asynchronous run prevention automatic device agna
TRANSCRIPT
ASYNCHRONOUS RUN PREVENTION AUTOMATIC DEVICE AGNA
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION AND OPERATING MANUAL
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Main Characteristics and Field of Use ....3 1.1. Main Functions .............3 1.1.1. Protection and Automation ............3 1.1.2. Monitoring .3 1.1.3. Measurements ....3 1.1.4. Service functions 3
2. Technical Data of the Asynchronous Run Prevention Automatic Device AGNA ...5 3. Diagram of External Connections 7 4. AGNA Operation Description ..8
Introduction . .8 4.1. Realization of the asynchronous run prevention automatic
device ...8 4.2. Asynchronous run
detection ..............8 4.3. The operation and blocking algorithm characteristic of the angle measuring element
in the first swing cycle ..8 4.4. The operation and algorithm characteristic of the automatic device in the n-th swing
cycle ..12
4.5. Blockings 13 5. Output Relays ..14 6. Logical Input Signals .. .15 7. Control Panel ........15
7.1. Device settings 15 7.2. Display of information on the device indicator ..17
8. Digital Oscillograph Function .20 9. Real-time Clock, Synchronization ..21 10. Data Exchange with a Personal Computer ... ...21 11. Table of Settings for the Asynchronous Run Prevention Automatic Device AGNA ...23
3
1. Main Characteristics and Field of Use
An asynchronous run prevention automatic device is intended for monitoring 110-330 kV
lines and controlling circuit-breakers for the purpose of preventing the asynchronous run mode
of the power system.
1.1. Main Functions 1.1.1. Protection and Automation
2- stage protection of asynchronous run prevention in forward direction;
Protection of asynchronous run prevention in reverse direction;
Protection of asynchronous run prevention according to the cycle algorithm;
Blocking at low current values;
Blocking at voltage circuit faults;
Blocking at asymmetrical and 3-phase short-circuit faults;
Emergency process recording.
1.1.2. Monitoring
Device integrity monitoring;
Incoming circuits continuity monitoring;
Settings preservation monitoring;
Power supply monitoring;
Outgoing circuits continuity monitoring.
1.1.3. Measurements
Current and voltage measurement;
Symmetric component measurement.
1.1.4. Service Functions
A list of service functions of the device is presented in Table 1.1. The most service functions are available to the operator both locally (control by means of device pushbuttons and display of information on a built-in local indicator) and remotely (from a personal computer that is connected to the device directly or via a telephone channel). The service functions of the device are provided by means of the following appropriate software developed for personal computers:
Program Remilink
a communication program that ensures information exchange between a personal computer and the device. The program is provided with a settings editor;
Program Smoky
a program that is intended for viewing of oscillograph records, analysis of the protection functioning, construction of vector diagrams, and analysis of the harmonic composition and symmetric components of signals.
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Service Functions of the Device
Table 1.1.
Functions of the device Display on a built-in
local indicator, control by means of pushbuttons
Display on a personal computer, control by
means of software Listing of events for operation of the automation equipment and the external control signals
Viewing of events Viewing of events
Remilink
Computation of the present effective values of analogue signals and viewing of the state of discrete signals
Viewing Viewing
Remilink
Registration and recording into oscillograph records of the momentary values of analogue signals, the state of discrete signals and the protection operation process
Viewing of oscillograph records
Smoky
Listing of oscillograph records stored in the device; sending of oscillograph records to a personal computer
Viewing of oscillograph records list, entering of
oscillograph records into a PC
Remilink
Work with the settings of the device Viewing and changing Viewing and changing
Remilink
Work with the groups of settings of the device
Active group of settings: display and changing
based on external discrete signals
Display of active group
Remilink
Display, correction and synchronization of the astronomical time on the basis of an external signal / command
Viewing and changing, synchronizing from the
discrete signal input
Viewing and synchronization with
the PC time
Remilink
Continuous testing of operation of the basic units
Failure alarm, failure cause indication
Monitoring of the auxiliary power supply to the device
Monitoring and display of power-off / power-up
time, alarm
Display of power-off / power-up time of
the device
Remilink
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2. Technical Data of the Asynchronous Run Prevention Automatic Device
AGNA
Technical capabilities
Amount of monitored analogue signals 10 Amount of monitored discrete signals 20 Number of output relays 17 Number of groups of settings to be stored 4
Analogue signals Signal nominal frequency Fnom 50 Hz Frequency range 45 55 Hz Quantization frequency of analogue-digital conversion 1000 Hz
Voltage inputs Nominal voltage Unom 57 V Consumption by voltage circuits < 0,5 VA per phase Dynamic range 0,05 1,6 Unom Measurement accuracy (at Fnom): U Unom U Unom
< 1,5% Unom < 1,5% U
Maximum permissible voltage: continuously short-term (< 5 s)
1,6 Unom 2 Unom
Current inputs Nominal current Inom 1 A or 5 A Consumption by current circuits < 0,5 VA per phase Dynamic range 0,1 35 Inom Measurement accuracy (at Fnom): I Inom I Inom
< 2% Inom < 2% I
Maximum permissible current: continuously short-term (< 3 s)
2 Inom 35 Inom
Discrete signals Direct voltage (Ulog) = ( 180 240) V
Input resistance 68 k
Output contacts Number 17 Switching capability 0,15 A, 220 V DC
Clock and calendar Internal calendar Years 2000 to 2099 Movement accuracy of internal clock 3 ms/min at 25 0 C
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Temperature range
Storage -400C to 700C Operation -50 C to 500 C
Serial interface
Type RS 232 Speed when operating via a modem 300 4800 baud
Auxiliary power supply Direct voltage or alternating voltage Uop 110 250 V Consumption by power circuit 25 VA
Insulation Check of insulation between galvanic-separated circuits 1 minute, with 1,5 kV Insulation resistance 10 M with 1000 V
Overall dimensions and weight Overall dimensions 315x265x250 mm Weight 10 kg
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3. Diagram of External Connections
X2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
IA
IA*kop.
IB
IB*kop.
IC
IC
*
kop.
Iazk21
Ia
kop
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Ua
Ua*kop.
Ub
Ub*kop.
Uc
Uc
*
kop.
Serial number 0999
X1
X3
X4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
BI 1
BI 2
BI 3
BI 4
U log(
-
)
BI 5
BI 6
BI 7
BI 8
U log(
-
)
BI 9
BI 10
BI 11
BI 12
U log(
-
)
BI 13
BI 14
BI 15
BI 16
U log(
-
)
U log(+)
U log(+)
U log(+)
U log(+)
X5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
BI 17
BI 18
BI 19
BI 20
U log(
-
)
U log(+)
X7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
BO 1
BO 1
BO 2
BO 2
BO 3
BO 3
BO 4
BO 4
BO 5
BO 5
BO 6
BO 6
BO 7
BO 7
BO 8
BO 8
X6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
BO 9
BO 9
BO 10
BO 10
BO 11
BO 11
BO 12
BO 12
BO 13
BO 13
BO 14
BO 14
BO 15
BO 15
BO 16
BO 16
X8
BO 17
BO 17
Uop
Ia
kop
Iazk1
Ibzk1
Iczk1
Ib
kop
Ic kop
Ua
kop
Ub
kop
Uc
kop
X10
X9
8
4. AGNA Operation Description
Introduction
The automatic device for preventing asynchronous run in the power systems performs the monitoring of 110-330 kV line processes and the control of circuit-breakers. The automatic device is provided with automation functions (recording of events and recording of emergency process oscillograph records).
The hardware is made on the basis of microprocessor technique elements, hence, uses digital principles for data processing. The automatic device can be connected to the computers of the power system relay service, using telephone communication channels.
4.1. Realization of the asynchronous run prevention automatic device
An algorithm and a program for starting and detecting the loss of stability of the power system are performed on the basis of monitoring the angle between the two simulated voltages Uzk1 and Uzk2. Voltage simulation is performed according to the following equations:
11 KZIUzkU
22 KZIUUzk ,
where U - phase voltage in the place where the deice is installed,
I - phase current,
21, KK ZZ - compensating resistance settings.
4.2. Asynchronous run detection
The operation conditions for the asynchronous run prevention device AGNA are determined by one of the two realized algorithms. The first operation algorithm does not allow for full rotation of the vectors, and the operation takes place in the first cycle according to the operation characteristic of the angle measuring element, with two stages in the main zone and one stage in the reserve zone. The second algorithm allows for some swing cycles. The number of the swing cycles depends on the selected setting, which determines a sequence number of the operation cycle. This setting automatically sets the operation algorithm of the device. If the cycle number has been set equal to 1 , then the automatic device operates according to the first algorithm
without full rotation . If the cycle number has been set 2 to 9 , then it means that the second algorithm with setting an operation cycle number has been selected.
4.3. The operation and blocking algorithm characteristic of the angle measuring element in the first swing cycle
4.3.1 The operation and blocking algorithm characteristic of the angle measuring element is shown on Fig. 4.1.
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Fig. 4.1.
4.3.2. The algorithms use the following settings:
trip1 - the operation setting for stage 1 of the main zone of the angle measuring element;
trip2 - the operation setting for stage 2 of the main zone of the angle measuring element;
bloc.main - the setting for blocking the main zone of the angle measuring element, which at the same time is the operation angle setting for the reserve zone;
(d /dt) trip1 - the operation setting for rate of angle change for stage 1 of the main zone (a positive value) for the first output;
(d /dt) trip2 - the operation setting for rate of angle change for stage 1 of the main zone (a positive value) for the second output;
(d /dt) trip3 - the operation setting for rate of angle change for stage 2 of the main zone (a positive value);
(d /dt) trip4 - the operation setting for rate of angle change for the reserve zone (a negative value);
trip .add. - the additional operation setting of the angle measuring element.
4.3.3. Operation conditions for the zones (stages)
4.3.3.1. Operation conditions for stage 1 of the main zone (the first output):
trip1 <
bloc.main, and
(d /dt)trip1 d /dt < (d /dt)max and
d /dt > 0 and for stage 2 of the main zone the angle measuring element is in non-operated position.
4.3.3.2. Operation conditions for stage 1 of the main zone (the second output):
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trip1 <
bloc.main
and
(d /dt) trip2
d /dt < (d /dt)max
and
d /dt > 0
and for stage 2 of the main zone, the angle measuring element is in non-operated position.
4.3.3.3. Reset conditions for stage 1 of the main zone (the first output):
trip1 or > bloc.main
or
d /dt < 0 or (d /dt) < (d /dt) trip1 or
d /dt
d /dtmax
If (d /dt) < d /dttrip2, then this ensures the reset of the stage 1 relays (the second output).
4.3.3.4. Operation conditions for stage 2 of the main zone:
trip2<
bloc.main
and
(d /dt) trip3 d /dt < d /dtmax and
d /dt > 0.
4.3.3.5. Reset conditions for stage 2 of the main zone:
trip2 or > bloc.main
or
d /dt < 0 or (d /dt) < d /dttrip3 or
d /dt d /dtmax
4.3.3.6. Operation conditions for the reserve zone:
trip1 <
bloc.main
and
(d /dt) trip4. d /dt (d /dt)max and
d /dt < 0. and before that, the additional angle measuring element has been operated.
4.3.3.7. Reset conditions for the reserve zone:
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. > bloc.main or trip1,
or
d /dt > 0 or (d /dt) < (d /dt) trip4
or
d /dt d /dtmax
4.3.4. Algorithms and program operation at frequency changes
The algorithms and the programs ensure the proper operation:
at the maximum 2U and 1U frequency difference of up to 5 Hz;
at the minimum frequency that is not lower than 47,5 Hz;
at the maximum frequency that is not higher than 52,5 Hz;
in all cases, if the maximum distance to the center of electric oscillations does not exceed the values of settings ZK1 and ZK2 in the asynchronous run mode;
if any of the simulated voltages ( 2U or 1U ) is in the center of electric oscillations or close to it, non-operation of the device is allowed at voltage lower than 0,04 Unom.
4.3.5. Angle increase (decrease) using conditions
The algorithms and the programs ensure the following angle increase (decrease) using conditions:
A possibility of setting a number of angle increase (decrease) limitations, between
which an operation border zone is formed. The operation border zone d /dt max
is an invariable setting for all stages, but d /dt min is different for each stage of the setting:
d /dt min d /dt act d /dt max
If the algorithm operates in the main zone, then a positive angle increase will be used, which is greater than the setting. If the algorithm operates in the reserve zone, then a negative angle increase (decrease) will be used, which is greater than the setting, keeping the settings of the border zone values.
4.3.6. Zone selection conditions . 4.3.6.1. Conditions for operation in the main zone:
The simulated voltage vector 2Ukz rotates counter-clockwise (in relation to the simulated
voltage vector 1Ukz ).
When reaching the operation setting for stage 1 of the angle measuring element, the following two possibilities are provided: one possibility at a high rate of change of the positive angle, which has an effect on transit interruption in order to eliminate the asynchronous mode, and the second possibility at a low rate of change of the positive angle, which has an effect on disconnection of consumers, starting up of hydrogenerators and forcing of their voltage regulators operation in order to prevent the asynchronous mode over
12
the transit power transmission, i.e. to prevent the loss of stability.
When reaching the operation setting for stage 1 of the angle measuring element, a possibility is provided to use or not to use the rate of change of the positive angle, which differs from the used rates of change for stage 1. For coming into action of stage 2 for interruption of transit, the monitoring of stage 1 operation of the angle measuring element is provided, without monitoring the rate of angle change. It means that stage 2 of the angle measuring element can only operate provided that stage 1 of the angle measuring element has operated before that.
4.3.6.2. Conditions for operation in the reserve zone:
The simulated voltage vector 2Ukz rotates clockwise (in relation to the simulated voltage
vector 1Ukz ).
To ensure the operation of the device in the reserve zone, an additional angle measuring
element is used, which operates within the angle range from add trip to bloc..main.
If the additional angle measuring element comes into action followed by the operation of stage 2 of the angle measuring element with a negative rate of angle change, then the operation of the device in the reserve zone, which influences the interruption of transit, follows after that.
4.4. The operation algorithm characteristic of the automatic device in the n th swing cycle
The operation algorithm characteristic of the angle measuring element is shown on Fig. 4.2.
For algorithm operation, we need only the setting 1 and the time between the cycles. When the asynchronous mode develops, the simulated voltage vectors start to diverge, the device follows up the movement of Uzk2 in relation to Uzk1. The vector can move both in a positive and in a negative direction. It means that the staring point of a new cycle will be the displacement of this vector beyond the angle 1 or 1. When the vector crosses this point for the first time, a cycle counter will be started
this will be the first cycle. A timer is started simultaneously. The vector continues its movement, crosses the mark 180? (or 180?), then the mark 360? (or 360?), and just as it crosses the mark 1 (or 1) again, the cycle counter will increase by 1 . During the movement of the vector, the content of the timer is constantly checked.
13
Fig. 4.2.
If the full rotation angle has not been reached yet, but the time on the timer exceeds the preset time value, the cycle counter will be reset, and when crossing the mark 1 (or 1), the counting of cycles begins over again. If the time on the timer is less than the preset time, the cycle counter increases by a unit and becomes equal to the operation setting, i.e. the operation cycle number. If these values are equal, the output relay closes for the impulse time, and the signal relay of the device operation closes
also for the impulse time. A notice is displayed on
the indicator, and the corresponding light-emitting diode begins lighting. If during the movement of the vector the direction of its movement suddenly changes,
then the cycle counter and the timer will be reset to zero. According to this algorithm, the oscillograph record starts immediately after starting the
cycle counter. The previous and current angles, the cycle counters in positive and negative directions as
well as the content of the timers are sent to the oscillograph record. If the angle between the vectors jumps into the angle operation zone, this is not
considered to be the cycle start. It is necessary that the vector would gradually cross the mark 1 or 1.
4.5. Blockings
4.5.1. Blocking at low currents takes place, if: I1 < I min (from 0,2 to Inom.).
4.5.2. Blocking at high currents takes place, if: I1 > I max (from Inom. to 10 Inom),
where I1
positive-sequence current; I min, I max device settings according to the values of current.
4.5.3. Voltage is monitored, using:
Monitoring of contacts position of the voltage-circuit automatic breaker. A contact of the automatic breaker blocks angle computations.
Short-time appearance of unsymmetry at the moment of action of the voltage-circuit automatic breaker. If only for a short time the following condition is fulfilled:
Ku U2 > U1,
then a circuit fault will be registered, and the automatic device AGNA will be blocked until the voltage values are restored. This fact (restoration of voltage values) will be fixed, if the following condition is fulfilled:
U1 > 0,7 Unom.
4.5.4. Monitoring of the incomplete phase mode or the unsymmetrical mode for currents and voltages is provided (to ensure blocking of the device in case of unsymmetrical short circuits). The following conditions are checked:
Ku U2 > U1 ; Ki I2 > I1 .
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If only one of these conditions is fulfilled, the unsymmetrical mode will be defined, and angle
computations and output circuits will be blocked.
4.5.5. A three-phase short circuit can be detected, if the parameter (d /dt) reaches
the set value for a short time: d /dt
d /dt.max. So, to ensure the blocking until cutting
off the short circuit, a fixing (sticking) principle is used. If d /dt
d /dt.max. and at least
one of the following conditions is fixed for 20 ms: U1 < Ubl.3f
or I1 > Ibl.3f,
the automatic device AGNA will be blocked.
Unblocking will take place, if the following conditions are fulfilled:
U1 > Ubl.3f and I1 Ibl.3f .
The following settings are used for the blocking:
Ubl.3f voltage value setting, which can be changed within the range 0 1,5 Unom;
Ibl.3f current value setting, which can be changed within the range 0 2,5 Inom.
All variants of the blocking reset time can be assigned by the setting No.x027 Treset.
5. Output Relays
A list of output relays and their functions is presented in Table 5.1. Each output relay is provided with an internal program hysteresis , which means that the relay can change its state (operated - > reset, reset - > operated) only if the previous state before a new command has lasted for not less than 50 ms.
Each relay has one closing (normally open) contact. The signal relay BO17 has one opening (normally closed) contact, which is open during the normal operating mode of the device and closes in case there is no auxiliary power supply to the device as well as in case of the internal fault of the device. Then the built-in indicator of the device shows a notice about the unit fault.
Output relays of the device Table 5.1.
No.
Designation Function
1 BO1 Output relay 1 of stage 1 of the main zone 2 BO2 Output relay 2 of stage 1 of the main zone 3 BO3 Stage 2 relay of the main zone 4 BO4 Relay of the reserve zone 5 BO5 Operation of the automatic device AGNA according to the cycle algorithm 6 BO6 Signal about operation of the automatic device AGNA 7 BO10 Blocking signal relay 8 BO11 Voltage circuit fault signal relay, trip of voltage-circuit automatic breaker 9 BO17 Fault of auxiliary power supply circuits or fault of the device
The contacts of the relays BO1, BO2, BO3, BO4 remain in the operated position as long as the operation conditions exist plus for the time interval that is assigned by the setting
15
No.x028-No. x031 (reset time). BO5
a pulse command, the impulse duration is assigned by the setting No.x032.
BO6
a pulse command, the impulse duration is assigned by the setting No.x033.
The operate lag for the relay BO10 is assigned by the setting No.x034, the contacts remain in the operated position as long as the operation conditions persist. The relay operates and is reset without time delay. The operate lag for the relay BO11 is assigned by the setting No.x035. The contact remains in the operated position as long as the operation conditions persist. The relay operates and is reset without time delay.
6. Logical Input Signals
A list of discrete input signals and their functions is presented in Table 6.1. The discrete (binary) input is activated by supplying direct voltage to the corresponding binary input BI . Each of four binary inputs has a common minus (see the diagram of external connections). Each binary input is provided with software protection against vibration , which means that a new logical input will be accepted, if this state is kept for at least 5 ms.
Binary inputs Table 6.1.
No. Designation
Function
1 BI 10 Settings group
2 BI 11 Settings group
3 BI 12 Blocking of possible changes of the settings
4 BI 15 Fault of voltage-circuit automatic breaker (normally, the circuit
protection contact of automatic breaker is used: trip of automatic breaker corresponds to BI15=1 )
5 BI 16 Synchronizing with external synchroimpulses
7. Control Panel
7.1. Device settings
The device is provided with 4 groups of settings Settings Group No.(1-4) as well as with all settings that are common for all groups
General Settings . The active group of settings can be selected by means of the external discrete signals BI10 and BI11 according to Table 7.1.
Selection of the active groups of settings Table 7.1.
Discrete signal state (1- active, 0- inactive) Number of the active group of
settings discrete signal BI11
discrete signal BI10
Group No.1 0 0 Group No.2 0 1 Group No.3 1 0 Group No.4 1 1
The following numbers have been assigned to the settings: Settings group 1 : settings No. (1001-1035); Settings group 2 : settings No. (2001-2035);
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Settings group 3 : settings No. (3001-3035); Settings group 4 : settings No. (4001-4035); General settings : settings No. (5001-5005).
The settings with names, allowed limits and designations on the indicator are shown in Table 11.1. The settings can be viewed, changed and recorded from a personal computer (by means of the program Remilink ) or by means of the device control pushbuttons in the Settings mode. When entering the Settings mode, it is necessary to press the pushbutton U , and the indicator shows information about the type and the factory number of the device: AGNA N.XXX, and the ordinal number of the device in the communication loop: on line N.XX.
Breakdown automation AGNA No.xxx on line No.xx
*************** xx-xx-xx xx:xx:xx Yr Mn Dt Time
*************** Settings group No.1
Setting No.:(1001-1035)
gr.1 AGNA= +
U - Settings S - Monitor < - Events
U
U
'Zk1' setting gr.1 Setting No.: 001 Rk1 = +XXX,X
S
Zk1' setting gr.1 Setting No.: 001 Rk1 = +AXX,X
Segment activation the active segment is blinking
*************** General settings
Setting No.:(5001-5005)
*************** Password = 000
'Zk1' setting gr.1 Setting No.: 002 Xk1 = -XXX,X
'Blocking' setting gr.1 Setting No.: 016 Blocking = active
Change of segment value
U
Approval of new value of setting
Entering the Settings mode
Exit from the settings mode
Device type, factory number, ordinal number in communication loop
Current time
17
In the Settings mode, the control pushbuttons fulfill the following functions:
Pushbutton U:
Selection of the required object to be viewed/edited; Confirmation of the new value of setting, if this setting is changed; Pushbutton S:
Activation of the next segment of the indicator the active segment is blinking; Pushbuttons / :
Moving downward / upward the list of objects; Moving downward / upward the settings of the selected group; Increase / decrease of the value in the active segment of the indicator.
If the buttons / are held in the pressed condition for a long time, then movement or change of the value is done automatically in the accelerated mode. If when changing the setting, its value is outside the allowed limits, the message Value NOT Correct !!! is shown on the indicator. In order that new values of settings could be recorded in the permanent memory, the password Password = 965 should be entered, and after that the pushbuttons U and should be pressed.
7.2. Display of information on the device indicator
In the normal operating mode (the duty mode), the following information is displayed on the built-in indicator:
The current status of the automation equipment and the current active group of settings;
gr.1 the first group of settings is active; AGNA = +
AGNA is active ( + ), is blocked ( - ); U
Settings
to enter the Settings mode, press the pushbutton U ; S Monitor
to enter the Monitor mode, press the pushbutton S ; < Events
to enter Events mode, press the pushbutton ;
The testing results of the main units of the device;
_X_X_X_X_X_X_ designation of the found error;
The last three reasons for the operation of the automation devices;
gr.1 AGNA = +
U - Settings S - Monitor < - Events
gr.1 AGNA = +
*********************** WARNING !!! _X_X_X_X_X_X_ Error
gr.1 AGNA = +
Main zone stage 1 output 1 Main zone stage 1 output 2
Main zone stage 2
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The information about the reasons for the operation of the automation devices can be erased from the indicator by pressing the pushbutton .
The LED information can be erased by pressing the pushbutton .
In the Monitor mode, the current values of the analogue and computed signals that are to be monitored as well as the states of the external discrete signals are displayed on the indicator:
The analogue signals to be monitored: Iazk1, Ibzk1, Iczk1, Iazk2, Ua, Ub, Uc and the simulated voltages Uzk1, Uzk2 as well as the angle between them computed according to the AGNA algorithm:
Current and voltage angles are measured in relation to the voltage Ua angle, which is accepted equal to zero degrees ( 0 deg ).
The states of the external discrete signals and commands:
To enter the Monitor mode, the pushbutton S should be pressed. For viewing the next / previous parameter, the pushbuttons / should be pressed.
If the value of the parameter exceeds the allowed limits of indications, the following symbols are displayed on the indicator:
Iazk1= _,___ kA ___ deg Ibzk1= _,___ kA ___ deg Iczk1= _,___ kA ___ deg Iazk2= _,___ kA ___ deg
Active Set. group =_ Set.change block. =_ Voltage switch. =_
Iazk1= _,___ kA ___ deg Ibzk1= _,___ kA ___ deg Iczk1= _,___ kA ___ deg Iazk2= _,___ kA ___ deg
S
Ua= _,___ kV ___ deg Ub= _,___ kV ___ deg Uc= _,___ kV ___ deg
Ia= >,>>> kA >>> deg
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The events viewing mode
Events
enables to view the last 7 events, which have
been stored in the device memory. The information about the computation results of the distance to fault location is also available. The list of events recorded by the device is shown in Table 7.2.
To enter the events viewing mode, the pushbutton should be pressed.
To choose one of the events, the pushbutton U should be pressed. The chosen event
can be viewed by means of the pushbutton / . End of the viewed event can be indicated with the following message: End of Event . Transition to the next event can be effected by pressing the pushbutton / .
The device automatically goes out of the Monitor and Events mode, if none of the control pushbuttons is pressed within 5 min time.
gr.1 AGNA = +
U - Settings S - Monitor < - Events
Time of Event: Event No.7:
04-02 14:10:43 'U' to be viewed
Main zone stage 1 output 1 Main zone stage 1 output 2
Main zone stage 2 Blocking kI2>kI1
U
Blocking
kU2>kU1
End of Event End of Event
Time of Event: Event No.6:
04-01 10:10:46 'U' to be viewed
Time of Event: Event No.1:
04-01 03:59:46 'U' to be viewed
20
Event messages on the indicator
Table 7.2.
Text on the indicator Explanation
1 2 Main zone 1. stage OUT 1 Operation of stage 1 output 1 of the main zone Main zone 1. stage OUT 2 Operation of stage 1 output 2 of the main zone Main zone 2. stage Operation of stage 2 of the main zone Reserve zone Operation of the reserve zone Blocking kU2>kU1 Blocking according to U2 Voltage switch OFF Trip of voltage-circuit automatic breaker Blocking kI2>kI1 Blocking according to I2 Blocking I1>Imax Blocking according to Imax (df/dt) >(df/dt)max Blocking after three-phase short circuit AGNA _.cycle trip AGNA operation according to cycle algorithm Settings Change Change of settings 'AGNA' Power OFF!!! Removal of auxiliary voltage Force start Forced start-up 'AGNA' Power ON Supply of auxiliary voltage
8. Digital Oscillograph Function
The device has an integrated emergency process recording function. Oscillograph records are stored in the non-volatile memory of the device; they can be sent to a personal computer by means of the program Remilink and viewed by means of the program Smoky . An oscillograph record includes: the analogue signals, the states of input discrete signals, the control commands for output relays, as well as the states of starting elements and internal commands of the automation equipment.
An oscillograph record is started after the operation of an angle measuring element of any automation equipment or in case of appearance of any blocking condition (except the blocking at low current values).
An oscillograph record can be started by means of a command from a personal computer or by means of the device control pushbutton (by pressing the pushbuttons / simultaneously).
The time interval for recording the pre-emergency mode oscillogram is set by means of the setting Tpre . Recording of the emergency mode is interrupted when the starting condition has disappeared. The setting Trecmax determines the maximal time of recording the emergency mode. If the starting conditions have not finished yet, after the time period Trecmaks another oscillogram record of the same emergency will be started, thus dividing a
long emergency record into several oscillogram records.
When recording an oscillogram, the data are compressed. The compression degree is determined by the setting Compression .
21
Digital oscillograph settings:
Group of settings
Common Settings
Number of setting Designation of setting Range of setting Increment
Setting No.: 5003 T pre = ___ ms 50 250 1 Setting No.: 5004 T recmax = __,_s 1,0 30,0 0,1 Setting No.: 5005 Compression = __ % 0 10 1
The oscillograph record memory can be cleared in the settings mode by entering the password Password = 020 . As a result, all the events will be also deleted.
9. Real-time Clock, Synchronization
The device is equipped with a real-time clock with a manual and automatic correction possibility as well as with a possibility to synchronize the clock from the external signal: the device reacts to the synchroimpulse only within the time interval, beginning from 55 s of the current minute and finishing with 05 s of the next minute. Besides:
if the synchroimpulse comes within the time interval 55 s
00 s , seconds and milliseconds of the timer are reset to 0 and one minute is added (before synchronization, the timer was slow);
if the synchroimpulse comes within the time interval 00 s
05 s , seconds and milliseconds of the timer are reset to 0 , but one minute is not added (before synchronization, the timer was in advance).
10. Data Exchange with a Personal Computer
The device is furnished with the standard asynchronous interface RS232 and with the corresponding software, which enables the data exchange between the device and a personal computer both directly and by telephone communication channels. The data exchange between the device and a personal computer is provided by means of the program Remilink .
A three-core shielded cable is used for the communication channel. If several devices are to be connected to one personal computer / modem, each device shall have its own number (address) in the communication loop. The device number in the communication loop can be indicated by entering the settings mode: on line N.XX. This number can be changed using the control pushbuttons and recorded after entering the password Password = 965. The diagrams of connecting the device and a personal computer / modem to the communication channel are shown on Fig. 10.1 and 10.2. The maximum length of the shielded cable between the device and a personal computer / modem or between two devices shall not exceed 200 m. It is not recommended to place this connecting cable in a common duct with the power cables.
22
Fig. 10.1. Variant 1 of diagram of connecting the communication channels.
Fig. 10.2. Variant 2 of diagram of connecting the communication channels.
PC REDI REMI LIDA
AGNA
DB-25
2
3
7
X2
3
2
5
PC REDI REMI LIDA
AGNA
DB-9
3
2
5
X2
3
2
5
MODEM REDI REMI LIDA
AGNA
DB-25
2
3
7
X2
2
3
5
MODEM REDI REMI LIDA
AGNA
DB-25
3
2
7
X2
3
2
5
REDI REMI LIDA
AGNA
X2
3
2
5
23
11. Table of Settings for the Asynchronous Run Prevention Automatic Device
AGNA
Table 11.1.
Indication Name Unit Range Increment 1 2 3 4 5
x001 Rk1=(±)___,_ Zk1=Rk1+jXk1
Compensation resistance - Zk1=Rk1+jXk1
-150,0 ÷
150,0 0, 1
x002 Xk1=(±)___,_ Zk1=Rk1+jXk1
Compensation reactance - Zk1=Rk1+jXk1
-150,0 ÷ 150,0
0, 1
x003 Rk2=(±)___,_ Zk2=Rk2+jXk2
Compensation resistance - Zk2=Rk2+jXk2
-150,0 ÷ 150,0
0, 1
x004 Xk2=(±)___,_ Zk2=Rk2+jXk2
Compensation reactance - Zk2=Rk2+jXk2
-150,0 ÷ 150,0
0, 1
x005 trip1=___
Main zone, first stage trip angle
deg 0 ÷ 180 1
x006 trip2=___ Main zone, second stage trip angle
deg 0 ÷ 180 1
x007 bloc.main =___
Main zone release angle / Backup zone trip angle
deg 0 ÷ 180 1
x008 trip add =___
Checkup zone trigger angle deg 180 ÷ 360 1
x009 (d /dt)trip1 =____
Main zone, first stage angle's change speed for BO1
deg /s 0 ÷ 2000 1
x010 (d /dt) trip2 =____
Main zone, first stage angle's change speed for BO2
deg /s 0 ÷ 2000 1
x011 (d /dt)trip3 =____
Main zone, second stage angle's change speed
deg /s 0 ÷ 2000 1
x012 (d /dt)trip4 =____
Backup zone angle's change speed
deg /s 0 ÷ 2000 1
x013 (d /dt) max =____
Maximal allowed angle's change speed
deg /s 0 ÷ 2000 1
x014 Swing cycle __ Swing cycle - 1 ÷ 9 1
x015 Trip time =__ Maximal allowed time between swing cycles
s 0,0÷ 60,0 0,1
x016 Blocking kU2>U1=__________
Blocking function activating - active÷ inactive
-
x017 Ku=__,_ Ku*U2 > U1 - 0,0 - 10,0 0, 1 x019 Blocking kI2>I1=___________
Blocking function activating - active÷ inactive
-
x019 Ki=__,_ Ki*I2 > I1 - 0,0 ÷ 20,0 0, 1
x0209 Blocking I1<Imin=_____________
Blocking function activating - active÷ inactive
-
x021 Imin=__,__ Blocking condition: minimal allowed current
Imin/Inom
0,02 ÷ 10,00 0,01
x022 Blocking Blocking function activating - active÷ -
24
I1>Imax=____________ inactive
1 2 3 4 5 x023 Imax=__,__ Blocking condition: maximal
allowed current Imax/In
om 0,00 ÷ 10,00 0,01
x024 Blocking d /dtmax=_______
Blocking function activating - active÷
inactive -
x025 Ubl.3f =_,__ Voltage setting for blocking on symmetrical fault Ubl.3f/
Unom
0,00 ÷ 1,50 0,01
x026 Ibl.3f =_,__ Current setting for blocking on symmetrical fault Ibl.3f/I
nom
0,00 ÷ 2,50 0,01
x027 Treset=_,__ Deblocking time s
0,00÷ 1,00 0,01
x028 BO1 Treset =_,__ BO1 release time after trip s 0,05÷ 9,99 0,01 x029 BO2 Treset =_,__ BO2 release time after trip s 0,05÷ 9,99 0,01 x030 BO3 Treset =_,__ BO1 release time after trip s 0,05÷ 9,99 0,01 x031 BO4 Treset =_,__ BO1 release time after trip s 0,05÷ 9,99 0,01 x032 BO5 Tpulse =_,__ BO5 pulse time s 0,05÷ 9,99 0,01
x033 BO6 Tpulse =_,__ BO6 pulse time s 0,05÷ 9,99 0,01
x034 BO10 Ttrip =_,__ BO10 trip time s 0,05÷ 9,99 0,01
x035 BO11 Ttrip =_,__ BO11 trip time s 0,05÷ 9,99 0,01
Common Settings
5001 I line = _,___ kA
Line nominal current kA 0,000 ÷ 4,000
0,001
5002 U line = ___kV
Line nominal voltage kV 0 ÷ 330 1
5003 T pre = ___ ms
Prefault record time ms 50 ÷ 250 1
5004 T recmax = __,_s
Fault record time s 1,0 ÷ 30,0 0,1
5005 Compression = __ %
Data compression range % 0 ÷ 10 1