1

PREFATORY NOTE TO THE EDITION OF 1919

The Assam Land Records Manual was brought into force in all the plains districtsof the province with effect from the year 1906-07, with the temporary exception of twodistricts in Assam Valley then under resettlement, by the Chief Commissioner’s Reso-lution No. 5606-21R, dated the 7th October, 1905. Thus the Manual applied from 1stApril 1906 to the Surma valley, to the temporary-settled areas of which and of Goalparathe system of field mutations had already been expressly extended by ResolutionNo.5367R., dated the 21st September 1905, though those areas were excluded fromthe establishment of the circle system introduced by this Resolution. The only part of thetemporarity-settled area of Sylhet where the Manual is not entirely in force is the Ilamarea, where the Chief Commissioner decided that the patwaris are not to record cropsor to correct the maps except to show new settlements [Revenue Department letter No.925-Rev.-3637R., dated the 7th September 1903, to the Director of Land Records andAgriculture, a copy sent to Deputy Commissioner, Sylhet, with my office No.2854, datedthe 12th September 1903]. The deliberate inclusion of the Surma Valley is noted herefor the benefit of officers serving there because there has been a tendency to regard theManual as mainly applicable to the Assam Valley districts, partly because the words“mandal” “dariabadi” and others peculiar to these districts were used in the old Manual,and partly because of the numerous prsecriptions regarding the survey of new landwhich hardly exists in the greater part of the Surma Valley. It must not be forgotten thatthere are large areas in the Assam Valley districts in which cultivation is as stable asit is in the Surma Valley do in the Surma Valley and that mutations form the principalWork in them as they do in the Surma Valley.

In order to-remove any doubts arising from nomenclaure the word “recorder” hasbeen substituted in the English edition of this revised Manual for the word “mandal” andan endeavour has made to avoid the use of all other names peculiar to the Assam Valleydistricts. In the Assamese and Bengali translation of the Manual the nomenclature ap-propriate to either Valley will be used and there is no intention to abolish. either themandal or the patwari and to call both recorders. Where fluctuating cultivation or wasteland does not exist, the rules regarding the assessment of such land will not apply ineither Valley: the rules referred to are given in the list below which it is hoped is fairlycomplete.

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List of Rules which generally have no application insettled and established areas

17-18.– Unsurveyed areas.

19.– Assessment of new land.

20.– Striking -off of land from assessment rolls.

21-22.– Relinquishment.

23.– Faut, ferar and jotrahin lists.

35.– Simul trees marking theodolite stations.

43.– Verification of relinquishments.

45.– (No application in Sylhet).

46.– Safeguard against assessing highland rice twice over.

47.– Numbering new fields.

48-52.– Fluctuating areas.

58-59.– Treatment of sarkari dags.

79.– Mapping of new cultivation.

80.– Verification of relinquishments.

81.– Preparation of faut, ferar and jotrahin lists.

83.– Particulars of new fields.

87.– Verification and classification of areas.

90.– Annual jamabandi.

106– Inking of periodic fields on the map.

109.– Survey for supplementary settlement.

112.– Supplementary settlement pattas.

The 3rd April, 1918 J. McSWINEY,Director of Land Records and

Agriculture, Assam.

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PREFACE TO THE NEW EDITION

Since the Manual was last published, remarkable changes have taken place through-out the State. The country has attained independence, vast schemes of developmentunder the successive Five Year Plans have broken the age long isolation of the village,population has increased phenomenally, land has become scarce relinquishment rare,Jungles have disappeared and cultivation has extended to the sandy churs of theBrahmaputra and the rocky slopes of the Himalayas. No wonder that such changeswould have their impact on land administration and, consequently, on the land-records.Thus, squatting has since been prohibited, tribal belts have been created, payment ofpremium has been made obligatory before conversion of annual land to periodic, ceilingon new settlement of lands has been imposed, and powers of the primary settlingauthority have been drastically cut.

2. Nevertheless, over the years, experience has shown that the basic struc-ture of the land-records will remain unchanged for a long time to come. The chitha, thejamabandi, the field map, the field-mutation, the extension survey, the crop-re-cording,–all these will continue to form the foundation of the land records so long as the presentsystem of land administration remains. The changes called for by the circumstancesmentioned in the preceding paragraph do not alter the basic structure and so thesehave been incorporated in this edition without disturbing the original arrangement of thebook. There is some advantage in keeping the original arrangement undisturbedsbecause not only the staff but even the villagers have become acquaintedn with theserial number and contents of some long-standing an important rules of this Manual,such as for example, rule 105 dabout conversion of annual patta to periodic, rule 13about issue of D.L.R’s certificate for survey, rule 6 about residence of a recorder, rule211 about field mutations and so on.

3. The rules in respect of which imporatant changes have been made in thisedition are mentioned below :–

Rule 1.– Appeal against the order of appointment of recorder has been providedfor.

Rule 4 and Rule 126.– Punishing and appellate authority with regard to punish-ment of Supervisor Kanungos and recorders and the limitation period for appeals havebeen clarified.

Rule 12.– The original rule regading free-stuentship to a young man of a backwardlocality has been deleted.

Rule 15.–The rule has been slightly recast to suit modern conditions.

Rule 25.– This rule about crop-inspection tours has been recast in view of theincreased number of crops to be recorded.

Rule 56 to Rule 69.– The entire section relating to the chitha has been recast in

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view of the new forms of the chitha that has been prescribed as a result of the directionof the Government of India to adopt nine- fold classification of land use and to recorda large number of new crops and to collect other collateral information, e.g., area underirrigation, area under mixed crops, sources of irrigation, and so on.

Rule 57 and Rule 82.– The portion relating to the power of the recorder to mutatenames of occupants in annual pattas in Lakhimpur and Darrang Districts as providedfor in the original rules has been deleted. The old rule 57, substantially altered, has beenrenumbered as Rule 58.

Rule 105.– This well-known rule has been recast so as to provide for payment ofpremium and for the restrictions already prescribed in the Settlement Rules under theAssam Land and Revenue Regulation.

Rule 112.– This rule has been completely recast so as to provide for preparationof various abstracts on a uniform all-India basis.

Rule 125.– Appeal against order of appointment of Supervisor Kanungo has beenprovided for.

Rule 209 A to Rule 209 C.– These have been recast, re-arranged and renum-bered so as to be in conformity with Government’ new settlement policy.

Rule 214 A to Rule 217 A.– These have been rearranged and renumbered for thesake of convenience.

J. N. DAS,

The 10th May, 1964 Director of Land Records,

Assam.

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CONTENTSPart -I

Recorders

Rule Pages

Section 1. Appointment and qualifications 1-14 1–8

“ 2 Duties-General ..... ..... ...... 15-38 8–20

“ 3 Field map ..... ..... ...... 39-56 21–27

“ 4 Chitha .... ..... ...... 57-69 28–38

“ 5 Jamabandi .... ..... ...... 70-75 38–39

“ 6 Spring Tour .... ..... ...... 76-84 39–41

“ 7 Summer recess .... ..... ...... 85-106 42–47

“ 8 Winter Tour .... ..... ..... 107-109 47–48

“ 9 Winter recess .... ..... ..... 110-113 49–54

“ 10 Unsurveyed areas ..... ...... 114-124 54–55

Part - II

KANUNGOS

SECTION - I

SUPERVISOR KANUNGO

Appointment, promotion, transfer, punishment, etc. 125-133 56-59

Information to rayats ..... ....... ....... 134 59

Diary ..... ....... . ..... ...... ....... 135-139 60

Duties-General..... ...... ..... ...... ...... 140-146 60–61

Check of field work .... .... ..... ...... 147-159 62–65

Check of recess work .... ..... ...... 160-171 65–67

Registers ..... ..... .... ..... ..... 172-175 67–68

Returns .... .... .... .... .... 176-179 68–69

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SECTION - 2

REGISTER KANUNGO

Appointments, etc. .... ..... .... ..... 180-181 69–70

Maintenance of Jamabandi register ..... 182-187 70–74

Records and Maps .... ..... .... ..... 188-191 74

Instruments forms, stationery, register .... 192-196 75–77

Crop Statement ...... .... ..... .... 197 77

Sub-Deputy Collector’s diary. .... .... 198 78

Pay bills ..... .... .... ... 199-200 78

Orders of Deputy Commissioner ... ... 201 78

PART – III

SUB-DEPUTY COLLECTORS

Duties-general .... .... ...... ..... ..... 202 78–79

Tour ..... .... .... ...... .... .... 203 79

Recess .... .... ... .... ... ... 204 79

Diary .... ... ... ... .... ... 205 79–80

Check of work .... .... .... ... 206-208 80–81

Settlement of Waste land ... ... ... 209 81–83

Mutations and field partitions ... ... 210-217 83–90

Survey ... .... .... .... .... .... 218 90

Diaries of staff and instruments .... .... 219-220 90–91

Revenue enquiries .... .... .... .... 221 91

Annual returns ... ... ... ... .... 222 91–93

Registers ... ... ... ... .... 223 93–94

PRT – IV

INSPECTION

Deputy Commissioner and Subdivisional Officer 224 95

Director and Assistant Director of Land Records 225 95–96

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APPENDICES

Appendix A. – Points for inspection.

Appendix B. – I. Standard forms.

II. Non-standard forms.

III. Revised forms of chitha, crop abstract, area abstract, irrigation abstract.

Appendix C. – Resolution of Government dated 25th September 1958 on settle-ment of agricultural lands.

Appendix D. – Instruction of Government dated 6th March 1959 on the GovernmentResolution of 25th September 1958.

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LAND RECORDS MANUAL

PART I-RECORDERS

SECTION I- Appointment and qualification.

1. - (a) Recorders are appointed by the Deputy Commissioner butduring the resettlement period additional temporary recorders purely forthe purpose of resettlement operation may be appointed by the Settle-ment officer. The sanction of the Director of Land Records shall be ob-tained prior to appointment of a man who does not possess a certificateof the Assam Survey School or a certificate granted by the Director ofLand Records under Rule 13.The sanction of the Director of Land Recordsshall be obtained prior to appointment of a qualified man over 25 yearsof age and such appointment should be made only in very special circum-stances. In case of a qualified candidate belonging to Scheduled Tribe orScheduled Caste the age limit may be relaxed up to 30 years.

(b) An appeal from the order of Deputy Commissioner for appoint-ment to a permanent post shall lie to the Director of Land Records withina period of 60 days form the date on which the appellant receives a copyof the order appealed against.

(c) An appeal from the order of the Director of Land Records shalllie to the Government in the Revenue Department within a period of 90days from the date on which the appellant receives a copy of the orderappealed against.

2. Subject to the sanctioned cadre of the district, the grant of gradepromotion to a recorder rests with the Deputy Commissioner.

3. The Deputy Commissoiner can transfer a recorder from one lot toanother within his district but no resident recorder should be transferredfrom his lot without the sanction of the Director of Land Records.

During the currency of a Re- settlement Operation, the SettlementOfficer, will exercise the powers of the Deputy Commissioner in respectof temporary, additional recorders working under the Settlement Officerin matters relating to appointment, transfer and promotion.

4. (1) Deputy Commissioners, Sub-Divisional Officers, SettlementOfficers, Sub- Deputy Collectors and Assistant Settlement Officers may, intheir respective jurisdictions and subject to the restrictions hereinaftermentioned impose on the recorders under mentioned penalties.

Appointment

Promotion

Transfer

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(i) Censure (ii)Withholding of increments or promotion, (iii) recoveryfrom pay of the whole or part of any pecuniary loss caused by negligenceor breach of orders to the Government of Assam or the Central Govern-ment or any other State Government or any local or other authority towhom services of a Government servent had been lent, (iv) reduction toa lower service, grade or post or to a lower time-scale, or to lower stagein a time scale, (v) compulsory retirement, (vi) removal from servicewhich shall not be a disqualification for future employment, (vii) dismissalfrom service which shall ordinarily be a disqualification for futurer employ-ment and (viii) fining;

Provided that no order of dismissal, removal, compulsory retire-ment or reduction shall be passed except in accordance with the proce-dure laid down in the Assam Services (Discipline and Appeal) Rules,1964:

Provided further that Sub-Divisional Officer, a Sub-Deputy Collec-tor or an Assistant Settlement Officer shall not impose any other penaltythan a fine which shall not exceed Rs. 5 (five) at a time.

Punishment

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(2) The following table shows the Punishing and Appellate authority withregard to punishment of Supervisor Kanungos and Recorders (Mandals orPatwaris) (vide Revenue Department letter No. RLR 305/58/75, dated 8th Octo-ber 1963).

Punishing authority Appellate authority against the order of punishing authority

Minor punishment Major punishment Minor punishment Major punishmente. g. censure, e. g. dismissal,witholding of in- removal, com-crements, reco- pulsory retire-very from pa- ment and re-etc. duction in rank

and pay.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

I. Supervisor Kanungos (Both permanent and temporary)- during normal period.

Deputy Commi- Commissioner of Commissioner of Division Government in the ssioner. Division Revenue Department

*II.Supervisor Kanungos (Permanent)– during resettlement period.

Settlement Officer Cmmissioner of Director of Land Records Government in the Division. Revenue Department.

III . Supervisor Kanungos (Temporary)– during the resettlement period.

Settlement Officer Commissioner of Director of Land Records Government in the Division. Revenue Department

IV. Mandals (Both permanent and temporary)– during normal period.

Deputy Commissioner Deputy Commi Director of Land Records Director of Landssioner Records

V. Mandals (permanent) during the resettlement period

Settlement Officer Deputy Commi Director of Land Records Director of Landssioner Records

VI. Mandals (temporary) during resettlement period.

Settlement Officer Settlement Officer Director of Land Records Director of LandRecords.

*(II) Although the Deputy Commissioner is the appointing authority in regard to the permanentstaff, the Settlement Officer will pass order for minor punishment on them during resettlement period.

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3. Along with the annual report, the Deputy Commissioner or theSettlement Officer, as the case may be, will forward to the Director ofLand Records a statement of all punishment imposed during the year onthe recorders of his district.

(4) (a) An appeal from the order of the Sub-Deputy Collector /Assistant Settlement Officer/Sub Divisional Officer shall lie to the DeputiCommissioner / Settlement Officer, as the case may be, within a periodof 30 days from the date on which the appellant receives a copy of theorder appealed against.

(b) An appeal from the order of the Commissioner, Deputy Commis-sioner or the Settlement Officer shall lie to the Government, Commis-sioner or the director of Land Records, as the case may be, within aperiod of 30 days from the date on which the appellant receives a copyof the order appealed against.

5. Proposals for the creation or the redistribution of lots involving anyincrease or decrease in the sanctioned staff of recorders of a district willbe submitted by the Deputy Commissioner direct to the Director of LandRecords. The Director of Land Records will scrutinize and submit themwith his recommendation or remarks, if any, to Government for sanction.In submitting such proposals, the grounds for them, together with statisticsof total and settled area, number of established and fluctuating and ofsurveyed and unsurvered villages, number of periodic and annual dags,land revenue, and if the proposal is based on extension of cultivation, thenewly-settled area for the last three consecutive years, in the existing andthe proposed lots should be clearly set forth. In this connection any direc-tion issued by Government from time to time regarding the standard sizeof a recorders’ lot should also be borne in mind. Proposals for the redis-tribution of lots involving neither increase nor decrease in the sanctionedstaff of recorders of the district may be sanctioned by the Commissionerafter consultation, if necessary, with the Director of Land Records.

6. A recorder must be a permanent resident with Residence in hislot with his family. But the Deputy Commissioner may grant exemptionfrom the obligation when the recorder’s home is within two miles of thelimit of his lot. Exemption may be granted by the Commissioner in othercases but only in exceptional circumstances where he is satisfied thatsuch residence would cause undue hardship. Such recorders should sub-mit his application for exemption within two months from the date of hisappointment.

A recorder who is not resident within the meaning of this rule or hasnot secured exemption will receive no promotion in the shape of incre-ment or otherwise, and will be liable to be discharged when he can bereplaced by a resident recorder.

Increase ofstaff

Residence

12

7. Under the Government Servants’ Conduct Rules, a recorder mustmake a declaration of all immoveable property held or acquired by him-self, his wife or any member of his family living with or in any way depen-dent upon him.

No recorder is allowed to acquire by direct settlement, for himself orfor any member of his family living with or in any way dependent upon him,any right in immoveable property within his lot without specific sanction ofthe Deputy Commissioner in each case. Any settlement made in contra-vention of this rule will be liable to cancellation on the ground of fraud.

8. The normal qualifications required of a candidate for appoint-ment as recorder are–

(1) He must be 18 years of age or over and not above 25years. In case of Scheduled Tribe and Scheduled Caste candidate, theage limit may be relaxed upto 30 years;

(2) He must hold a certificate from the proper authority that hehas passed at least the Middle English or Middle Vernacular or MiddleEnglish Madrassa standard of instruction;

(3) He must possess a certificate of the Assam Survey School or acertificate granted by the Director of Land Records under Rule 13;

(4) He must not be, in the opinion of the Deputy Commissioner,physically and morally unfit for the appointment.

No permanent appointment will be given to a man who is not resi-dent in his lot or has not been specially exempted from being residentunder Rule 6.

9. (1) All persons holding the office of recorder who do not hold acertificate and who have not been exempted will be required to attend theAssam Survey School and to pass the prescribed examination. TheDeputy Commissioner will make necessary arrangement for sendingthem to the Assam Survey School as early as possible.

(2) Only one recorder at a time will ordinarily be sent from any sub-circle to the Survey School, and during his absence his work may bedistributed among the recorders of the contiguous lots, or if in the opinionof the Deputy Commissioner a substitute is required, one may be ap-pointed on grade pay for such period, as the recorder under training mayrequire to enable him to qualify. Recorders who are thus deputed fortraining entitled will be to draw their grade pay during the period of train-ing, whether substitutes are taken or not.

(3) All recorders who are deputed for training to the Assam SurveySchool will be eligible for travelling allowance as admissible for Class IIIGovernment employees for their journeys to and from the School onceonly.

Qualification

SurveySchoolCertificate

13

Recorders, permanent or temporary, deputed for training in theAssam Survey School for regular course or special class course, are alsoallowed pay and other allowances usually admissible to them and alsolodging allowance at Rs. 30 (thirty) Per Mensem during the period of theirtraining.

10. A recorder who fails to pass the examination at the close of hisfirst term of study will be liable to summary dismissal.

11. Under special circumstances and after consultation with the Di-rector of Land Records, the Deputy Commissioner may permit a recorderwho fails to pass at the end of the first term to remain at the School fora second term, but in this case, he will draw no pay until he has suc-ceeded in passing the exmination.

12. Recorders who fail to attend regularly after their names havebeen entered on the school list will lose their pay for each day of absenceexcept when leave is granted by the Principal of the School on urgentprivate affairs or in case of sickness supported by medical certificate andaccepted by the Principal.

13. The Director of Land Records may, on the recommendation ofthe Deputy Commissioner or Settlement Officer, grant survey certificate touncertificated men who in the course of extension survey have surveyedindependently at least 500 Bighas of cultivated land and whose work hasbeen checked and found accurate by an officer not below the rank of Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer. These certificates will begiven in exceptional circumstances and when an adequate explanation fornon-attendance at the Survey School is submitted. Ordinarily all recordersshould have passed through the Survey School. Recorders holding onlythe Survey Certificates given by the Director of Land Records should atthe earliest be sent to the Survey School to the Refresher Course or lessefficient mandals:

Provided that during the resettlement operation if sufficient numberof trained recorders be not available, arrangement may be made with theSurvey School authorities for a six weeks’ training of suitable candidatesin survey work before the field season begins. The successful candidateswill be given the necessary training in map revision and chitha writing andmay later be recommended, if their work during settlement is found sat-isfactory and accurate, for Survey certificates under this rule.

When a certificate has been lost or spoilt, the owner, if he requiresa duplicate should apply to his District Officer or to the Settlement Officerif the district is under resettlement, sending with his application a sum ofRe.1. The District Officer or the Settlement Officer will credit the fee toGovernment and forward the application, with a copy of receipted chalan,to the Director of Land Records, Assam for necessary action.

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14. Provision will be made annually for the grant of rewards to re-corders who have discharged their duties with conspicuous merit.

Deputy Commissioner may sanction, within their budget limits, re-wards (i) for extension survey in accordance with the fixed scale (vide rule18) and (ii) for good work other than extension-survey upto a limit of Rs.25 in each case (individual payments over Rs. 25 require theCommissioner’s sanction).

SECTION 2 –Duties–General

15. The records principal duties fall under three broad categories,viz. (i) maintenance of land Recorders, (ii) collection of agricultural statis-tics and (iii) assistance in revenue administration.

(i) The first category of his duties includes the recording of muta-tions, field-inspection, survey of areas newly occupied, preparation offield-map, compilation of chitha, preparation of record-of-right, inspectionof survey marks and the keeping of land and revenue records upto dateby necessary correction.

(ii) The second category includes recording of area under differentcrops and other land uses and cropwise irrigated area with source byfield-to-field inspection, conducting crop cutting experiments, assistingSupervisor Kanungo in preparation of crop-forecast and compilation ofarea, crop and irrigation abstracts.

(iii) Under the third category, he is to assist Mauzadar inpreparartion of his records for collection of revenue. He is to prepare thelist of ‘faut’ ‘ferar’ and ‘jotrahin’ lands, assess newly settled lands anddetect concealed cultivation. He is to submit report on encroachment ofGovernment land Professional Grazing Reserves Public grazing reservesand other reserved lands. He is to report about damage of crops or othercalamities and do all other works given to him by the circle officer inconnection with revenue administration.

Besides the above, he is to assist other Government Departmentsin various miscellaneous works entrusted to him from time to time by theDeputy Commissioner.

16. In surveyed areas, the procedure for carrying out these dutiesrests upon the maintenance of (a) a field map (b) a field catalogue or‘chitha’ and (c) a field ledger or ‘jamabandi’. The chitha will be in therevised form appended, and will include all the fields (dags) of a village.It shall continue in use for three years. The jamabandi for periodically andannually settled holdings will be in Form 3. Fields periodically settled willbe recorded separately from fields annually settled, and for the latter onlywill a fresh jamabandi be annually prepared, entries affecting theformerbeing kept up-to-date by correction.

Reward

P r i n c i p a lduties

15

The copy of the periodic jamabandi referred to in these rules isknown as the local periodic jamabandi. When the local periodicjamabandi becomes clumsy or illegible owing to numerous corrections, afair copy of the confused entries should be made at the end of thejamabandi with cross references, and every entry must be compared andinitialled by the Supervisor Kanungo.

17. In unsurveyed areas no map is maintained but the same form ofchitha and jamabandi will be used and the records for annual and periodicholdings will be prepared separately.

18. Recorders whose lots are as yet unsurveyed will be expected togradually survey them. When the settled area lies in detached blocksseparated from one another by large stretches of jungles, no attempt needbe made to lay down village boundaries. Each block can be surveyed andplotted independently by triangulation, its general position being indicatedon an index map traced from the quarter inch-Revenue-Survey maps inthe district office. Recorders who extend the survey of their lots under thisrule will be entitled to a reward calculated at 3 paise per bigha of cultiva-tion. If the different operations in extension survey are carried out by sev-eral recorders the reward may be distributed as below:–

3 paise per bigha...... Rs. 60-50p. per square mile(i) Survey ....................... Rs. 20 ’’ ’’ ’’(ii) Chitha writing Rs. 14 ’’ ’’ ’’(iii) Area calculation Rs. 6 ’’ ’’ ’’(iv) Revenue calculation Rs. 6 per square mile(v) Jamabandi writing Rs. 4 ’’ ’’ ’’(vi) Inking or tracing Rs. 10 ’’ ’’ ’’

For the purpose of making this calculation it will be taken into ac-count all settled dags and small sarkari dags of areas not exceeding 25Bighas each.

In extension surveys the Supervisor Kanungo should run at least twolinear miles of check lines in each square mile of survey i.e., approxi-mately one chain in 12 bighas and the Sub-Deputy Collector at least onecheck line in each village. No map should be passed and no recommen-dation for rewards made unless the work has successfully come throughboth these tests.

19. The recorder is responsible that all land that is taken up on orderof settlement of proper authority on proper application is brought on to thechitha and jamabandi as settled and is assessed. When correcting hismap the recorder must have with him all sanctioned applications for settle-ment of waste land of the current year, and after surveying and plotting onthe map the areas settlement of which has been sanctioned, he will en-dorse the applications to this effect and will return these to office.

Unsurveyedareas theirsurvey :

The as-sessmentof newLand

16

This rule, however, does not apply to encroachment on Sarkari landand on land reserved for public purposes and on Professional grazingreserves and Village grazing reserves. The recorder will note down suchunauthorised occupation separately in a blank page in the beginning ofthe chitha and report to the Deputy Commissioner/Sub-Divisional Officerthrough the Sub-Deputy Collector for action under Rules 18 and 95 of theRules under the Assam Land and Revenue Regulation. While reportingencroachment on Sarkari land suitable for settlement, the recorder willbriefly mention in his report whether the encroacher is a landless cultivatoror is holding land less than 12 bighas in his name and in the name of othermembers of his joint family.

The recorder will also be responsible for making a separate chithaand Tauzi-bahir jamabandi of his entire lot for all encroached lands in hislot with a view to facilitate assessment of tauzi bahir revenue. The re-corder will also prepare a list of persons who hold lands in excess of thelimit laid down by the law of ceiling.

20. No field that has been assessed to revenue in one year may beremoved from the chitha and the jamabandi of the following year unless(a) it has been relinquished under the rules by a written notice, (b) it isfound to be abandoned and its former cultivactor has either died (faut), orleft the village (ferar) or has lost all his resources (jotrahin), or (c) itssettlement has been annulled by order to this effect.

21. Notices of relinquishment will generally be made over to therecorder under the endorsement of the officer receiving them, and therecorder will enter them in a register in Form 5 and will check them in thecourse of his Spring tour. It should be noted that a part of a dag cannotbe relinquished.

The following procedure will be observed in dealing with relinquish-ment petition:-

(1) Every such petition shall be initialled by the Cricle Sub-Deputy Collector on receipt, and all petitions received shallbe sorted according to the recorder’s lots. The petitions willthen be made over to the respective recorders keeping a listin a bound register of the number of petitions made over toeach recorder. The list of petitions made over to recordersshould be entered in the bound register from year to year.

(2) The recorder will enter the petitions in a register in Form 5,will check them in the course of his spring tour and returnthem after enquiry to the Sub-Deputy Collector who will passorders. The petitions should be kept in the circle office untilcompletion of the supplementary settlement papers and thensent to the district or subdivisional record room.

The strikingoff of landfrom theassessmentroll

Relinquishment

17

(3) The Sub-Deputy Collector should, in the course of his tours,check and initial the recorders’ relinquishment registers andall erasures and interlineations therein in token of their accu-racy.

(4) The recorder will keep the register until the Sub-DeputyCollector has finished checking it and then, under orders ofthe Sub-Deputy Collector, he will deliver it to the district orsubdivisonal Record Keeper, who will destroy it after 3 years.

(5) Fields (Dags) that have been relinquished will be excluded bythe recorder from the chitha and jamabnadi. But he will re-include fields (dags) the settlement holders of which arefound by him to be in possession. He will maintain a list ofsuch fields on a blank page at the beginning of the chitha andwill assess them with the 50 per cent penalty under Rule 25of Section I of the Settlement Rules framed under the AssamLand and Revenue Regulation.

22. The recorder will annually prepare for each village in Form 6 aseparate list of all fields abandoned by settlement-holders who are dead(faut), untraceable (ferar) or insolvent (jotrahin) noting whether they wereannually or periodically settled. The list in triplicate must be completed bythe 1st May.

The recorder should simultaneously make over a duplicate list ofsuch fields to the mauzader, who will be permitted to suggest in writingadditions or alterations to the list upto 1st June by which date he mustforward it to the Sub-Deputy Collector.

23. The recorder will also during his winter tour make a list in FormK appended, of all fields which have been converted from agricultural tonon-agricultural use and are liable to altered or additional assessmentunder the Rules framed under the Assam Land Revenue Re-assessmentAct and submit the same to the Sub-Deputy Collector not later than 15thFebruary. These lists are to be checked by the Sub-Deputy Collectorduring his spring tour and submitted by him to the Deputy Commissionerwith his notes and recommendations. If under Deputy Commissioner’sorders the assessment is to be altered or additional assessment im-posed, the necessary changes will be included in the regular settlementabstract. The changed classification will be entered in the chita and therecorder’s class book under the initial of the Sub-Deputy Collector. Thechanges in revenue will be calculated and entered in the recorder’sjamabandi in red ink. The corrections in the jamabandi register will bechecked by the Registrar Kanungo’s in the ordinary way when the re-corder attends the Registrar Kanungo’s office.

Faut, ferarand

jotrahinfield

Altered as-s e s s m e n tof fieldsc o n v e r t e dfrom agri-cultural tonon-agricul-tural use.

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The procedure described above will also apply in the case of townlands which become liable to re-assessment under settlement Rule 74 onchange of use.

24. Orders for the annulment of settlement will be noted by therecorder in the remarks column of the chitha.

25. The recorder annually will make two tours of field inspection,viz, a spring tour from 15th February, to 15th June and a winter tour from1st November, to 15th January.

During the spring tour the recorder will ascertain and note down inthe chitha the settlement and assessment particulars and area under dif-ferent crops grown during the season. The crop-wise irrigated area will benoted in the chitha against each dag. He will devote the period from 15thMay, to 15th June, particularly to crop inspection by field to field visit.

On completion of the spring-tour, the recorder will come to CircleOffice for the summer-recess in order to prepare the papers for regularsettlement and Crop Abstract Part I. He should arrive office for this pur-pose by the 15th June without fail and submit village-wise Crop AbstractPart I for his lot to the Supervisor Kanungo within 1st July. He should bepermitted to return to his lot as soon as possible and endeavours shouldbe made to limit the period of his attendance to two months.

During the Winter tour, in addition to supplementary settlement work,the recorder will make field-to-field inspection and collect detailed landuses statistics including area under different crops, cropwise area irri-gated with source and note down the same in the chitha. He will be veryparticular in recording information on double and multiple cropped areasand also see that area under winter paddy harvested during the month ofOctober are recorded in the chita . He will devote the periods from 1stNovember to 30th November and from 1st January to 15th January spe-cially to crop inspection work.

On completion of Winter tour, the recorder will come to Circle Office,and prepare the supplementary settlement papers, Crop Abstract Part II,Irrigation Abstract and Area Abstract under supervision of the SupervisorKanungo. He should attend Circle Office not later than the 15th Januaryand should not be detained for longer period than at most a month.

The crop year for this purpose will be taken to commence on 1st Julyand end on 30th June. The crop Abstract Part I which the recorder willprepare during the summer recess, and Crop Abstract Part II, Area Ab-stract and Irrigation Abstract which he will prepare during the winter re-cess, will relate to this crop year.

26. When the recorder’s recess station is not at the head quartersof the Registrar Kanungo, he will, towards the end of the summer recess,go to the Registrar Kanungo’s office with his chitha and jamabandi inorder to make the transfers and corrections referred to in rules 100-103.

Record ofannulments

Correctionof

jamabandiregister

Cropinspection

Tours.

19

On these occasions the recorder should not be detained for a longerperiod than one week in the Registrar Kanungo’s office, and to facilitatethe disposal of work, the recorders should be sent to the RegistrarKanungo’s office in batches (rule 100) and not alltogether.

27. No recorder may, except in very special circumstances, getleave of absence even without pay during the following periods, except onproduction of a medical certificate signed by Medical Officer-in-charge ofa dispensary :–

Amendment Suggested by the Sub-Committee.

(1) November 1st to date of submission of the area crop andirrigation abstracts.

Committee :-

(2) March 1st to date of completion of all papers of the regularsettlement.

Provided that in cases of illness of which the duration is short or thecharacter severe the certificate of the Sub-Deputy Collector may be ac-cepted by the Deputy Commissioner, and in cases of emergency Sub-Deputy Collectors may grant casual leave upto 10 days in the year.

In all cases not covered by these certificates, when a recorder doesno work during the months mentioned he will lose at least double the payotherwise due to him for the period of idleness.

28. The recorders have been declared to be ministerial officerswith effect from the 1st January, 1932 (vide Government Order No. 264-R, dated the 20th January 1932). Their services are, therefore, superiorfor all purposes irrespective of their pay. They are entitled to travellingallowance at rates admissible for Class III Government Officers and singlesecond class fare for their Railway and Steamer journey on duty.

The rates of halting allowances for the period of eight weeks in theyear for recess at circle head quarters shall be 0.50 P. a day when thereare no barracks and 0.25 P. a day when there are barracks. Halting allow-ance at the usual rate for the period of halt in excess of 8 weeks forrecess work at circle head-quarters is admissible in individual caseswhere the halt or detention was in public interest and was necessitated bycauses beyond the recorder’s control and is certified as such by the Sub-Deputy Collector. Recorders living within two miles of recess head-quar-ters are not entitled to halting allowance.

The rates of mileage and halting allowances (other than for recess)referred to above shall also apply to journeys and halts outside therecorder’s lots.

29. (1) The recorder shall maintain a diary in a paged bound bookin which he shall enter each day what work he has done during the day,

A b s e n c efrom duty

Diary

20

where he has been working, and where he spent the night.

(2) On a blank page in the beginning of the diary should be recordedthe date, attested by the Supervisor Kanungo, of filing for his lot,–

(a) The last paper of the regular settlement;

(b) The last paper of the supplementary settlement; and (c) The cropstatement.

At the beginning of the diary on a blank page should also be gievn(d) An abstract showing the total area of Khiraj, Nisf-Khiraj and Lakhirajland in each village of his lot as well as the total area of the grants andspecial tenures.

(3) When the Sub-Deputy Collector, the Supervisor Kanungo or anyother officer inspects the recorder’s work, he will briefly record the resultsof his inspection in the recorder’s diary against the date of his visit.

(4) When the recorder has occasion to visit the circle or Sadar orany Government office, he will invariably obtain in his diary the signatureof the officer-in-charge of the office he attended, attesting the number ofdays on which he was occupied.

(5) Every Sunday the recorder will forward to the Sub-DeputyCollector’s headquarters (using the service stamp, if available) a weeklyabstract diary in From 14. Failure to submit the diary will be punishablewith fine of 50 (fifty) paise or any other action.

The abstract diaries should be destroyed six months after the periodto which they relate.

30. The recorder should attend the Mauzadar when required by himon official duties and in connection with the disposal of chitha mutations,but a recorder should never be called outside his lot or at a time when theSub-Deputy Collector requires his services.

31. The recorder must give the raiyats any information touching theirown holdings which they may require of him, especially as to the dagnumbers of the fields they may wish to relinquish. Recorder should knowfor every village in his lot the rates per bigha at which unsettled lands canbe taken up and will inform any person desiring to know. He will also giveany other information regarding land matters to any person desiring toknow.

32. Application for demarcation of holdings shall be affixed withCourt-fee stamps on the following scale or on such other scale as may befixed by the Government from time to time. The scale will be double fortown lands–

(a) For the first 5 bighas or a part of the same Rs. 2.00

(b) For the next 5 bighas or any broken part, another Re.1.

Weekly ab-stract diary

Attendanceon

Mauzadar

Informationto raiyats.

Demarca-tion of

holdings.

21

(c) For every subsequent 5 bighas or part thereof Re.1. and so on.

No stamps will be required for pointing out the boundary of any landused for public purposes or land under the Co-operative and Collectivefarming or any land donated under the Bhoodan Movement.

33. A register of all permanent survey marks in each village will bemaintained in form 7. The recorder should visit each mark annually, notingthe visit in his diary and recording in the register the condition of the markand any repairs which may be needed. He must take early action to causethese repairs or renewals to be effected.

The recorder will also annually inspect all the boundary marks of theareas which have been reserved for public purposes within his lot, suchas grazing grounds, and supply such information regarding them as maybe required by the Deputy Commissioner. Such marks will be entered inthe Register of Survey marks in the spare pages at the end of the bookunder a separate serial number beginning with number one.

In addition to the register, each recorder will keep a ‘mujmuli’ mapof his lot on the scale of 4 inches to the mile, showing all the marks whichhave been assigned to his charge. There will be a separate serial foreach lot, beginning with number 1, and the numbers in the Mujmuli mapwill correspond with the numbers in the register. This serial will run throughall the marks in the same lot, whatever be their nature, and will run fromnorth -west to south-east. No mark should be assigned to two or morerecorders. In the distribution of marks the recorder on the north or westof a mark will take precedence of the recorder on the south or east.

The mujmuli map should indicate the various marks by the followingsymbols:–

= Stone prism, =Square mark of stone masonry or

concrete,

= all other marks, including kanungo’s dhips.

When a simul or other tree has been planted in accordance with rule35, a cross will be placed above the afore-mentioned symbols. Althoughonly these three symbols will be used on the mujmuli maps, the entries inthe register will describe the marks in the fuller detail in accordance withthe descriptions in the actual returns.

Marks which have disappeared and have been definitely abandonedshould not be shown in the register or in the mujmuli map. When a newmark is erected, it will be entered on the map in red ink and will receivea new page in the register and a serial number immediately following thelast existing number on the map.

An abstract of all the marks will be kept on the fly-leaf of the registerof each recorder.

Surveymark.

22

34. In established villages the recorder is responsible for mainte-nance of all boundary marks and all simul trees, mounds, or stones whichmay have been put up at the time of the cadastral survey or since thecompletion of the cadastral survey.

35. Where the odolite stations shown in the maps are marked by asimul tree planted 5 feet magnetic north of the odolite peg, should the treedie or be destroyed, the recorder shall replace it by a cutting not less than10 feet long, 6 inches in diameter in the middle, planted 3 feet deep in theground. Around this should be erected a mound well rammed and fencedwith bamboo. These mounds must be maintained uninjured.

No simul tree that has been planted to show the survey mark will bereplaced except during the rainy weather. The best time for replacinginjured or dead simul trees is immediately after the weather breaks in thespring. i.e. during the months of April, May and June. No replacement,construction or major repairs shall be made, unless the circle Sub-DeputyCollector personally inspects such survey marks and recommends to thateffect.

36. In certain cases where the survey marks interfere with traffic orare in danger of being washed away it is necessary to remove suchsurvey marks. In all such cases, the Deputy Commissioner’s orders mustbe taken and following procedure observed.

Trijunction points, which are marked by stone prisms, should neverbe interfered with unless it is necessary to move the prism to prevent itfrom being was hed away. In such cases the prism should be conveyedto the nearest the odolites station which is free from danger and set upthere. In the case of an ordinary the odolite station which it is desired tomove, the mound should be shifted one, two or three chains as may beconvenient, in a straight line towards one or other of the adjacent stations.The change thus made should at once be indicated, not only on therecorder’s map for the current year, but also on all copies of the map inoffice. In this connection it should be remembered that the change willoften have to be indicated on two and in the case of trijunction points onthree, different maps.

Should the recorder be unable to discover or be doubtful about theexact poisition of the odolite station or boundary mark, he must nevermark, it permanently on the ground except under the direct supervisionand in presence of the Supervisor Kanungo.

37. Should a recorder be transferred, he must personally makeover to his successor all the registers and papers and instruments of hislot. The recorder shall prepare the charge report in triplicate and one copyshall be sent to the Circle Office. A list of pending papers of the lot shallalso be prepared in duplicate at the time of making over charge and onecopy will be sent to the Circle Office.

Manitenanceof Surveymarks

Making overcharge

23

38. The follwing registers and statements shall be maintained andprepared by the recorder:–

1) A copy of the re-settlement class map and the class book.

2) Current chitha.

3) Periodic Jamabandi.

4) Annual Jamabandi.

5) Relinquishment Register.

6) Faut, Ferar and Jotrahin list.

7) Register and mujmuli map of survey marks.

8) Area and crop statement.

9) Diary.

10) Settlement Abstract

11) Note book of map checking.

12) A statement showing the sanctioned bigha rate of each village.

13) A register of annulled estates.

14) A register of encroachment cases.

15) A register of persons who holds lands above the limit laid downin the law of ceiling (150 bighas).

16) Irrigation Abstract.

17) A register of the Members of the gramsabhas under the Assamgramdan Act, 1961.

Section 3.– Maintenance of the Field map. 39. In villages in which cultivation changes but little, the recorder

may carry on a single map for three years, a new map being brought intouse when a new chitha is rewritten. In villages in which changes are nu-merous, and in the case of all fluctuating villages, he will work upon a freshmap each year. The year or years for which the map is used should beclearly written on the face of the map and duly attested by the SupervisorKanungo.

40. The recorder must keep his map clean and protected fromdamp.

41. The recorder must maintain close to his house, on a level pieceof ground, a measuring standared 66 feet long, whereby to test his chainand offset pole. The total distance must be marked off on the ground bylarge permanently fixed pegs of wood (not bamboo), and must be divided

Registersand

returns.

Chaintesting

New mapwhen re-quired

Care ofmap.

24

into ten equal divisions of ten links each by smaller pegs. All recordersmust often test their chains and rectify any errors that may be found. Everyrecorder must know how to correct the length of his chain viz., by openingor closing the joints of the rings.

42. All recorders should be provided with a talc or cellulose squareshowing Katha squares on a scale of 16 inches to a mile, a pair ofcompassess, a cardboard scale and a 20 link pole and an offset slip. Therecorders of tracts in which cultivation fluctuates, or is spreading will alsobe supplied with a Gunter’s chain, a plane-table, a cross-staff or opticalsquare, a lead pencil and a piece of rubber and other materials that arerequired for survey work.

43. The recorder will verify on the ground all fields shown in themap in pencil, correcting the boundaries where necessary. After verifyinga relinquishment, he will cross out the boundary if it is in pencil, but if it isprinted or in ink, he will leave it unchanged and deal with the field underrule 62. The pencil boundaries crossed out as above will be rubbed outin the winter recess. The same procedure will also apply to fields excludedfrom settlement by order. Owing to the increase of population and theconsequent demand for land, the practice of resignation even of annuallands has been much reduced and over large area is now practicallyunknown.

44. During his field tours the recorder will (1) survey and bring on tothe map all areas that have been settled upon application, (2) survey allnew cultivation and extensions of cultivation, carefully exploring the un-settled lands and sarkari dags of his villages to ensure that no new cul-tivation or extension of cultivation escapes notice, (3) go round the peri-odically settled fields of his villages and make any corrections on the mapwhich are needed in order to give effect to orders passed by the Sub-Deputy Collector or other officer duly empowered in mutation proceed-ings, and (4) inspect all the areas reserved within his lot for public pur-poses (e.g. road-side lands, grazing or camping grounds etc.) and reportencroachments, if any. The encroached areas in respect of Sarkari landsor lands reserved for public purposes within his lot will be plotted on themap in pencil and taken over to the encroachment register and Tauzi-Bahir Jamabandi to be maintained under rule 19.

Extensions of cultivation in lakhiraj estates and fee-simple grantsheld for ordinary cultivation are to be surveyed and numbered in separatedags according to blocks of cultivation for the assessment of local rates.

45. (i) The recorder shall not, without the previous sanction of theSub-Deputy Collector, alter the boundaries of a periodic field. The Sub-Deputy Collector shall give such sanction only in the case of an admittederror in mapping the boundary of contiguous fields. When the Sub-DeputyCollector gives such sanction, he shall himself revise the recorded areas

Instrument.

Verificationof relin-

quishment.

Field work

Al terat ionof periodicfields.

25

and the recorded revenue of the fields concerned. Admission of such anerror by the parties shall be noted in the remarks column of the chitha withthumb impression or signature of the parties concerned duly attested bythe Sub-Deputy Collector.

(ii) Bad mistakes in survey should be reported to the Sub-DeputyCollector for orders.

(iii) When a portion of a dag has been transferred and when theparties so desire it, the recorder shall survey the transferred portion andshall show its boundaries in pencil in his map, but he shall not assign toit a separate dag number nor ink it and shall not make a separate entryin the chitha, without the previous sanction of the Sub-Deputy Collector.

46. Land which the recorder finds during his winter tour to havebeen taken up for cropping with high land rice during the summer followingwill not be surveyed or assessed by him till he commences his tour for theregular settlement.

47. The following procedure will be observed in numbering newfields :–

(1) The natural numbering of fields is from the north-west to thesouth-east corner of the village. The original maps were prepared on thissystem.

(2) When a new field is inserted in a map already prepared, the newfield will receive a number immediately consecutive to the last number inthe chitha. If the natural sequence of number is thereby broken on themap, then in the chitha and jamabandi, though not in the map, the newfield will receive a fractional number which will indicate where it lies. Thus,if the last number in the chitha be 250 and a new field be surveyed in theneighbourhood of field No. 79, the new field will appear in the map as 251and in the record as 79/251.

(3) If a village is large and there is much sarkari and fluctuatingland in it the village should be divided into convenient blocks and certainnumber should be set apart for each block. Thus, first block 1-75, secondblock 76-100, and third block 101-160 and fourth block 161-200. Theblocks should be bounded where possible by natural features; otherwiseby straight lines drawn between theodolite stations or kanungo’s dhips.The numbers should be so assigned to each block that there is no like-lihood of the numbers running short. Thus if it appears that a block willrequire 50 numbers, 75 may be allotted, and so on. For the purpose ofnumbering the fields each block will then be treated as a separate villageand the system explained in clause (2) will be followed block by block.Separate pages of the chitha will be kept for each block. When a field fallsin two blocks, it will, be numbered according to the block in which thelarger portion falls. The system of block ‘numbering’ will be adopted in all

Safe guardagainst as-s e s s i n ghigh landrice fieldstwice.

Numberingnew fields

26

large newly surveyed villages which have much sarkari and fluctuating landand also in all villages of this nature for which a new edition of the mapis brought out.

48. In surveying, the following instruction must be observed :–

(1) All measurements must be made by means the chain except inthe case of short offsets not exceeding a chain in length, which may bemeasured with the 20 link tar.

(2) Chain lines should ordinarily run from one survey mark to another.But when the marks are far apart, or high grass or jungle intervenes,traingulation may be resorted to. Triangulation may be freely used forplotting of blocks of fluctuating cultivation, or of cultivation isolated injungle, which the recorder need not attempt to locate precisely on themap.

(3) New fields on the edge of permanent fields may be measured by‘tar’, care being taken that the measurement is started from the boundaryof a field about the correct position of which there is no doubt.

49. The boundaries of new fields and changed boundaries of oldfields are to be plotted in pencil continuous lines. The recorder will showthe new roads, ponds and other changes in the physical features on themap.

50. The boundaries of periodically settled and anually settled fields(including the crossing out of obsolete boundaries) will be inked up inoffice: Provided that in the immature and fluctuating villages where tempo-rary cultivation is practised and when the boundaries of holdings are sub-ject to changes due to either floods or non-maintenance of permanentboundaries the annual dags may be kept in pencil.

51. When a fresh map is taken, the recorder will bring it up-to-datebefore leaving office for his spring tour by transferring to it all changeswhich are shown upon the map used by him during the tours last preced-ing.

When annual dags are traced on a new map, the traces must beimmediately checked by lines in the field.

52. If the changes since the map was printed would necessitatemuch plotting over printed lines in a part of the map, it will suffice to makea trace of that part only which should be neatly pasted over that portion ofthe map of which it is a trace. On it should be shown in ink the boundariesof the village and any permanent survey marks and roads, etc. and theboundaries of the periodic fields not resigned or abandoned. It however,the changes affect the whole map an up-to-date trace must be made forvandy-king a new set of maps as detailed in the following rule.

Method ofsurvey

P r e p a r a -tion mapfor newfield work.

27

53. When a new map is to be printed under the above rule orwhen the stock of any map has been exhausted, it is no longer necessaryor desirable to have a trace made, but two blue prints of he original mapshould be called for from the Drawing office, Shillong.

The following instructions should be observed in using them;–

1. (a)One copy should be taken out in the field and each dag onthe map should be compared with corresponding featureson the ground.

b) Where no changes have occurred, the blue lines on the mapon the boundaries of such dags should be left as they areuntil the map is brought to office, when they will be inked up.

c) Where changes have occurred, the blue lines showing theoriginal boundary (which has changed) should be crossedout in pencil, the changes e.g. change in the existing bound-aries, subdivision of dags, new cultivation orchanges in thecourse of any stream or road should be accurately sur-veyed, plotted in pencil and when taken to office, inked up.In case of amalgamation of two dags and to prevent anydoubt on the matter when the plots are being re-numbered,the link symbol “S” for connecting two plots should be drawnin pencil across the blue line that is not to be inked up.

2. (a)When the revised blue print has been completed in everyrespect, and the dags, where necessary, have been renum-bered in ink, the second copy should be very neatly andcarefully inked up in accordance with the field copy of therevised blue print. The seond copy should be kept flat inoffice and should not be rolled up, as creases or creakswill be re-produced as black lines in the print.

b) The ink used should be freshly ground up Indian ink of suf-ficient consistency, so that all lines and letters made with itwill, when dry, be perfectly black and opaque, when exam-ined by holding the map upto the light.

c) The lines and figures should not be drawn too fine, butshould be clear, firm and not ragged. The figures should notbe made too small, e.g. vernacular 3, when made shall,looks like O in the printed maps.

d) Nothing should be pasted to either the front or back of themap, and erasures should, as far as possible, be avoided.

3. The class division of dags, whether made at the re-settle-ment or after wards, should be shown in dotted lines in inkin both copies of the blue print.

Vandy-king

28

4. There should an endorsement on the fair copy of the blueprint map to the following effect under the signature of theDeputy Commissioner “ This map was made under theauthority of Government in (year) and has been corrected upto (year)”.

5. The fair copy of the map as thus revised will be sent inoriginal carefully rolled round a ruler to the Drawing officefor re-production.

6. The Drawing office can supply blue prints only when theoriginal maps are stored there. Maps made before theVandyke process was invented i.e. about 1907 are usuallynot fit for immediate re-production. But black prints in stockin the district, if sent to the Drawing office, can nearly bealways re-produced in blue, Consequently when blue printsare required, a clear copy of the existing black print, withabsolutely nothing written on it, should be sent to the Draw-ing office from the district stock.

If there are no changes in the existing black print, it is unnecessaryto ask for a blue print for correction and in such cases black prints shouldbe indented.

54. In the case of all villages to be surveyed or resurveyed, themargins of the maps (and sheets) should be carefully compared and a

certificate to the effect that “the margins of the have beencompared with those of the adjoining should be signed bythe Supervisor Kanungo and the Sub-Deputy Collector concerned on thecopy of the map sent to the Drawing Office for re-production.

55. When the recorder takes out a new map, he will retain themap in previous use till the end of the following winter tour, and will thenfile it with Registrar Kanungo who will deposit it in the record room forreference at the next re-settlement, after noting clearly upon it the year oryears to which it relates (see rule 191).

56. The recoredr will maintain a note-book for all check lines runacross his map by any inspecting officers, recording the name of thevillage, date, the number of the fields from which and to which the checkline was run, and results of the check. Entries in this note-book will bemade by inspecting officers only. The check line should also be plotted onthe map by the inspecting officer by a dot and-dash line. But this line neednot be transferred to a new map.

Filing ofmaps.

sheetviallge map

sheet”village maps

Record ofmap testingby superiorofficers.

29

SECTION 4 – THE CHITHA

57. Chitha should be a bound, continuous register, each pagebeing used for recording crop information for two or more dags for threesuccessive years. The pages of the Chitha should be numbered andcertified by the Sub-Deputy Collector. During the three years for which thechitha will be in use, the entries will be annually corrected and the recorderwill see that the corrected entries are a complete and accurate record ofthe facts of each year.

58. The columns of the Chitha shall be field up in accordancewith the procedure described below :–

(i) Columns 1 to 7 and column 31 in part will be filled up fromthe previous chitha before the recoreder visits the fields during the springtour. The field or dag number will be entered in column 1, the classificationof land in column 2, and the total area in column 3, Column 2 and 3 areto be filled up for all the fields which are borne on the Chitha, whetherannual or periodic, settled or Sarkari. In districts where these entries werenot made at the time of resettlement, the class of land as recorded foreach field in the original class book will be entered in the Chitha andcopied out each time the Chitha is written. In tracts that have not beenresettled, the class to be shown and column 2 will be basti, rupit, faringatior tea, etc. For unsettled plots, one or other of the following words, inadditon to any class to which it may have been classified, should beentered to indicate its actual state :–

a) Road, embankment, (c) Reserve,

b) Under water, d) Waste.

ii) Column 4 will be filled up in respect of settled dag only, whichshould be described according as they are held on khiraj (periodic orannual) or Nisf-khiraj or Lakhiraj lease. If the land is held on patta for teacultivation, the word “tea” should be noted. The patta number should alsobe noted on column 4 along with the type of patta.

iii) Columns 5 and 6 relating to land revenue and local rate will befilled up from the Jamabandi Register.

iv) At the time of copying out column 7 the name of each jointpattadar should be entered in a separate line and serially numbered. Ifthere has been a change in the settlement holder, as shown in column 7,the name of the person in actual possession must be shown in column 8with a number corresponding to that in column 7 when there are morepattadars than one, and a word be entered to indicate the cause ofchange (e.g., inheritance, purchasee, gift, exhange etc.). If an entry hasbeen made in column 8 of the previous chitha, but mutation not yet sanc-

Prepara-tion ofchitha

Land clas-s i f i c a t i o nand Recordof Rights.

30

tioned, the entry should be copied in column 8 in the new chitha. The entryin column 8 will be signed and dated by the recorder. The name given incolumn 8 will be transferred to column 7, as soon as the mutation issanctioned by the Sub-Deputy Collector. But in the case of annual pattas,the names of actual occupants (dakhalkars) by right of inheritance orshare only should be entered in column 8 by the recorder, and such namesnoted in column 8 will be transferred to column 7 as soon as the mutationis sanctioned by the Sub-Deputy Collector. In case of occupation of annualpatta lands by other means or manner, e.g., by transfer, sale, gift, ex-change, lease or mortgage, etc., the recorder shall note down the natureof possession (dakhal) with names, father’s names and address of theoccupants invariably in column 31 and not in column 8, and shall submita report to that effect with a copy of the chitha to the Sub-Deputy Collectorwho will take necessary action in accordance with the latest Governmentorders and instructions in the matter.

(v) Columns 9-11 will be filled up when special orders are issuedby the Government for the preparartion of record of rights of tenants,adhiars and sub-tenants. Changes will be shown by correcting the previ-ous entries.

59. The nature of current utilisation of uncropped land bothsettled and Sarkari and its area will be recorded in columns 12 and 13,18 and 19, and 24, and 25 for the first, second and third year respectively.The class of land-use to be recorded here will be one or more of thefollowing classes:–

(i) Forests,

(ii) Barren and unculturable land.

(iii) Land put to non-agricultural uses.

(iv) Permanent pastures and other grazing land,

(v) Misce laneous tree crops and groves not included in the net area sown,

(vi) Culturable waste,

(vii) Current fallow,

and

(viii) Other fallows.

All actually forested areas on the land classed or administered asforest under any legal enactment dealing with forest whether State ownedor private will be noted as forest. If any portion of an unclassed Stateforest or a private forest is not actually wooded but put to some otheruses, that portion should be included under the appropriate heading ofcultivated or uncultivated land and excluded from area under forest, but

Te n a n t ’ srecords.

Record ofland-use

31

this will not apply to Reserved forest, the total area of which should berecorded as forest.

All lands that are barren and absolutely unfit for cultivation, i,e.,lands under barren hills, hillocks, rock, swamps (dalani), silted lands andsandy lands will be noted as barren and uncluturable lands.

All lands under house-site (basti or basic with its sub-classes),trade site (beparor thai with its sub-classes) road (bat), railway, burial andcremation grounds, schools, temples, mosques, play ground land underwater (panital) e.g., river, pond and Fishery pond. land under embank-ment, bunds, land reserved for other public purposes etc., will be recordedas land put to non-agricultural uses.

All lands reserved as Public Grazing Reserve and Village GrazingReserve and other grazing lands will be included under permanent pas-tures and other grazing land.

All lands under scrub jungle, bamboo clump (whether-in the homestead or outside), thatch (kher), etc., will be noted as area under miscel-laneous tree crops and groves not shown in area sown. The area coveredby clumps of bamboos in the homestead should be excluded from thetotal area of homestead land and recorded as area under miscellaneoustree crops and groves not shown in area sown. The area of clumps ofbamboos outside the homestead should also be noted as area undermiscellaneous tree crops etc.

All lands that are cultivable but have not been cultivated so far oronce cultivated but lying fallow for more than five years will be recordedas culturable waste.

All fields lying fallow during the current agricultural year will benoted as current fallow.

Fields lying fallow for more than a year and upto five years are tobe noted as other fallow.

60. In columns 14, 20 and 26 will be recorded the source ofirrigation from which an area, if any, under a crop has been irrigated. Thesources should be mentioned according to the folowing standard classi-fication:–

Source of Irrigation Description

1. Canal. 1. Government canal and2. Private canal

2. Tank 1. Government tank:

(a) with ayacut of less than 100 acres.b) with ayacut of 100 acres and more.

2. Private tank :

Record ofi r r i g a t e darea.

32

a) with ayacut of less than 100 acres.b) with ayacut of 100 acres and more.

3. Tubewells 1. Run by electric pump

2. Run by oil engine

4. Well 1. Government.

a) Masonaryb) Non-masonary

5. Other Sources 2. Private :

a) Masonaryb) Non-masonary.

‘Dong’

Stream etc.

61. (i) The name of the crop sown and its area will be recordedin columns 15 and 16, 21 and 22 and 27 and 28 for the first, second andthird year respectively. The irrigated area of a crop will be noted sepa-rately from its unirrigated area and the former will be encircled to distin-guish it from the latter. If, for example, dag number 55 has 10 bighas underpaddy of which 6 bighas are irrigated, then the crop paddy will be enteredin columns 15, 21 or 27 as the case may be, and against it, both 6 bighasand 4 bighas will be noted one below the other in columns 16, 22 or 28as the case may be, and 6 bighas will be encircled to indicate that it isirrigated.

(ii) If a crop is grown on unsettled land, its name and area shouldbe recorded in columns 15 and 16, 21 and 22, 27 and 28 for the first,second and third year respectively. The fact that it is unauthorised cultiva-tion should be noted in column 31.

(iii) When more than one crop is grown in a field, the differentcrops occupying different parts of it, the area covered by each crop shouldbe ascertained by eye-estimation and entered. Crop areas need not bemeasured and should never be plotted on the map.

(iv) If crops for which special columns are provided in the CropAbstract are grown on homestead land, they should be separately re-corded, their areas being deducted from the total area of the homesteadland and the balance being recorded as house-site of basti or bari. Thearea covered by clumps of bamboo in the homestead also should beexcluded from the total area of homestead and recorded separately in thecolumn meant for uncropped area.

The area of clump of bamboos outside the homestead dhouldalso be noted in the same column.

Crop re-cording

33

(v) While recording the area of long-duration crops, e.g., sugar-cane, covering more than one crop-year, it is necessary to show the areasown during the year, distinctly from the area harvested during the year,because it is the area harvested which alone has to be used for estimat-ing the production. The area harveted during the current year should berecorded as “areas harvested during the year but sown in the previousyear”. The area sown during the current year should be recorded as “areasown or prepared for sowing during the current year but to be harvestednext year”.

(vi) If an area is sown after green manuring, the area should not becounted both under green manure crop and the crop sown after greenmanuring, but only under the latter.

(vii) When the same field or the same part of a field has bornemore than one crop within the year, both will be entered in columns 15, 21,and 27 and the areas of the both in columns 16, 22 and 28 for the first,second and third year respectively. Double cropping is generally effectedby broadcasting rice before the crop which the recorder finds on theground. The recorder must ascertain by careful enquiry and by inspectingthe land whether there has been a preceding crop or not.

(viii) The area which has borne more than one crop within the yearwill be repeated in columns 17, 23 and 29 for the first, second and thirdyear respectively.

(ix) In column 30 will be recorded the name and number of scat-tered trees in areas other than the compact orchards. In case of compactorchards their areas will be recorded in crop columns. In recording thearea of compact orchards in crop columns of the chitha, the recorder willtake care to see that in the case of mixed orchards the names of all thecomponent fruits and the gross area of the mixed orchards are entered.He will then allocate the gross area to the component fruits by eye esti-mation.

(x) Where one crop only is sown on a field, it will be enteredagainst that field, whether it comes to maturity or not. When two crops aresown on a field, first a rainy season crop and the second a cold-weather,crop, both crops will be shown against the field, whether either of themcomes to maturity or not.

(xi) Where one rainy-season crop is sown and fails and anotherrainy-season crop is then sown, the second crop sown, and not the first,will be shown against the field, whether the second crop comes to maturityor not. Similarly, when one cold-weather-crop is sown and fails and asecond cold-weather-crop then sown, the first cold-weather-crop will notbe shown but the second cold-weather-crop will be shown whether itcomes to maturity or not.

34

(xii) No separate column for recording area under mixed cropshas been provided in the chitha. A major crop-mixture will be treated asa separate crop and only the gross area will be recorded in the chitha andCrop-Abstract. The apportionment will be done at the district level inacordance with the ratios fixed on the data collected in course of cropcutting experiments. For exmaple, in case paddy and arahar sown to-gether in a field, this mixture will be noted as paddy-arahar and its grossarea only will be entered in the chitha. In case of minor crop-mixtures, thegross area of the mixture should be allocated to various components byeye-estimation at the field-level itself and the net allocared area of eachcomponent crop should be recorded in the chitha against the name ofeach component crop entered in the previous column.

(xiii) Even when two varieties of the same crop are sown on a fieldat the same time, but harvested in different crop-seasons (for instance,when early rice and late rice are sown together), this also will be treatedas mixed crop.

(xiv) Area sown with a vegetable or any other crop should berecorded only once during the season in which it is sown, irrespective ofwhether it gives one or more harvest in the same season or differentseasons of the same crop-year. The estimate of yield-rate per unit areashould take into account all the harvests obtained during the year. Whenthe same variety of vegetable is sown in two or more seasons, the areashould be recorded separately, once in each season.

(xv) Area sown mixed with a number of crops either simultaneouslyor after some interval in the same season should be recorded only oncein the sowing season either as gross area under the mixture or as allo-cated net areas under its different components, irrespective of whetherthe components are harvested in the same season or in different season.

(xvi) If a crop or crop mixture is sown in an area when a crop orcrop mixture sown in it in the preceding season is about to be harvested,the area should be counted in each of the seasons in which the sowingsof the respective crops have been done.

(xvii) If the area under a crop is one-tenth of a bigha or less, itshould be ignored under that crop, and included in the area under thechief crop or any other major classification which its use justifies.

62. When entire dags are excluded from settlement asrelinguished, the recorder shall substitute the word ‘sarkari’ in column 7 inplace of the name of the pattadar. Should the boundaries and numberingof the relinquished field have been erased or cancelled (rule 43), thechitha entry will be scored out, the area of the field being added to that ofthe adjacent sarkari dag, but fields of different classification should not beamalgamated with one another. If in any case fields are amalgamated and

Crop-mix-ture

T rea tmen tof Relin-q u i s h e ddags.

35

consequent alteration in the dag numbers is involved, the fact should benoted in the remarks column of the Class Book. If the field is again takenup wholly or in part, it will be dealt with in the same manner as any othersarkari dag.

63. A similar procedure will be followed in the case of dags thathave been brought by the recorder on to his faut, ferar and jotrahin list andland excluded from settlement by order (e.g. land acquired or annulled),the name of the holder being scored out and the word ‘sarkari’ beingsubstituted.

64. The net area irrigated should be shown within a circle in col-umns 16, 22 and 28 for the first second and third year respectively, andthe source of irrigation noted in columns 19, 20 and 26 for the first year,second and third year respectively. The irrigation abstract will be preparedby recorder and submitted in time.

65. The revised chitha form has been so devised as to enablerecording of the details of both settled and un-settled lands in the sameset of columns, the latter being distiguished from the former by a refer-ence to column 7 meant for recording the name of pattadar. If the land isnot settled with any pattadar, the word ‘Sarkari’ will be written in column7 to indicate that the land in question has not yet been settled. In case theSarkari land is kept reserved for public purposes, the entry in this columnshould be ‘Reserved Sarkari’ and the purpose for which it is reservedshould also be noted in column 31.

66. (1) The area under permanent bunds should be shown sepa-rately in the chitha. The area of a field bund or strip which is given aseparate dag number will be recorded under the land-use to which it isput, e.g., under rupit if sown with crops; under land put to non-agriculturaluse if used as passage only; under miscellaneous tree-crop if used togrow trees; under grass land if used to grow grass for cattle.

(2) The area under flood control or soil conservation embankmentand all irrigation-bunds along with the irrigation-work should be shown asland put to non-agricultural use. If crops are grown in the bunds, the areacropped should be shown under the crop concerned. In no case suchbunds should be shown in any other classification.

67. In column 31 the settlement holder who are not Indigenousshould be designated as,

(a) Ex-labourer of tea garden.

(b) Nepalis.

(c) Marwaris.

(d) Tea-garden employees other than labourer.

Exc lus ionof faut, ferara n dj o t r a h i nfields.

Record ingof land un-der bonds.

36

(e) Others, such as, railway labourer, immigrants of the cultivatingclasses from East Pakistan acquiring Indian Citizenship and other Statesof India.

If a field has been reserved by special order or by acquisition fora public purpose (e.g., for grazing, for camping ground, for public institu-tions, roads, religious institutions, unsettled tanks etc.), the facts should benoted in column 31 and repeated in the fair copy of the Chitha. A list offields so reserved should be maintained on a page in the beginning of theChitha.

68. When copying the chitha, the recorder will reserve at least 10pages at the beginning for the following purposes –

(1) Remarks made and orders passed by Sub-Deputy Collectoror Supervisor Kanungo when inspecting the village.

(2) List of dags newly settled at Dariabadi or regular settlementand resettled relinquished dags.

(3) List of dags excluded owing to relinquishment, of dags faut,ferar and Jotrahin and of dags excluded under special orders.

(4) List of dags reserved from settlement with notes of areas andpurpose of reservation.

(5) List of reserved dags encroached upon with space for area ofencroachment, name and address of encroachers, date of report, note ofsubsequent orders received and result of action taken.

(6) A list of sarkari dags of the village with areas. The original areaof such dags recorded in last resettlement should be noted against eachdag.

69. When a field chitha has been re-written, the old copy will bedeposited in the circle office and remain there until the field chitha hasagain been re-written. It will then be destroyed with order from the DeputyCommissioner.

Section 5 the Jamabandi70. Separate Jamabandis are prepared for (a) periodic pattas,

(b) annual pattas recorded at regular settlement, (c) annual pattas re-corded at supplementary settlement. In addition, there are separatejamabandis for special tenures such as nisf-khiraj.

71. The principal record of periodic and sepcial pattas, that is tosay, of ‘land holding’ tenures , is the jamabandi register. This is thejamabandi prepared at the last preceding re-settlement of the distrcit.Land Revenue and local rate payable by pattadars are incorporated in the

Old fieldchithas

TheJamabandiRegister.

37

jamabandi register which is a permanent record and continues upto theterminal year during the curency of resettlement. It is maintained by theRegistrar Kanungo, and kept up-to-date by making necessary corrections.Fields will be struck off as relinquished or excluded for faut, ferar orjotrahin or under special orders, or added as newly settled on the basisof the recorder’s chitha.

No mutation of names can be effected without the order of theSub-Deputy Collector or an officer duly empowered.

72. A duplicate copy of the jamabandi register (called the localperiodic jamabandi) is kept by the recorder for reference. It will be madeavailable to mauzadar or tahsildar when required for the preparation of theannual collection register (wasil, tahsil or tauzi). Any alteration made in thejamabandi register must be made in this copy also.

A list of all dags which have been effected by orders of field par-tition together with the dates of the orders concerned must be kept per-manently on a page of the local periodic jamadandi and must always bereferred to when a new map is brought into use by the recorder under Rule39 and particularly when the map is collected for re-printing under rule 53.

73. Fresh jamabandis will annually be prepared by the recorder forannual pattas as recorded at regular settlement and at supplementarysettlement. The jamabandis will be duly verified and checked by the Su-pervisor Kanungo. They need not be copied. The originals will be kept bythe recorder but will be made available to Mauzadars or Tahsildars forpreparation of the annual collection register (wasil, tahsil or tauzi).

74. In the annual jamabandi, columns 6 and 7 will be field up fromthe relevant columns of the chitha in accordance with the nature of lands-use, and the same procedure will be followed in case of periodicjamabandi as well while making entries in the case of new holdings thathave changed by gaining or losing fields and the revenue of which is tobe recalculated.

75. Recorder’s copies of jamabandis, periodic or annual, will re-main with the recorder during the current settlement. The annualjamabandis of the previous three years will be deposited in the circleoffice for three years, after which these will be destroyed with orders fromthe Deputy Commissioner.

The Localp e r i o d i cJamabandi

Entry ofland class-ing in thejamabandi.

38

SECTION 6 SPRING TOUR

76. When the recorder leaves office for spring tour with effectfrom 15th February, he will take with him.

(1) The village map, (2) the chitha, (3) the re-settlement class mapand the class book, (4) the relinquishment register, (5) sanctioned appli-cations for waste land, (6) the supplementary settlement pattas for distri-bution, (7) all pending petitions for pointing out boundaries and (8) allpending apllications for waste land.

77. The recorder’s main work during the spring tour will be asfollows :

(a) Distribution of pattas

(b) Survey of new lands.

(c) Verification of relinquishments.

(d) Preparation of faut, ferar and Jotrahin lists.

(e) Preparation of chitha.

(f) Collection of crop statistics.

(g) Inspection of survey marks.

(h) Inspection of Sarkari dags and V.G. Rs.

(i) Disposal of pending petitions for pointing out boundaries.

(j) Enquiry into application for waste land.

(k) Enquiry of persons having land in excess of ceiling.

78. The recorder should complete distribution of all supplimantarypattas by the 1st of March.

79. New cultivation and extensions of cultivation will be entered asthey are mapped areas being calculated on the spot.

80. Relinquishment petitions when received from the Circle Officerwill be verified on the ground and necessary entries made in the fieldchitha. A list of verified relinquished dags will be kept on a blank page ofthe chitha

81. The recorder will prepare in From 6 a list of unoccupiedfields, the settlement-holder of which has died leaving no heir (faut) or whohas left the place leaving no trace of his whereabouts (ferar). He will alsoenter separately un-occupied fields the settlement holder of which is bank-rupt (jotrahin) and has abandoned the whole of his cultivation and any

Opera t ionof Springtour

Distributationof pattas

Mapping ofnewcultivation.

Verificationof relin-quish-ments.

Preparationof fault,ferar andjotrahinlists.

39

fields which he has been ordered to exclude as jotrahin by the DeputyCommissioner.

A list of faut, ferar and jotrahin fields will be kept on a blank pageof the chitha.

82. During his tour, the recorder will visit as many of the fieldsof his lot as possible and in the case of fields held on periodic pattas inwhich changes of possession (other than sub-tenancies) have occurredbut not yet registered shall enter in column 8 of the chitha the name of theunregistered dakhalkar (occupant), indicating in one word the manner inwhich possession has originated (i.e., inheritance, purchase, gift, mort-gage, exchange, etc.). These entries should be in ink and signed anddated by the recorder. But in the case of annual pattas, the names ofactual occupants by right of inheritance or share only should be enteredin column 8 by the recorder and in case of occupation by other means,e.g., by transfer, sale, gift exchange, lease or mortgage, etc., the recordershall note down the nature of possession with names, father’s name andaddress of the occupants invariably in column 31 and not in column 8 andshall submit a report to that effect with a copy of the chitha to the Sub-Deputy Collector who will take necessary action in accordance with thelatest Government orders and instructions in the matter. [Vide also Rule58(i)].

83. Necessary particulars of the fields newly surveyed must beentered in the field chitha at the time of survey. If the new field forms aportion of a sarkari dag, the number of that dag should be quoted in themargin and copied in the chitha each time it is re-written. A list of newfields surveyed must be kept in a blank page of the chitha. Land which hasbeen applied for, but the settlement of which has not been sanctioned,should not be shown on the map.

84. During their tours, the recorders shall record area under thecrops grown during the season including the ones not mentioned in theCrop Abstract Part I. The area under minor crops, for which no separatecolumns are provided in Crop Abstract Part I should be added to Miscel-laneous food crops or miscellaneous non-food crops as the case may bein Crop Abstract Part II.

In case of irrigated land, cropwise irrigated area with source willbe recorded in the relevant columns of the chitha as for procedure laiddown in the previous section.

Entry ofname ofDakhalkar

Partcularsof newfields

40

SECTION 7– SUMMER RECESS85. Recorders who fail to appear in office on the 15th J une will

be fined 0.25 P for each day of absence unless exempted by the Sub-Deputy Collector. A register of attendance of the recorders will be main-tained in the circle office.

Work in recess. : 86 The duties of the recorder during the summerrecess will be as follows :–

(a) Verification of areas.

(b) Correction of local periodic jamabandi.

(c) Preparation of the annual jamabandi.

(d) Totalling the annual and local periodic jamabandis.

(e) Totalling the chitha.

(f) Preparation of the village and circle plus and minus settlementabstract.

(g) Correction of the jamabandi register, consequent on mutation,relinquishments, etc.

(h) Completion of map.

(i) Verification of the classification of new fields.

(j) Preparation of crop abstract Part I.

87. For all new fields surveyed during the spring tour, the recorderwill recalculate the area by the tale square and check the relevant columnsof the chitha. Where the new field formed part of a sarkari dag, he willmake a corresponding alteration in the area of the Sarkari dag.

88. At this stage, corrections in the local periodic jamabandi willbe limited to adding new fields and deducting those excluded. Correc-tions necessitated by mutation need not be undertaken until the lot plusand minus settlement abstract has been completed.

89. Fields newly settled will be entered in the local periodicjamabandi and the fields excluded will be struck out. Necessary correc-tions must be made in the page and village totals. After the ompletin of thelot plus and minus settlement abstract and when effecting changes conse-quent on mutation, relinquishment, etc. the jamabandi register must becorrected in the same manner so as to bring the two records in to agree-ment in all respects.

The page totals of the jamabandi need not be altered every yearon account of inclusion and exclusiou of fields. It will be sufficient if a noteof the changes giving the details required for the plus and minus settle-ment abstract is recorded at the bottom left hand corner of the page.

Automaticfine

Verificationandclassifica-tion ofareas.

41

The periodic pattas provisionally excluded for faut, ferar or jotrahinshall not be struck out until the receipt of the Commissioner’s order.

90. The recorder will then prepare his annual jamabandi for eachvillage, obtaining the necessary particular, from his chitha. No copy needbe made.

91. The recorder will calculate the revenue to be assessed on newfields by multiplying the area of the filed by the sanctioned bigha rate ofits class.

92. The sanctioned bigha rates are those notified in the AssamGazette with the orders sanctioning the assessment. They are calculatedby multiplying the factor of the class of the land fixed in terms of annas bythe unit rate of the village; the result is the rate in annas. Fractions of ananna less than 6 pies should be ignored. Fractions of an anna equal to orgreater than 6 pies should be treated as one anna. In the districts or areaswhere either the unit rate or the factor has been fixed in terms of decimalcoinage, the unit rate multiplied by the factor of the class of land will givethe rate in Paise which may be rounded off to the nearest paise. Fractionof a paise equal to or greater than half the paise should be treated as onepaisa and fraction of a paisa less then its half should be disregarded . Thesame method of calculating bigha rates is to be used in villages assessedon the unit rate system for the first time in extension survey.

93. In unsurveyed areas which have not been resettled the revenueto be assessed on new field will be calculated according to orders issuedby the Government.

94. After correcting the local periodic jamabandi, the recorder willmake an abstract of the local periodic jamabandi for each village, show-ing class-wsie the additions and deductions of both area and revenue. Heshould make this on a spare page at the end of the register. He will makea similar abstract of the annual Jamabandi.

95. (a) After totalling the periodic and the annual jamabandis, therecorder will total his field chitha by tenures. The total of the khiraj areaabstracted from the field chitha must agree with the total khiraj area in theperiodic and annual jamabandi.

(b) The recorder will also make page totals of areas under indi-vidual crops and note it at the bottom of each page. He will then copydown the page totals of area under different crops in the Crop Abstractform for obtaining the totals for the village as a whole. He will prepare thevillage-wsie consolidated Crop Abstract for his lot and submit the same tothe Supervisor Kanungo within 1st July along with the Crop AbstractsSheets for each village where page totals are noted.

Theannualjamabandi

Rates in un-surveyed areaswhich have notbeen reset tled

Preparation ofvillage abtractsand totals

Totalling andcom par i sonof chitha andjamabandi

42

96. A plus and minus settlement abstract in form 11 will then beprepared for each village. From the several village abstracts the recorderwill compile a consolidated abstract (in the same form) for his lot. Eachrcorder will be provided with a bound volume of printed forms of abstractused for each settlement, regular and supplementary. The volume willremain in the recorder’s possession.

97. To facilitate the preparartion of the general settlement state-ment (daul) for the mauza, the recorder will prepare a similar abstract foreach village and for the lot for all tenures other than khiraj.

98. The pages of the jamabandi should be numbered and dulycertified by the Sub-Deputy Collector. The recorder should make an ab-stract showing- (a) the number of each page containing entries of emi-grants, (b) the classes of immigrants entered on that page, (c) the totalarea shown on the page as settled with each class, (d) the number ofeach page containing entries of scheduled tribe and scheduled castesettlement holders with total area settled with them. Thus the total of thevillage, the lot and the mauza or pargana should be made out.

99. If after the Jamabandi is corrected for mutations and partitionsthere is a difference in the revenue owing to patta calculation, the differ-ence should be reported to the Deputy Commissioner or the Sub-Divivisional Officer.

100. After filing his plus and minus settlement abstract, the re-corder will proceed to correct the local periodic Jamabandi and theJamabandi register so to carry out changes which have been sanctionedand which appear over the initials of Sub-DeputyCollector and other offic-ers duly empowered in the field chitha. In all cases the recorder will initialdate and the correction and quote the date of the order.

With a view to minimising the detention of the recorders at theRegistrar Kanungo’s Office, of the Registerar Kanuango should, in consul-tation with the Sub-Deputy Collector and subject to the approval of theDeputy Commissioner or Sub-Divisional Officer, draw up a regularprogramme for corrections to be done by recorders in batches (see rule26).

101. At the same time that the recorder makes these correctionsin the jamandandi register, the changes already made by the RegistrarKanungo in the jamabandi register shall be brought on to the recorder’sfield chitha and the local jamabandi.

102. The recorder will then fill up for his own lot a blank form of theannual statement of mutations (From 15). He will then sign the form andmake it over to the Supervisor Kanungo who will submit it with a consoli-dated statement for his sub-circle to the Sub-Deputy Collector . The latterwill send all the returns to the Registrar Kanungo (rule 185).

The prepa-ration of thevillage andlot plus andm i n u ssettlement.

Discripanciesfrom pattacalculation

Correctionof jamabandiregister.

Changes or-dered by theCourt.

Register ofmautations

43

103. When the recorder spends his recess else-where than at theheadquarters of the district or subdivision, he will for the purpose of com-plying with the above, rules, visit the subdivisional headquaters for a pe-riod not exceeding one week. He must take with him his own field chithaand the local periodic Jamabnadi.

104. The recorder may on no account leave his recess headquaterseither for the purpose of the foregoing rule or for any other cause until hehas completed his plus and minus settelement abstracts.

105. (1) It will be the duty of the recorder to prepare during thesummer recess new pattas for annual holdings or periodic holdings forwhich new pattas have been ordered to be issued. The recorder maypropose the issue of periodic pattas for lands which saisfy the conditionsmentioned below, the fulfilment of which must be stated in a report to besubmitted through and certified by the Supervisor Kanungo. But no peri-odic pattas should be proposed or ordered to be issued unless formalapplications have been made affixing court fee stamps worth Rupee oneor higher denomination as may be fixed by Government from time to timeand premium for conversion of annual land to periodic has been paid inone or more instalments and at the rate as fixed by Government from timeto time.

All applications for conversion should be enquired into and disposedof, as far as possible, within a period of three months from the date ofreceipt of the application.

2) The conditions to be fulfiled are as follows :–

(a) The land should be demarcated and actually surveyed and itssurvey and area calculation should be tested by the Supervisor Kanungo.The land must be in a village which has been traversed, surveyed, mappedand classed.

(b) The land must be actually cultivated with some permanent crop,such as, transplanted rice or permanent broadcast winter rice or perma-nent rice seedlings or permanent cold weather crops or occupied forpermanent residential purposes.

Provided that periodic pattas will not be issued in contravention ofthe provisions of section 23 of the Settlement Rules framed under theAssam Land and Revenue Regulation and no new periodic patta shall beissued in respect of land within one chain (66 feet) of the 35 feet reser-vation along roads maintained by the State or the Union Government withoutspecial orders from the Government.

Provided further that no new periodic pattas will be proposed orordered to be issued, if there exists any dispute over possession or overprima-facie title of the land in question.

Visit toheadquar-ters

Issue ofnew annualand periodicpartas.

44

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in the foregoing parts of therule, no new periodic pattas shall be proposed or ordered to be issued forlands within an area covered by a mining lesse or situated within a townarea or within 2 miles from the town area or within such distance from thetown area as may be notified by the State Government from time to time,except under special orders of Government and on payment of such pre-mium, if any, as may be fixed by Government from time to time.

106. The recorder will then prepare his field map for the ensuing tourby inking up periodic and annual fields newly settled.

Provided that in the immature and fluctuating villages where tempo-rary cultivation is practised and where the boundaries of holdings aresubject to changes due to floods, or non-maintenance of permanent bound-aries, the annual dags may be kept in pencil.

SECTION 8– WINTER TOUR107. The recorder’s work in the winter tour will fall under the following

heads :–

(a) Distribution of patta

(b) Supplementary survey and settlement

(c) Recording of area under different crops, both irrigated andunirrigated separately and collection of other land uses statistics.

(d) Inspection of survey marks.

(e) Perparation of a list of fields converted from agricultural to non-agricultural uses.

(f) Preparation of a list of persons possessing or acquiring land inexcess of the total holding prmissible under the law on Ceiling.

(g) Recording of seasonal crops areas under different and fifferentland utilisation.

108. The recorder should complete distribution of regular settlementpattas by the 15th November.

109. In surveying and mapping supplementary settlement lands therecorder will follow rules 44-49 and he should again visit all sarkari dagsto ensure that no land taken up escapes assessment. All sarkari landstaken up for possession without obtaining orders of settlement shall beassessed to tauzi-bahir revenue and carried to tauzi-bahir jamabandi andrecorder shall submit encroachment reports for such unauthorised occu-pations.

The recorder will inspect all the fields including those already in-spected in the spring tour for recording of area under different crops and

Survey forsupple-mentarysettle-ment.

Operation ofcold weathertour.

Distributionof pattas

45

collection of other land uses statistics. While collecting information aboutfallow land, the recorder will ascertain from the cultivators accurately theperiod of keeping the land fallow and then record as current fallow, otherfallows or culturable waste land as the case may be. Current fallow de-notes land which is kept fallow for the current year; old fallows denote landkept fallow for 2 to 5 years. Culturable waste denotes land kept fallowmore than 5 years and also includes lands which have never been culti-vated but fit for cultivation. He will devote the period from 1st Novemberto 30th November and 1st January to 15th January for recording of areaunder crops and collection of other land uses statistics. Proper care shouldbe exercised in recording double and multiple cropping area.

SECTION 9 - WINTER RECESS110. The duties of the recorder during the winter recess will fall under

the following heads–

(a) Verification of areas, check with class map and the note book.

(b) Preparation of the annual supplementary Jamabandi.

(c) Totalling of jamabandi and field chitha.

(d) Preparation of village and circle supplementary plus and minussettlement abstract.

(e) Preparation of the area abstract.

(f) Preparation of the crop abstract part II.

(g) Preparation of new pattas.

(h) Copying field chithas for the ensuring year.

(i) Preparation of irrigation abstract.

It is desirable that, if possible, the recorder should be permitted toperform these duties in his lot under the supervision of the Kanungo, asthis arrangement will leave him more time for his field work.

111. All lands taken up in the supplementary settlement will be treatedas annual. Lands of the kinds mentioned in rule 105 will be converted intoperiodic at the following regular settlement. When periodic pattas areprovisionally excluded from regular settlement under rule 208, the pattaswill not be cut out in the jamabandi but a note will be left in the remarkscolumn of the jamabandi that they are provisionally excluded, to facilitatethe preparation of the jama-wasil or tauzi by the mauzadar or the tahsildar.

The enquiry by the Kanungo and the Sub-Deputy Collector underrules 158 and 207 must be finished before the Supplementary settlement.Those pattas the lands of which are found to be occupied by the pattadar

Class ofpattas newand re-included

46

should be restored in the periodic jamabandi in the suplementary settle-ment and should not be converted into annual; the previous note in theremarks column in the jamabandi being crossed out. In cases where theland is not occupied, a report should be submitted to the Deputy Commis-sioner for obtaining the sanction of the commissioner to the exclusion andthe entries in the jamabandi will be cut out after the sanction of the Com-missioner is received.

112. (i) The recorder immediately on coming to office will start the lotplus and minus settlement abstract. He will then prepare village-wisearea, crop and irrigation abstracts for his lot which should reach theSepervisor Kanungo within the specified time.

(ii) While compiling the area abstract, the recorder will first obtainthe page totals of the chitha for area in accordance with the classificationof land on the basis of its use and note down the page totals in the areaabstract form for compilation of the village totals. As provided in the areaabstract, these are to be obtained separately for settled land and un-settled lands. Page totals should also be made in the chitha in respect ofcrop abstract Part II and irrigation abstract. The recorder will submit thevillage-wise consolidated abstracts along with the compilation sheets tothe Supervisor Kanungo. The Supervisor Kanungo will keep the compila-tion sheets with him for one year after submission of the abstracts to theCircle Officer.

(iii) The forest area of the village will consist of two parts. The firstpart will be for the cadastral area and the second part for the non-cadas-tral area. Part I will be obtained from the chitha and noted in column 2 ofArea Abstract. The second part, i.e., forests in non-cadastral area, may beroughly estimated by the recorder and noted in column 14 of Area Ab-stract. The two parts will be added and noted in column 28 of the AreaAbstract.

This, however, will not give the total forest area. The forest areasunder the control of the Forest Department will be still left out. As thisforest area cannot be accounted for in this chitha and area abstract to beprepared by the Recorder, these figures should be obtained from theDistrict Forest Authorities at the district level as the third part of the forestarea in the district. The sum of all these three types of forest area shouldbe noted in the Area Abstract at the district level.

(iv) The difinitions and explanations for other classes of land-use aregiven under Rule 59.

(v) Authorities at the various levels will submit the area abstract fortheir respective jurisdictions in accordance with the following time table–

a) Recorder to Supervisor Kanungo ...... 1st March.

b) Supervisor Kanungo to Circle Officer ...... 15th March.

Supple-mentarysettlementabstract,cropabstract,pattas, andirrigationabstract.

47

c) Circle Officer to Deputy Commissioner ...... 31st March.

d) Deputy Commissiner to the Director ...... 15th April.of Statistic with copy to Government

e) State Government to Central Government .... 15th May.

(vi) Crop abstract has been split up into two aprts. The recorders willprepare the crop abstract in Part I after the spring tour and in Part II afterthe winter tour.

Columns have been provided for recording of all the crops on all-India basis excepting some crops which are either grown in negligiblearea or not grown at all in Assam. Columns have been provided for re-cording the area irrigated and area unirrigated in respect of each of thecrop. These columns may be filled up from the chitha.

The method of mixed cropping is rarely practised is Assam. In Hilldistricts where Jhum cultivation is done, mixed cropping is resorted to insome areas. In the plains districts mixed cropping is not extensively doneexcept in case of Autumn (Ahu) and winter (Bao) paddy. Two crop mix-tures are generally sown and the practice of sowing 3 or 4 crops as sub-stantial components of the mixture is rare Some columns have been pro-vided in crop abstract for recording the major crop-mixtures only.

The authorities at the various levels will submit the Crop Abstract fortheir respective jurisdiction in accordance with the following time table–

a) Part I – (i) Recorder to Supervisor Kanungo– 1st July.

(ii) Supervisor Kanungo to Circle Officer–15th July.

(iii) Circle Officer to Deputy Commissioner–30th July.

iv) Deputy Commissioner to the Director of15th August. Statistics with copy to Government.

v) State Government to Central Government 16th September.

b) Part II– (i) Recorder to Supervisor Kanungo. 1st February

(ii) Supervisor Kanungo to Circle Officer.15th February

(iii) Circle Officer to Deputy Commissioner.1st March

(iv) Deputy Commissioner to the Director 15th March of Statistics with copy to Government.

(v) State Government to Central Government. 15th April

48

(vii) After the completion of the area and crop abstracts for his lot,the recorder will prepare annual pattas for supplementary-settlement lands(Dariabadi).

(viii) The recorder after preparation of the area and crop abstractsand preparation of annual pattas for supplementary settlement lands, willprepare the irrigation abstract in the prescribed form.

The authorities at the various levels will submit the irrigation abstractfor their respective jurisdictions in accordance with the following time table–

(i) Recorder to Supervisor Kanungo. 1st February

(ii) Supervisor Kanungo to Circle Officer. 15th February.

(iii) Circle Officer to Deputy Commissioner. 1st March.

(iv) Deputy Commissioner to the Director of 15th March. Statistics with copy to Government.

(v) State Government to Central Government. 15th April.

(ix) During the currency of a resettlement operation, the SettlementOfficer will be responsible for collection of crop and land uses statisticsand compilation of area, crop and irrigation abstracts.

113. The recorder will then prepare from the current field chithas inaccordance with rule 57 new field chithas for a third of the villages of hislot. In cases of sanctioned mutations the entry in column 7 (names ofpattadar) will be changed according to the orders passed. In cases wherean entry has been made in Column 8, but mutation not sanctioned, theentry will be repeated. When a recorder has re-written the field chitha ofa village in accordance with this rule, every dag of the new chitha will becompared by another recorder with the corresponding dag of the old chitha.Both the recorders will sign and date the fly-leaf of the new chitha. TheSupervisor Kanungo will also compare at least 10 per cent of the dags ofthe new chitha with the corresponding dags of the old chitha and will initialthe dags which he compares. The Kanungo will then sign and date acertificate on the fly-leaf of the new chitha to the effect that he has carriedout this comparison. When a chitha is rewritten, sufficient space should beleft between each field entry for recording the crop statistics.

There should be a few blank pages in every chitha on which the Sub-Deputy Collector and the Supervisor Kanungo will note each visit whichthey make to the village itself and any instructions which they give to therecorder in respect of that village.

Preparingnew draftChitha

49

SECTION 10 – UNSURVEYED AREAS114. As most of the unsurveyed areas would be surveyed either on

traverse or by triangulation under rule 18, there should be very little unsur-veyed area in any district, but where there is unsurveyed area, the follow-ing rules will be observed.

115. In unsurveyed as in surveyed areas the duty of the recorder isto enter correctly in a chitha, the name of every person occupying land, thearea occupied, the class of the land, the crop grown and the other particu-lars prescribed and to keep the record correctly upto-date year by year.In unsurveyed areas the records to be kept by a recorder do not includea map but he will keep a rough sketch in pencil-drawing showing theareas with plot numbers, indicating the position and direction of the northline on the sketch and if possible with reference to the nearest cadastralvillage.

116. The re-corder will tour at the same seasons and be in recessfrom the same dates as are prescribed for the recorder of surveyed ar-eas.

117. In order to ascertain the area of each field, the recorder willmeasure the four sides with a ‘tar’ of 12 feet and enter the lengths in theproper columns in the chitha. The average length multiplied by the aver-age breadth gives the rough area.

118. Fields will be numbered serially for each village. So far aspossible, unchanged cultivation will retain the same number from year toyear, but the number of a periodic field must never be changed.

119. The recorder will write up the chitha at the same time that hesurveys the fields, entering the boundaries of the fields on the north, south,east and west as well as its position with reference to the field, if any,preceding it in the chitha. The chitha will contain all fields, whether annualor periodic, and will be rewritten every year. He will maintain in a blankpage of the chitha a list of new fields.

120. The other forms and registers to be maintained for unsurveyedareas are as follows –

(1) Annual Jamabandi ..... ...... Form 4.

(2) Periodic Jamabandi.... ...... Form 4.

(3) Relinquishment register ...... Form 5.

(4) Faut, Ferar and Jotrahin list .... Form 6

(5) Plus and minus settlement abstract From 11.

Duty ofrecorder

Tour andrecess

Method ofSurvey.

Numberingof fields

The Chitha

50

121. The recorder will deal with relinquishments, and faut, ferarand jotrahin cases in the same manner as is laid down for surveyedareas.

122. The recorder will prepare the annual jamabandi. He willalso correct the periodic Jamabandi in the manner prescribed for cor-recting the periodic papers in surveyed areas.

123. The lot plus and minus settlement abstract and the areacrop and irrigation abstracts will be prepared in the same form and at thesame time of the year as for surveyed areas.

124. When unsurveyed areas have been surveyed under theprocedure described in rule 18, they will, of couse be dealt with as sur-veyed.

51

PART II KANUNGOS

Section 1– Supervisor Kanungo

125. (i) In each district there is a sanctioned cadre of SupervisorKanungos. Supervisor Kanungos have been declared to be ministerialofficers with effect from 1st August, 1933 (vide Government order No.2109–R, dated the 15th July, 1933). Appointments to the office of theSupervisor Kanungos are made by the Deputy Commissioner from amongthe recorders of his district. A register of candidates considered by theDeputy Commissioner suitable for the post should be maintained in eachSubdivision. Only those who have successfully passed the Special Classcourse of the Assam Survey School should ordinarily be selected. Previ-ous sanction of the Director of Land Records should be obtained whenit is proposed on special grounds to appoint a candidate who has notpassed the Special Class course of the Assam Survey School.

(ii) (a) An appeal against the order of Deputy Commissioner forappointment to a permanent post shall lie to the Director of Land Recordswithin 60 days from the date on which the appellant receives a copy ofthe order appealed against.

(b) An appeal against the order of the Director of Land Recordsshall lie to the Government in the Revenue Department within a period of90 days from the date on which the appellant receives a copy of the orderappealed against.

(iii) No school fees will be charged from those recommended by theDeputy Commissioner for admission for training to the special class.When a recorder is deputed for training to the Special Class at the AssamSurvey School to qualify for the post of Supervisor Kanungo and theDeputy Commissioner is satisfied that his work cannot be carried onwithout a substitute, a substitute may be appointed on usual grade payduring th period of such training not exceeding one term. The chargeshould be paid from the budget of the Deputy Commissioner concerned.

(iv) Transfers of Supervisor Kanungos within the district will be madeby the Deputy Commissioner. Transfers from one district to another shouldbe exceptional and opinions of both the Deputy Commissioners con-cerned should be taken before the transfer is made. Such transfers willbe made by the Director of Land Records. When the Director of Landrecords has recorded, in an inspection memo, that is necessary in theinterest of efficiency that a Supervisor Kanungo should be transferredfrom one Sub-circle to another Sub-circle, such transfer will be carriedout.

Tarnsfer

52

(v) Rule 7 regarding the acquisition of immoveable property and thesettlement of land with recorders applies mutatis mutandis to SupervisorKanungos.

(vi) Rule 27 in respect of travelling allowance and mileage appliesmutatis mutandis to Supervisor Kanungos.

126. The Deputy Commissioner has power to suspend Supervi-sor Kanungo and impose minor punishment (e.g., censure, recovery frompay, etc.) subject to an appeal to the Commissioner. Orders involving amajor punishment (e.g. dismissal, removal, compulsory retirement, reduc-tion in rank) will be made only by the Commissioner. During resettlementperiod, the power of the Deputy Commissioner in this respect will beexercised by the Settlement Officer. Regular proceeding should be drawnbefore punishment according to the procedure laid down by Governmentfrom time to time. When the Commissioner is in doubt as to the order,appellate or original which he should pass in regard to the punishment ofa supervisor Kanungo, he may consult the Director of land Records. Alongwith the annual report, the Deputy Commissioner or the Settlement Officer,as the case may be will forward to the Director of Land Records, a state-ment of all the punishments imposed during the year on the SupervisorKanungos of his district.

127. Proposals for the creation or redistribution of sub-circles involv-ing increase or decrease in the sanctioned staff of Supervisor Kanungosof a district will be submitted by the Deputy Commissioner direct to theDirector of Land Records. The Director of Land Records will scrutinize andsubmit them with his recommendations or remarks, if any, to Governmentfor sanction.

Proposal for the redistribution of Sub-circle involving neither increasenor decrease in the sanctioned staff of Supervisor Kanungos of the districtmay be sanctioned by the Commissioner, if necessary, after consultationwith the Director of Land Records.

In submitting such proposals, the grounds of these together with sta-tistics of the population, the total and settled area, number of establishedand fluctuating surveyed and unsurveyed villages, number of recorders,land revenue and, if the proposal is based upon extension of cultivation,the newly settled area for the last three consecutive years in the existingand proposed Sub-circles should be clearly set forth.

128. A Supervisor Kanungo should maintain a bicycle in goodcondition for which he may be granted advance by the Deputy Commis-sioner.

129. (a) A number of monthly field alowances at Rs. 20 and Rs. 15generally equal to the number of Supervisor Kanungos, is alloted to eachdistrict for distribution amongst them. They will be granted and may be

Punish-ment

Increaseof staff

53

withdrawn by the Director of Land Records. Although an allowance willgenerally be available for each Kanungo, they will be granted only to thosewho thoroughly deserve it. No field allowance will be drawn during anyperiod of training in the Assam Survey School.

(b) Rewards will be given to Supervisor Kanungos for exceptionallygood work, e.g., in resettlement and extension Survey.

130. The Supervisor Kanungo of each Sub-circle will live in his Sub-circle at the place which is fixed by the Deuty Commissioner to be hisheadquarters.

131. The pay of Supervisor Kanungos whose headquarters aremore than 10 miles distant from Sadar or Subdivisional headquartersmay be remitted by postal money order. Provided that (1) when a Super-visor Kanungo is expected in the Sadar or Sub-divisional headquarters inconnection with his work within a short period after the close of the month,his pay may be kept over and given to him on his arrival, (2) when theSupervisor Kanungo’s, headquarters are also the head-quarters of a circleand a peon is about to be sent there on other business, the SupervisorKanungo’s pay may be sent to him through the peon.

132. A Supervisor Kanungo must not leave his sub-circle exceptas provided for in these rules without the written permission of the DeputyCommissioner. No Supervisor Kanungo must, save in very special cir-cumstances, be given leave of abstanece, even wihout pay, during thefollowing periods except on production of a medical certificate signed bya medical officer-in-charge of a dispensary:–

(1) November 1st to date of filing the area and crop abstract.

(2) March 1st to date of completion of all papers of the regularsettlement.

Provided that in case of illness of which the duration is short, or thecharacter severe, the certificate of the Sub-Deputy Collector may beaccepted by the Deputy Commissioner.

In urgent cases the Sub-Deputy Collcetor may grant casual leaveupto 10 days in the year.

133. Should a Supervisor Kanungo be transferred, he must person-ally make over to his successor the whole of the books, papers andinstruments of the Sub-circle making a detailed list of all the papers andinstruments in triplicate. A copy of the list should be sent to the CircleOfficer with the signatures of both the relieved and the relieving Supervi-sor Kanungos.

134. It is one of the principal duties of a Supervisor Kanungo to givethe raiyats any information touching their holdings which they may requireof him.

Residence

Disburse-ment ofpay

Leave ofabsence

Taking overcharge,

Informationto raiyats

54

135. The Supervisor Kanungo will maintain a diary in a paged boundbook in the form prescribed in which he will enter each day an abstract ofthe nature and amount of each item of work done during the day, wherehe has been working and where he spent the night.

136. When the Supervisor Kanungo attends a Government Office orCourt or has occasion to attend upon any Government Officer, he shouldobtain the signature of the officer-in-charge or officer concerned attestingthe number of days for which he was detained or number of days on whichhe attended.

The diary should show under the signature of the Sub-Deputy Collec-tor, the date on which the Supervisor Kanungo submits,–

(a) the last regular and supplementary general settlement (dual) forhis sub-circle,

(b) the area and crop abstract of his sub-circle.

137. If the Supervisor Kanungo has made any local enquiries, hisdiary should show the nature of the case and officer under whose ordershe has worked.

138. Each Supervisor Kanungo will keep an inspection book inwhich the superior officers visiting the sub-circle will record their remarks.

139. Whenever a Supervisor Kanungo visits a recorder or inspectshis works, he must also examine his diary, and note in it the fact of suchvisit or inspection, the general character of recorder’s work and any or-ders passed by him. He will enter in the recorder’s note-book the resultsof any check lines that are run.

140. The Supervisor Kanungo is responsible for–

(i) the punctual submission of all returns and statements prescribed,

(ii) the proper and punctual performance by the recorders of theirprescribed duties,

(iii) providing guidance to backward recorders in their duties,

(iv) the equipment of the recorders of his sub-cirlce with the neces-sary survey instruments and the recovery of the price of any instrumentslost or damaged otherwise than by fair wear and tear.

141. Should a Supervisor Kanungo consider that a recorder’s workis slack or badly done, he will report the fact to the Sub-Deputy Collector,with such details as may be necessary to enable suitable orders to bepassed.

He must also at once report to the Sub-Deputy Collector any re-corder who is found, by an examination of the weekly progress returns, tohave submitted a false return of the work done by him during any week.

Diary

Entries tobe made inre-corder’sdiary andnote book

Generalresponsibili-ties

Report ofRecorder’sbad work

55

142. The Supervisor Kanungo will be supplied with a wired tapefor the check of the recorder’s chains in his sub-circle.

143. When the Supervisor Kanungo visits a village in which the re-corder has laid out his measuring standard, he must check the standardwith his tape and correct it, if necessary.

144. In localities where for any reason the survey is difficult it will bethe duty of the Supervisor Kanungo to have earthen mounds erected notless than four feet high and six feet in diameter at the base, for the pur-pose of assisting the recorder in his work. These mounds must be care-fully placed in position by the Kanungo himself and marked by him on therecorder’s map. They will then be entered in the recorder’s majmili mapand in the register of survey marks.

145. The Supervisor Kanungo will be on tour throughout the recorder’sSpring and Winter tours. The Prescribed minimum of touring is 200 days.Of these 200 days, at least 50 nighs will be spent outside headquarters.

146. The Supervisor Kanungo will forward to the Sub-DeputyCollector every Sunday an abstract of his diary for the past week in Form13. Such statements will be destroyed six months after the period to whichthey relate.

CHECK OF RECORDERS’ FIELD WORK147. The Supervisor Kanungo will be on his rounds of testing the

recorders’ work and seeing that they work correctly, during the whole of therecorders’ two field seasons. He will also ensure that the recorders cor-rectly record in the chitha the areas under different crops and areas of landput to other uses. He will check intensively the crop recording work inrespect of at least one village of each recorder. In each of such villagesspot verification will be done on the entries made by the recorder in re-spect of at least 30 days. To make the supervision more effective, thetechnique of random sampling will be adopted for selection of villages anddags. The Statistical Officer posted to the district will make available thelist of selected villages to the Circle Officers during the last week of Mayfor spring tour and 2nd week of Novemebr for winter tour. Like the record-ers, the Supervisor Kanungo will also devote the period from 15th May to15th June during spring tour and 1st November to 30th November and 1stJanuary to 15th January during winter tour for checking the work of therecorders in respect of collection of agricultural statistics.

The District Statistical Officers will provide necessary guidance forselection of dags. The particulars of land utilisation of the selected dagsas observed by the Supervisor Kanungo and as recorded by the recorderin the chitha will be noted in the form supplied by the Statistical Officer. The

Check ofRecorder’sChain

Check ofRecorder’smeasuringstandard

Kanungo’sdhips

Duration oftour

56

Supervisor Kanungo will submit two copies of the form immediately afterthe checking to his Circle Officer.

148. The Supervisor Kanungo’s checks are of two kinds, first, bymeasurement and second by inspection. The first is effected by the chain-ing of check lines; the second by visiting a field, examining its boundariesand its features and by making enquiries concerning it.

149. Check by measurment, that is to say, by chaining check lines,is most necessary in the case of new fields, brought on to the map whetherin the course of the regular survey or in that of the supplementary survey.The aggregate length of check lines run each year should not be less than160 chains for every square mile of new cultivation including land taken upin the supplementary settlement. A check line should be run through anyblock of new cultivation exceeding 50 bighas in extent. But it should rarelybe necessary to run a check line of greater length than 50 chains, andordinarily lines of 20 to 30 chains will suffice.

150. In fluctuating villages where no survey marks are fixed the checklines need not be connected with any theodolite points and may be runfrom field corner to field corner. In all other cases the check lines should,as far as possible, start from and end upon, permanent survey marks.

151. The Supervisor Kanungo must himself correct errors which hediscovers in the course of his check chaining, unless they affect the chaineddistance within individual fields by less than 5 per cent (i.e., 1 link in 20)or unless they entail a complete re-survey. In the latter case he must recorda formal order in the recorder’s note book for re-survey of the fields andthis resurvey must be effected immediately.

152. Discrepancies between the recorder’s survey and the Supervi-sor Kanungo’s check may be due to the expansion or contraction of themap paper or to differences between the chains used for survey and forcheck respectively. Care must be taken to secure that such discrepanciesare not treated as errors and that the recorder’s survey is not altered ontheir account.

153. Details of check lines will be entered (1) in the recorder’snote book and (2) in a field book of the Supervisor Kanungo. The detailsmust show any differences of total distance and Katan distances, as foundon the ground and as shown by the recorder on the map. The date of thecheck, the name of the village and the numbers of the fields on which thecheck line began and ended should be entered. The check line should bemarked on the recorder’s map by a dot-and-dash line.

154. Check by Inspection should be effected in the case of not lessthan 20 per cent of the entries in the Chitha. It should include (1) thegeneral examination of field boundaries to ascertain whether any changeis needed, (2) the comparison of the Chitha entries for crop (including

GeneralCharater ofcheck.

Check bymasurements

Fluctuatingvillages

Correctionof errors

Discrepan-cies thatare notdue toerror

Record ofmapchecking.

Check byInspection

57

double crop), current fallow or other fallow and culturable waste with thefacts as seen on the ground and (3) the ascertainment, by such enquiry asis possible of the correctness of the entry showing the settlement-holder inpossession.

155. One of the most important purposes of the Supervisor Kanungo’sinspection is to secure that newly taken land is surveyed, recorded andassessed, and if it is found that newly-taken land has escaped assess-ment, it will lie with the Supervisor Kanungo to explain how it escaped hischeck. In making this check, he will be assisted by the list of newly-takenfields entered by the recorder on a blank page of the Chitha.

In unsurveyed areas there is every likelihood of unassessed cultiva-tion. Each year the Supervisor Kanungo must visit the unsurveyed areas,if any, within his sub-circle in order to ascertain whether any cultivation hasescaped assessment.

156. Erros that are found by the Supervisor Kanungo must be cor-rected by him. He must initial in the Chitha every number that he checksby inspection, and he must mention in his diary the map number of allfields so checked in each village.

157. The Supervisor Kanungo will check as many as possible of theentries in the list of relinquished fields and in the list of fields of which theassessment is to be altered or on which additional assessment is to beimposed on account of their conversion to non-agricultural use.

158. In the course of the months of May or June or during thefollowing cold weather, the Supervisor Kanungo must check every entry inthe recorder’s list of faut, ferar and jotrahin settlement holders and mustattest the list with his signature. He is responsible for the detection andcorrection of errors. If his check is not effected until the cold weather andhe finds that fields have been wrongly listed and have been excluded fromsettlement, he must submit a report for their re-inclusion in the papers ofthe supplementary settlement or their assessment as Tauzi-Bahir. TheSupervisor Kanungo will forward to the Sub-Deputy Collector the record-ers list of faut, ferar and jotrahin fields noting on it the entries which he haschecked and retaining a copy with him.

159. When the Supervisor Kanungo visits a village, he must satisfyhimself that all tri-junction marks are in proper order and in the case ofestablished villages, that theodolite stations and supplementary moundsare plainly visible on the ground.

Ommissionof newlytaken land.

Correctionof Chithaentries

Check ofRelinquish-ment

Check offault ferarand jotrahinlists

Inspectionof boundarymarks

58

CHECK OF RECORDER’S RECESS WORK

160. The Supervisor Kanungo will personally direct and control thework of his recorders during the recess, and will be responsible that thevarious tasks to be completed are taken up systematically by each ofthem, and that each one of them understands what is expected of him.

161. He will check 10 per cent of the area calcualtions and landclassification for new and changed fields.

162. The assessments calculated by the recorder for new and changedfields must be checked by totalling the areas of such fields class by class,by claculating the assessement for the class totals and by comparing theresult with the total assessment obtained by adding up the individual as-sessment of the fields.

163. In tracts that have been resettled, the Supervisor Kanungo isresponsible that this recorders understand the calcualtion of revenue bythe soil-unit system. He should check the revenue calculations in the caseof 10 per cent of the new fields to ascertain whether the correct multipliershave been used (Rule 92).

164. The Supervisor Kanungo will check at least ten per cent of thepage totals in respect of crop and other land uses statistics in case ofexperienced recorders and twenty per cent in case of inexperienced re-corders. He will compare the page totals checked by him with the entriesmade by the recorders in the respective abstract form submitted by therecorders along with the villagewise consolidated abstracts. He will signagainst each page total in the abstract form whose totals are checked inthe chitha. He will check the village totals in respect of at least 20 percentof the villages before preparation of the consolidated villagewise state-ment for his sub-circle. Village-wise statements for crop, area and irriga-tion abstracts are to be prepared in duplicate and one copy of each ofthem should be submitted to the Circle Officer on or before the specifieddates.

If any recorder does not submit the crop abstract Part I on 1st July (if1st July happens to be holiday or a Sunday, on the next opening day) andcrop abstract Part II, area abstract and irrigation abstract on 1st February(if 1st February happens to be a holiday or Sunday, then on the nextopening day), he will submit a list of defaulting recorders to the CircleOfficer immediately.

165. He will further compare : –

(1) five percent of the jamabandi entries with the corresponding chithaentries,

Control andCheck ofrecesswork.

Check oftheCalcula-tion ofnewassess-ments.

Check oftotalling

Check ofCompari-son

59

(2) the Jamabandi total area with the Chitha total area of settledholdings,

(3) the entries of the relinquishment register with the Chitha,

(4) the entries of faut, ferar and Jotrahin lists with the Chitha.

166. The Supervisor Kanungo will check a certain number of entriesin each plus and minus settlement abstract.

167. He will sign all the field chithas and Jamabandis as passed byhim.

168. He will compare all new pattas with the Jamabandi and initialthem.

169. He will scrutinise each map as inked up and see that it hasbeen inked up in accordance with rules.

170. He will check at least ten percent of corrections of the localperiodic Jamabandi effected by the recorder under rule 100. In the Cachardistrict where mutation is the main work of the recorder, the check shallbe twenty-five percent.

171. It is one of the most important duties of the Supervisor Kanungoto prepare the settlement assessment statement (dual) for each Mauza orPargana of his sub-circle . The statement for the regular settlement is duefrom him on the 1st August and that for the supplementary settlement onthe 1st February. Recorders and Supervisor Kanungos shall give a cer-tificate on the duals to the effect that “all Sarkari dags have been visitedand that no occupied Sarkari land has been left unassessed”. During thecurrency of a re-settlement operation, the Settlement Officer will be re-sponsible for getting regular and supplementary duals prepared by theSupervisor Kanungos.

REGISTERS172. The most imporatant register to be maintained by the Su-

pervisor Kanungo is the statistical register of village areas. This will be inForms A, B and C, appended. As the register is in three parts it shouldbe maintained in three volumes. A page will be allotted to each village inwhich he will enter a line of the totals for each year.

173. Other registers to be maintained by the Supervisor Kanungoare :–

(1) Instrument Ledger Account (Form D).

(2) Instrument Day Book Account.

174. The Instrument Day Book Account will be in book form show-ing the receipt and issue of instruments. A few pages will be allotted toeach kind of instrument and entries will be made as illustarted below :–

Check ofmutations

SettlementassessmentStatement

(dual)

60

Chains :– In hand on 1st July, 1961 10

Issued to recorder X and Y

on 1st November, 1961.

Received from RegistrarKanungo on 31st January,1962Balance in hand

175. The Instrument Ledger Account will be in Form D. A numberof pages will be allotted for each recorder’s lot and for each year four linesof figures will be entered, showing respectively (1) the number of service-able instruments in hand at commencement of the year, (2) the numberbecome unserviceable or lost during the year, (3) the number suppliedduring the year and (4) balance of serviceable instruments in hand at theclose of the year.

RETURNS176. On 1st July the Supervisor Kanungo shall submit to the Sub-

Deputy Collector an abstract of the instrument ledger account and applyfor sanction to write off unserviceable instruments. He will at the sametime apply for instruments required to supply deficiencies. The abstractledger account will be forwarded to the Registrar Kanungo (See rule 192).The Sub-Deputy Collector will after enquiry sanction the writing off of un-serviceable instruments (See rule 220).

177. The Supervisor Kanungo will report the results of his inspectionwork for the twelve months ending 30th September by submitting in dupli-cate to the Deputy Commissioner through the Sub-Deputy Collector con-cerned on the 1st October a statement in form F appended. The DeputyCommissioner will forward a copy of the statement to the Director of LandRecords. Each statement must show the work of the preceding settlementyear ending on 30th September.

178. On the 1st October of each year he will submit for the twelvemonths ending 30th September in standardised form 8, a statement of thecondition of the boundary marks in his charge to the Deputy Commis-sioner through the Sub-Deputy Collector concerned. A compiled state-ment in this from for the district will be forwarded by the Deputy Commis-sioner to the Director of Land Records.

179. The following is the list of various returns for the timely submis-sion of which the Supervisor Kanungo is responsible :–

Annualreturn ofSurveyinstru-ments.

Annualworkreturn

List ofSupervisorKanungos,returns

61

(1) Weekly Abstract Diary.

(2) Regular Settlement Statements for his Sub-Circle by 1st August.

(3) Supplementary Settlement Statement for his Sub-Circle by 1stFebruary.

(4) Area crop and Irrigation Abstracts for his Sub-Circle on duedates.

(5) Other crop statistics returns on due dates.

(6) Annual work return. by 1st

(7) Annual instrument return October.

(8) Annual survey marks return.

SECTION – 2 REGISTRAR KANUNGO180. Registrar kanungos are appointed, punished and dismissed

by the Deputy Commissioner and appeals against the DeputyCommissioner’s order lie to the Commissioner. Deputy Commissionersare expected to give due weight to any recommendation for punishmentor dismissal which may be made by the Director of Land Records and inthe case of any difference of opinion, the Director of Land Records is atliberty to refer the matter to the Commissioner.

181. The main duties of the Registrar Kanungos are as follows :–

(1) Custody and maintenance of the Jamabandi registers.

(2) Custody and issue of maps.

(3) Custody and issue of instruments.

(4) Preparation of recorder’s and Supervisor Kanungos pay bills.

(5) Preparation of consolidated area crop and irrigation abstracts and crop forecast returns.

(6) Preparation of the general settlement statements (dual) for the Mauzas and for the whole subdivision.

(7) The forwarding punctually of all the crop statistics returns to departments concerned.

(8) Preparation and timely submission of other returns to the Director of Land Records and Government.

182. The principal duty of the Registrar Kanungo is to maintain theJamabandi Register up-to-date,

Duties

Appoint-ment andPunish-ment.

62

(1) by correcting it or causing it to be corrected, so as to give effectto the orders passed for mutation or partition or for alteration of classifi-cation and altered or additional assessment of agricultural fields con-verted to non-agricultural use.

(2) by striking off or causing to be struck off, land which has beenrelinquished or has been excluded as faut, ferar or jotrahin or settlementof which has been annulled and by adding or causing to be added anynew land which is settled periodically or any land which is transferred fromannual to periodic. All corrections in the Jamabandi Register shall bemade in red ink and shall bear, in addition to any other signature, thesignature and date of the Registrar Kanungo and a reference to the au-thority for the correction.

183. Orders for mutation or partition shall be carried out in the fol-lowing manner:-

(i) In the case of orders for mutation passed by a Court in theregular procedure, the files shall be sent to the Registrar Kanungo, whoshall personally correct the Jamabandi Register as require by the orderof the Court. He shall sign and date the correction in the JamabandiRegister and shall make a reference in the column of remark of theJamabandi Register to the number and date of the regular case He shallalso make a note of compliance in the record of the case.

Similar action shall be taken by the Registrar Kanungo in respect ofthe orders passed by the Civil Court under rule 118 or by the DeputyCommissoner under rule 119 of the Rules framed under the Assam Landand Revenue Regulation.

In the case of orders for partition passed by a Court, the records ofthe partition cases shall be sent to the Sub-Deputy Collector who will giveeffect to the orders by correcting the map, the Chitha and the local peri-odic Jamabandi and by preparing separate leases, where necessary.The corrections thus made in the local periodic Jamabandi will, in duecourse, be carried to the Jamabandi register by the recorder under rule100.

A somewhat similar procedure should be followed in giving effect toorders for annulment or settlement of estates under section 90 of theAssam Land and Revenue Regulation and also in respect of patta landsacquired for public purposes.

(ii) In the case of orders for mutation or partition passed by a Sub-Deputy Collector or other officers duly empowered on the recorder’sChitha, the recorder (as required by rule 100) shall make the initial cor-rection in the Jamabandi Register, shall affix his initials and date theretoand shall make a reference in the column of remarks of the Jamabandiregister to the order of the Sub-Deputy Collector or other officers duly

Mainte-nance ofJamabandiRegister

Giving effectto ordersfor mutationand parti-tion

63

empowered. The Registrar Kanungo shall then check, countersign anddate the entries which have been made by the recorder in the Jamabandiregister. He shall also put his signature with date as a sign of compliancein column 7 of the recorder’s chitha.

(iii) Both in the case of regular mutations and of Chitha mutations theRegistrar Kanungo will see that the orders are properly carried out inregard to the transfer or otherwise of land from patta one to another. Whenthe land is to be transferred to another patta, it will be removed entirely tothat patta and the total revenue payable in respect of each patta will bealtered accordingly. When the land is to remain in its present patta, thenew name will be added jointly to that of the existing pattadar and a notewill be made in the remark column of each field concerned to the effectthat so much land bearing so much revenue has been recorded in thepossession of so and so by virtue of the order of such and such date.

(iv) When a settlement -holder applies, in consequence of an orderof mutation, for the correction of his periodic patta, the correction will bemade by the Registrar Kanungo. Such applications may be presentedbefore the Circle Sub-Deputy Collector, who will forward them to theRegistrar Kanungo and return the corrected pattas on receipt to the ap-plicants.

184. The Registrar Kanungo will bring to the notice of the Sub-DeputyCollector any cases in which conflicting orders have been passed aboutthe same matter by Courts and by Sub-Deputy Collector or other officersduly empowered in the field.

185. When the Registerar Kanungo receives from each Sub-DeputyCollector under rule 102, the annual statement of mutations, he will pre-pare an abstract for the subdivision (Form 15) and will bind up the ab-stract along with the forms received from the Sub-Deputy Collectors. Theabstract should be completed before the close of the summer recess andthe figures should be available for the annual report.

186. As regards the striking out of relinquished and excluded landand the addition of new land, the Registrar Kanungo will obtain his infor-mation from the recorder’s Chitha. At the close of the summer recess allrecorders will be required to present themselves at the RegisterarKanungo’s Office (Rule 100) and will under his supervision and control tocorrect the Jamabandi Register in red ink so as to bring on to it erasuresand additions made in their Chithas.

187. The Registrar Kanungo will, at the same time, see that therecorders correct their field Chitha and the local periodic Jamabandi, soas to carry on to these papers all mutations that have been entered duringthe past year in the Jamabandi register. To facilitate this, the RegistrarKanungo should keep a list village by village of pattas in which correctionshave been made in the Jamabandi register.

Correctionof pattas

Report oferrors

Register ofmutation

Procedurein register-ingexclusionsandadditions.

Transfer ofrecorder’spapers ofmutationsordered inCourt.

64

The Registrar Kanungo shall correct the Jamabandi in respect of allperiodic pattas annulled under the orders of the Commissioner for faut,ferar or Jotrahin. The recorder shall copy these corrections to his localperiodic Jamabandi and the Chitha in accordance with rule 101.

188. The Registrar Kanungo is responsible for the coutody of thespare copies of he village maps. He will keep a map issue register inForm G appended.

The register will contain entries regarding maps sold to the publicas well as those issued free of charges for Government purposes. Thechallan numbers and dates supporting the sale entries should be men-tioned in the remarks column and the challan should be kept in a sepa-rate file for the purpose of check.

189. The maps must be carefully stored on iron racks in the tubesprovided for the purpose. In sorting them the following points must beattended to :–

(1) All the copies of a single sheet must be kept in the same tube.

(2) Copies of two different sheets must never be kept in the sametube, even if they relate to the same village

(3) The name of village and mauza or pargana, the number of sheetin the village and the number printed in the sheet must be written on apiece of paper and pasted on the cap of the tube.

(4) The tubes, when filled must be arranged serially on the rackaccording to mauzas or parganas.

190. The Registrar Kanungo will be responsible for the safe custodyof all records that are filed with him under the rules.

191. The Registerar Kanungo will make over to the record keeperfor deposit in the revenue record room the old maps which are filed bythe recorder under rule 55 after having them arranged according to theserial number and bound by mauza or parganas. These maps will bedestroyed after the next resettlement has been completed.

192. He will retain charge of all instruments kept in stock and willmaintain for the year ending 30th June on account of the receipt andissue of instruments. One or, if necessary, two pages of the book will beassigned to each instrument and headed “chains”, “pins”, “tapes”, etc.The entries will take the form of a simple plus and minus record, alwaysshowing after each transaction the date of transaction and the balance instock as below :–

Custody ofrecorded

Custody ofrecords.

Disposal ofold maps.

Instru-ments

65

Date No.

In hand 1st July 1960 10

Issued to Supervisor Kanungo on 2

1st November, 1961.

8

Received from the mathematical 10

instrument office on 1st January, 1962

Total in hand and so on 18

He will keep a ledger account in Form D. When, in accordance withrule 176, the Supervisor Kanungo sends an account of the instruments inhis Sub-Circle, he will check the account by the ledger account and reportall discrepancies to the Sub-Deputy Collector. New instruments will beissued to Supervisor Kanungos on indents passed by the Sub-DeputyCollector.

193. The Registrar Kanungo will take all steps so that sufficientsupplies of the blank forms and stationery required by recorders are keptin stock. He will forward once in each year, before the close of December,to the recorder’s recess office, the full supply of blank forms and statio-nery that may be required by the recorders.

Before making out the indent for forms or stationery, he should as-certain from the Sub-Deputy Collectors their exact requirements.

The indent for stationery should be based on the standard require-ments of stationery of the land records staff which is as follows :

Indents should be prepared to ensure that the stationery articles inuse each year do not fall below the standard :-

Formsandstationery

66

Standard list of stationery to be supplied annually to eachSupervisor Kanungo and recorder.

Serial No. Description of stationery Standard number required annually Remarksby

each supervisor each RecorderKanungo

1 2 3 4 5

1 Bank post paper According torequirements toeach sub-circle

2 P 70 A paper, 30”x22” ditto3 Cloth tracing 30” 10-20 yds acco

rding to requirements of eachsub-circle

4 Brushes (Camal hair) 3 ....5 Pencil H.H. 2 36 Ditto H.H.H.H. 1 17 Drawing pins ... 48 Ruler flat (12”) 1 19 Saucer colour 6 110 Colours-Cobalt blue 1 cake each Nill This number should

vandyke brown, cobalt be in use and indentsgreen, indigo, ochre should be preparedyellow, red chalk. accordingly

11 Ink, Indian 1 cake 1/2 cake12 Erasors rubber

(Ink and pencil) large 1 113 Ink glasses 2 214 Ink powder, blue black 1 packet 1 packet15 Ditto,scarlet 1/2 packet 1/2 packet16 Steel pin nibs No,

166 Fine 2 2 for drawing purpose. This includes one for

17 Ditto red ink 18 18 map ping.18 Penholder, clerical 2 319 Paper blotting 6 sheets 6 sheets20 Paper foolscap 6 quires 4 quires21 Needle, small 1 122 Cotton thread 1 bell of 2 tolas 1 ball of 2 tolas

67

194. He will distribute before the 1st June in each year the SupervisorKanungo’s and recorder’s bound diary books.

195. He will maintain a register of certificated candidates for the postof recorder in Form 1. The register of certificated candidates must becarefully kept up-to-date and in the names of candidates who are ap-pointed as recorders must at once be struck out. The name of any candi-date who shall not have obtained an appointment or shall have refused anacting appointment within 5 years from the date of his obtaining a certifi-cate, must also be struck out, unless the Deputy Commissioner decides forspecial reasons to retain it.

The register may be re-written when the Deputy Commissioner con-siders it necessary.

196. He will maintain a register of pending surveys in the followingform and put it up to the Deputy Commissioner or the Subdivisional Officer,as the case may be, at the beginning of every field seasons :–

1. Name of Mauza.

2. Name of village.

3. Date of request for traverse.

4. Year of traverse.

5. Date of receipt of traverse polygon.

6. Date of despatch of polygon to Sub-Deputy Collector con-cerned.

7. Date of passing of survey.

197. The Registrar Kanungo will prepare a consolidated copy of therecorder’s area and crop abstracts for the whole subdivision, which will beforwarded to the Director of Agriculture, Shillong so as to reach his officenot later than the 1st July. A copy should be given to the Director of Statis-tics, Shillong and another to the Director of Land Records.

198. When the Sub-Deputy Collector’s diary is returned by the DeputyCommissioner, the Registrar Kanungo will take action on the DeputyCommissioner’s orders and then forward the diary to the Sub-DeputyCollector. They will be kept in the Sub-Deputy Collector’s Office and de-stroyed there after two years.

199. The Registrar Kanungo is responsible for the punctual prepara-tion of recorder’s and Supervisor Kanungo’s pay bills.

200. It is his duty to bring to the notice of the Deputy Commissioneror Subdivisional Officer any case of delay in returning the acquittance rolls.

Diarybooks

Registerof candi-dates

Cropstatements

Sub-DeputyCollector’sdiaries

Recorder’sandSupervisorKanungo’spay bills

68

201. All orders affecting any recorder or Supervisor Kanungo passedby the Deputy Commissioner or Subdivisional Officer should be commu-nicated by the Registrar Kanungo to the Sub-Deputy Collector concerned.

PART III SUB-DEPUTY COLLECTOR202. (1) The Sub-Deputy Collector is directly responsible to the

Deputy Commissioner for proper carrying out these rules. It is his duty tosee that the recorders and Supervisor Kanungos act as herein ordered;that the returns and statements prescribed are punctually submitted; thatthe recorders begin their tours on the proper date; that the SupervisorKanungos constantly check the work of recorders of his Sub-Circle. He isalso responsible for timely submission of circle crop forecast returns andcompilation of circle area, crop and irrigation abstracts.

(2) The Sub-Deputy Collector’s control over the work of the Supervi-sor Kanungo should be steady and sustained. It in not enough that defi-ciencies in their work should be discovered and brought to notice by himat long intervals; what is required is that he should Jeep a constant watchover the manner in which they are performing their duties, so that anydefects in their works may be noticed and remedied as soon as theyoccur.

(3) The Circle Sub-Deputy Collectors should be regarded as headsof offices in respect of the recorders (mandals and patwaris) subordinateto them for the purpose for maintenance of their service books only (Gov-ernment letter No. 752R, dated the 9th March, 1922). The Sub-DeputyCollectors will accordingly attest the service books and the character rollsof recorders and keep them in their custody.

203. The Sub-Deputy Collector should be on tour for atleast 125days including 25 night-thalts outside headquarters during the period from1st October to 15th June. During these tours he will superintend and checkthe work of every recorder and see that the Supervisor Kanungo performshis duties properly. To enable him to dispose of as many mutation case aspossible, he should annually visit every village in his circle. He will checkthe work of collection of agricultural statistics done by the recorders insome dags of the villages he visits. When on tour, he must always keep theRegistrar Kanungo informed of his movements, so that there may not occurthe least possible delay in communicating with him from the district orsubdivisional headquarters.

204. A circle Sub-Deputy Collector is also responsible for directingand checking the office work of his recorders during the winter and sum-mer recesses. The time occupied in recess inspection is exclusive of 125days’ touring prescribed in the foregoing rule.

Orders ofDeputyCommis-sioner.

Generalduties ofthe Sub-DeputyCollector

Amounttouringrequired

Dutiesduring therecess

69

205. Throughout the year he will keep a diary book, showing, whileat office, the nature and amount of checking done, and when on tour thenames of villages visited, the names of the Kanungos or recorders whosework he has inspected, an abstract of the nature and amount of each itemof field work done, the place where he halts at night, and any other par-ticulars to enable the Deputy Commissioner or Subdivisional Officer toknow how work is proceeding. He will paticularly include in his diary theresult of the check done by him on the work of collection of agriculturalstatistics. Each week he will note briefly in his diary the agricultural opera-tions in progress, the crop prospects, the occurrrence of epidemics orout-break of cattle diseases, any calamity affecting the lives of the peopleand any items of general information.

The diary should be written on half margin and forwarded in original,weekly to the Deputy Commissioner (through the Subdivisional Officer),who will record his orders and return it to the Registrar Kanungo. Afteraction has been taken on the Deputy Commissioner’s or SubdivisionalOfficer’s remarks, the diary will be filed, unless the Deputy Commissionerhas ordered that it should be forwarded to the Director of Land Records.Only those diaries should be forwarded to the Director of Land Recordswhich contain matters of special interest or on which instructions are re-quired. The Director of Land Records will return the diaries to the DeputyCommissioner after recording his remarks or instructions in the margin.

206. The field and office work of the Sub-Deputy Collector will gen-erally be that laid down for Supervisor Kanungos, but, in addition to check-ing the work of recorders, he should constantly test the accuracy of thechecking already effected by the Supervisor Kanungos. In fluctuating vil-lages he should run at least one short checkiline (not exceeding 50 chains)for every 500 bighas of fluctuating cultivation. In fluctuating villages and invillages where cultivation is extending, he should, by a general inspectionof Sarkari dags, see that no new cultivation has remained unsurveyed. Heshould separately report to the Deputy Commissioner or Sub-divisionalOfficer for orders in all cases in which he finds the work of a SupervisorKanungo or recorder backward or inaccurate. Any instructions he gives tothe recorder should be entered in a blank page of the Chitha concerned,where he should also note the date of his inspection of that village.

He should check at least 5 per cent of the entries and mappingalready checked by the Supervisor Kanungo, so as to ensure that theSupervisor Kanungo effects his checking honestly.

207. He should verify on the spot and sign at least 75 per cent of therecorder’s lists of faut, ferar and 100 per cent of Jotrahin fields. Thisverification may be effected by him during the cold weather following thepreparation of the regular settlement papers, if he cannot complete hisenquiries during the month of June. He will, of course, correct any errors

Diary

Check ofrecorderswork

Faut, ferarandJotrahinfields.

70

he discovers and if they are not discovered until the winter tour, he willgive effect to the corrections by re-including fields in the supplementarysettlement papers or by assessing them as tauzibahir. He will during hisspring tour check the proposals of the recorder for alteration or additionalassessment of fields which have been converted to non-agricultural use.

208. At the commencement of the summer recess he will submit tothe Deputy Commissioner in form J appended, an abstract of the recorder’sfaut, ferar and Jotrahin lists showing the exclusions which are to be madein drawing up the regular settlement papers and indicating in what casesthe recorder’s lists have been tested and in what cases testing has beendeferred to the cold weather. All untested lists rate to be assumed to becorrect for the purpose of making exclusions from the regular settlementpapers, unless any special enquiry is ordered by the Deputy Commis-sioner on receipt of this abstract. He will also submit to the Deputy Com-missioner the list in from K of all fields which have been converted to non-agricultural use during the previous year, with a note and recommendationas to the rate of altered or additional assessment.

209. (1) The power of settlement of waste land is vested in theDeputy Commissioner by rule 2 of the Settlement Rules made under theAssam Land and Revenue Regulation; but under rule 3 of those rules theDeputy Commissioner may delegate his powers to subordinate officers,and in general, extensive delegation of powers is made to Sub-DeputyCollectors in charge of circles. Delegation of powers may be made by theDeputy Commissioner subject to the limitations mentioned below andeach Sub-Deputy Collector must acquaint himself with the limits of pow-ers delegated to him.

There are, moreover, in most districts special instructions issued bythe Government, by the Commissioner or by the Deputy Commissionerapplicable to certain areas or to classes of persons by which the powerof the Sub-Deputy Collectors to issue pattas or to convert annual pattasinto periodic has been circumscribed. It is not possible to deal with allthese in one set of instructions and each Sub-Deputy Collector mustascertain the instructions, general or special, applicable to his area andstrictly follow them.

(2) No new periodic pattas shall be issued for lands lying within anarea covered by a mining lease except under special orders of Govern-ment.

(3) The Deputy Commissioner, the Subdivisional Officer or the Sub-Deputy Collector must satisfy himself that no public right, such as a villagepath, is being interferred with by any proposed settlement.

(4) Generally, no new settlement of waste land will be made excepton application with proper court fee affixed to it.

Faut ferarandJatrahinexclussion

Authority tomakesettlement

71

(5) Settlement of land in areas constituted into belts or blocks underthe provisions of Chapter X of the Assam Land and Revenue Regulation(Amendment Act, 1947) for the purpose of ordinary cultivation or pur-poses of anciliary thereto shall be made according to the provision of thatchapter and the Rules made thereunder and in conformity with such policyand procedure as laid down by Government from time to time.

(6) The special restrictions on settlement (a) of town lands by settle-ment Rules 67-69, (b) of road side lands by Settlement Rule 23, (c) oflands near a municipality or notified area by Settlement rule 28 and (d) onsettlement of any new land with one who already holds lands upto a ceil-ing laid down by Government from time to time must be observed.

(7) Powers may be delegated to Sub-Deputy Collectors in-charge ofcircles to make new settlement of land for ordinary cultivation with indi-vidual cultivator upto an area of 12 bighas or any other area fixed byGovernment from time to time. All new settlements of lands will be madeonly with landless, actual cultivators in order of preference as laid downin the latest Government resolution on land settlement policy. The reso-lution of 1958, being the latest till now, is printed in Appendix C. When acompact block of waste land comprising an area of 50 bighas or moreis available for settlement the area would be settled with local landlesscultivators on co-operative basis, with prior approval of Government.

(8) All pattas shall in the first place be annual, but the Sub-DeputyCollector may convert annual pattas into periodic, provided all the condi-tions of rule 105 are fulfilled. Annual pattas will be converted into periodiconly on receipt of a report from the recorder and Supervisor Kanungounder rule 105. Not less than 25 per cent of such reports shall actually betested by the Sub-Deputy Collectors himself. The area of any annual pattato be converted into periodic by the Sub-Deputy Collector shall not ex-ceed 30 bighas or any other area as may be fixed by Government fromtime to time. For lands exceding this area, a periodic patta shall beissued only by the Deputy Commissioner and under conditions as laiddown in rule 105.

(9) During the currency of resettlement operations, the powers ofthe Sub-Deputy Collectors and of the Deputy Commissioner in respect ofsettlement of waste land and conversion of annual pattas into periodicshall be exercised by the Assistant Settlement Officer and the SettlementOfficer respectively.

210. (1) Apart from checking the work of recorders and SupervisorKanungos, the Sub-Deputy Collector has a most important duty to per-form in the disposal of mutation cases. For this purpose he should workupon the recorder’s Chitha, enquiring in the village concerned in regardto the accuracy of each entry made in column 8. Entries that are correctand undisputed will be signed by him with date and his signature will

Delegationof powers

72

authorise the Registrar Kanungos to make the mutation. Entries which arenot correct will be struck out by the Sub-Deputy Collector under his signa-ture. In regard to entries that are disputed, he will record in the remarkcolumn of the Chitha that there is a dispute, will take a separate note ofthe case and will, either of his own motion, cause proclamation and no-tices to be issued for its hearing at office on the date fixed by him, ordirect the persons claiming the land to file regular mutation petitions in thecircle office.

(2) During each recess the Sub-Deputy Collector should of his ownmotion take action, as far as possible for disposal in office of all mutationcases which he could not dispose of in the field season.

(3) Mutation cases which are disposed of in office should never beshown in the return as mutations by summary procedure.

(4) All mutation cases in office should be disposed of strictly in con-formity with the provisions of part I, Chapter IV of the Assam Land andRevenue Regulation.

(5) In addition to checking individual field and testing mutations notedby the recorder, the Sub-Deputy Collector should at least once every twoyears read out each local periodic Jamabandi in the presence of thevillagers concenred. As this is the only method of finding out whether therecord is up-to-date, special attention must be paid to it more particularlyin areas where cultivation is settled, population dense and mutations nu-merous.

(6) Mutations and partitions of all Town Lands shall be effected bythe formal office procedure only, the powers given by section 58 (1) (PartI, Chapter IV of the Assam Land and Revenue Regulation being used tocompel the filing of an application for mutation.

(7) During the currency of resttlement operations, all undisputedmutations and partitions recorded in the Chitha in respect of lands in ruralareas shall be passed by the Assistant Settlement Officer (See rule 57 ofthe Executive Instructions in the Assam Resttlement Manual) . AttachedSub-Deputy Collector though invested with mutation and settlement pow-ers shall not ordinarily execise these powers unless specially directed bythe Circle Officer in writing either generally or in respect of particular areasor cases.

211. (1) As the majority of transfers are undisputed, the Sub-DeputyCollector should endeavour to suit the convenience of the people and tominimise the office and process serving work by doing as much mutationwork as possible in the village itself. When on tour he should, a few daysbefore visiting a village, give notice to the recorder, Sarpanch or Gaoburaso that as many villagers as possible may be present. He should also askthe recorder and the Gaobura to get in touch with the local Gaon Panchayat

Filedmutationundisputed

73

and to inform it of his impending visit. Ordinarily he should sit in the officeof the Gaon Panchayat or the Anchalik Panchayat, as the case may be,for the purpose of passing field mutation and reading the Jamabandi.Having collected a number of villagers he will go through the undisputedchanges in possession noted in column 8 of the recorder’s chitha, ascer-taining from each transferor, if present, if there is any objection to thechange. If a transferor be absent, it will be safe to effect mutation if everyone of that village present agrees and on production of registered deedsby the transferee. But in case of any doubt as regards possession andprima facie title, the Sub-Deputy Collector shall not effect mutation. Incases of inheritance, the absence of any objection, on the part of thosepresent, to the names of the heirs entered by the recorder will be sufficientto justify the effecting of mutation by the Sub-Deputy Collector. No evi-dence need be recorded, but when the pattadar is present and he agreesto the transfer the fact should invariably be noted in the remark column ofthe Chitha. The serial number of all registered deeds and the year ofregisteration are also to be noted in the remark column of the Chitha.

(2) It is not unlikely that some mistakes might now and then occur inthese summary enquiries. But a safeguard has been provided by section53A (2) of the Assam Land and Revenue Regulation to the effect that anyperson aggrieved by a summary order may formally submit objectionpetition within a period of three years from the date of the order for settingaside the said order. Such petition should be made to the Sub-DeputyCollector in cases disposed of by him or by mauzadars. On receipt of theobjection petition within the said time limit of three years, the Sub-DeputyCollector shall immediately cancel the mutation order complained of, andproceed as if an application for mutation has been received treating thepersons whose names had been mutated as applicants.

212. If, when a dispute exists, the Sub-Deputy Collector can bringthe parties to agreement without difficulty, he should do so, but he must becareful in such cases to take the signature or thumb impression of bothparties in the Chitha. If the parties do not agree, he will not record evi-dence but leave the case for disposal in office, noting on the Chitha theexistence of a dispute.

213. (a) Land will be transferred from one patta to another duringthe pendency of a settlement, provided that the Sub-Deputy Collector orother officer duly empowered has so ordered when decideing a disputeunder the last rule or both sides have consented in writing before the Sub-Deputy Collector or other officer duly empowered to the transfer of theland. When both sides have verbally consented to the transfer of the land,the Sub-Deputy Collector or other officer duly empowered should encour-age them to file a joint petition embodying their consent.

Disputedcases

Transferfrom onepatta toanother

74

(b) When the order of the Sub-Deputy Collector or other officer dulyempowered is to the effect that the land shall remain in its present pattabut that a change shall be made in the recorded possession, the Sub-Deputy Collector or other officer duly empowered will cross out the entryin column 7 of the Chitha and mark the entry in column 8 for transfer tocolumn 7. All such orders will be made in the Chitha in blue pencil or inkand will be signed and dated by the Sub-Deputy Collector or other officerduly empowered.

(c) When the order of the Sub-Deputy Collector or other officer dulyempowered is to the effect that in addition to a change of name, the landshould be transferred to another patta, he shall proceed as in clause (b)and shall also note the particulars of the transfer, thus–”from patta No. 18to patta No. 29”.

(d) When the Sub-Deputy Collector acting under rule 45 (iii) hassanctioned the creation of a new dag, he shall record an order, consistentwith the above rules, declaring whether the new dag shall remain in thepresent patta or shall be transferred to another patta.

214. (1) The Sub-Deputy Collector may at the same time give effectto undisputed cases of partition the survey of which has already beencarried out by the recorder. If any of the parties to the partition object, theSub-Deputy Collector will cancel the recorder’s survey and refer the par-ties to Court.

(2) Partition can be effected in two ways, either by (a) Transferringa dag or dags, or a portion or portions thereof, from one patta to anotherwith the consent of the parties, or by (b) issuing new pattas where thereare no pattas to which partitioned dag or dags can be added.

(3) Before giving effect to partition under this rule, the Sub-DeputyCollector must satisfy himself that no arrears of revenue are outstandingagainst the estate.

(4) During the currency of settlement the Assistant Settlement Of-ficer will pass all undisputed partition recorded in the Chitha by the re-corder.

215. (1) When formal applications for mutation are received, actionwill be taken on them as regular revenue cases. That is to say, notices willbe issued and the case will be duly enquired into in office, by recordingsummary evidence. If any. If mutation is ordered, the Circle Officer will fillup the final order in form 9 with his own hand. It will then be given effectto in the Jamabandi Register and the local periodic Jamabandi.

(2) While disposing of mutation cases in office, the provisions ofPart I Chapter IV of the Assam Land and Revenue Regulation should bestrictly followed. Applications for mutation should

Undis-putedcases ofpartitions

Officemutationprocedure

75

10 of Part I (Assamese)be filled in form 26 [–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––of Assam

6 of part II (Bengali)

Schedule XVII] and reports called for on such applications should be inform No.8 of Part–I Assamese

NO. 5 OF PART IIBengali– of Assam Schedule XVII. The Registering Officer must in

every case satisfy himself by personal inspection of the papers(a) that theapplication for mutation has been duly verified, is in proper form and con-tains all the necessary information and (b) that the general and specialnotices required under section 52(1) and (2) and section 56 (1) of theAssam Land and Revenue Regulation have been duly published and servedrespectively. He must record the fact of his having done so as regards (a)on the date on which the application for mutation first comes before himand as to (b) on the date on which the case is taken up after the provisionsof section 52 and 56 have been compiled with. This duty is of the greatestimportance and MUST ON NO ACCOUNT be omitted or left to a subor-dinate ministerial officer.

(3) The notices mentioned above should be in form 28 [Assam Sched-ule XVII, Part I form No. 5 (English) form No.6 (Assamese) and part II formNo.5 (Bengali)]. They should be served in the manner prescribed in sec-tion 52 of the Assam Land and Revenue Regulation and the Rule 122framed thereunder. When the notices have been returned with a certificateof service, the Sub-Deputy Collector should, one month after the date ofservice, if no objection be preferred, order, without further enquiry, thenecessary changes to be made in the Jamabandi register and the localperiodic Jamabandi.

(4) If, however, an objection is received, he will proceed to enquireinto the case. He will fix a day for hearing, will hear and record necessaryevidence, will record his decision and will pass a final order for mutation(if mutation be ordered) in form No.9 of Assam Schedule XVII, Part I. Hewill ensure that such a final order in the said form is duly given effect to bynecessary changes made in the Jamabandi Register and the local peri-odic Jamabandi.

(5) A mutation case taken up on application for disposal in officeshould ordinarily be dismissed or struck off with the default of the applicantfor mutation, provided that the Court or officer dealing therewith may, at itsor his discretion, keep the case pending for reasons to be recorded in theorder sheet. Cases dismissed or struck off as above may be revived ona duly stamped application for revival filed within one month of the orderof dismissal, if the said Court or Officer be satisfied that there was suf-

76

ficient cause for the default. Applications for mutations in the cases dis-missed or struck off for default and not revived should be sent to therecorders concerned after a month from the date of dismissal with ordersfor noting the mutations in column 8 of the Chitha for disposal by the Sub-Deputy Collector after local verification under section 53-A of the AssamLand and Revenue Regulation.

216. (1) A Mouzadar who has been duly empowered in this behalfwill also, when there is no dispute, dispose of field mutation and uncon-tested partition cases by the ordinary field mutation procedure when hegoes to the village. In effecting partition, he can, with the consent in writingof the parties concerned, order the transfer of entire dags (not parts ofdags) from one patta to another.

(2) If any objection is filed against an order of field mutation passedby a Maouzadar, the Mouzadar will have no power to revise his own order;and the petition of objection, if filed within three years of the order, shouldbe treated as a contested case and disposed of by the Sub-DeputyCollector in the manner indicated in Rule 211(2).

217. During the Summer recess, the Sub-Deputy Collector will,after the completion of settlement work, examine the recorders’ fieldChithas, and —

(a) see that the transfers attested in the field by him or other officerduly empowered are brought on to the local periodic Jamabandi and theJamabandi Register ;

(b) issue notices and proclamations in all disputed cases left overby him for disposal in office and proceed as laid down in rule 215; and

(c) dispose of in the field, even during the recess when practicable,all undisputed mutations left undisposed of by him during the previ-ous field season, or else give them priority in the ensuing field season.

218. It will be the duty of the Sub-Deputy Collector to arrange,under the rules for the gradual survey of any unsurveyed areas which hisCircle may include. For this purpose and for the purpose of seeing whetherthere is any concealed cultivation, the Sub-Deputy Collector should makeoccasional visits to such unsurveyed areas.

219. The Sub-Deputy Collector, when he receives the SupervisorKanungo’s or recorder’s weekly abstract diaries, will examine each ofthem and pass such orders as may be necessary. Whenever necessary,the Sub-Deputy Collector will forward the diaries to the Deputy Commis-sioner or the Sub-divisional Officer for information or orders together withhis remarks.

These diaries should be very carefully examined by the Sub-DeputyCollector, as they are the only means by which he can acquaint himselfwith the state of work in lots not recently visited by him. When he finds that

Fieldmutation byMauzadar

Mutationwork inoffice

Survey ofunsurveyedareas.

SupervisorKanungo’sandrecorder’sabstractdiaries.

77

the work of any lot is seriously in arrears, he should depute another re-corder to assist, reporting his action to the Deputy Commissioner or theSub-divisional Officer. If the arrears are due to the fault of the lot recorder,the latter will be fined and the recorder on deputation may be recom-mended reward, if found deserving. The amount of the fine and rewardproposed by the Sub Deputy Collector must be submitted for sanction tothe Deputy Commissioner or the Subdivisional Officer.

220. The Sub-Deputy Collector will control the Supervisor Kanungosin their duty of maintaining supplies of instruments. On receipt of theSupervisor Kanungo’s abstract ledger account under rule 176, with list ofunserviceable instruments to be replaced and new instruments to be pro-vided; he will examine the instruments and if they are found unserviceable,sanction their removal from the account. Instruments which can be re-paired should be returned to the Registrar Kanungo. The Sub-DeputyCollector is expected to examine a recorder’s instruments once a yearwhen he visits the lot and when an instrument has been rendered unser-viceable by lack of care in use, he may require the recorder to pay up thecost of a new one. He will forward the sanctioned requirements for newinstruments to the Registrar Kanungo. Should he transfer any instrumentsfrom one Supervisor Kanungo’s sub - circle to another, he should at oncereport the fact to the Registrar Kanungo for record in his instrument reg-isters.

221. The Sub-Deputy Collector will make any enquiry relating torevenue matter which is made over to him by the Deputy Commissioneror the Subdivisional Officer.

222. In the 1st week of October, the Sub-Deputy Collector in chargeof a Circle should submit to the Deputy Commissioner, with a copy to theSubdivisional Officer, a brief note showing for the twelve months ending30th September, —

(1) the total number of days in charge with the number of daysspent on tour, with details as to how many were spent in eachmauza or Pargana and how many nights halted elsewhere thanat head quarters ;

(2) the number of recorders and villages in his circle ;

(3) the number of recorders whose work he has inspected and thevillages visited ;

(4) the number and length of check lines run with the number orKatans and offsets. Independent checklines and lines run overother officers’ work should be shown separately ;

(5) the number and character of errors found, the number of linesin which they were found and the number of cases in which therecorders were ordered to resurvey ;

Transfer ofinstrument.

Annualreturn.

Inspection ofMauzaAccount andMiscella-neousenquires.

78

(6) the number of Chitha entries tested and the number that theywere found incorrect;

(7) the number of survey marks inspected;

(8) the number of villages the Jamabandi of which were read outin the village;

(9) the number of mutation and partition cases effected-on the spot;

(10) the number of mutation cases done in office;

(11) particulars of any new survey carried out in unsurveyed areas,showing in acres the total unsurveyed areas in the circle, thearea surveyed and mapped, the area passed and the amountof rewards paid during the year;

(12) the area in acres of concealed cultivation discovered, if any;

(13) the character of each Kanungo’s work during the season;

(14) the names of specially good recorders and the nature of theirwork;

(15) the names of incompetent or otherwise useless recorders andthe nature of their work;

(16) the number of resident and non-resident recorders, the numberof recorders exempted by special orders from becoming resi-dent up-to-date, the number who have become resident or wereexempted during the year;

With this note should be sent a rough trace map on the scale of 1/

/ = 4 miles, showing the places at which the Sub-Deputy Collector haltedwhen on tours during the preceding year. The Deputy Commissioner willforward this note and map to the Director of Land Records, stating hisopinion as to the character and efficiency of the work done.

223. The Circle Sub-Deputy Collector will keep the following regis-ters and files :—

(1) Register of application for mutation.

(2) Register of application for waste lands under Section I of theSettlement Rules framed under the Assam Land and Revenue Regula-tion.

(3) Register of miscellaneous petitions.

(4) Diary Register.

(5) Cash Book.

(6) Files relating to correspondence.

(7) Orders and instruction files.

CircleRegisters

79

(8) Inspection Book.

(9) Counterfoil receipt books.

(10) Acquittance Roll.

(11) Dak Book.

(12) Court fee Register.

(13) Register of relinquishment petition.

(14) Conversion Register.

(15) Encroachment case register.

(16) Stock and furniture register.

(17) Stationery articles register.

(18) Forms register.

(19) Sub-Deputy Collector’s daily Diary book. This Dairy book willcontain all the particulars of work attended by him.

(20) Attendance register of office staff.

(21) Attendance register of field staff during the recess.

(22) Weekly attendance register of field staff, i.e., recorders andSupervisor Kanungos.

(23) Log books for each lot and each Sub-Circle. The log booksmay be maintained for all the Supervisor Kanungos and recorders of theCircle in one big manuscript book allotting a number ofpages for each Supervisor Kanungo and recorder showing an index ofpages so allotted on a fly page of the book.

PART IV — INSPECTIONS224. The Deputy Commissioner and the Sub-divisional Officer will

make frequent inspections of the work of each Circle Officer in the districtor subdivision. Copies of all memos recorded by the Deputy Commis-sioner or Subdivisional Officer in the course of such inspection will beforwarded to the Commissioner, and the Commissioner will forward to theDirector of Lands Records extracts from them of such portions as relatedto the work of maintaining the land records. The main branches of thiswork are summarised in rule 222 above. The inspection memos them-selves will be recorded in an inspection book to be kept in the CircleOffice and will be open to the perusal of all inspecting officers. They willshow the steps which have been taken to remedy the defects which havebeen discovered. A list of the principal points required in a land recordsinspection will be found in Appendix A.

DeputyCommis-sioner andSub-divisionalOfficer.

80

225. The Director of Land Records will inspect the work of main-taining the land records through-out the State. The Director is respon-sible for seeing that the work is carried out in accordance with the rulesas laid down in this manual and that the staff is in a state of efficiency.The Director of Land Records will record inspection memos and willforward copy of each memo to the Secretary, Revenue Department, Com-missioner, Deputy Commissioner and Subdivisional Officer in case of asubdivision. When the Director of Land Records has recorded in aninspection memo that there has been a failure on the part of the staff tounderstand or carry out the rules, the Deputy Commissioner or theSubdivisional Officer in the case of a subdivision will take prompt actionto remedy the defects on the lines indicated by the Director of LandRecords.

The work of land records will also be inspected by an Officerspecially appointed under the designation of Assistant to the Director ofLand Records. He will be directly responsible to the Director of LandRecords for his work. The main function of this Officer will be to see thatthe land records staff including Circle Officers are carrying on their dutiesin accordance with the provisions of the Assam Land Records Manualand maintaining the records up-to-date. In addition to this, the Officer willalso inspect the office of the Registrar Kanungo at least once in everytwo years. He will record inspection memos and forward copies of thesame to the Director of Land Records, Deputy Commissioner or theSubdivisional Officer, Sub-Deputy Collector and other Officers as maybe required. The Deputy Commissioner or the Subdivisional Officer willforward copies of those memos to the Commissioner and the Directorof Land Records noting thereon what action has been taken to remedythe defects which have been discovered.

The Deputy Commissioner or the Subdivisional Officer will seethat the copies of inspection notes are returned to the Director of LandRecords within one month of the date of the inspection with note on themargin showing the action taken thereon.

Director ofLandRecordsand hisAssistant.

81

APPENDIX A

List of the principal points required in a Land Records inspection.

( It should be understood that these points are intended to form only a generalguide to an Inspecting Officer who should rather make the Land Records Manual* thebasis of his inspection than rely upon this list and it will be his duty to ascertain andenquire specially into such other points not included in this list as in each particularlocality seem to require investigation. Unless there are grounds for a detailed inspec-tion, the Deputy Commissioners might ordinarily confine themselves to subjects in ques-tions 9,10, 17 to 20 and also to matters of general discipline).

IN THE OFFICEThe inspection should ordinarily commence with the field chitha and the map, and

attention should be directed to ascertain the points noted below :-

1. Whether the Sub-Deputy Collector’s visits to the village and any instructionswhich he gives to the recorders are noted in a blank page in the chitha (rule 206).

2. Whether the faired chitha has been properly compared and certified ( rule113).

3. Whether a list of the istafa dags (rule 80) and of the new fields ( rule 83) iskept in a blank page of the Chitha.

4. Whether particulars of the new fields are entered in the chitha (rule 83).

5. Whether inspection of crops during the recorder’s spring tour (rule 84) andwinter tour (rule 107) has been duly carried out and crop entries made in the chitha.

6. Whether the name of the unregistered dakhalkar has been entered and datedand signed by the recorder (rules 58 and 82).

7. Whether the name in column 8 of the chitha has been transferred to column7 after sanction of mutation (Rule 58).

8. Whether the Registrar Kanungo has dated and signed every mutation correc-tion in the Chitha [rule 183 (ii)].

9. Whether there are long pending mutation entries in the chitha and, if so, whataction has been taken to dispose of them (rule 217).

10. Check some mutation corrections in the chitha and (if available) in theJamabandi Register (rules 72 and 100).

11. Check some page totals in the Chitha and compare the grand totals of thedifferent classes of land at the end of the chitha with the corresponding figures in thesettlement abstract (rule 96) and the abstract area register ( rule 112).

12. Examine the register of relinquished fields (rule 21), and the list of faut, ferarand Jotrahin fields (rule 23) and see whether they have been sufficiently verified by the

82

recorder, the Supervisor Kanungo and the Sub-Deputy Collector (rule 21, 43, 80, 157,158 and 208).

12 A. Examine the list of fields of which the assessment to be altered or on whichadditional assessment is to be imposed on account of their conversion to non-agricul-tural use and see whether they have been verified by the Supervisor Kanungo and theSub-Deputy Collector (rules 23, 157 and 208).

13. Examine the Supervisor Kanungo’s registers and note whether they are prop-erly kept up (rules 172-175).

14. Go through the recorder’s Register of Survey marks and see whether therecorder (rule 33 ) or the Supervisor Kanungo (rule 159) has noted his visits againsteach marks and whether the entries in the register are supported by entries in his diary.

15. Pay attention chiefly to the new or post resettlement ( or post - cadastral)fields, which appear on the map. Such fields, when annual, should be in pencil and whenperiodic in ink.

16. Check the area calculation and the land classification of the fields referredto in the preceding paragraph and see whether they are correctly entered in the chitha.

(After a short experience you should be able to guess the approximate area ofa field by looking at its size on the map. Pick up the dag on the map and make therecorder or the Supervisor Kanungo read out its area and class from the chitha. Whenyou have any doubt as to the accuracy of the area of the dag in question, make therecorder or the Supervisor Kanungo find out the correct area by the talc square. Thecorrect classification of the field can be ascertained from the class book and the classmap which remain with the recorder).

17. See whether the istafa, faut, ferar ad jotrahin dags have been dealt withaccording to rule 43 and whether the necessary corrections have been made in thechitha and the Jamabandi (rules 58, 87 and 88).

18. The quality and the quantity of the recorder’s work depend mainly on thesupervision exercised by the Kanungo and the Sub-Deputy Collector. The inspectingOfficer should therefore endeavour to find out whether these officers realize their re-sponsibilities and properly perform their duties, the most important of which are indi-cated in the next three paragraphs.

19. Note whether the Supervisor Kanungo’s check of field work by inspection(rule 154) and of office work (rules 160-171) and the amount of check lines run by him(rule 149) have been sufficient and whether record of the check lines run in maintainedin the recorder’s note book (rule 56) and the Supervisor Kanungo’s field book (rule153).

20. Note whether the Sub-Deputy Collector’s work as well as his check andsupervision of the recorder’s and the Supervisor Kanungo’s work, has been sufficient(rules 201-210).

83

21. Go through the previous inspection notes recorded in the Supervisor Kanungo’sinspection book and see whether due attention has been paid to the orders containedtherein and whether the mistakes and irregularities pointed out at previous inspectionshave been rectified.

IN THE FIELD22. Field work should be tested by : -

(a) Independent check lines.

(b) Check lines over the Supervisor Kanungo’s lines.

(c) By inspection as indicated in rule 154, particular attention being paid to theentries which appear to have been already attested by the Supervisor Kanungo or theSub-Deputy Collector. Encroachments on the edges of unoccupied waste land maybeascertained by measurements from the boundaries of the cultivated fields by means ofa 20 link tar.

23. Check some istafa, faut, ferar and jotrahin dags on the ground, speciallythose which are marked in the chitha or in the diary as already verified by the recorderor the supervisor kanungo.

24. In inspecting sarkari dags and survey mark ascertain from his diary whichdag or mark had been inspected by the recorder or the Supervisor Kanungo, and verifyon the ground whether the alleged inspection has been really made.

25. To find out whether mutation work is kept up to date or not, read out, or makesome one read out, the names of all the pattadars of the village from the jamabandi, inthe presence of the Gaonbura or Panchayat and some villagers and ask them whetherthe people are alive or have transferred any of the land included in their pattas.

GENERAL26. The points to be attended to here are :-

(a) the neat or untidy condition of the maps and the registers generally ;

(b) whether the recorder is resident or not ;

(c) his fitness to continue in his work with reference to his age;

(d) recommendation with reference to the quality of his work;

(e) whether the recorders get their pay, travelling allowance and reward regularly.

84

APPENDIX B

1. STANDARDISED FORMS

(Schedules XXXVII - Assamese and XXXVIII - Bengali).Serial No. Description of forms Remark

(1) (2) (3)1. Chitha for Surveyed Villages ( Revised)

2. Chitha for Unsurveyed Villages

3. Jamabandi for Surveyed Villages

4. Jamabandi for Unsurveyed Villages

5. Register of Relinquishments

6. Faut, Ferar and Jotrahin List

7. Register of Survey Marks

8. Kanungo’s Annual Return of Survey Marks

9. Area Abstract ( Revised)

10. (a) Crop Abstract (Revised ) Part I

(b) Crop Abstract (Revised ) Part II

11. Settlement Abstract

12. Kanungo’s or Recorder’s Diary

13. Kanungo’s Weekly Abstract Diary

14. Recorder’s Weekly Abstract Diary

15. Annual statement of mutations

16. Area statement I

17. Area Statement II

85

18. Area Statement III

19. Periodic Khiraj Patta (Settlement Officer’s)

19 A. Periodic Khiraj Patta (Deputy Commissioner’s)

19 B. Kabuliyat

19C. Periodic Khiraj Patta ( Jaintia Parganas) [Settlement Officer] ( Obsolete).19 D. Periodic Khiraj Patta (Jainita Parganas) [Deputy Commissioner] (Obsolete).

20. Annual Khiraj Patta

20A. Annual Khiraj Patta (Lakhimpur) [Deputy Commissioner] (Obsolete).

21. Nisf-Khiraj Patta

22. Periodic lease for town lands

23. Short lease for town lands

24. Register of demarcation advances (Obsolete)

25. (Cancelled)

26. Application to resign land

27. Register or Trigonometrical Pillars

28. Recorders’ acquittance roll

29. Abstract Diary of Sub-Deputy Collectors

30. Irrigation Abstract

86

AP

PE

ND

IX B

II-F

OR

MS

NO

T S

TAN

DA

RD

ISE

D

FO

RM

A.—

Kan

ungo

’s R

egis

ter o

f Ass

esse

d A

rea

Nam

e of

Vill

age—

Nam

e of

mou

za o

r p

arga

na —

Khi

raj n

ewly

add

eddu

ring

the

year

Tota

l Khi

raj o

f reg

ular

settl

emen

t.

Relinquished retaken

New at regular settle-ment

New at supplementarysettlement.

Total

Annual

Periodic

Special

Total

Add. Khiraj of supple-ment settlement

Grand total Khiraj

Nisf-khiraj

Lakhiraj

Grants

Special tenures

12

34

56

78

910

1112

1314

1516Total settled area

Year

FO

RM

B.—

Reg

iste

r of c

ultiv

ated

are

a. [S

ame

as S

tand

ardi

sed

For

m N

o.9

for r

ecor

ders

].

FO

RM

C. —

Reg

iste

r of c

ropp

ed a

rea.

[Sam

e as

Sta

ndar

dise

d F

orm

No.

10

for r

ecor

ders

]

87

FO

RM

D.—

Inst

rum

ent L

edg

er A

cco

un

t

Number of Recorder’s lot (b)

Name of recorder (c)

Chains

Pins

Tapes

Plane-table with stand

Sight-vanes

Compasses

Optical squares

Cross

Cellulose squares

Cardboard scales

Offest slips

Hard pencils

12

34

56

78

910

1112

1314

1516

1718

1920

Rubbers

NO

TE

.—

(a)

Kun

ungo

’s s

ub-c

ircle

in t

he c

ase

of t

he a

ccou

nt m

aint

aine

d by

the

Reg

istr

ar K

anun

go.

(b)

Will

be

omitt

ed in

the

reg

istr

ar k

anun

go’s

acc

ount

.(c

) N

ame

of s

uper

viso

r ka

nung

o in

the

reg

istr

ar k

anun

go’s

acc

ount

.A

few

pag

es w

ill b

e al

lotte

d to

eac

h re

cord

er’s

lot

by t

he s

uper

viso

r ka

nung

o an

d to

eac

h su

perv

isor

kan

ungo

by

the

regi

stra

r ka

nung

o.

Colour saucers

Carmines cakes

Brushes

Name of mauza or pargana (a)

Signature of recorde and remarks

AP

PE

ND

IX B

Con

td.

88

12

34

56

78

910

1112

1314

AP

PE

ND

IX B

— c

on

td

FO

RM

F.—

Kan

ungo

’s A

nnua

l Wor

k R

etur

n fo

r the

yea

r

Num

ber o

f Vill

ages

Num

ber o

f rec

orde

rs

In which chitha tested

Total

Whose maps tested

Whose chitha tested

Number

Total length

Area taken up during regularand supplementary settlement

Length of partal per squaremile of area in column 10.

Total number of entriestested

Correct

Incorrect

In c

olum

ns 1

2 an

d 15

, the

num

ber o

f ent

ries

test

ed in

the

field

and

in o

ffice

sho

uld

be s

how

n se

pare

tely

.

Sur

veye

d V

illag

es

Uns

urve

yed

Par

t lin

esC

hith

a te

stin

g

In which map or Chitha tested

TotalS

urve

yed

Num

ber o

f ent

ries

foun

d

89

AP

PE

ND

IX B

FO

RM

F.—

Kan

un

go

’s A

nn

ual

Wo

rk R

etu

rn f

or

the

year

Uns

urve

y V

illag

es

Chi

tha

test

ing

Num

ber o

f ent

ries

foun

d

Are

a of

con

ceal

ed c

ultiv

atio

ndi

scov

ered

Incorrect

In surveyed villages

In unsurveyed villages

Number survey marks inspected

Number of petitions or cases of whichenquiries have been disposed of.

Number of days spent ontour.

Number of Sarkhri dags inspected includingreserves dags.

1516

1718

1920

2122

23

In c

olum

ns 1

2 an

d 15

, the

num

ber o

f ent

ries

test

ed in

the

field

and

in o

ffice

sho

uld

be s

how

n se

pare

tely

.

(a) o

f whi

ch n

ight

spe

nt

at H

eadq

uart

er.

(b) o

f whi

ch n

ight

spe

ntaw

ay fr

om H

eadq

uarte

rs.

Total Number of entriestested.

Correct

90

APPENDIX B— contd.

FORM G.— Map Issue Register

She

et N

umbe

r (w

hen

ther

e ar

e m

ore

shee

tsth

an o

ne in

a v

illag

e).

Num

ber o

f cop

ies

rece

ived

or in

sto

ck o

n 1s

t Oct

ober

Dat

e of

issu

e

Num

ber s

old

Num

ber o

f iss

ued

free

Bal

ance

afte

r eac

h da

y’s

issu

es

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Nam

e of

vill

age

MAUZA

PARGANNA

Sig

natu

re o

f rec

ipie

nt

Prin

ted

num

ber o

f vill

age

Rem

arks

91

APPENDIX B— contd.

FORM I.— Register of certificated candidates for the post of Recorder

Res

iden

ce

Dat

e of

birt

h

Dat

e of

ent

ry o

n R

egis

ter.

Dat

e of

qua

lifyi

ng in

Sur

vey

Cha

ract

er o

f qua

lific

atio

ns

Not

e of

any

pra

ctic

al s

urve

y w

ork

effe

cted

.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Cas

te (S

ched

uled

Trib

e,

Sch

edul

ed C

aste

s an

d o

ther

)

Rem

arks

Nam

e an

d fa

ther

’s n

ame

ofca

ndid

ate

Dep

uty

Com

mis

sion

er’s

initi

als.

FORM J.— Abstract of exclusions to be made as faut ferar orjotrahin in the regular settlement of the year

Nam

e of

vill

age

Per

iodi

c

Ann

ual

Per

iodi

c

Ann

ual

Sup

ervi

sor K

anun

go

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Nam

e of

reco

rder

and

lot

Sub

-Dep

uty

Col

lect

or

Nam

e of

mau

za o

r pa

rgan

a

Ord

ers

Area to be excludedas faut ferar

Area to be excludedas faut ferar

92

APPENDIX B— contd.

FORM K.— List of fields liable to altered or additional assessment under the rules framedunder the Assam Land Revenue Reassessment Act.

Num

ber o

f pat

ta a

ndde

scrip

tion

of te

nure

Num

ber o

f dag

Year

in

whi

ch n

on-a

gric

ultu

ral

use

was

dis

cove

red.

Nat

ure

of n

on-a

gric

ultu

ral

use

in d

etai

l.

Sub

-Dep

uty

Col

lect

ors

note

and

reco

mm

enda

tion

rega

rdin

gas

sess

men

t

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Nam

e of

vill

age

Nam

e of

mau

za

Dep

uty

Com

mis

sion

er’s

orde

rs.

93

12

34

56

78

910

11

RE

VIS

ED

CH

ITH

A F

OR

M

Vill

age

/ tow

n __

____

____

___

mau

za__

____

____

__ci

rcle

____

____

__

Dis

trict

____

____

____

Area

Type of patta and No.

Land Revenue

Local Rate

Name, Father’s name andaddress of pattadars

Name, Father’s name andaddress of actual occupant(Dakhalkar) whose namehas not been mutated.

Type of tenancy/Khatian No. and rate of rent etc.

Name, Father’s nameand address of sub-tenants.

Dag No.

Classification of land

Name, Father’s name andaddress of Tenant/Adhiar.

Rev

enue

94

1213

1415

1617

1819

2021

2223

2425

2627

2829

3031

RE

VIS

ED

CH

ITH

A F

OR

M

Vill

age/

tow

n___

____

____

__ m

auza

circ

le _

____

____

___

Dis

tric

t ___

____

____

1st y

ear

Source of irrigation

Name of the crop

Area sown more thanonce.

Nature of land use

Area

Source of irrigation

Name of the crop

Area

Area sown more thanonce.

Nature of land use

Area.

Unc

ropp

edA

rea

2nd

year

3rd

year

Cro

pped

Are

aU

ncro

pped

Are

aC

ropp

ed A

rea

Unc

ropp

edA

rea

Cro

pped

Are

a

Area

Nature of land use

Area

Source of irrigation

Name of the crop

Area

Area sown more thanonce.

Name and number offruit trees

Remarks

95

REVISED AREA ABSTRACT FORM

96

RE

VIS

ED

AR

EA

AB

ST

RA

CT

FO

RM

Year

____

____

_

Vill

age_

____

____

____

____

_ m

auza

___

____

____

_ c

ircle

___

____

____

_

Dis

tric

t ___

____

____

Set

tled

land

Barren and unculturable land

Land put to non-agriculturaluses.

Land under miscellancovstree crops and groves notshown in area sown.

Culturable waste

Current fallow

Other fallow

Net area sown

Area sown more than once

Total area sown

Uns

ettle

d la

nd

Permanged pasture andother grazing land.

Total settled land i.e. Totalof columns 2 to 10.

Forest

Barren and unculturable waste

Land out to non-agriculturaluses.

Permanent pastures andother grazing lands.

Land under miscllaneous treecrops and groves not shown inarea sown

Culturable waste

12

34

56

78

910

1112

1314

1516

1718

1920

21

Page No.

Forest

Current fallow

Other fallow

97

RE

VIS

ED

AR

EA

AB

ST

RA

CT

FO

RM

Year

____

____

_

Vill

age/

tow

n___

____

____

__

Mau

za _

____

____

___

Circ

le _

____

____

___

Dis

tric

t ___

____

____

Uns

ettle

d la

ndTotal i.e.Total of columns 14 to 22 orTotal of columns 25 and 26.

Forest Columns 2-14

Barren and unculturable landColumns 3-15

Land put to non-agriculturaluses. Columns 4-16

Permanent pastures and othergrazing lands. Columns 5 to 17.

Land under miscellaneous cropsand groves not showninareasown Column 6 to 18.

Culturabel waste. Columns7 to 19.

Tota

l set

tled

and

unse

ttled

land

Ordinary Sarkari

Current fallow Columns 8-20

Other fallow Columns 9-21

Net area sown. Columns 10-22

Area sown more than once.Columns 11-23

Total area sown. Col-umns 12-24.

Total Geographical 1 area col-umns 13-27

Rem

arks

2223

2425

2627

2829

3031

3233

3435

3637

3839

40

Tota

l uns

ettle

d la

nd

Total area sown

Reserve sarkari

Net area sown

Area sown more than once

98

RE

VIS

ED

CR

OP

A

BS

TR

AC

T P

AR

T-I

(SP

RIN

G T

OU

R)

FO

RM

-Con

td.

Vill

age_

____

____

____

M

auza

___

____

____

_ C

ircle

___

____

____

_

Dis

tric

t ___

____

____

Irrigated.

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

12

34

56

78

910

1112

1314

1516

1718

1920

21

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Pine apple

Citrus fruits (Orange, Lemon).

Mango

Jack fruit

Coconuts.

Arecanuts.

Cashewnuts.

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Page No.

Irrigated

Ahu (Autumn Rice)

Maize.

Betel leaf.

99

RE

VIS

ED

CR

OP

A

BS

TR

AC

T P

AR

T-I

(SP

RIN

G T

OU

R)

FO

RM

-Con

td.

Vill

age_

____

____

____

M

auza

___

____

____

_ C

ircle

___

____

____

_

Dis

tric

t ___

____

____

Irrigated.

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

2223

2425

2627

2829

3031

3233

3435

3637

3839

4041

4243

4445

4647

48

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Vegetables.

Chillies.

Jute.

Mista Mustard

Fodder crop.

Name.

Total area sown (forspring tour).

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Remarks

Castor seed (Endi-muga).

Name.

Name.

Name.

Sweet PotatoUnirrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Irrigated.........

100

RE

VIS

ED

CR

OP

AB

ST

RA

CT.

PA

RT-

II (W

INT

ER

TO

UR

) F

OR

M-C

ontd

.

Vill

age_

____

____

____

M

auza

___

____

____

_ C

ircle

___

____

____

_

Dis

tric

t ___

____

____

Irrigated.

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

12

34

56

78

910

1112

1314

1516

1718

19

Boro (Summer Rice)

Wheat.

Chheene.

Other cereals.

Arhor.

Grane Grain(Gran)

Khesari.

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Page No.

IrrigatedSali (Winter Rice).

Bao (Winter Rice)

101

RE

VIS

ED

CR

OP

AB

ST

RA

CT.

PA

RT-

II (W

INT

ER

TO

UR

) F

OR

M-C

ontd

.

Vill

age_

____

____

____

M

auza

___

____

____

_ C

ircle

___

____

____

_

Dis

tric

t ___

____

____

Irrigated.

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

2021

2223

2425

2627

2829

3031

3233

3435

3637

3839

Masur.

Peas.

Other pulses

Onion

Chillies.Irrigated

Unirrigated

Sugarcane

Potato

Other vegetables.

Unirrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

IrrigatedMoong

Matikalai

102

RE

VIS

ED

CR

OP

AB

ST

RA

CT.

PA

RT-

II (W

INT

ER

TO

UR

) F

OR

M-C

ontd

.

Vill

age_

____

____

____

M

auza

___

____

____

_ C

ircle

___

____

____

_

Dis

tric

t ___

____

____

Irrigated.

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

4041

4243

4445

4647

4849

5051

5253

5455

5657

5859

Other condiments and spices

Tea.

Til (sesame) (Seasome)

Cotton

Miscellaneous Food crops..Irrigated

Unirrigated

Rape and mustard.

Lianseed.

Tobacco.

Unirrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

IrrigatedGinger

Turmeric.

103

6061

6263

6465

6667

6869

7071

7273

7475

7677

RE

VIS

ED

CR

OP

AB

ST

RA

CT.

PA

RT-

II (W

INT

ER

TO

UR

) F

OR

M.

Vill

age_

____

____

____

M

auza

___

____

____

_ C

ircle

___

____

____

_

Dis

tric

t ___

____

____

Irrigated.

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

Unirrigated

Total area sown (for Wintertour).

Unirrigated

Unirrigated

Irrigated

IrrigatedMiscellaneous Non-Foodcrops.

Name ....................( )

Name ....................( )

Name ....................( )

Name ....................( )

Total

Area sown more than once.

Net Area sown. Col. (76)— Col. (77)

Remarks.

Total area sown (for bothspring and winter tours)

104

12

34

56

78

910

IRR

IGA

TIO

N A

BS

TR

AC

T F

OR

M.

Ass

am S

ched

ule

____

____

____

_

Du

e o

n _

____

____

___

Year

___

____

____

____

__

Det

ails

of a

rea

irri

gat

ed fr

om

dif

fern

t so

urc

es in

the

villa

ge

of _

____

____

____

____

____

Gov

ernm

ent

Priv

ate

Tota

lTa

nks

Tub

e w

ells

Oth

er w

ells

Wel

lsO

ther

Sou

rces

Net

are

aIrr

igat

ed.

Gro

ss A

rea

irrig

ated

.A

rea

irrig

ated

mor

e th

anon

ce

Can

als

Are

a Ir

rigat

ed fr

om

105

EXTRACTS OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THEGOVERNMENT OF ASSAM IN THE

REVENUE (SETTLEMENT)DEPARTMENT

The 25th September 1958

Resolution on Settlement of Agricultural Lands

No. RSS. 205/58.- The land settlement policy in respect of agricultural lands inAssam had to be adopted according to the conditions prevailing from time to time. Thepermanent Settlement was introduced in most of the areas in Goalpara District andKarimganj Subdivison of Cachar District. The Sidli and Bijni Duars Estates in Goalparahad a peculiar status of their own and were called ‘Acknowledged Estates’. In the otherPlains Districts which are known as Temporarily - Settled Districts there are Lakherajlands paying no revenue at all; Nisf-kheraj lands paying half the revenue and Kherajlands paying full revenue. Of the Kheraj lands, there are periodic patta lands with heri-table and transferable rights, and annual patta lands without heritable and transferablerights. Besides, the Hills Districts have their own system of land management.

During the last Century vast tracts were lying waste in jungles. In order toencourage tea cultivation, Fee Simple Grants were made with tea planters by theGovernment. Besides tea, special lease of land were issued for special cultivation. Inthese circumstances, varieties of system in land settlement were evolved.

2. With the growth of population and the progress of land reclamation, the circum-stances changed from time to time and the policy regarding settlement had to be modifiedto suit the condition prevailing at particular times. From the beginning of the presentCentury immigrants from East Bengal began to come in search of lands. From 1920they began to pour in large numbers and encroach into the areas inhabited by the PlainsTribal people and clashes ensued. In order to protect the tribals from being outsted fromtheir Villages and also to prevent clashes between the immigrants and the local people“Line System,” with Colonisation Scheme was introduced. The Congress Coalition Ministryby their Regulation of 5th November 1939, declared that all persons whether immigrantsor non-immigrants should be evicted from the Professional Grazing Reserves and Vil-lage Grazing Reserves. The resolution also proposed to constitute “Prohibited Areas”to give protection to Tribal, Scheduled Castes and other Backward Classes of people.

After the resignation of the Coalition Ministry, the Saadulla Ministry whichsucceeded it did not accept the Coalition Ministry’s Resolution and initiated the Devel-opment Schemes by resolution of 21st June 1940. Those Schemes attracted consider-able criticisms and opposition which found expression in the session of the Assemblyduring which the life of the Ministry came to an end. Pending formation of a new Ministry,the Governor abandoned the Development Schemes and reverted to the ColonisationScheme. The following classes of immigrants were to get preference in settlementwithin the Colonisation Areas.

106

(1) Those settlement-holders whose lands were eroded.

(2) Those who purchased annual lands in closed villages.

(3) Those who were for some years continuously in unauthorised occupation inReserves. If possible they should get settlement in the Reserve by deservation or getsettlement in the Colonisation Areas. Premium was charged in the Colonisation Area atRs. 5 per bigha.

Since then three more Resolutions were passed, viz., the Resolution of 24thAugust 1943, the Resolution of 15th January 1945 and the Resolution of 13th July 1945.The latest Resolution, i.e., the Resolution of 13th July 1945, lays down the principlesbroadly as follows.

(a) Planned Settlement, i.e., settlement to those from outside the village afterkeeping 30 per cent of the cultivable waste lands in the undeveloped villages, i.e.,villages with more than 200 bighas of waste lands. Settlement was not to exceed 20bighas per family of 5 members or less, and 30 bighas in the case of a larger family.

(b) Muslim immigrants from East Bengal who came before 1st January 1938were to be treated as equally entitled to get settlement as the landless indigenouspersons.

(c) The Tribal classes were to be protected by constitution of Tribal Belts andBlocks in areas predominantly occupied by them.

(d) The grazing and other Reserves were to be maintained.

To give effect to the clause as at (c), a Chapter viz., Chapter X of the AssamLand and Revenue Regulation has been added and Tribal Belts and Blocks have beenconstituted covering an area of 5715.4 sq.miles with villages where percentage of tribalpopulation is more than 50. A Belt is constituted where the areas with tribal majority arecontinuous and stretch out for a long distance. If the continuity is broken by interventionof non-tribal areas, then Blocks are formed.

After the partition of India when East Bengal was included in Pakistan, the policyas stated in (b) was modified by the Resolution of 20th February 1950 by stating thatthe Muslim from East Pakistan who had not acquired the right of Indian Citizenship inthe Indian Union would not be entitled to get settlement of waste lands.

3. Since the above Resolutions were passed, there have been substantial changein the circumstances and conditions of the State. The population has increased bynatural growth as well as by influx of a large number of displaced persons mostly fromEast Bengal numbering about 5,00,000. The great earthquake of 1950 has seriouslychanged the topography in the eastern part of the State, particularly in the District ofLakhimpur and Sibsagar. Large tracts of land have been rendered unfit for cultivation,and large areas have been eroded by the high floods following the Great Earthquake.The result has been that a considerable number of persons including the displacedpersons started moving into the forest and grazing reserves and began cultivating the

107

lands. This was followed by clashes between the encroachers and the graziers in theProfessional Grazing Reserves and between the encroachers and the villagers in theVillage Grazing Grounds.

The Constitution has also given autonomy to the Hills Districts where the admin-istration of land within the Autonomous Districts has vested in the District Councils,except the existing Forest Reserves. The State Government however has no hand in theadministration of the land.

4. The total area of Assam after deducting the areas covered by North-EastFrontier Agency and the Autonomous Hills Districts, is only 23,000 sq. miles. Out of this,approximately 5,000 sq. miles are covered by rivers, hills, marshy lands and sandytracts, and areas unfit for cultivation. The total population according to 1951 censusexcluding North-East Frontier Agency and Autonomous Districts was 7,805,558 of whomabout 15 per cent are without any land and about 52 per cent have holdings of less than10 bighas.

The areas covered by different Reserves are :

Forest Reserves in the Plains Districts — 5,000 sq. miles (approximately) includ-ing the Zamidary Forests.

Professional Grazing Reserves and Village Grazing Grounds — 865 sq. miles.

Total — 5,865 sq. miles.

According to the International Standard, at least 25 per cent of the area shouldbe under Reserved Forest; but in view of threat of invasion by desert, Government ofIndia have now advised to raise this percentage to 33. If we confine ourselves to thePlains Districts alone, the area of the Reserved Forests comes to 21.5 per cent only;but with the Autonomous Districts, the percentage of Reserved Forest comes to 12(approximately) only. If the professional Grazing Reserves and Village Grazing Groundsbe all thrown open, even then the area will not be sufficient to provide lands to all theindigenous landless people besides the 5,00,000 displaced persons from East Paki-stan who are also landless. But in order to meet the pressing need of the earthquakeand flood affected people, Government had to dereserve 16,754 acres from the Forestsand 1,00, 170 acres from Professional Grazing Reserves and Village Grazing Grounds.Besides, 46,365 acres of surplus tea lands were requisitioned from the Tea Gardens.

5. In the changed circumstances after Independence, it has been recognised allover India that land reforms and agrarian re-organisation are essential for the develop-ment of the country. The Planning Commission have laid down the broad principles onland reforms and agrarian re-organisation in two groups.

(i) The abolition of Zamindars and Intermediaries

This is recommended with a view to securing fixity of tenure and transfer ofownership to actual tillers.

(ii) Agrarian re-organisation

The main aspect of the Agrarian Re-organisation are :

108

(a) Consolidation of holdings;

(b) Land Management Practices;

(c) Development of Co-operative Farming;

(d) Development of Co-operative Village Management.

This Government have accepted the above principles as laid down by the Plan-ning Commission; and in order to Implement the above, following legislations have beenenacted since 1948:

(i) The Assam Adhiars Protection and Regulation Act, 1948 — Act XII of1948 as subsequently amended.

(ii) The Assam State Acquisition of Zamindaries Act, 1951 — Act XVIII of1951 as subsequently amended.

(iii) The Assam (Temporarily- Settled Districts) Tenancy Act, 1935, as amendedby the Act I of 1943 and Act XXVII of 1953.

iv) The Assam Fixation of Ceilings on Land Holdings Act, 1956-Act I of 1957as amended by Act XVII of 1957.

In addition to the above a Bill for consolidation of land holdings and another Billfor acquisition of lands not covered by the Ceilings Act are under preparation.

6. Having considered the present conditions prevailing in Assam and the prin-ciples laid down by the Planning Commission, Government are pleased to lay down theland policy as stated below.

(i) The implementation of the Acts already in existence in respect of landreforms and agrarian reforms shall be taken up immediately; and stepsshallbe taken to pass legislations in respect of other reform measures.

(ii) The annual patta lands confer no right of transfers, or of inheritance be-yond the year of issue, or of subletting. Consequently, there is no securityof tenure. And the lands being non-transferable, the owners cannot procureany loan against the securities of these annual lands. The patta are gen-erally renewed annually on the basis of actual possession. This gives ascope for unauthorised occupation. The pattas, being liable to cancellationon service of non-renewal notice, there is no security of tenure.

Annual land can be converted into periodic on fulfilling the following con-ditions —

(a) That the land has been demarcated and actually surveyed and is situatedin a village which is traversed and surveyed and mapped and classed.

(b) The land has been actually cultivated with some permanent crops, suchas sali paddy.

(c) A premium at the rate of Rs. 5 per bigha is paid.

109

Orders have already been issued to convert all annual lands into periodicas expeditiously as possible wherever these conditions are fulfilled. Gov-ernment have decided that the premium may be paid in 5 equal annualinstalments. The land shall be converted into periodic on payment of thefirst instalment. The balance shall be realisable as arrears of land revenueand as a first charge on the land so converted. The Ceiling Act providesfor a maximum of 150 bighas for each joint family. It is proposed to convertonly so much of annual land as would not exceed a total of 150 bighas. Toexpedite conversion the applicant for conversion shall submit a declara-tion about the total area of land owned by him and the Sub-Deputy Col-lector may act on such declaration without further enquiry. Pending conver-sion to periodic lands, no annual patta land shall be cancelled withoutprevious approval of Government. Government decide to waive their rightto cancel an annual lease, and to renew it automatically in those cases inwhich the land is pledged on mortgage to Government or to a State spon-sored Co-operative. Society against loan advanced for the purpose ofremoving rural indebtedness or establishment of Cottage Industries orproviding loans to low income groups and other such beneficial purposesto the people. In all such cases, the lease shall be renewable from year toyear during the subsistence of the security and for a period of five yearsthere after in favour of the settlement-holder, his heir and legal represen-tative and assignee by operation of law.

(iii) The area of Forest Reserves, being short of the International Standard, itwill be harmful for the best interest of the State and its people to reducethe total area of Forest Reserves any further. Deforestation is likely toaffect rainfall and climate causing drought, flood and soil erosion which willhave harmful effect on agriculture and consequent production of food.

(iv) In the case of Professional Grazing Reserves, even the existing area isnot considered to be sufficient for the maintenance of the total number ofbuffaloes and cattle kept by the Professional Graziers. It will take time tocreate the habit of stall feeding of buffaloes and cattle by the Graziers. Theexisting area therefore shall not be reduced except in exceptional circum-stances.

(v) In the matter of Village Grazing Grounds, it is proposed to take up scien-tific fodder cultivation through Government Departments, Village Panchayatsor other suitable Organisations of people in suitable areas of these Graz-ing Reserves. After implementing this proposal, it may be considered ifany surplus area be available for dereservation and settlement for cultiva-tion or for any public purpose.

(vi) It has appeared to Government that there has been a tendency fororganised encroachment into the Forest and Grazing Reserves. Such en-croachment shall be dealt with firmly, and the local Officers shall keepthemselves sufficiently alert and evict the encroachers before they getthemselves established or raise any crops.

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(vii) The total available surplus cultivable lands being insufficient to meet thedemand of the agriculturists individually, the future settlement for agricul-tural purpose shall be made as far as possible with Co-operatives ofFarmers. When settlement to individuals have to be given, the area shouldordinarily be limited to 8 bighas to 12 bighas according to the fertility ofthe soil. In giving settlement to individuals, preference shall be given in thefollowing order —

(a) The Settlement-holders who have been rendered landless due to flood,river erosion or earthquake and whose lands were requisitioned oracquisitioned by Government for public purposes.

(b) The landless cultivators and displaced persons.

(c) Settlement holders who have been rendered landless by river erosion andwho occupy Reserves with the permission of the Deputy Commissioners.Such occupants shall not be removed until alternative land can be pro-vided.

Steps shall be taken to reclaim whatever area be available by means ofirrigation drainage or by embankment or by any other means.

Settlement of lands are now being made by the local officers on theadvice of the Land Settlement Advisory Committees. It has been foundthat on account of undue delay in coming to decisions by such Commit-tees sometimes available cultivable lands remain unallotted for a longtime. This causes hardship to the landless and adversely affects foodproduction. In such cases, Government may reconstitute such Committeesfor expediting allotments.

(viii) In the matter of food production, steps shall be taken to organise thecultivators field wise by formation of Farmers Co-operatives. When this isnot possible immediately, the Field Management Committees shall beformed in collaboration with Panchayats, and those Committee shall beassisted by agricultural and Co-operative experts. At the State level thereshall be one State Land Advisory Board to guide and render necessaryassistance to the Field Management Committees.

(ix) Gramdan Movement is gaining ground and there are more than 70 gramdanvillages at present. It is the policy of the Government to help GramdanMovement and render possible assistance.

(x) Surplus waste lands of Tea Gardens which can be requistioned withoutaffecting the Industry may be requisitioned for distribution in order of pref-erence as stated in sub-paragraph (vii) of paragraph 6.

K.C.BARUA

Secy. to the Govt. of Assam, Revenue Department.

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APPENDIX D

GOVERNMENT OF ASSAM

REVENUE (SETTLEMENT) DEPARTMENT

SETTLEMENT BRANCH

No. RSS. 329/53, dated Shillong, the 6th March 1959.

From — Shri K.C. Barua, I.A.S., Secretary to the Government of Assam

To — All the Deputy Commissioners, Subdivisional Officers and Settlement Offic-ers of the Plains Districts and Revenue and Settlement Officers, Goalpara and Karimganj.

SUBJECT —Instruction on the Government Resolution No. RSS. 205/58, dated25th September, 1958 on Settlement of Agricultural land.

Sir,

In inviting a reference to para 6 of the Government Resolution of the 25th Sep-tember, 1958 on Settlement of Agricultural land, I am directed to say that Governmentdesire quick implementation of the policy as laid down therein. For systematic anduniform implementation of the Policy with regard to conversion of annual land into pe-riodic, non-renewal of annual patta, maintenance of Reserves, Settlement of waste land,etc., detailed instructions are given below for the guidance of the local officers.

I. Conversion of Annual Patta Land into Periodic.

1. Every Circle Sub-Deputy Collector/ Assistant Settlement Officer shall maintaina separate register of petitions for conversion of annual leases into periodic, and shalltake up separate proceedings in respect of each petition.

2. Immediately on receipt of a petition for conversion of annual lease into peri-odic, the Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer shall verify it and satisfyhimself that the petition contains the following informations :—

(i) Name of the Settlement holder, his father’s name and address.

(ii) Detailed description of the land applied for conversion and the crops raisedduring the previous year or whether the land is utilised as a homestead.

(iii) Total annual and periodic patta land including the area applied for conver-sion, held by the settlement holder and by the other member of his family (family includejoint family). A declaration by the petitioner that he does not hold more than 150 bighasin all shall be taken as sufficient without further enquiry.

3. If the area land applied for conversion is within the competence of the Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer to convert into periodic and is located ina surveyed village, and the Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer is satis-fied from the reformations mentioned in para 2 above that the condition required byRules 105 or 209 B of the Assam Land Records Manual is fulfilled, he shall direct the

112

applicant to pay the premium due in respect of so much of the land as can be convertedinto periodic under-para 6 (ii) of the Government Resolution. In cases of untraversedareas if the Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer is satisfied as to thefitness for conversion under rule 209 B, he shall record reasons for the same. Thespecially deputed Assistant shall receive the premium and shall issue a receipt to theperson who pays it.

4. If the applicant pays at least one-fifth of the total premium due from him theSub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer shall allow conversion of the annuallease into periodic and shall direct the applicant to pay the balance in 4 annualinstalments, commencing from the 1st April of the following year. A copy of the ordershall be submitted to the Deputy Commissioner or Subdivisional Officer as the casemay be , for record.

5. Where the area to be converted exceeds 30 bighas the Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer shall calculate the premium payable by the applicant andsubmit his records to the Deputy Commissioner, Subdivisional Officer or SettlementOfficer as the case may be, with the request to return the records by a fixed date. Thelatter shall pass necessary order and return the records to the Sub-Deputy Collector.

6. On the date so fixed the Sub-Deputy Collector shall communicate the order ofthe Deputy Commissioner, Sub-divisional Officer/Settlement Officer to the applicant andin case where conversion has been allowed the Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settle-ment Officer shall take action as directed in para 4 above.

7. The amount of premium collected during a week shall be credited into thenearest treasury of the District or State Bank, on Monday following the collection.

8. The Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer shall maintain clearaccounts of all premia collected in his office, in the prescribed manner, and shall bepersonally responsible for all cash and accounts.

9. The Assistant especially deputed in this behalf shall furnish a cash security ofRs. 1,000.

10. Deputy Commissioner/Settlement Officer/ Subdivisional Officer shall submitto the Government quarterly reports on the progress of conversion of annual pattas intoperiodic in the proforma annexed herewith.

II. Non-renewal of annual lease –

11. Normally, annual lease once issued should be renewed from year to year.Wherever such renewal is considered undesirable for violation of any of the conditionsin the lease or otherwise, the Deputy Commissioner or any other officer duly authorisedin this behalf, should call upon the settlement holder and the actual occupants to showcause, by a fixed date why the lease should not be cancelled. The grounds on which thecancellation is proposed should by clearly set forth in the notice. A hearing should begiven to parties concerned and a summary of evidences, if adduced, should be re-corded. If after consideration of the evidences and the causes shown by the parties, theDeputy Commissioner or any other competent officer finds no reason for cancellation of

113

the lease, he shall pass necessary orders. But it in his opinion there appear somereasons for cancellation of the lease, he should submit his proceedings, along with hisreports to the Government for consideration. No patta should be cancelled without priorapproval of the Government.

In case of lands required for any public purpose the show cause notice may bedispensed with and the non renewal notice maybe straightway issued at least 3 monthsbefore the date of expiry of the lease. But actual cancellation of the patta shall not beeffected before Government orders are obtained.

III. Forest Reserves and Village and Professional Grazing Reserves –

12. The lot mandal must invariably, inspect each Village and Grazing Reservesand Professional Grazing Reserves within his charge, once in every two months. Andencroachment detected in any of these reserves should be forth with reported to theCircle Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer. The Sub-Deputy Collector/Assistant Settlement Officer should ensure that such reports reach the Deputy Commis-sioner / Sub-divisional officer within one week of the date of receipt. The Deputy Com-missioner should take serious notice of any failure on the part of land records staff toreport encroachment within one month of the first unauthorised occupation of the re-serves. Severe disciplinary action should be taken against the person or persons whointentionally or negligently cause delay.

13. On receipt of the encroachment reports the Deputy Commissioner/Subdivisional Officer should institute ejectment proceeding under Rule 18 of the Settle-ment Rules and take immediate action to evict the encroachers. Provision of the rulesfor confiscation of properties and imposition of daily fines should be freely used.

Government would view with great disfavour any delay in eviction of encroachersfrom the Professional Grazing Reserves, Village Grazing Reserve and Forest Reserves.

14. Settlement holders who have been rendered landless due to erosion by riversand have taken shelter in village Grazing Reserves and Professional Grazing Reservesas prior to 12th September, 1958 with permission of the Deputy Commissioner orSubdivisional Officer, should not be evicted from such Professional Grazing Reserves/Village Grazing Reserves until they are provided with alternative lands elsewhere. Thisshould be construed as allowing encroachments into the Reserves on account of ero-sion of some areas of their holding . If their homesteads, are not eroded, or theypossess high land suitable for homestead, either as owner or as tenant then they shouldnot be allowed accommodation in any Reserve. If the homestead of a family is erodedand no suitable land left for shifting, the family may be allowed to shift temporarily intoa Reserve and may stay there until alternative land is found out. If the homestead isinundated or eroded by a sudden flood, the person so affected may shift to somereserve, but immediately after removal to the reserve they must inform the Circle Sub-Deputy Collector or the Deputy Commissioner or Subdivisional Officer. It must be clearlyunderstood that where such homestead will again become abitable after the flood re-cedes, the owner must vacate their occupation in the reserves. Such encroachmentsunder the aforesaid circumstances may be presumed to be occupation with permissionof the Deputy Commissioner.

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Until alternative land is found, no family should be allowed to occupy more than3 bighas.

IV. Settlement of Waste Land —

15. In the matter of settlement of waste land, landless displaced cultivators fromPakistan shall have equal claim with the local landless agriculturist. Settlement of wasteland shall be made with individual cultivator in order of preference as laid down inparagraph 6 (vii) of the Government Resolution.

16. In compact blocks of 50 bighas or more of waste land, no settlement with anyindividual should be allowed without prior approval of the Government. Settlement ofsuch blocks should be ordinarily allowed to co-operative farming societies of actuallandless cultivators.

17. The Deputy Commissioner and Subdivisional Officer in consultation with thegarden authorities, should make a correct estimate of the actual surplus waste landavailable for the ordinary cultivation in the Tea garden grants. A register of such teagarden waste land should be maintained. The names of the tea estates where suchwaste land is available, the area and the class of such waste land should be noted inappropriate columns of the register. A list of such tea garden grants with the area ofavailable waste land should be submitted to the Government by 31st March, 1959 forinformation.

18. The Deputy Commissioners/ Subdivisional Officers should prepare Mauza-wise list of landless cultivators. This may be done with reference to the waste landpetitions pending with the Deputy Commissioners, Subdivisional Officer and Sub-DeputyCollectors and with the help of the Panchayats. In mauzas where surplus tea gardenwaste land is available the listed landless cultivators of the Mauza should be asked toform farmers co-operative societies and credit the cost of compensation for requisitionand acquisition of the surplus tea garden land only one year’s compensation for requi-sition should be charged. If the landless cultivator mentioned above comply with thisdirection of the Deputy Commissioner the surplus tea garden land should be requisi-tioned and the possession of it should be delivered to the society. Proceedings foracquisition of the land should be started after delivery of possession to the Society andon realisation of the acquisition cost. The landless cultivators of the neighbouring Mouzasmay be allowed to join such co-operative societies or form similar co-operative societ-ies of their mauzas. Their cases should also be considered if sufficient land is available.

19. Government propose to examine by the experts of the Flood ControlDepartment the feasibility of reclamation of low lying swampy areas which are at presentuncultivable. The Deputy Commissioners and the Subdivisional Officers should submitto the Government as early as possible a list of all such land other than the registeredfisheries within their subdivisions. The report should contain a brief description of theland with location.

115

I am to request you to follow the instructions as indicated above and difficulty ifexperienced in course of implementation of the instruction and the policy you may pleaserefer to Government for clarification.

Yours faithfully,K.C.BARUA,

Secretary to the Government of Assam.

Memo. No. RSS. 329/53A., dated Shillong, the 6th March,

o— copy to

1. Commissioner of Plains Division

2. Director of Land Records, Assam.

3. Revenue( Land Revenue) Department.

4. Revenue (Reforms) Department.

By Order, etc.

S. Sarkar,Under-Secretary,

to the Government of Assam.

116

INDEX A Rule Page

Absence - 27 15from duty, recorders 27 15leave of, supervisor kanungos 132 59Abstract -diaries, supervisor kanungos, recorders 219 90Weekly diary - recorders 29 16Weekly diary - supervisor kanungos 135 60Acquittance rolls - delay of 200 78Additions procedure in registering exclusions and - 186 73Allowances - field 129 58Alteration - of periodic field 45 22Amount of - touring required fromSub-Deputy Collectors 203 79Annual and periodic pattas - orders for issue of 105 46Annual return of work by kanungos 177 68Annual return of survey instruments 176 68Annual return of Sub-Deputy Collector 222 91Annulments - record of 24 13Appointment--recorders 1 1registrar kanungo 180 69supervisor kanungo 125 56Areas-unsurveyed disappearance of 162 65verification and classification of 87 42Assessment-check of the calcuation of 114 54of new land 19 10settlement statement 171 67Assessment rolls - the striking off of land from the 20 11Attendence - of recorders on mauzadars 30 16

B

Bigha rates - calcualation of 92 43Books - diary, distribution by registrar kanungo 194 77Boundary marks - inspection of 33,159 17,65

C

Calculation of new assessment - check of 162 65Candidates - register of 195 77Certificates-for extension survey 13 7Survey School 9(1) 6Chains - check of recorder’s 142 61Chargemaking over - recorders 37 20making over - supervisor kanungos 133 59Check-of field work, supervior kanungo, by inspection 154 64general character of 148 62

117

Rule Page

of recess work 160 65comparison by supervisor kanungo 165 66of calculation of new assessments 162 65of faut, ferar and jotrahin lists 158,208,63 64,81,36

Rule Pageof map record of 153 63of measurement 149 62of mutations 170 67of recorder’s chain 142 61of recorder’s measuring standard 143 61of recorder’s work by Sub-Deputy Collector 206 80of relinquishments 157 64of totalling 164 66Chitha -columns, 1,2,3,4 58 28Colummn 8 - 11, tenants 58 (iv) & (v) 29Columns 15,16,21,22 crop entries 61 32Columns 27 & 28 land class 58 (1) 28Columns 1 unsettled land 59 29correction of 156 64new draft, preparing 113 53old field 69 38surveyed areas 16,56 9totalling and comparison of 95 44unsurveyed areas 17,119 9,55Classification of house garden areas 61 33Class of pattas - new and re-included 111 49Cold weather tour- operations of 107 47Comparisons - check by supervisor kanungo 165 66Control and check of recess work 160 65Correction of chitha entries 156 64

Court-changes ordered by the 101 45transfer to recorder’s papers of mutationsordered in 187 73Crop failures and mixed crops 61(xi) (xii) 34Crop entries - columns 7,11 of chitha 61, 84 32,84

Crops-on different parts of the same field 61 32failiures and mixed 61 32

Crop statement-of registrar kanungo 197 77recorder’s supplementary settlement abstractsand pattas 112 50Custody of records by registrar Kanungo 188 74

Rule Page D

Dakhalkars -

118

entry of name of in cloumn 5 of chitha 82 41unregistered, their entry, time of 57 28Delay of acquittance rolls 200 78Demarcations in Surma Valley 32 17Dhips - kanungo’s 144 61

Diary -Books, distribution by registrar Kanungo 194 77entries to be made in recorder’s, and note 139 16book of recorders 29 60

Rule Pageof Sub-Deputy Collectors 205 79of supervisor kanungos 135 60weekly abstract - recorders’ 29 16weekly abstract supervisor kanungos’ 135 60

Diaries-Sub-Deputy Collector’s 198,223 78,93Supervisor Kanungos abstract 219 90Different crops - on different parts of the same field 61 32Disapperance of unsurveyed areas 114 54Disbursement of pay of supervisor kanungos 131 59Discrepancies in check line not due to error 152 63Disposal of old maps 191 74Disputed cased of mutation 212 86Distribution of pattas 78,108 40,48Double cropped - land when 61 32

Duration -of field work of supervisor Kanungos 147 62of tours of supervisor kanungos 145 61Duty -absence from 27 15

Duties-of recorder 5,15,115 4,8,54registrar kanungos 181 70of Sub-Deputy Collectors generally 202 73of Sub-Deputy Collectors during recess 204 79of supervisor kanungo 140 60

E

Enquires- miscellaneous revenue, by Sub-DeputyCollector 221 91Entries -to be made by supervisor Kanungo, in recorderdiary and note book 139 60correction of chitha, by supervisor kanungo 156 64

119

Rule PageEntry of -land classing in jamabandi 74 39name of dakhalkar 58.82 28,41Errors -correction of, by supervisor kanungo in checkchaining 151 63discrepancies in check line not due to 152 63in mutation, report of by registrar kanungo 184 73Exclusion-of faut, ferar and jotrahin fields from chitha byrecorder 63 36of faut, ferar and jotrahin fields action by Sub-Deputy Collector 207, 208 81procedure of registrar kanungo 186 73Extension Survey certificates 13 7

F

Faut, ferar and jotrahin-check of by Sub-Deputy Collector 207,208 81check of by Supervisor kanungo 158 64exclusion from chitha by recorder 63 36lists, preparation by recorder 22,81,121 12,40,55

Fiel -allowances 129 58mutation work undisputed, for Sub-DeputyCollectors. 211 85work, duration of, for supervisor kanungo 147 62work of recorders 44 22

Fields-faut, ferar and jotrahin, see abovehigh land rice, safeguard against assessing twiceover 46 23new, numbering on map 47 23numbering of, in unsurveyed areas 118 55periodic- alteration of 45 22tours and recesses 25 13

Fine -automatic of recorders of absence in recess 85 42of Supervisor Kanungos 126 57Fluctuating villages 150 63

Forms-see Appendix Bstandardised Appx. B 102not standardised Do. 104

120

Rule Page G

General-character of check by supervisor kanungo 148 62responsibilities of supervisor kanungo 140 60duties of Sub-Deputy Collector 202 78

H

Headquarters - visit to, by recorders 103 46House garden areas - Classification of 61(IV) 33

I

Immigrants - land held by 98 44

Increase of staff -recorders 5 4supervisor kanungos 127 58information of raiyats 31,134 17,59Inking periodic fields on the map 106 47Inspection-check by supervisor kanungos 154 64of boundary marks 33,159 17,65

Inspections-by Deputy Commissioners and SubdivisionalOfficers 224 95by Director of Land Records and his Assistant 225 95

Instruments-supervisor kanungo’s annual return of survey 176 68recorders’ 42 21registrar kanungo’s register of 192 75

JJamabandi-local periodic, correction of 88 42register, correction of 26, 14register,maintenance of 182 70

Jamabandi-entry of land classing in 74 39surveyed areas 16 9annual 19 10local periodic 72 38local periodic at disposal of mauzadar 72 38totalling and comparison of 95 44Unsurveyed areas 17,122 9,55

Jamabandi - Register -correction of 100 45Maintenance of 182 70Procedure in ditto 186 73

121

Rule Page K

Kanungo’s dhips 144 61kanungo supervisorkanungo registrar

L

Land-assessment of new - responsibility of recorders 19 10assessment of new - responsibility of supervisor kanungo 155 64held by immigrants 98 44striking off of, from the assessment rolls 20 11unsettled , columns 14,15 - chitha 67 36when double cropped 61 (VII) 33

Land Class-columns 12, 13- chitha 66 36Leave of absence of recorders 27 15Leave of absence of supervisor kanungo 132 59List of supervisor kanungo’s returns 179 69

Lists-Check by supervisor kanungo of faut, ferar andjotrahin. 158 64Check by Sub-Deputy Collector of ditto 207,208 81preparation of ditto by recorders 23,81 13,40receipt by mauzadar of ditto 23 13

M

Maintenance-of survey marks 34,35 18,19of jamabandi register 182 70Map -care of 40 21checking, record of 153 63disposal of old 191 74filling of 55 27issue register 188 74new map, when required 39 21preparation of - for new field work 51,52 25surveyed areas 16 9Mapping of new cultivation 79 40

Marks-inspection of boundary - by supervisor kanungo 159 65maintenance of survey 34,35 18,19survey 33 17

122

Rule PageMauzadars-alteration by, of recorder’s list of faut, ferar andjotrahin 22 12attendance of recorders on 30 16claim of jamabandi for wasil, tahsil of tauzi 72 38mutations and partitions by 215 87Measurement - check of 149 62Measuring standard - check of recorder’s 143 61Method of survey 117 54Miscellaneous revenue enquires 220 91

Mutation-check of by supervisor kanungo 170 67disputed classes of 212 87errors in, report by registrar kanungo 184 73field work, undisputed 211 85mauzadars - and partitions 216 89register of 102, 185 45,73Sub-Deputy Collector’s 210 83transfer to recorder’s paper of ordered in court 187 73work in office 217 90

N

New cultivation - mapping of 79 40New fields- particulars of 83 41New land - assessment of 19 10Newly - taken land ommission of 155 64

Note book-of checking, recorders’ 55,153 27, 63entries to be made in recorder’s diary and 139 60

Numbering -of fields, surveyed areas 47 23of fields, unsurveyed areas 118 55

OOffice-mutation work in 107 90Omission of newly-taken land, check bysupervisor kanungo 155 64

Operations -of cold weather tour 107 47spring tour 77 39winter recess 110 49

Orders -for issue of annual and periodic pattas 105 46of Deupty Commissioner 201 78

123

Rule Page P

Particulars of new fields, entry in chitha 83 41Partition by Sub-Deputy Collectors, undisputedcases of 214 87Partitions mauzadar’s mutations and 215 89

Patta-class of new and re-included 111 49distribution of 78,108 40,48orders for issue of annual and periodic 105 46supplementary settlement abstract, cropstatement and 112 50Pattas transfer from one to another 213 86Pay of supervisor kanungos- disbursement of 131 59Pay bill - recordes’ and supervisor kanungos’ 199 78Periodic fields -alteration of 45 22inking - on the map 106 47Periodic Jamabandi - local correction of 88 42Periodic pattas or annual - orders for issue of 105 46Plotting 49 24

Preparation of-faut, ferar and jotrahin lists by recorder 22,81 12,40map for new field work 51,52 25village and lot plus ad minus settlement abstract 96 44village abstracts and totals 94 44Preparing new draft chithas 113 53Pony-supervisor kanungo to keep 128 58Procedure in registering exclusions and additionsin Jamabandi register 186 73

Promotion-recorders’ 2 1supervisors kanungo’s 125 56

Punishment-recorder’s 4 2

registrar kanungo’s 180 69supervisor kanungo’s 126 57

Q

Qualifications -recorders’ 8 5

RRaiyats-information to 31,134 17,59Rates-sanctioned bigha 92 43in unsurveyed and unsettled areas 93 44

124

Rule PageRecess-control and check of - work by supervisor kanungo 160 65duties of Sub-Deputy Collector during 204 79operations of winter 110 49work of recorders in 86 42

Recesses-Field tours and - of recorders 25 13ditto in- unsurveyed areas 116 54Record of-map testing with recorder 55 27map checking by supervisor kanungo 153 63

Recorder - see Table of Contents-Records - custody of by registrar kanungo 188 74

Register-of candidates, recorders 195 77of mutations 102, 185 45,73Jamabandi, correction of 100 45Jamabandi, maintenance of 182 70Jamabandi, maintenance, procedure 186 73

Registers-circle office 223 93recorder’s 38 20registrar kanungo’s 181 70supervisor kanungo’s 172 67

Reliquishmentscheck of , by supervisor kanungo 157 64verification of, by recorder 43,80 21,40

Reports-annuals, of Sub-Deputy Collectors 222 91of recorder’s bad works by supervisor kanungo 141 61of error in mutations, by registrar kanungo 184 73

Residence-recorder’s 6 5Supervisor kanungos’ 130 58

Responsibilities-general of supervisor kanungo 140 60

Return-annual of, Sub-Deputy Collector 222 91annual work, of supervisor kanungo 177 68supervisor kanungos, list of 179 69Returns and registers- recorders 38 20Revenue, enquiries, miscellaneous, by Sub-Deputy Collector 220 91

125

Rule PageRewards-recorders’ 14 8supervisor kanungo’s 129 58

S

Safeguard against assessing high land rice fields twice over 46 23Sarkari dags - treatment of 62 35

School-certificates 9(1) 6Settlement - assessment statement of (dual),supervisor kanungo’s 171 67

Settlement Abstract-preparation of the village and lot plus and minus 96 14preparation of - and crop abstract, unserveyedareas 123 55Spring tour - operations - of 77 39Staff- increase of recorders 5 4increase of supervisor kanungos 127 58Standard-check of recorder’s measuring 143 61Statement - settlement assessment 171 67Stationary-forms and........................................... 193 75Striking off of land from assessment roll 20 11Sub-Deputy Collectors- see Table of ContentsSupervisor kanungos- see Table of Contents

Supplementary settlement-abstract, crop statement and pattas 112 50survey for 109 48

Surma Valley-demarcations in 32 17pattas in 105,213 46,86

Survey-certificates (school) 9(1) 6certificates for extension 13 7instruments annual return of 176 68for supplementary settlements 109 48marks 33-35 17-19method of 48 24

Survey of-unsurveyed areas, duty of recorder 18 9unsurveyed areas, duty of Sub-Deputy Collector 218 90Surveyed areas - map chitha and jamabandi of 16 9

126

Rule Page T

Taking over -charge by recorders 37 20charge by supervisor kanungo 133 59Testing chain, by recorder 41 21Totalling - check of, by supervisor kanungo 164 66Touring - amount required from Sub-DeputyCollector 203 79

Tours -and recesses of recorders 25 13of recorders, in unsurveyed areas 116 54Supervisor kanungo’s 145 61Sub -Deputy Collectors 203 79

Transfer-from one patta to another 213 86of instruments 221 91to recorder’s papers of mutations, ordered in court 187 73

Transfers -recorders’ 3 2supervisors kanungos’ 125(IV) 57

Treatment of-sarkari dags 62 35unsurveyed areas 124 55

U

Undisputed -field mutation work 211 85cases of partition 214 87

Unsurveyed areas-Chitha and jamabandi in 17 9disappearance of 114 54faut, ferar, jotrahin and relinquishments in 121 55forms and registers to be maintained for 120 55jamabandi and chitha in 17 9

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