assessment of exceptional students part one: chapter two
TRANSCRIPT
Assessment Of Exceptional Students
Part One:
Chapter Two
Why Assess Initial identification (screening)
Used to identify individuals who may need additional evaluation or help Can be used to identify children at-risk (infants & toddlers)
Determination & evaluation of programs & strategies (prereferral assessment) Assists in designing interventions & monitoring their progress Assessment data gathered before a referral – can provide information to document the need for
a formal referral The DIBELS is widely used in this area to monitor reading interventions
Determination of Current Performance Level & Educational Need Determine needs, strengths, weaknesses & teaching strategies – suspected disability Progress in general education curriculum Present levels of performance
Decisions about Eligibility Labeling students is required by the IDEA 04 Definition & Assessment Profile for Selected Exceptionalities – pg. 16 in Operating Standards
Why Assess
Development of the Individualized Education Program IDEA 04 requires transition needs be identified in a student’s IEP by age 16 Short-term objectives & benchmarks no longer required for majority of students
but piloted in some states Determination of Goals & Benchmarks/Objectives
Benchmarks/Objectives Monitoring & Reporting Progress ( Evaluation of Goals & Objectives) – This is my
primary area of concern for this course Determination of objective criteria Appropriate evaluation procedure Schedule for evaluation goals and objectives
Decisions about Program Placement Assessment information can help determine a student’s Least Restrictive
Environment (LRE)
How Is The Process Initiated
Preliminary assessment data should be collected first
Referrals may be made to request assistance
If a student is referred they will more than likely be eligible for special ed.
Can you create a model for the prereferral to identification process?
What Procedures Should Be Used Norm-Referenced Tests: Types of Scores, Scoring & Interpretation
Norm-referenced test Normative or standardization sample Age scale Point scales Raw score Derived scores
Types of Scores Age & Grade Equivalents
Developmental scores
Quartiles, Deciles & Percentiles Percentile rank
Standard Scores Mean Standard deviation Z score Deviation IQs Scaled scores T scores Stanine & normal curve equivalent
What Procedures Should Be Used Scoring Norm-Referenced Tests
Raw scores are obtained by norm-referenced tests Educational & Psychological Testing (AERA 1999)
Interpreting Norm-Referenced Tests Consider the task demands of the test itself Standards of Educational & Psychological Testing (AERA 1999)
Criterion-Referenced Tests & Curriculum-Based Assessment Criterion-referenced test (CRT) Curriculum-based assessment (CBA) Curriculum-based measurement (CBM)
Power Versus Speed Tests – Many tests are a combination Power test Speed test
What Procedures Should Be Used Individual Versus Group Tests
Both individual and group testing have their place in the assessment process Other Assessment Procedures
Checklists & observation School Records Direct Interviews Parent Interviews
Omnibus interview Behavior-specific interview Problem-solving interview
Medical & Developmental Histories Error Analysis – Useful but … Ask students how they perform tasks – Have them
“walk through” the process Use of Portfolios
Alternative assessment procedures have gained popularity Informal or Formal procedures Summative or Formative assessment
Who Should Asses
Teachers should always be involved in the assessment process Special ed. & General ed. Teachers Parent information should be included
When Should Assessment Be Conducted
Dependent on the questions “who will asses” and “why asses” When noticing individuals who may need more help, conduct prereferral intervention
or further assessment Notify parents of what is happening
What Should Be Done With The Results
Knowledge of what to do with results prior to assessment is necessary. Dependent on school and educational setting
An Assessment Model
Prereferral component Postreferral component All students receiving services under IDEA 04 go through the postreferral component