ASSIGNMENT COVER PAGEQUESTION PAPERYOUR OWN COVER PAGE(OPTIONAL)

Table of Contents

SECTION A3A1. Types of leadership styles3Meaning of leadership3Types of leadership3A2. Qualities of a successful leader5Qualities of a successful leader5A3. Importance of leadership in developing organizations8Importance of leadership8A4.What is meant by a team or a group.10Roles of a group Leader11A5.Difference between team & group and its influence in organizational activities13Influence of team and group13Difference of team and group14Different types or group and teams14Reference16

SECTION AA1. Types of leadership styles

Meaning of leadership

Leadership is a capability, meaning a leader has an aptitude to do something through talent and skill. Talent is natural ability and skill is proficiency gained through training and experience. There are many people whose does not have leadership ability but through training and experience had become great leaders. Leadership is adaptive, meaning that the leader will make adjustments. A leader who fails to adjust will lose. Leadership empowers, inspires confidence and self-esteem. Some leaders inspire by talks and by being role models. Leadership acts on peoples feelings by finding ways to link to peoples instinct or intuition and make people feel empowered. Leadership creates involvement, which means every member gives something. Sometimes sharing an idea or may be holding an idea in reserve and allowing someone else to arrive at the same idea and share it. Leadership is about solving the problems, which means closing the gap between what is expected and actual outcome.

Types of leadership

The total pattern of leaders actions as perceived by their employees is called leadership style. It represents the leaders philosophy, skills and attitudes in practice.

It is necessary to study the different leadership styles from which an appropriate style can be selected, depending upon the situation in which leadership is to be exercised and the nature of the followers involved.

1. Authoritarian/Autocratic Leadership:

Autocratic leadership, also known as authoritarian leadership, is a leadership style characterized by individual control over all choices and very little input from others. Autocratic leaders typically make choices based on their own ideas and judgments and seldom accept advice from others. Autocratic leadership involves absolute, authoritarian. In this type of leadership, only the leader is involved in making policies and plans. He dominates all employees, gives orders and expects immediate acceptance.

2. Democratic Leadership:

In this case, the leader encourages all the employees to accept responsibility. All policies are decided by the entire group with the help of their leader. The techniques, methods and activities are determined by group decisions with maximum participation from each employee. The democratic leadership style is a very open and shared style of running a team. Ideas move freely amongst the group and are discussed openly. Everyone is given a chance and discussion is relatively free flowing. The democratic leader encourages and reinforces productive relationships.

3. Laissez-faire Leadership:

Laissez-faire literally means Let (people) do or make (what they choose) or no leadership. A non-authoritarian leadership style. Laissez faire leaders try to give the least possible guidance to subordinates, and try to achieve control through less obvious means. They believe that people will develop when they are left alone to respond to their responsibilities and obligations in their own ways.In this type of leadership, the leader is a name only. He keeps busy with other works and keeps away from his employees. He sets no goals and no decisions. Employees are free to make their own decisions. Sometimes organization headed by such a leader is unstable and has a low output.

References(2015). Retrieved from www.forbes.com: http://www.forbes.com/sites/tanyaprive/2012/12/19/top-10-qualities-that-make-a-great-leader/(2015). Retrieved from www.leadership-toolbox.com: http://www.leadership-toolbox.com/democratic-leadership-style.html(2015). Retrieved from www.businessdictionary.com: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/laissez-faire-leadership.html

A2. Qualities of a successful leader

IntroductionWhether a person is born a leader, or develops skills and abilities to become a leader is open for argument. Some clear characteristics are found in good leaders. These qualities can be developed or may be naturally part of their personality. To be a successful leader there should be some qualities, which make them, stand out from the rest. Every leader should possess certain qualities in order to be able to go forward with his or her abilities to lead and make a change.

Qualities of a successful leader

IA leader needs to be reliable and be known to live their life with honestly and integrity. It is true that a good leader walks the talk and in doing so receives the right to have responsibility for others. A good leader is passionate about their work or cause and about their role as leader. People will respond more openly to a person of passion and dedication. Leaders need to be able to be a source of inspiration, and be a motivator towards the required action or cause. A good leader is self-confident. In order to lead and set direction a leader needs to appear confident as a person and in the leadership role. A leader who expresses confidence towards the anticipated objective inspires the best effort from team members. A leader also needs to behave in an orderly and determined manner in situations of uncertainty. People look to the leader during times of uncertainty and unfamiliarity and find encouragement and security.A good leader will think analytically. Not only does a good leader view a situation as a whole, but is able to breakdown into sub parts for closer review. Not only is the goal in view but a good leader can break it down into manageable stages and make progress towards it. A good leader is committed to excellence. The good leader not only maintains high standards, but also is practical in raising the standard in order to achieve excellence in all areas.Some of the most important qualities are:HonestyThe basis of any relationship, both personal and professional, honesty in leadership is honesty.CommunicationWithout clear communication, your employees will not understand the mission, goals, and vision.ConfidenceWhen things fail, people look for the answers and judge the situation based upon the leaders reaction.InspirationIt is important to get people invested in the vision and future by leaders.PositivityIrrespective of the situation, leaders always stay positive. It is important to look at the good side of things and encourage people to do so.CommitmentLeaders stay firm with commitment until they achieve their desired results. Showing commitment sets the example for others to follow, and leads to greater loyalty and respect for the leader.CreativityLeaders have to be make quick decisions, and catch people by surprise.IntuitionSometimes leaders are presented with situations that are not learned earlier. Therefore, leaders have to draw upon their instincts, past experiences, and mentors for assistance in these complex situations.

References

(2015). Retrieved from http://www.groco.com/readingroom/bus_goodleader.aspx(2015). Retrieved from http://info.profilesinternational.com/profiles-employee-assessment-blog/bid/204911/Top-10-Qualities-of-Great-Leadership-Do-You-Have-What-it-Takes

A3. Importance of leadership in developing organizations

Introduction

The importance of leadership in management cannot be overstressed. To get things done by people, management must supply leadership in the organization. Teamwork is essential for recognizing organizational goals. Managers must influence the team for work accomplishment through leadership. Good leadership is essential to various groups and organizations that shape the way we live, work and play. Leadership is an important aspect for making an organization successful. Leadership transforms potential into certainty.If organizations cannot make available leadership, people will be enforced to rely on informal leadership. Lastly, management is transformed into a social process through leadership action. It is the collective skill of leadership, which achieves organizational goals by applying the potential of the people. The leader must be a role model and a hero.

Importance of leadership

Leadership is a vital function of organization, which helps to exploit efficiency and to achieve organizational goals.

The following facts justify the importance of leadership for any organization.InitiationLeader is a person who starts the work by communicating the policies and plans to the subordinates from where the work actually starts.MotivationA leader motivates the employees with economic and non-economic rewards and thus gets the work done from the subordinates.GuidanceA leader has to not only supervise but also guide subordinates. Guidance is providing instructions to subordinates so that they will know the way they have to perform their work effectively and efficiently.Create confidenceConfidence is an essential factor, which can be attained through expressing the efforts to the subordinates, explaining them clearly their role and giving them guidelines to achieve the goals effectively.Improving moraleA leader can be a morale booster by achieving full co-operation so that they perform with best of their abilities as they work to achieve goals.Provide good environmentManagement is getting things done from people. An efficient work environment helps in sound and stable growth. CoordinationCo-ordination can be attained through reconciling personal interests with organizational goals. This can be achieved through proper and effective coordination that should be one of the main motive of a leader.Clear vision: Having a clear vision and communicating it effectively provides employees with an understanding of the organizational direction and allows them to understand their roles and responsibilities.Effective planning: A complete planning process also provides the opportunity for people to identify, contribute to, and achieve objectives.Inspiration and motivation: The commitment and eagerness of a business leader forms the common goals of the organization Importance of Leadership and provides inspiration and motivation for people to perform at a great level.

A4.What is meant by a team or a group.

Introduction

A team leader is a person who provides direction, instructions and guidance to a group of individuals, who can also be known as a team, for achieving a certain goal. An effective leader will know his or her team members strengths, weaknesses and motivations. Team or group leaders has various roles in an organization. Their job is to get tasks done by using all of the resources available to them, including other employees or team members. The overall responsibility of a team or group leader can be developing a plan the team will use to reach its goals. Leaders will communicate clear instructions and listens to team members' feedback. At the same time, they will monitor team members' participation to ensure that things are going as per plan. They also manage the flow of day-to-day operations in order to make sure, if things are going according to organizational objectives.

Roles of a group Leader

Any group or a team leader has to have certain roles and responsibilities, this is to ensure for the smooth operation of the planned tasks.Some of the responsibilities of a group leader cab e as follows;Leadership. The leader works with the team and set the key goals and major objectives. Leader maintain focus and provide clear direction to team members. The leader will clarify the roles and responsibilities of team members. A good leader actively asks input from team members. Decision Making.Leader should include the team in formulating decisions but should accept accountability for the decision. Provide an honest assessment of the project relative to current and future costKnowledge. The leader should have enough knowledge of the tasks to be carried out, and he or she should be very through with information and knowledge.Planning. Leader should be responsible for developing a project plan that works to achieve the goal. The leader should revise the plan whenever necessary.Influencing. Making sure all team members support the project. The leader should be able to influence the people and tasks so that the desired goal can be achieved.Negotiation. Leaders may need to interact directly with team members to ensure resources are available when needed, and to negotiate adjustments to the plan especially those critical areas.Meeting Management. Leader is responsible for organizing, facilitating and ensuring follow-up action on issues raised in the meeting. When required, team leader can organize meeting to discuss issues and rule out corrective actions.Communication. Keep team members and everyone involved are informed of key developments. Provide timely reporting of any business project to top management. Provide relevant information to legal or regulatory groups as required.CommitmentA leader should facilitate and should make sure team members are committed to their responsibilities and roles. Commitment refers to team members acceptance and how they are attached to the group's goals.Conflict managementOn a group level (within the same group) - conflict occurs when leaders apply uniformity and punish those who do not conform to the group's norms. This unreasonable thinking discourages individual thinking, which only causes increased conflict within the group and between other groups.

References(2015). Retrieved from http://www.projectleadersolutions.com/project-program-management-in-biopharmaceutical-rd/roles-of-a-project-team-leader/(2015). Retrieved from http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-team-leader-description-role-responsibilities.html(2015). Retrieved from http://www.angelfire.com/ns/southeasternnurse/GroupDynamicsCulturalDiversity.htmlA5.Difference between team & group and its influence in organizational activities

Introduction

Although teams (groups) have always been a central part of the organizations, they are gaining increasing attention as potentially important organizational asset. Professional people rarely work alone; they work with their coworkers. Accordingly, managers are concerned with creating effective teams that make real contributions to create success of the total organization.The evidence shows that teams typically outperform individuals when the tasks being done require multiple skills, judgment, and experience. As organizations have reorganized themselves to compete more effectively and efficiently, they have turned to teams or groups as a way to better utilize employee talents. Management has identified that teams are more flexible and responsive to changes. Teams have the capability to quickly gather, deploy, refocus, and split.

Influence of team and group

In general, the organizations have resources, namely: man, material, machine, and management. Each organization have people to perform activities in their task and each organizational has variable levels to which an organization provides a team the resources or support it needs to be successful (Doolen, Hacker and Aken, 2006)Teams who share an understanding of goals and means based on group thinking can bring together the team to a common ground and separate those individual views that often drag down team performance, leading to more plans that are effective, ongoing decision-making, and team management.

Difference of team and group

According to Arnold (2015), a group is a collection of people whereas a team is that same collection of people who are working together on a common goal. A group is a collection of individuals who coordinate their individual efforts. On the other hand, at team is a group of people who share a common team purpose and a number of challenging goals. Members of the team are mutually committed to the goals and to each other. This joint commitment also creates combined accountability, which creates a strong bond and a strong motivation to perform.According to Kane (1998), these are some of the examples of a team and a group;Examples of situations where real teams are needed are sports teams or emergency room trauma teams. For both of these, there is an incremental performance need or opportunity, true interdependency and shared accountability. If they are not functioning as real teams, the result will be disastrous. Examples of situations where you often find groups are a functional department in an organization, or clerks in a department store, or waiters in a restaurant. In each one of these groups, there can be similar individual objectives, but a lack of any small group common objective. There is some form of coordination or collaboration, but not necessarily shared accountability or interdependency.

Different types or group and teams

Although some scholars distinguish, work teams and work groups (Katzenbach & Smith, 1993).Groups and Teams does not possess much distinction and use the terms interchangeably.Three different types of work teams: functional, cross-functional and self-directed teams.

Work Teams

Many organizations recognize the benefit of having multiple people working together in a collaborative and cooperative environment to develop and deliver its products. For this reason, the use of work teams has become a routine way of managing organizations. This lesson identifies the different types of work teams commonly found in contemporary organizations, including functional, cross-functional and self-directed teams.

Functional Work Teams

Functional teams are composed of organizational members from several vertical levels of the organizational hierarchy who perform specific organizational functions. Most organizations that have different functional areas are arranged in functional teams regardless of the size of the company.

Cross-Functional Teams

Sometimes teams need to be formed by combining multiple, functional teams into one. These cross-functional teams are composed of experts from various functional areas and work cooperatively towards some organizational goal. Because these members are considered experts of their individual functional area, they are usually empowered to make decisions on their own without needing to consult management.

Self-Directed Work Teams

Perhaps people think that they can do a better job than their managers can. While most people who work in organizations will have little opportunity for a high level of independence, a useful solution to both of these desires can be found in self-directed work teams. However, self-directed does not necessarily mean turning those employees free to do whatever they want in whichever manner they need.

Reference

(2015). Retrieved from http://www.pathways.cu.edu.eg/subpages/training_courses/teams/Chapter1.htm(2015). Retrieved from http://www.myarticlearchive.com/articles/6/144.htm(2015). Retrieved from http://www.bizjournals.com/bizjournals/how-to/growth-strategies/2013/06/the-difference-between-a-group-and-a.html(2015). Retrieved from http://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-work-teams-functional-cross-functional-self-directed.html http://www.freepatentsonline.com/article/International-Journal-Strategic-Management/190700026.htmlDoolen, T. L., Hacker, E. M. and Aken, E. V., 2006. Managing organizational context for engineering team effectiveness. Team Performance Management. 12, 5/6, 138-154.Katzenbach, J. R., & Smith, D. K. (1993). The wisdom of teams: Creating the high performanceorganization. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.