target (WiMAX 802.16e):• Full bandwidth: use of all the subchannels per UL user

• Maintain connection: number of subchannels reduced one by one to increaseMaintain connection: number of subchannels reduced one by one to increase the uplink CINR so that the mobile is able to get at least the lowest bearer (as

defined by the bearer selection criterion)• Best bearer: number of subchannels reduced to increase the uplink CINR so

that the mobile is able to get the best bearer available (as defined by the bearer selection criterion)


Throughput Estimation

When the bearer is selected, the channel throughput is calculated according to:The channel bandwidth and the frequency sampling factor

The frame definition in term of number of subcarriers, frame duration, etc. as defined in the global parameters and in the frame configuration (802.16e)

Th li fi tiThe cyclic prefix ratio

The bearer efficiency defined in the selected bearer


Quality Indicator Estimation

When the bearer is selected, the quality indicator (BER or BLER) is obtained according to:The graphs defined in the quality graph tab of the receiver equipment

The selected bearer

The calculated traffic CINR

The terminal mobility (optionally)


Prediction Examples (General Studies)

Coverage by signal level(Based on preamble power)

Best Server Plot(Based on preamble power)

Number of serversNumber of servers(Based on preamble power)


Prediction Examples (Dedicated Studies)

Coverage by DL CINR(Directional receiver antenna)

Coverage by DL CINR(Isotropic receiver antenna)



Coverage by Bearer (DL)

Coverage by Modulation (DL)

Coverage by ChannelCoverage by ChannelThroughput (DL)



Coverage by Bearer (UL)

Coverage by Modulation (UL)

Coverage by ChannelCoverage by ChannelThroughput (UL)


Point Analysis Tool: Reception

Radio Reception Diagnosis at a Given Point : Reception Analysis

Selection of the value to be Choice of UL&DL load conditions : if (Cells displayed (Preamble, Traffic or Pilot

C or C/N)Table) is selected Analysis based on DL

load and UL noise rise from cells table

Definition of a user- Cell bar graphs (best

Preamble, downlink and uplink traffic

availability (or not)

Definition of a userdefinable “probe"

receiver, indoor or not

Cell bar graphs (best server at the top)

Analysis detail on


ypreamble, downlink

and uplink traffic

Point Analysis Tool: Interference

Radio Interference Diagnosis at a Given Point : Interference Analysis

Choice of UL&DL load conditions : if (Cells Table) is selected Analysis based on DL load and UL noise rise from cells table

Selection of the value to be displayed (RS, SS, PDSCH, RSRP)

Serving Cell(C)

Total Level of Interference

(I + N)

Definition of a user-definable “probe"

receiver indoor or not

(I + N)

List of Interfering Cells


receiver, indoor or not

Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts












Definitions

Importing Neighbours

Neighbour Automatic Allocation

Displaying Neighbour Relations on the Map

Modifying Neighbour Relations Manuallyy g g y

Exporting Neighbour Relations


Definitions

Reference CellThe cell to which you are allocating neighbours

Possible NeighboursThe cells that fulfil the requirements to be neighbours

Intra-technology NeighboursThe cells defined as neighbours that use the same technology as the reference cellE.g., UMTS-UMTS, GSM-GSM, LTE-LTE

Inter-technology NeighboursThe cells defined as neighbours that use a technology other than the reference cell technologyE.g., UMTS-GSM, UMTS-LTE, GSM-LTE


Importing Neighbours (1/2)

Possibility to copy/paste or to import a list of neighboursIntra-carrier and inter-carrier neighbours are mixed in the same table

PrerequisitesA text file with at least 2 columns

• Source cells and neighbour cells• Relationships must be defined between atoll format cell names


Importing Neighbours (2/2)


Neighbour Automatic Allocation (1/4)

Possibility to define neighbourhood constraints to be considered during the automatic neighbour allocation

List of neighbourhood relationships you may force or forbid

Allocation ParametersMaximum number of neighbours

• Global value for all the transmitters or value specified for each transmitterMaximum inter-site distanceAllocation strategy based on the overlapping of cell coverage



Coverage conditions Calculation options

Overlapping criterion

Do not select the option ifStart allocation

Do not select the option if you want to keep existing

neighbours



Overlapping Criterion

% min covered area is defined by the formula : (S ∩ S ) / S where :% min covered area is defined by the formula : (SA ∩ SB) / SA where :- SA is the coverage area of a restricted by HO start and HO end- SB is the best server area of cell B

Best preamble signal level cell B (candidate)level cell B (candidate)

Best preamble signal level cell A (reference) Cell B

Best server

Cell A

Handover end

area

Best server area

Preamble signal threshold (from preamble quality C/N threshold –

global or per cell)Handover start

Handover endarea



Allocation ResultSorted list of neighbours with allocation reasons and importance value (0-1)

Allocation results

Sort and filtering tools


Commit selected neighbours only

Summary report listing existing, new and removed neighbours

Displaying Neighbour Relations on the Map (1/3)

Select the icon in the toolbar and click a transmitter on the map



Additional Display Options

Cli k th i f th t lbClick the icon from the toolbar

Symmetric link: site10_2(0) is neighbour of site22_3(0) and

vice-versa

Di ti f th i hb

Inwards link: site22_3(0) is neighbour of site9_3(0)

Direction of the neighbour relation

Outwards link: site1_2(0) is neighbour of site22_3(0)



Possibility to display coverage area of cell’s neighbours according to any neighbour characteristics on the map

Calculate and display a “coverage by transmitter” on the map

Display neighbour relations of the desired transmitter

Click the icon from the toolbar


Modifying Neighbour Relationships Manually

Possibility to add/remove neighbour relationships on the map using the ctrl and shift shortcuts

F i t i i hb h d li k lFor intra-carrier neighbourhood links only

Possibility to add/remove neighbours in the cell property dialogueNeighbour list of BRU038 2(0)_ ( )

List of transmitters within a 30 km radius from the selected one (sorted in a

ascending inter-site distance order)


Exporting Neighbour Relationships

Possibility to copy/paste or to export the list of neighbours


Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts












Diversity Modelling Overview

MIMO Settings and Modelling

MIMO Effect in Calculations

AAS Settings and Modelling

AAS Effect in Calculations



Antenna Diversity Principles

Transmission technique to carry the information along different paths

Aim : improve signal quality by compensating multi-path interferences

Antenna Diversity Modes in Atoll WiMAX

Smart antenna systemsy• Digital signal processing with more than one antenna element

• Locate and track various types of signals• Dynamically minimise interference and maximise wanted signal reception

M i b i t d i th di ti f th t d i l (UL DL)• Main beam pointed in the direction of the wanted signal (UL + DL)

• One or more nulls in the direction of the interfering signals (optimum Beamformer model only)



Antenna Diversity Modes in Atoll WiMAXMultiple Input Multiple Outputs (MIMO) systems

Space Time Transmit Di ersit (STTD)/Ma imal Ratio Combining (MRC)• Space-Time Transmit Diversity (STTD)/Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)• More than one transmission antenna to send the same data• Improvement of CINR Higher bearer Higher throughput

• Single-User MIMO or Spatial Multiplexing (SM)Single User MIMO or Spatial Multiplexing (SM)• More than one transmission antenna to send different data streams on each antenna• Improvement of throughput for a given CINR

• Adaptive MIMO Switch (AMS)• Technique to switch from SM to STTD/MRC as Preamble quality (CNR or CINR) conditions get

worse than a given threshold

• Multi-User MIMO or collaborative MIMOM lti l i f l ith d h di diti• Multiplexing of several users with good enough radio conditions

• More than one cell reception antenna to receive transmissions from several users over the same frequency-time allocation (UL only)

• Can be used with single-antenna user equipment• Improvement of UL capacity


MIMO Settings in Atoll WiMAX

Base Stations and User Equipment support MIMO systemsGains graphs available in reception equipment

Numbers of Transmission and Reception Antennas at the base station and user equipment

Modelling of Four MIMO Systems:Modelling of Four MIMO Systems:STTD/MRC (space-time transmit diversity) or STC (space-time coding)SM (Spatial Multiplexing)AMS (Adaptive MIMO Switch)MU MIMO (Multi user MIMO or collaborative MIMO)MU-MIMO (Multi-user MIMO or collaborative MIMO)

STTD/MRC, or Matrix A MIMO, improves the CINR Usually used in coverage areas with bad CNR/CINR conditions

SM (or Matrix B MIMO) and MU-MIMO improve throughput Usually used in coverage areas with good CNR/CINR conditions

AMS-capable equipment can switch from SM to STTD/MRC as the Preamble CNR/CINR worsens



Space-time Transmit Diversity ModellingSTTD/MRC gain depending on the MIMO configuration

Additional STTD/MRC gain per clutter class (DL and UL)

Sum of the gains applied on traffic CINR



Spatial Multiplexing ModellingMaximum possible gain in channel capacity

SU-MIMO gain factor per clutter class

MIMO throughput = SISO throughput (1 + SU-MIMO gain factor (max MIMO gain – 1))


MIMO Settings in Transmitters

MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output systems)

reception and transmission settings


MIMO Settings in Cells

Cell’s frame configuration (PUSC, FUSC zones, permutations, …)* in

which some permutation zones ( Ssupport or not diversity (AAS,

STTD/MRC, SU-MIMO (SM), AMS or MU-MIMO)

Minimum threshold used as :- Preamble C/N or C/I+N to switch

from SU-MIMO to STTD/MRC- Minimum Preamble C/N to activate

MU-MIMO(If t d i th l t d(If supported in the selected

permutation zone)

Uplink capacity gain due to MU-MIMO. The cell capacity is multiplied

by this gain at pixels where MU-MIMO is used

* IEEE 802.16e WiMAX mobile only


MIMO Settings in Terminals

Reception equipment defining SU-MIMO and

STTD/MRC gains

Selection of the supported Number of transmission (UL) and reception (DL) antennas

diversity technique (none, AAS, MIMO or AAS+MIMO)

in the case of MIMO-capable terminal


MIMO Effect in Computations

Predictions and SimulationsOn each pixel, a receiver is connected to its best server (in term of preamble C/N)

MIMO is possible if :• MIMO settings are defined in the WiMAX equipment selected at the cell – for UL – (or terminal – for DL

–) level• MIMO is supported by the user’s terminalMIMO is supported by the user s terminal• A frame configuration supporting MIMO (STTD/MRC, SU-MIMO, AMS, MU-MIMO) on some

permutation zones is assigned to the serving cell• The calculated preamble C/N or C/I+N permits one of these permutation zones to be served


MIMO Effect in Computations

Coverage Prediction Examples (MIMO system)

Coverage by DL CINR(MIMO with 2*2 antenna)

Coverage by DL CINRCoverage by DL CINR(Without MIMO)

CINR improved for low values (due to STTD/MRC)


Smart Antenna Modelling

Smart Antenna EquipmentTransmitters can have adaptive/smart antennasF k’ d ti t d l il bl b d f ltForsk’s adaptive antenna model available by defaultBased on MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) algorithmAAS-compatible mobiles are allocated to the AAS-compatible permutation zonesDefinition of the number of elements and the pattern of each elementAAS are considered in the Monte-Carlo simulations and coverage predictions

Pattern used for the


Pattern used for the preamble transmission around the transmitter

AAS Settings in Transmitters

Selection of an optional adaptive antenna


AAS Settings in Cells

Cell’s frame configuration (PUSC, FUSC zones permutations )* inFUSC zones, permutations, …)* in

which some permutation zones support or not diversity (AAS,

STTD/MRC, SU-MIMO (SM), AMS or MU-MIMO)

* IEEE 802.16e WiMAX mobile only


AAS Settings in Terminals

Selection of the supported diversity technique (none,

AAS, MIMO or AAS+MIMO)


AAS Effect in Computations

Predictions and SimulationsOn each pixel, a receiver is connected to its best server (in term of preamble C/N)

AAS is possible if :• Smart antenna equipment is defined at the transmitter level• AAS is supported by the user’s terminal• A frame configuration supporting diversity AAS on some permutation zones is assigned to the serving• A frame configuration supporting diversity AAS on some permutation zones is assigned to the serving

cell• The calculated preamble C/N or C/I+N permits one of these permutation zones to be served



Coverage Prediction Examples (AAS system)

Coverage by DL CINR(With AAS)

C b DL CINRCoverage by DL CINR(Without AAS)



Specific AAS Simulation ResultsFor each cell with smart antenna equipment, the obtained transmitted power and UL noise rise are expressed in term of patterns and can be used in predictions (either by committingrise are expressed in term of patterns and can be used in predictions (either by committing them to the cell table or by selecting a specific simulation or group of simulations)

• DL pattern: angular distribution of transmitted power (spectral power density)

• UL pattern: angular distribution of noise rise


Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts











7. Segmentation Modelling

Preamble Index Overview

DL Segmentation ModellingOverviewSettingsSettingsEffect in Predictions

UL Segmentation ModellingS iSettingsEffect in Predictions


Preamble Index Overview (1/5)

Preamble DefinitionThe downlink transmission starts with an OFDM symbol dedicated to the preamble

The downlink subframe is divided into 3 segments

Each segment uses a different preamble carrier set, i.e., Subcarriers used to transmit the blpreamble



Cell Search and SelectionIt selects the preamble whose PN sequence gives the best correlation. Once the preamble selected the mobile now knows and recognizes its serving cellselected, the mobile now knows and recognizes its serving cell

The PN sequence corresponds to a preamble index, which gives the following information• Segment number: 0, 1, or 2• IDCell (DL permbase for the first DL PUSC permutation zone): 0 to 31• IDCell (DL_permbase for the first DL PUSC permutation zone): 0 to 31

• Cell permbase in Atoll

Therefore, it knows which OFDM symbols and subchannels to listen to for reading the FCH, DCD, UCD, DL-map, and UL-mapDCD, UCD, DL map, and UL map

mbl

e

mbl

e

mbl

e

Preamble carrier set 0 Preamble carrier set 1 Preamble carrier set 2

Pre

am

Pre

am

Pre

am

Preamble carrier set 0Segment 0





Preamble Index FunctionCell Identification Parameter

Cell Search and Selection is based on preamble indexes

114 Preamble Indexes defined by the IEEE

Each Preamble Index has an associated pseudo-noise sequence

The 114 PN Sequences are (nearly) orthogonal



Preamble Index Function (contd.)Subcarriers used for preamble transmission are interlaced

Preamble subcarriers are modulated using BPSK1/2 with PN sequences

The PN sequence is transmitted using the preamble carrier set, i.e., the subcarriers used by th blthe preamble

Cell search and selectionAny mobile trying to connect to the network receives preambles from many cells

It calculates the correlation of all the received PN sequences by comparing them with the 114It calculates the correlation of all the received PN sequences by comparing them with the 114 stored in its memory



Mapping Between the Preamble Index and the SegmentationExample of segmentation for 3 cells : preamble index 0, 32, 64

Permbase 0• Permbase 0• Segments 0, 1 and 2


DL Segmentation Overview (1/2)

Segmentation and Fractional Frequency ReuseIEEE 802.16e (DL PUSC zones only)P ibilit t ll t t f th ti b d idth t ll (DL bf )Possibility to allocate a part of the entire bandwidth to a cell (DL subframe)Provides better spectrum usage and interference reductionMaximum of 3 segments (preamble index only supports 0, 1, 2)

• Preamble always segmented (using every 3rd subcarrier)


DL Segmentation Overview (2/2)

The segmented zone uses a segment of the entire channel bandwidth (typical:1/3rd)

The maximum throughput of a 1/3rd segment is 1/3rd of the throughput of a channel

Definition of segmentation usage ratioUsed to compute the interference between cellsUsed to compute the interference between cellsRepresents the segmented part percentage of the total traffic load


DL Segmentation: Network Settings

DL Segmentation is possible when the Frame supports itEffect on traffic only since preamble is always segmentedOnly for the first PUSC DL Permutation zones


DL Segmentation Settings: Cells

Cell’s frame configuration (PUSC, FUSC zones, permutations, …)*

where segmentation may be supported or not


Channel number in the frequency band The same channel must beband. The same channel must be

used between cells for which segmentation is applied

Preamble index (0…113)* and lti P B ( IDC ll) dresulting PermBase (or IDCell) and segment number (0,1 or 2).

Segmentation between cells is optimal when PermBase is identical and segment is different (must be

define even without segmentation in order to model the preamble

segmentation)

Segmentation usage ratio* (used in the interference estimation)

d l i S iand resulting Segmentation Switching Point

* User-defined or simulation output© Forsk 2011 Slide 105 of 156Confidential – Do not share without prior permission

DL CINR PUSC Only (Without Segmentation)

Each cell uses the full channel bandwidth


DL CINR PUSC Only (With Segmentation)

Each cell uses 1/3rd of the channel bandwidth


DL CINR PUSC segmented + non segmented

Each cell has a PUSC zone with 1/3rd channel bandwidth + a PUSC zone with the entire channel bandwidth


DL throughput PUSC only (Without Segmentation)

Each cell uses the full channel bandwidth


DL throughput PUSC only (With Segmentation)

Each cell uses 1/3rd of the channel bandwidth

Conclusion : higher CINR, larger coverage but poorer throughput since 1/3rd of the beamwidth is used © Forsk 2011 Slide 110 of 156Confidential – Do not share without prior permission

DL throughput PUSC segmented + non segmented

Each cell has a PUSC zone with 1/3rd channel bandwidth + a PUSC zone with the entire channel bandwidth

Conclusion : comparable CINR/throughput in the common covered areas, but additional coverage (and throughput) in the PUSC segmented areas© Forsk 2011 Slide 111 of 156Confidential – Do not share without prior permission

UL Segmentation: Network Settings

UL Segmentation is possible when the Frame supports itOnly for PUSC UL Permutation zonesCannot be used as is for predictions: need a Simulation to calculate UL segmented Noise Rise


UL Segmentation Settings: Cells

Cell’s frame configuration (PUSC, FUSC zones, permutations, …)*

where segmentation may be


where segmentation may be supported or not

Cell s frequency band

Channel n mber in the freq encChannel number in the frequency band. The same channel must be

used between cells for which segmentation is applied

Segmented Zone UL Noise Rise* (used in the interference estimation

when calculating a prediction)

* User-defined or simulation output© Forsk 2011 Slide 113 of 156Confidential – Do not share without prior permission

Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts












Automatic Frequency PlanningAFP OverviewAFP PAFP Process Interference Matrix CalculationRunning the Frequency Automatic AllocationFrequency Allocation Examples

Automatic Preamble Index PlanningPreamble Index Planning ProcessRunning the Preamble Index Automatic AllocationgPreamble Index Allocation Examples

Automatic UL/DL Zone PermBase PlanningUL/DL Z P B O iUL/DL Zone PermBase OverviewUL/DL Zone PermBase Planning ProcessRunning the UL/DL Zone PermBase Automatic Allocation


AFP Overview (1/2)

Goal: Optimize the Network Frequency Allocation to minimize interference

InputsCells settings

• Frequency band(s): Atoll can work with several bands• Locked Channels (Optional)

Reuse Constraints definition:• Interferences (Interference Matrix calculation)• Minimum Reuse distance

N i hb l ti• Neighbour relations


AFP Overview (2/2)

Based on an Iterative Cost-based Algorithm

Th l ith t t ith th t f l ( d i iti l t t )The algorithm starts with the current frequency plan (used as initial state)Different Frequency Plans are then evaluated and a Cost is calculated for each of them

The best frequency allocation plan is the one with the lowest global cost

The cost is calculated thanks to:• Interference matrices

• Probabilities of interference in co- and adjacent channel casesA b bilit l l t d f h f h i t f d i t f i ll i• A probability calculated for each case for each interfered-interfering cell pair

• Distance relation• Avoid Frequency reuse between cells for which the inter-site distance is lower than a

“Min Reuse Distance”• Taking into account Distance and Cells’ Azimuth

• Neighbours• Taking into account Neighbours relation’s importance relation (co-site, adjacent)


AFP Process

1. Define Radio Parameters at Cells levela) Frequency Band Allocationb) F All ti St t N t All t d L k db) Frequency Allocation Status: Not Allocated or Lockedc) Minimum reuse Distance (optional)

2. Import / Calculate a Neighbour Plan

3. Import / Calculate an Interference Matrix

4 R th A t ti F All ti t l4. Run the Automatic Frequency Allocation tool

5. Commit and Analyse Results


Interference Matrix Calculation (1/2)

DefinitionFor each cell pair, interference probability for co and adjacent channel cases

Interference probability is the ratio between• Interfered surface area within the best server coverage area of the studied cell• Best server coverage area of the studied cell

Tx AVictim Transmitter

Serving Area

Tx BInterfering Transmitter

Victim Transmitter

Area where Tx B is interfering Tx A

Interference Probability = 50%

In other words 50% of TxA’s Serving Area is interfered by TxB

Co-Channel interference occurs when: Adjacent Channel interference occurs when:

In other words, 50% of TxA s Serving Area is interfered by TxB

P blCMiC PreambleCMinC


PreambleNCMin

NMIC

Q

PreambleN

MinN

fMI

ASF

Q

Interference Matrix Calculation (2/2)


Running the Frequency Automatic Allocation

Automatic Resource Allocation Process Possibility to select the Resource to be allocated (Frequencies, Preamble Indexes...)

Interference Matrix selection

(among calculated ones)

Allocation constraints

C i

Allocated channels

Commit channels to

cells


Run the calculation

Frequency Allocation Examples (1/5)

Automatic Frequency Allocation in Atoll (Example)Same channel all over



Automatic Frequency Allocation in Atoll (Example)Manual allocation with 3 channels



Automatic Frequency Allocation in Atoll (Example)Automatic allocation with 3 channels



Automatic Frequency Allocation in Atoll (Example)Manual allocation with 6 channels



Automatic Frequency Allocation in Atoll (Example)Automatic allocation with 6 channels


Preamble Index Allocation Process (1/2)

Philosophy of the Preamble Index Automatic Allocation tool is really similar to AFP

GoalsAvoid using the same PN sequence in nearby cells

• Can cause problems in cell search and selectionAvoid using the same segment to nearby cells

• Can cause a lot of interference on FCH and mapsUse preferably the same Cell PermBase to cells of the same site

• Can help in measurements and handover procedures

Automatic Preamble Index Allocation PrerequisitesDefine Radio Parameters at cells level

• Frequency Plan: a channel manually (or automatically) assigned to each cell• Preamble Index domain (v3.1.1)• Preamble Index and Segment allocation status• Minimum Reuse Distance (optional)• Segmentation support (optional)

Neighbour planInterference Matrix (as explained previously)


Preamble Index Allocation Process (2/2)

Automatic Preamble Index Allocation in AtollBased on an iterative cost-based algorithm

Different Preamble Index allocation plans are tried and a cost calculated for each

The best Preamble Index allocation plan is the one with the lowest cost

The cost is calculated for cells with the following relations• Neighbours (optional)• Distance between cells < min reuse distance (optional)

C ll P B t t ( ti l)• Cell PermBase strategy (optional)• Frequency plan

Relations between cells can have different importance in the final cost• The importance of neighbour relation is calculated during the automatic neighbour allocation• The importance of neighbour relation is calculated during the automatic neighbour allocation • The importance of the relation based on the distance between cells (weighted by the antenna azimuths)


Running the Preamble Index Automatic Allocation

Automatic Preamble Index AllocationPreamble Index

allocation domainallocation domainCell PermBase

Strategy

I iti l


Initial Allocation


Run PI allocation

Preamble Index Allocation Results (1/4)

Committing calculated Preamble Indexes

Commit calculated Preamble Indexes to

Cells


Cells


Example 1 : Same Preamble Index (same Segment and Cell PermBase) all over



Example 2 : Manual Allocation with three Preamble Indexes (0, 32, 64)

Sect 0: PI 0, seg 0, PB 0

S 1 PI 32 1 PB 0Sect 1: PI 32, seg 1, PB 0

Sect 2: PI 64, seg 2, PB 0



Example 3 : Automatic Preamble Index Allocation


UL/DL Zone PermBase Allocation Process (1/2)

Philosophy of the UL/DL Zone PermBase Automatic Allocation similar to AFP

GoalAvoid using the same Zone PermBase (Seed Number) in nearby cells

Automatic Preamble Index Allocation PrerequisitesAutomatic Preamble Index Allocation PrerequisitesDefine Radio Parameters at cells level

• Frequency Plan: a channel manually (or automatically) assigned to each cell• Allocation Status• Minimum Reuse Distance (optional)

Neighbour planInterference Matrix (as explained previously)

No impact on Predictions and Simulations


Running the UL Zone PermBaseAutomatic Allocation

Automatic UL Zone PermBase AllocationUL Zone PermBase allocation domainallocation domain

I iti l


Initial Allocation


Commit results to cells

Run allocation

Running the DL Zone PermBaseAutomatic Allocation

Automatic DL Zone PermBase AllocationDL Zone PermBase allocation domainallocation domain

I iti l


Initial Allocation


Commit results to cells

Run allocation

Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts












Channel and Preamble Index Search Tools

Preamble Index Allocation Audit

Preamble Index Distribution Histogram


Search Tool Overview

Tool to visualise channel and Preamble Index reuse on the map

Possibility to find cells which are assigned a given :y g g• Frequency band + channel• Preamble Index • Segment• Permbase

Way to use this tool

Create and calculate a coverage by transmitter with a colour display by transmitterg y p y y

Open the “Find on Map” tool available in the Edit menu (or directly in the toolbar )


Channel Search Tool

Channel Reuse on the Map

Resource

Frequency band and

Resource Selection

band andChannel number

Colours given to transmitters• Red: co-channel transmitters

• Yellow: multi-adjacent channel (-1 and +1) transmitters


Yellow: multi adjacent channel ( 1 and +1) transmitters• Green: adjacent channel (-1) transmitters• Blue: adjacent channel (+1) transmitters

• Grey thin line: other transmitters

Preamble Index Search Tool

Preamble Index, Permbase and Segment Reuse on the Map

Resource

Resource

Resource Selection

Resource Type and

Value

Colours given to transmitters• Red or Grey thin line: if the transmitters carries or not

the specified resource value (Preamble Index, Cell PermBase)


Preamble Index Allocation Audit (1/2)

Verification of the allocation inconsistenciesRespect Preamble Index Allocation DomainR t f i i di tRespect of a minimum reuse distanceRespect of neighbourhood constraints (two neighbour cells must have different PI)Respect of Permbase and Segment allocation strategy


Preamble Index Allocation Audit (2/2)

Audit resultsInconsistencies are displayed in the default text editor

The Minimum Distance constraint is fulfilled

The Allocation Domain constraint is fulfilled

Th N i hb ll ll t d thThese Neighbour cells are allocated the same Preamble Index

The Permbase and Segment strategies are fulfilled


Preamble Index distribution Histogram

View of the Preamble Index Distribution

Dynamic pointer


Training Programme

1. WiMAX Concepts











10. Monte-Carlo Based Simulations

Simulation Process

Simulation Creation

Simulation Results

Analysis of Simulations

Specific AAS Simulation Resultsp


Simulation Process (1/2)

What’s a Simulation in Atoll?

Distribution of Users at a Given Moment (= Snapshot)Distribution of Users at a Given Moment (= Snapshot)

Purpose

Simulate the network regulation mechanisms for a user distribution

Analyse the network capacity

Steps of the WiMAX Simulation

1. Obtaining a Realistic User Distribution

2. Modelling the Network Regulation Mechanisms

3. Calculating Network Parameters


Simulation Process (2/2)

Requirement: Traffic Maps and/or Subscriber Lists

Traffic Maps

Managed from the Traffic Maps Folder• Geo tab of the Explorer window

Based on Service and User Modelling

Main Types of Traffic Maps• User profile environment based traffic maps• Sector traffic maps

Subscriber Lists

Managed from the Subscribers Folder• Network tab of the Explorer window


Obtaining a Realistic User Distribution

The user distribution is generated using a Monte-Carlo algorithm

Based on traffic database and subscriber list/traffic map(s)

Weighted by a Poisson distribution

Each user is assigned

A service a mobility type a terminal and an activity status by random trialA service, a mobility type, a terminal and an activity status by random trial• According to a probability law using traffic database

A geographic position in the traffic zone by random trial• According to the clutter weighting and indoor ratio (user location is the same as subscriber location ifg g g (

the simulation is based on a subscriber list)


Modelling the Network Regulation Mechanisms

Iterative Algorithm

Same User Distribution Considered for Each Iteration

During each iteration, all the users attempt to connect one by one to network transmitters

Process Repeated Until Convergence

Regulation MechanismsRegulation Mechanisms

Intelligent scheduling and radio resource management• Subchannels Allocation• Power Control• DL Cell Load• UL Noise Rise


Scheduling in Simulations

Scheduling and Radio Resource ManagementFiltering of mobiles up to cell capacity limits (max UL and DL loads)

Allocation of resources according to GoS class, service priorities and cell scheduler

Different schedulers available:• Proportional Fair• Proportional Demand• Biased (GoS class)• Max Aggregate Throughput

First pass• Resource allocation for the minimum throughput demands depending on the service priorities of the

users (GoS class + priority)• Minimum throughput demand for UGS, rtPS, ErtPS, nrtPS categories

Second pass• Distribution of the remaining resources between users according to the schedulers defined in each cell

in order to reach the max throughput demand of rtPS, ErtPS, nrtPS and BE categories


Simulation Creation

Optional growing factor on the selected traffic map(s)

Number of simulations to run for the current

session

Selection of traffic map(s) as traffic

input

Selection of subscriber list(s) as traffic input (dedicated to

802 16d)Load constraints to respect

802.16d)during simulations (global value or value per cell)


Simulation Creation

Number of simulations to run for the current session

Multiplying factor to increase the user density

Constraints to be respected during the simulation and convergence criteriaSelection of traffic map(s) simulation and convergence criteriaas traffic input


Click the button to calculate the simulation immediately

Simulation Results (1)

Analysis Provided over the Focus Zone

Main Simulation results includePer cell

• UL and DL traffic loads• UL noise rise (incl. AAS results)• Calculation of aggregate cell throughputs for UL and DL

• Peak MAC, effective MAC, and application level• …

Per mobilePer mobile• Serving transmitter and cell• Azimuth and downtilt (towards the serving cell)• Received power from and at the serving cell• DL and UL CINR, best WiMAX bearers, channel and user throughputs

• Peak MAC, effective MAC, and application level• UL transmission power• Number of used subchannels in UL• DL and UL permutation zones (WiMAX 802.16e only)

Connection status and rejection cause• Connection status and rejection cause• …



Analysis Provided over the Focus Zone

5 Tabs : Statistics, Sites, Cells, Mobiles, Initial Conditions



Writes the UL and DL traffic loads, the UL noise

rise, the segmentation usage (if any), the

adaptive antenna system results (if any) into the

cells table



Display the users (terminals) on the map depending on the connection status


Analysis of Simulations

Calculation of WiMAX Prediction Studies Based on SimulationsAnalysis of a single simulation

Prediction based on the results of the simulation (DL load, UL noise rise, etc)

Average analysis of all the simulations in a group

Prediction based on the average of simulations in the group (average DL load, average UL noise rise, etc)


THANK YOU!

atoll 3.1.0 wimax v2

Documents

user ofdm

orthogonal subcarriers

symbol length

amc forsk

simulations forsk

wimax concepts2

wimax network4

wimax predictions