◆Essential to analyze characteristics of waste generation at sourceat source , but- difficult to grasp waste amount by actual measurement in Japan

- high population density- curbside collection

ACTUAL CONDITION AND SPECIFICATION ANALYSIS ON “SPHERE OF INFLUENCE” ACTUAL CONDITION AND SPECIFICATION ANALYSIS ON “SPHERE OF INFLUENCE” OF WASTE COLLECTION POINT BY MUTUAL EXPLOITATION OF GPS AND GISOF WASTE COLLECTION POINT BY MUTUAL EXPLOITATION OF GPS AND GIS

Shinya Suzuki*, Miho Saito*, Yasushi Matsufuji*, and Kazuo Yamamoto***Department of Civil Engineering, Fukuoka University**Environmental Science Center, University of Tokyo

8-19-1, Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan E-mail: ssuzuki@fukuoka-u.ac.jpssuzuki@fukuoka-u.ac.jp

1. INTRODUCTION1. INTRODUCTION

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

4. CONCLUSIONS4. CONCLUSIONS

3.1 Actual condition on “sphere of influence” for waste collection point3.1 Actual condition on “sphere of influence” for waste collection point

3.2 Feasibility analysis on waste amount 3.2 Feasibility analysis on waste amount monitoring based on “sphere of influence”monitoring based on “sphere of influence”

3.3 Specification analysis on “sphere of influence”3.3 Specification analysis on “sphere of influence”a) Pattern A (“curbside” , “door to door”)a) Pattern A (“curbside” , “door to door”) b) Pattern B (“bring”, “station” collection system)b) Pattern B (“bring”, “station” collection system)

2. CONCEPT2. CONCEPT

◆ Mutual exploitation- Global Positioning System (GPSGPS)- Geographic Information System (GISGIS)

◆ Analysis using GISGIS

◆ Recording using GPS GPS (●)- route of collection

vehicle

◆Utilization of photo electronic sensor photo electronic sensor (●)- react while waste bag thrown in- identify collection point- estimate waste amount collected

◆Analysis on “sphere of influence”sphere of influence” for waste collection point waste collection point (■)- identify waste generator in each collection point

◆ To accomplish “sophisticated” municipal solid waste management ◆ To accomplish “sophisticated” municipal solid waste management

GIS Data base on waste collection point

Attribute data- log data “photo electronic sensor”

reacted

Attribute data- log data “photo electronic sensor”

reacted

× ○

low highcost

near fardistance

◆ need to consider not only “distancedistance” but also “costcost”-barrier: river, side ditch, fence, etc.-route: road

◆ Application of “Arc GIS Spatial Analyst”-calculation of accumulated minimum valueaccumulated minimum value of cost and distance

Assumed costAssumed cost

◆ just need to consider “distance”- detection of shortest distance combination

◆ Not all roads are used as collection route-width of roadwidth of road-apartment houseapartment house

◆ 2 patterns exist-pattern A: curbsidecurbside, door to door collection (39%39%)-pattern B: bringbring, station collection (61%61%)

◆ photo electronic sensorphoto electronic sensor reacts- within 10m10m from each waste collection point, but- not all of them reacts in shortest distance area

◆ By introducing summation method based on “sphere of influencesphere of influence” for waste collection point- sum upsum up waste collection point nearby- count number of sensor point within shortest shortest distance areadistance area

◆ Application of basic GIS function- matched 90%90% of household

◆ matched 76%76% of household-high percentage of matching-factor other than shortest route

◆We analyzed specification of “sphere of influencesphere of influence” for waste collection point of each household by using GIS- 2 patterns exist;

pattern A (curbside curbside collection system) just consider “distancedistance” matched 90%90% of householdpattern B (bringbring collection system) consider not only distance but also “costcost” matched 76%76% of household

◆ We clarified effectiveness of waste amount monitoring method by exploitation of GPSGPS and GISGIS- based on “sphere of influencesphere of influence” for waste collection point

◆ photo electronic sensorphoto electronic sensor reacts;- within 10m10m from each waste collection point sum up matched 99%99% of regression

y = 0.997x

R2 = 0.9582

0.0

50.0

100.0

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200.0

250.0

300.0

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0

Waste amount measured (kg)

Was

te a

mou

nt e

stim

ated

by G

PS/

GIS

mon

itor

ing

syst

em (

kg)

y = 0.997x

R2 = 0.9582

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0

Waste amount measured (kg)

Was

te a

mou

nt e

stim

ated

by G

PS/

GIS

mon

itor

ing

syst

em (

kg)

- detailed, long-term data accumulationdetailed, long-term data accumulation- utilization of “traceability”utilization of “traceability”- through real grasping of waste collection processthrough real grasping of waste collection process

- detailed, long-term data accumulationdetailed, long-term data accumulation- utilization of “traceability”utilization of “traceability”- through real grasping of waste collection processthrough real grasping of waste collection process

Waste amount monitoring system using Waste amount monitoring system using GPSGPS and and GISGISWaste amount monitoring system using Waste amount monitoring system using GPSGPS and and GISGIS

GPS log on collection vehicle

Location characteristics- density- shortest distance area

Location characteristics- density- shortest distance area

Location characteristics-distance from each waste collection point

Location characteristics-distance from each waste collection point

Waste amount- identification of each collection

area

Waste amount- identification of each collection

area

Attribute data- household income etc.

Attribute data- household income etc.

Sphere of influence

- specification

Sphere of influence

- specification

1) Household income1) Household income

For example,

3) Mixing of commercial waste3) Mixing of commercial waste

2) Distance from household to waste collection point

2) Distance from household to waste collection point

source

municipality

Collection efficiency

◆ Field surveyField survey of actual condition on “sphere of influence” for waste collection point

- factor on routing for collection vehicle- relation ship between collection route and sphere of influence

◆ Feasibility analysisFeasibility analysis on waste amount monitoringwaste amount monitoring based on “sphere of influence”- location characteristics between waste collection point and reaction point of photo electronic sensor

- buffering- voronoi tessellation

◆ Specification analysisSpecification analysis on “sphere of influence” using GIS- a) pattern A- b) pattern B

see 3.1

see 3.2

see 3.3