assessing the impact of interactive gambling and …...betting egms sports betting keno casino games...
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Assessing the impact of interactive gambling and new technologies
Dr. Sally Gainsbury Centre for Gambling Education and Research, Southern Cross University
10th European Conference on Gambling Studies and Policy Issues
11 September, 2014, Helsinki, Finland
Understanding Internet gambling through research
Or, how research can be used to inform policy and practice
Internet gambling in the 1990s
2000s – Technology & products evolve
• Cheap, fast broadband Internet
• Better graphics and games
• Increased consumer confidence
• New games
2014 – Internet gambling becomes mainstream
• Liberalization
• Mobile
• Increased consumer confidence and trust
Advertising increases awareness
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
2006 2008 2010 2012
Mill
ion
s
Number of televised gambling advertisements (UK)
Internet gambling has become mainstream
Major concerns still exist
1. Participation in gambling will increase
2. Land-based gambling will decrease
3. Youth will gamble online
4. Problem gambling will increase
The Australian experience
2001 Interactive Gambling Act: Prohibition
Wagering & lotteries permitted
2008 Advertising liberalized
The Australian experience
Increase in interactive gambling yield
Increase in international operators
Australian Interactive Gambling Study
Commissioned by Gambling Research Australia
Conducted by Centre for Gambling Education & Research, Southern Cross University
Hing, Gainsbury, Blaszczynski, Wood, Lubman, & Russell
Australian Interactive Gambling Study
1. National telephone prevalence survey (N = 15,006)
2. Online survey (N = 4,594)
3. Interviews with interactive gamblers (N = 81)
4. Data from help-seeking agencies
To determine who, what, when, why and how people are gambling using interactive technology in Australia
Does Internet gambling increase gambling participation?
Prevalence 1999 2011
Gambling participation
82% 64%
Interactive gambling
0.6% 8%
22% reduction in Australians gambling
13 times more people gambling online
Source: National telephone prevalence survey, Productivity Commission
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
LotteryScratchtickets
Racebetting
EGMs Sportsbetting
Keno Casinogames
Poker Bingo Bettingon skillgames
%
2011 1999
Participation in gambling activities 1999 vs. 2011
Source: National telephone prevalence survey, Productivity Commission
Will Internet gambling reduce land-based gambling?
• Internet gamblers are highly involved gamblers, on all forms & modes
20%
48%
11%
22%
0% 20% 40% 60%
Only online
Mostly online
Half online, halfoffline
Mostly offline
Over 2/3rds of Internet gamblers mostly or always gamble online
Source: Online survey
Internet gamblers offline
Majority prefer interactive gambling (55%) or prefer both modes equally (31%)
Source: Online survey
50% started gambling online in or after
Will more young people gamble online?
Internet gamblers are younger than land-based gamblers
• Mean age of interactive gamblers:
37 years – 42 years
• 25 – 39 years – higher rates of Internet gambling
• 20-24 years – higher rates of land-based gambling
Internet gamblers are young-middle age adults
Problematic Internet gambling among youth
• Age not predictive of problem gambling severity
• Younger interactive gamblers higher problem severity
• Treatment seeking Internet gamblers 18-39 years
Young Internet gamblers may be at greater risk for harms
Prevalence of adult problem gambling – Australia 2011
Problem Gambling Severity Index Source: National telephone prevalence survey
36
52
8
4
1
Non-gambler
No problem
Low risk
Moderate risk
Problem gambler
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
%
Interactive gambling not predictive of PG severity
Does Internet gambling cause problems?
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Problem gambler
Moderate risk
Low risk
No problem
Land-based Internet
Interactive gamblers 3 x higher PG rates
Not replicated in online survey
What mode of gambling contributed to your problems?
Source: National telephone prevalence survey N=153 problem & moderate-risk gamblers
Interactive Gamblers Non-Interactive Gamblers
Land-based 58%
Land-based 85%
Computer 26%
Mobile 12%
Over half had problems before gambling online
What gambling activity contributed to your problems?
Source: National telephone prevalence survey N=153 problem & moderate-risk gamblers
Interactive Gamblers Non-Interactive Gamblers
Electronic gaming machines 43%
Electronic gaming machines 50%
Casino table games 15%
Keno 15%
Sports betting 14%
Casino games 12%
Does Internet gambling cause problems?
Problem gambling severity predicted by greater gambling involvement
Are the concerns about Internet gambling valid?
• Participation in gambling will increase?
Internet gambling participation has increased
• Land-based gambling will decrease?
Internet gamblers also gamble offline, but may reduce over time
Are the concerns about Internet gambling valid?
• Youth will gamble online?
Younger generation may prefer Internet gambling
• Problem gambling will increase?
But unique problems may develop
Conclusions • Interactive gambling is a new mode of access
• Changing the impact of gambling?
How research can assist policy
development
Acknowledgments
Collaborators: Nerilee Hing, Alex Russell,
Alex Blaszczynski, Dan Lubman, Robert Wood
Research commissioned by Gambling Research Australia
The views expressed in this presentation are solely those of
the author. The information, views and references material in this presentation are provided solely on the basis that the audience will be responsible for making their own assessment of the information provided
Thank you, questions?
Dr Sally Gainsbury Senior Lecturer
Centre for Gambling Education & Research,
Southern Cross University
Email: [email protected]
Website: http://works.bepress.com/sally_gainsbury/
@DrSalGainsbury
Further details • Hing, N., Gainsbury, S., Blaszczynski, A., Wood, R., Lubman, D., Russell, A. (2014). Interactive
Gambling. Report commissioned by Gambling Research Australia. Centre for Gambling Education & Research, Southern Cross University. Available at: http://www.gamblingresearch.org.au/home/interactive+gambling+pdf
• Hing, N., Cherney, L., Blaszczynski, A., Gainsbury, S. M., & Lubman, D. I. (In Press). Do advertising and promotions for online gambling increase gambling consumption? An exploratory study. International Gambling Studies, DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2014.903989
• Gainsbury, S, Russell, A., Hing, N., Wood, R., Lubman, D. & Blaszczynski, A. (In Press). The prevalence and determinants of problem gambling in Australia: Assessing the impact of interactive gambling and new technologies. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. Published online May 2014 DOI: 10.1037/a0036207
• Hing, N., Cherney, L., Gainsbury, S., Lubman, D., Wood, R., & Blaszczynski, A. (In Press). Maintaining and losing control during Internet gambling: A qualitative study of gamblers’ experiences. New Media and Society. Published online January 2014 DOI: 10.1177/1461444814521140
• Gainsbury, S, Russell, A., Hing, N., Wood, R., Lubman, D. &
Blaszczynski, A. (In Press). How the Internet is changing gambling:
Findings from an Australian prevalence survey. Journal of
Gambling Studies. Published online August 2013
DOI: 10.1007/s10899-013-9404-7