astronomy contents of the universe we live in the solar system. earth orbits the sun every yr in...
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AstronomyContents of the universe
We live in the solar system. Earth orbits the sun every yr in
elliptical orbit.Distance Earth to sun 1 AU
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Birth of the Solar SystemSolar system born ~4.5 BYA
2 min
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qfdDWdZcpOw
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Our Solar Systemplanets/moons/asteriods
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Asteroid Belt mars-Jupiter
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Icy Comets-All orbit the sun
-very elliptical orbits
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Solar system is part of the milky way galaxy. Orion Arm.
The galaxy revolves around black hole. Sun revolution ~ 250 million y.
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Galaxies –large aggregates of stars, gas, & dust containing ~ 100 billion (1011) stars ranging in diameter from 1,500 to 300,000 light-years across. Orbit central point. Av distance btw stars 10 ly.
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Stars can form stellar clusters w/i galaxies – smaller groups of stars held by gravity. ~ 1000’s of stars.
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Constellations – star groups not necessarily near each other.
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Galaxies form groups too.Galactic Clusters
• Nearest cluster = Virgo cluster
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It’s a long way btw stars.Use Light Years LY Calculate the d light travels in 1 yr.
1 LY = 9.46 x 10 15 m.
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Relative DistancesUniverse ~1.5 x 1026 m
15 Billion LY
Between galactic clusters ~10 8 LY
Betw galaxies ~106 LY
Local group (20 gal) 2 x 106 LYradius
Milky Way 105 LY dia, 104 LY thick10 LY btw stars
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Powers of 10 Film
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tnhken4_-A0
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Earth’s Rotation makes stars appear to rotate on fixed
sphere.
Rotation is around Polaris on 24 h cycle.
Sun/planets wander through stellar backdrop.
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From Earth Stars Appear to be embedded in sphere.
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Stars rotate around Polaris24 hr cycle rise east set west
Stars appear fixed on sphere relative to each other.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JCr_Pz4h2Bw
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Planetary Motion Wanderer & Retrograde
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Hwk Sheet: Intro to Astrophysics