1. Level: GreenBy: Abigail Menzies

2. Part A: Todorov 3. Level : YellowTodorov Task 1These are different conflicts anddisruptions and resolutions fordifferent genres 4. Todorov Task 2 Todorov suggests there are five stages of narrativeStages of narrativeFilm Example: Colombiana EvidenceEquilibriumThe normality of this film isThis is the when Cataleyas father isfirst scene of talking to Don Luisthe filmwhereeverything isnormal andbalancedDisequilibrium The conflict of the Don Luis equilibrium is when Don Luissends gunmen sends hitmen to kill Cataleyas to kill familyCataleyas familyThistraumatizesCataleya as shehears the wholething 5. Cataleya killsRecognition ofYears later Cataleya grows up numerous peopledisequilibriumand gets revenge for the deaththat are related toof her parentsher parents death Cataleya intrudes in OfficerAttempt to repair the Cataleya realises she has noRoss house threatening himdamageother choice but to ask theto give her informationpolice officer for informationthat can help her to stop herparents killersNew equilibrium Cataleya leaves Chicago andrCataleyagets on the bus to start a newwalkinglifeaway 6. Part B: Levi - Strauss Believes that our world is described in binary opposites e.g. good/evil light/day male/female 7. Genre: DramaFilm African American American citizen Explanation citizenThe HelpSophisticatedElegant clothing These two characters areenvironmentconnote wealth opposites as they belong totow different social class andthis differentiationreinforces the idea of statusand hierarchy. This character is a black working This character is a white middle class female classed female She works for the middle classShe hires the working class to do white people in this filmher house work She is the outsider to this white She treats the black working dominant society class as if they are not humans 8. Genre: Horror Film Good (Christian) Evil (Supernatural) Explanation The devilThese two characters are opposites as they emphasize inside the difference between good and evil. The possessed woman is seen as evil so as an audience we will automatically assume the daughter is good and she tries to get her mother exorcised.This character is trying toThis character isfind out whats wrong withpossessed by a demonher motherThis character is thedaughter of the a possessedwoman and wants hermother 9. Genre: ActionFilmHeroVillainExplanationSpidermanSuperheroThis opposition of hero andcostumeThe villain is usually unattractive villain reinforces the idea that2 the young, handsome character is usually loved by the society and is the hero whereas the old, ugly character is usually an outsider and is the villain. This opposition betweenGood good and evil is recognisablelookingin action films This opposition also creates the dominant ideology that This character Peter the hero is suppose to be aParker/Spiderman is the After being the victim of anhandsome, muscular malesuperhero within the film science experiment gone wrong, character. This character tries to Octavius rampages the city asgive up the role of spiderrevengeman but returns after avillain tries to annihilatethe city 10. Genre: Sci-fiFilm Hero Villain ExplanationAvatarThese two characters are oppositesas the first character Jake is thehero of the film who fights for thegood and defeats other. WhereasQuaritch is the villain as he killinnocent lives and only looks outfor himself.This opposition between the heroand villain cause conflict as theirgoals and perspective of life isdifferent to one anotherThis character Quaritch playsthe role of the villain/ bad guy in This character Jake Sully plays the film the role of the hero/ the good guy Quaritchs mission is to obtain a of the filmmineral from the Pandora planet Jake sympathizes with the which is valuable to earth however natives of the Pandora planetinstead of evacuating the natives, and helps to save there home he destroys their homeland planet 11. Genre: ThrillerFilmGood (Innocence)Evil (Violation)ExplanationMemento These characters are oppositesas Lennys purpose within thefilm is to get justice from hiswifes murder. Whereas,Natalie violates Lenny and hisshort term memory to getwhat she wants.This character Lenny is seenThis character Natalie is seen asas the good character of the the evil character of the filmfilm because of his innocencebecause of his violation towardsLenny has short term andLenny and his conditionrelies on pictures and tattoos Natalie uses Lennys short termto solve his wives death. memory to his advantage 12. Part C : BarthesThis theory of codes encourages the audience to seekanswers and clues to make them anticipate the outcomeThere are 5 different codes:Enigma codeAction codeSemantic codeSymbolic codeCultural code 13. Enigma code This is how narrative is set up to puzzle the audience. It basically portrays a mystery andcauses the audience raise questions as a way to intrigue and draw them in. These enigmasdelay the ending /resolution to maintain the audiences interest. Scream 4 is an example of a film with the enigma code as it allows the audience to seekanswers to events that happen in the filmAudience will look for cluesThe mask keep the audience intriguedwithin the film to try andand maintains their interest as theyre find out who the killer isunable to identify the killer Audience will question why is the killer killing people 14. Action code This code shows how certain actions and behaviour within a film cause the audience toassume and expect certain resolutions and consequences Texas Chainsaw Massacre is an example of a film with the action code as the audienceexpect certain consequences such as the death of the character if they visit an old,haunted house. Girl walking up the an old, haunted houseThe audience will assume that thecharacter will die or something bad willhappen as this is a convention used inhorror movies 15. Semantic code Iconographic features in a film have clear connotations and meaning s to an audience. This allows them to identify to know the genre of the film by the characters, props and location. Star Wars: The Revenge of the Sith is an example of a film with the semantic code as the audience is able to identify the films genre which is sci - fi through the semantics in the film. Props such as spaceships are associated with the sci fi genreCharacter suchas aliens androbots areusuallyassociated withthe sci - figenre 16. Symbolic code This code is symbolic features about the oppositions and antithesis is a film e.g. savage andcivilised, light and dark. The Dark Knight is an example of a film with the symbolic code as it shows a cleardistinction between the opposition of good and evil from the characters Batman and theJokerGood EvilThe Joker threatens othersBatman puts his life at risk to savewith weapons such as knives.Rachel . This shows Batman being goodMake upThis creates a clearrather than evil and letting Rachel die.distinction between beinggood and evil. 17. Symbolic code continued Good Evil The superherogThe Joker works alongside mob costumesgang to terrorize the city connotes being good and fighting for justice Batman captures the Joker in the endThe Joker blows upthe hospital andkills innocentpeople 18. Cultural code This code is used to explain how outside of the film, the audience has a commonly sharedknowledge that helps them understand the meaning of the text which is often in referenceto things in the popular cultures and historical events such as 9/11 and other wars The Pursuit of Happiness is an example of a film with the cultural code as the audience ofthis film lives in a time where there has been an increase in the number of homeless peopleon the streets on America so the audience would understand why theres a huge number ofhomeless people in the filmLong line of homeless people for thehomeless shelter 19. Part D : ProppPropp formed the theory that there are seven distinctive charactertypes called spheres of actionThese seven spheres of actions are:HeroDispatcherVillainDonorHelperFalse HeroHeroine 20. Hero This character is on a quest/ mission and is traditionally a male. The role of the hero is torestore the disequilibrium, this is usually done by defeating the villain and winning theheart of the heroine Jake Sully from Avatar is an example of a hero character. This character restore the disequilibrium within the film by fighting alongside the natives of Pandora to save their homeland and defeat the other side (villain) 21. Dispatcher This character starts the hero on their way and is often the father of the hero. Thedispatcher send the hero off so they can prove their worth. Grace from Avatar is an example of a dispatcher character as she send the hero (JakeSully) into the Avatar to prove himself to the Navi tribe and to gain their trustGrace is the dispatcher characterof Avatar 22. Villain This character is the opposite of the hero and is the cause of the disruption within thefilm Quaritch from Avatar is an example of a villain character. This character is the cause of the disruption within the film as he leads the soldiers to destroy the homeland of the Navi in order to obtain a mineral that is valuable on Earth 23. Donor This character helps the hero by giving them magic; or advice to help them on theirjourney. Norm from Avatar is an example of a donor character as he helps the hero of the film(Jake Sully) by mentoring him about the natives of Pandora so he is able to fit in withthem Norm is the donor character of Avatar 24. Helper This character assists/helps the hero in restoring the normality/ equilibrium Trudy from Avatar is an example of a helper character as she helps the hero escapefrom imprisonment so he can complete his quest.Trudy is the helper character ofAvatar 25. False Hero This character is initially on the side of the hero but turns against them and tempts thehero away from their quest Prince Charming from Shrek 2 is an example of a false hero character as he pretends tobe on the same side as the hero (Shrek) so he can win the princess heart.Prince Charming is the false herocharacter of Shrek 2 26. Heroine This character is often referred to as the princess in traditional narratives and is often inlove or ends up with the hero by the end of the film Neytiri from Avatar is an example of a heroine character as she is the Princess of the Naviand falls in love with the hero of the film (Jake Sully)Neytiri is the heroine character ofAvatar 27. Part E: Other Terms 28. Diegesis This is the world that the characters live in. This world is created by the story that thecharacters experienceThe dairy of a wimpy kid shows diegesis asthe characters within the movie encountertheir own problems 29. Narrative Range Unrestricted narrativeThis narrative has no limits in the information that is presented to the audience e.g. Final Destination 5Final Destination is unrestricted narrative asthe audience knows what will happen next asSam (the main character) has premonitionsand the audience have access to thesepremonitions Restricted narrativeThis narrative only gives out minimal information to the audience to create an enigma e.g. Memento Memento has restricted narrative as Lenny (the main character) is shown throughout the film on the phone however, the audience doesnt know who hes on the phone to till the end of the film 30. Narrative DepthObjective character identification This is when the viewer is given access to the characters point of view for example seeing thecharacters thoughts or dreams. Mean Girls is an example of a film with objective character identification as the audience isable view Cady (the main character) thoughts The audience sees Cadys thought of when she imagines herself attacking Regina 31. Narrative Depth continued...Subjective character identification This is the viewer is given unique access to what a range of characters can see and do. X-men: The Last Stand is an example of a film with subjective character identification as theaudience is able to view all the actions and thoughts of the characters in the filmAudience has Audience has access to the character ofaccess to the Warrens childhood & adulthood character ofCyclops and hislife The audience is able to view fighting scenes that happen between the good guys and bad guys of the film 32. Part F:Modular Narrative 33. Episodic This is how a film is organized by a series of narrative. For Colored Girls is an example for a film that is episodic as this film shows a collection ofseven stories about seven different women and their lives.The seven separate stories in the filmCrystals storyShe lives with her alcoholic, abusive husbandand loses both her kids by the end of the filmJos storyJo who is too busy with her work to acknowledge her husband andrealise that he no longer loves her. Nylas story After spending graduation with a bunch of friends, Nyla finds herself pregnant and gets a abortion to resolve her mistakes 34. Episodic continued.Tangies storySleeping with a different man every night, Tangie has notime to realise her little sister needs a role model to lookup toJuanitas storyDespite knowing her husband is cheating on her Juanitastill tries to ignore these facts and forgives her husbandbut he continues to cheat Yasmins story Yasmin who is a dance teacher gets herself raped by a man she thought she could trust Kellys story Kelly who works as a welfare officer blames herself for the death of Crystals children as she doesnt take further actions and take the children under custody away from their alcoholic father. On top of this, Kelly is desperate to have children of her own however is unable to do so due to a disease which causes her to be infertile 35. Anachronic This narrative manipulates time and uses flashbacks and flash forwards. This type ofnarrative often repeat scene through a different perspective 4, 3, 2,1 is an example of a film with anachronic narrative-The film starts with the flash forward of theending of the film then shows each characterslives before the incident at the end of the film-This shows differentperspectives during thefilm-The characters meet up ina caf then go their separateways after 36. Anachronic continued.. -This is where the narrative is split into four sections of the four characters-By the end of the film the four differentnarratives become one as the charactersmeet up at a bridge to save their friendslife. 37. Split Screen This narrative is different from other types of modular narrative as its not determine bytime. Split Screen is when a film is divided into two or more frames showing events thatare happening within the same time period The phone call scene from Mean Girls shows split screen.