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Assessment of Physical Sciences and
Engineering Advances in Life Sciences and
Oncology (APHELION Study)
Physics and oncology/biomedical Physics and oncology/biomedical
studies in Asia
June 2013
Purpose of APHELION Study• Compare U.S. R&D and status with those in
Asia and Europe
• Identify the gaps and barriers in working with leading centers in Asia and Europe
• Identify the major innovations emerging • Identify the major innovations emerging abroad
• Guide U.S. research investments
• Look for opportunities for cooperation and collaboration
World Technology Evaluation Center, Inc. (WTEC)
WTEC is conducting a global Assessment of Physical Sciences and Engineering Advances in Life Sciences and Oncology (APHELION), sponsored by the U.S. government.
WTEC is the leading organization in the U.S. conducting International Technology Assessments via expert review, and has conducted over 70 such studies since 1989
HTTP://WWW.WTEC.ORG/APHELION
Sponsors of APHELION Study
• National Institutes of Health (NIH/NCI): – NCI Sponsor: Larry Nagahara and Nas Kuhn
– NIBIB Sponsor: Christine Kelley
– NIH NCI Participants: Larry Nagahara, Nas Kuhn, Sea n Hanlon
• National Science Foundation (NSF):– Sponsors: Clark Cooper; Semahat Demir; Kesh Narayan an,
M. C. Roco,
““““New Biology”””” –
2009 ““““Intersection of the Physical
& Life Sciences –
2010
A“Conference on Research at the Interface of the Life andPhysical Sciences: Bridging the Sciences” was conductedon November 9, 2004, in Bethesda, MD. The meeting,sponsored by NIH/NIBIB and NSF, to obtain communityinput on how to bridge the life and physical sciences.
Merging Physical & Life Sciences
“Bringing physics, not just the physicists, to biology””””– Harold Varmus, NIH DirectorCentennial Speech, APS March Meeting, 1999“In biomedicine,…we can harness the historic convergence between life sciences and physicalsciencesthat's underway today; undertaking public projects -- in the spirit of the Human GenomeProject -- to create data and capabilities that fuel discoveriesin tens of thousands of laboratories;and identifying and overcoming scientific and bureaucratic barriers to rapidly translating scientificbreakthroughs into diagnostics and therapeutics that serve patients…”– President Obama,NAS Speech, April 2009
NCI Interest - Leveraging the Physical Sciences for New Frontiers in Oncology
2008 2009
Spring Summer Fall Winter Spring Summer
NRC convened 16 panelist on ““““New Biology””””
Fall
NRC published –““““New Biology””””
~300 extramural participants
NCIBSA
RFA Apps Review
Outcomes from Workshops Establish trans-disciplinary physical sciences-oncology centers Composed of integrated physical sciences-oncology teams Focus on theme(s) for center frameworkCenters led by physical scientist with senior co-investigator from oncology
Award
Merging “ Perspectives ”
Physical Scientist Cancer Biologist/Oncologist
How much energy is needed to do this?How much force does it take to cross this barrier?Are reactions rates altered during this process?How much time does it take?
What cell, molecule, tissue is it?What changed?What’’’’s up/down regulated?Do I see the same thing in several tumors?
How much time does it take?What are the spatialeffects?
Different ‘‘‘‘views’’’’ of the same pictureHaving both perspectives yields a more comprehensive (clearer) picture
of what cancer is and how it functions at all levels – especially at the sub-molecular/atomic scales
Delegation for the APHELION Study Site Visits
• US government sponsors and officials
• Members of Expert Panel
• WTEC staff
APHELION Panelists Paul Janmey (Chair) , PhD, Professor of Physiology, School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania;
Daniel A. Fletcher, PhD Professor, Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California ,Berkeley;p
Sharon Gerecht, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University;
Ross Levine, MD, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center;Ross Levine, MD, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center;
Parag Mallick , PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Stanford University;
Owen McCarty , PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University;
Cynthia Reinhart-King , PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University.
APHELION Expert Advisors
• Antonio Tito Fojo, M.D., Ph.D.
Medical Oncology Branch and Affiliates
Head, Experimental Therapeutics SectionSenior Investigator Building 10, Room 12C103
• Denis Wirtz,
Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Materials Science, Johns Hopkins University
Current and past research:•Interaction between cytoskeletal and ECM stiffness
•Effects of substrate mechanics of cell structure and function
•Phosphoinositide signaling for actin assembly
•Fibrin-based materials for wound healing
•Intermediate filament assembly and mechanics
Paul Janmey
Biopolymer physics
Cell and soft tissue
mechanics
Extracellular matrix structure
and signaling
APHELION Panelists
Fib
robl
asts
M
yocy
tes
Biography:
Professor, Physiology, Physics, Bioengineering
Institute for Medicine and Engineering
University of Pennsylvania
Post-Doc Hematology-Oncology Unit, MGH
PhD, Physical Chemistry – Univ. Wisconsin
AB, Philosophy, Oberlin College
New research directions• Signaling between integrins and HA receptors for
cell proliferation and motility
• Mechanosensing through cadherins
Web: http://www.uphs.upenn.edu/ime/janmey/index.html
Fib
robl
asts
M
yocy
tes
Current and past research:•Mechanics of leukemic cells
•Reconstitution of branched actin networks
•Measurement of platelet contraction
•Mechanics of branching morphogenesis
Dan Fletcher
Cell mechanics,
reconstitution of the
cytoskeleton, optical & force
microscopy, global health
technologies
APHELION Panelists
Biography:
Professor, Bioengineering and Biophysics,
University of California, Berkeley
Faculty Scientist, Physical Biosciences, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory
PhD – Stanford University
DPhil – Oxford University
BS – Princeton University
New research directions• Mechanics of breast cancer cells
• Mechanical regulation of actin networks
• Development of infectious disease diagnostics
Web: http://fletchlab.berkeley.edu
Current and past research:•Stem Cell Engineering
•Biomaterials
•Angiogenesis and vascular biology
•HypoxiaSharon Gerecht
Blood vessel development and
differentiation, hypoxia,
Polysaccharide hydrogels,
Wound healing
APHELION: Expert Panelist
Blood, 2012; Biomaterials, 2012; SCTM 2013
Biography:
Associate Professor, Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Johns Hopkins University
PhD – Biotechnology- Technion-Technical Institute of
Israel
MS – Medical Science – Tel Aviv University
BA - Biology- Technion-Technical Institute of Israel
Web: http://www.jhu.edu/chembe/gerecht/
New research directions• Tumor ECM
• Burn and diabetic wound healing
• Blood brain barrier
PDMS
Glass
PMMA
Biomed Microdevices, 2012; Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2012
Current and past research:•Markers and Mechanisms of Therapeutic Response to
EGFR Targeted Therapies
•Models of tumor-to-circulation transmission
•ProteoWizard
•Systems models of cell-state
Parag Mallick
Biomarkers for diagnosis and
prognosis, Systems biology,
Proteomics, Multi-scale
models of cellular regulation,
applications of micro-devices
for single-cell analysis
APHELION Panelists
Biography:
Asst. Professor, Radiology, Bio-X, Canary Center for Cancer
Early Detection
Stanford University
Post-Doc, Clinical Proteomics & Systems Biology
– Institute for Systems Biology
PhD, Chemistry – UCLA
BS, Computer Science – Washington University
New research directions• Tumor evolution
• Cell Biomechanics
• Tumor Microenvironment
Web:
http://med.stanford.edu/profiles/Parag_Mallick/
Current and past research:•Characterization of the interaction of cancer cells with
the blood microenvironment
•Development of anti-thrombotic strategies
•Role of Rho GTPases in platelet cell biology
Owen McCarty
Blood cell biology, circulating
tumor cells, cancer
metastasis, thrombosis
APHELION Panelists
Biography:
Associate Professor, Biomedical Engineering
Oregon Health & Science
University
Postdoc – Pharmacology, Oxford University
PhD – Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University
BS – Chemical Engineering, SUNY Buffalo
New research directions• Development of single cell imaging modalities
• Identification of thrombotic risk factors in cancer
patients
Web: www.ohsu.edu/bme
Current and past research:•Cell Migration
•Cell-Biomaterial Interactions
•Cellular Traction Stresses
•Cellular Mechanotransduction
Cynthia Reinhart-King
Cancer metastasis,
Angiogenesis, Atherosclerosis
progression
APHELION Panelists
Biography:
Associate Professor, Biomedical Engineering, Cornell
University
PhD, Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania
SB, Chemical Engineering, MIT
SB, Biology, MIT
New research directions• Microfabricated tissue structures
• 3D Microenvironments
• Microfluidic devices for cellular studies
Web: http://cellmechanics.org
APHELION Expert Advisor
Antonio Tito Fojo, M.D., Ph.D.
Medical Oncology Branch and Affiliates
Head, Experimental Therapeutics SectionSenior Investigator Building 10, Room 12C10310 Center DriveBethesda, MD 20892
Phone: 301-496-2631
Fax: 301-402-1608 E-Mail: [email protected]
17
Biography
Dr. Fojo was born in Havana, Cuba, moved to the United States with his family in 1960, and became a U.S. citizen in 1970. He received his M.D. and Ph.D. from the University of Miami. He completed 3 years of training in internal medicine at Washington University/Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, and after a year as chief resident came to the NCI as a clinical associate in the Medicine Branch, now the Cancer Therapeutics Branch. After 3 years with Drs. Ira Pastan and Michael Gottesman, he assumed the position of senior investigator in the Cancer Therapeutics Branch.
Denis WirtzJohns Hopkins UniversityEmail: [email protected]: http://www.jhu.edu/chembe/wirtz/ he Department of Chemical and
EXPERT ADVISOR
Denis Wirtz is professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Materials Science
18
Denis Wirtz is professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Materials Science in the Whiting School of Engineering and a member of the oncology department at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Dr. Wirtz is a recognized expert in cell and molecular biophysics and in the development of new methods grounded in physical principles, including statistical mechanics and polymer physics, to probe and establish the physical mechanisms of cell motility, intercellular adhesion, and microrheology. He is Editor-in-Chief of Cell Health and the Cytoskeletonandserves on the Editorial Boards of Biophysical Journal, Physical Biology, and Cell Adhesion and Migration. He is the founder and Associate Director of the Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology (INBT).
Scientific/Technical Topics of Interest
• Information Transfer in Cancer and other Biomedical research areas through an Evolutionary Lens
• Time Domain of Cancer Metastasis and other Diseases with Therapy
• Mechanics in Health and Disease
• Physical Parameters of Cells, Microenvironment, and Host
• Understanding Physical Emergent Properties During Pathogenesis of Disease
• Heart and Lung Disease – Connections to Cancer
• Physics of New Diagnostic Principles and Methods
APHELION Europe Sites Visitedhttp://wtec.org/aphelion/index.php
• FRANCE�Institute Curie, Paris�University of Paris Diderot
• GERMANY• GERMANY�Max Planck Institute (Dresden, Gottingen)�Dresden Technical University�Gottingen University�Technical University of Munich�University of Heidelberg�University of Leipzig�University of Rostock
APHELION Europe Sites Visited (2)
• ISRAEL�Weizmann Institute�Technion University
• ITALY�University of Padua�University of Padua�University of Milan�European Institute of Oncology
• The NETHERLANDS�The Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht�Radboud University Nijmegen �The University of Leiden
APHELION Europe Sites Visited (3)• SPAIN�University of Barcelona�University of Basque Country
• SWITZERLAND�Ecole Polytechnique Federal de Lausanne (EPFL)�Ecole Polytechnique Federal de Lausanne (EPFL)�University of Basel
• SWEDEN�Uppsala University�The Karolinksa Institute �The Royal Institute of Technology
APHELION Asia Study Tour Delegation
Group A (Singapore, Shanghai, Taiwan, Japan):
Paul Janmey (Chair), Daniel Fletcher*, Sharon Gerecht*, Owen McCarty*, Cynthia Reinhart-King, Nas Kuhn, Larry Nagahara *+ …King, Nas Kuhn, Larry Nagahara *+ …
Group B (Beijing, Hong Kong, Japan):
Daniel Fletcher*, Sharon Gerecht*, Parag Mallick, Owen McCarty*, Larry Nagahara*, Sean Hanlon+ …
APHELION Tentative Schedule• Feb 2012 – Kickoff meeting
• May 2012 – Visit to Europe
• June 2012 – European draft reports
• June 2012 – Final workshop at NIH (http://www.tvworldwide.com/events/nih/120612/)(http://www.tvworldwide.com/events/nih/120612/)
• August 2012 – Final report goal
• June 2013 – Visit to Asia
• July 2013 – Asian site reports
• October 2013 – Draft report
• November 21, 2013 – Final workshop in Washington DC
• February 2014 – Final report goal
APHELION Final Workshop
• To be held in Washington, D.C. on November 21, 2013
• Final workshop will be webcast from 8:00 am • Final workshop will be webcast from 8:00 am to 4:30 pm EDT
• Registration information for final workshop will be at http://www.wtec.org/aphelion
Thank you for your cooperation in this visit!in this visit!