asphalt shingle recycling: recycled materials resource center and environmental issues
DESCRIPTION
Asphalt Shingle Recycling: Recycled Materials Resource Center and Environmental Issues. Chicago, IL November 1-2, 2007. Jenna R. Jambeck, PhD Research Assistant Professor, UNH Recycled Materials Resource Center. Established in TEA-21 in 1998 National center in partnership with FHWA - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Asphalt Shingle Recycling:Recycled Materials Resource Center and
Environmental Issues
Jenna R. Jambeck, PhDResearch Assistant Professor, UNHRecycled Materials Resource Center
Chicago, IL November 1-2, 2007
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MISSION
Overcome barriers to the appropriate use of recycled materials in the highway environment
RMRC Overview/History
• Established in TEA-21 in 1998
• National center in partnership with FHWA
• Focus on the long term engineering and environmental performance of recycled materials in the highway environment
• Primary activities are research and outreach
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Current RMRCJoint venture of University of New Hampshire and
University of Wisconsin-Madison
- UNH: Kevin Gardner (co-director), Jeff Melton, Jenna Jambeck, David Gress, Colleen Mitchell
- UW: Craig Benson (co-director), Tuncer Edil, Hussain Bahia, Andy Graettinger, Phil O’Leary, and Gary Whited
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Approach
The original Center had seven recycled materials focus areas:
1. Testing and evaluation guidelines and specifications
2. Material-application specific research and development
3. Economic and institutional issues
4. New materials and innovative technologies
5. Field trials of materials
6. Technical services
7. Technology transfer and training
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Research Map
Over 40 Research projects completed!
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Partners: MnDOT, Minn. Office of Environmental Assistance, Minn. Local Road Research Board, SKB Environmental, Bituminous Roadways, Inc.
Principal Investigators: Roger Olson, MnDOT & Dan Krivit, Dan Krivit & Assoc.
Project Stats: 32 Months (July 2002 – December 2004)
Approach:• Prepare design documents• Two field demonstrations• Evaluate demonstrations
Project 22 - Overcoming Barriers to Asphalt Shingle Recycling
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Other Activities
• Shingle Recycling Forums• 2003, 2007
• Provisional Specifications• American Association of State Highway and
Transportation (AASHTO), "Use of Reclaimed Asphalt Shingle as an Additive in Hot Mix Asphalt: A Provisional Standard Specification (M2005A-TS-2c)" Final publication in preparation.
• American Association of State Highway and Transportation (AASHTO), "Provisional Standard Recommended Practice for Design Considerations when using Reclaimed Asphalt Shingles in New Hot Mix Asphalt (R2005A-TS-2c)" Final publication in preparation.
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Education and Outreach
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RMRC Outreach• RMRC sponsored conference sessions• RMRC sponsored workshops• Beneficial Use of Recycled Materials in
Transportation Applications Conference• Software and guidance documents
• Beneficial Use Guidelines - shingles
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RMRC Recycled Materials Workshops
• Four workshops – Northeast, Southeast, Midwest, West
• Attendees – FHWA, State DOT, State Environmental Agencies, US EPA
• Focus on training recycling/beneficial use coordinators, improving DOT recycling programs
• Providing a forum for communication
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How is sustainability and shingle recycling related?
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Sustainability
• Sustain: to keep in existence; maintain
• Big picture• Sustain the earth• Finite resources
–Decrease or mitigate negative environmental impacts of human existence–Conserve resources
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Environmental Impacts
• Examine impacts of various options/choices and choose those with the least impact
• How to quantify?• Impacts can be assessed:
• Greenhouse gas generation
(e.g., methane, carbon dioxide)• SOx, NOx emissions• Toxics released (air, water, soil)
• Organics – TCE, PBDE, etc.• Inorganics – Hg, Pb, etc.• Exposure routes may be considered
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Conservation of Resources
• Use as little of our resources as possible • Use renewable resources• Reuse products already produced
• Conserves energy• Recycle the materials from a product to make a new
product• No need for virgin materials
• Extract resources from the product • Conversion into energy
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Economics
• In the long run, it doesn’t save to exploit our resources
• But the immediate cost time frame is critical for a market economy• Often times immediate costs and sustainable
practices coincide• Sometimes more sustainable practices (or
switching to them) can result in a greater expense• Often there is a payback
• Many corporations, industries and institutions now see the benefits in practicing environmental sustainability
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It can be a difficult balance between environmental impacts, trade-offs and cost…
RMRC has experience evaluating risk, benefits and cost.
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Partners: MnDOT (MnROAD), NYSDEC, Laboratoire Centrale des Ponts et Chausees (LCPC)
Principal Investigators: Dr. Taylor Eighmy & Dr. Kevin Garner, UNH
Project Stats: June 2000 – August 2004
Approach:• Literature review• Model selection• Model validation with MnROAD data• Develop a risk assessment approach for state regulatory agency use
Project 7/8 - Development of a Risk Analysis Framework for Beneficial Use of Secondary Materials
WaterTableRise
VaporMovement
CapillarySuction
Surface Surface EntryEntry
HighGround
Drainage
Run-offRun-off
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Sustainable Road Construction
• Must create a product with consistent high quality
• From that standpoint, how can we do this in a more sustainable manner?• Beneficially use materials; offset virgin
materials - shingles• Recycle materials
• Assess environmental burdens and trade-offs of various options
• Life-cycle assessment
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Potential Applications
What are potential environment and health impacts of using a material in an application?• Context of use• Proper characterization• Potential receptors and risks• Trade-offs
Environmental Characterization• Shingles
• Asbestos• PAHs
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Pavement Life-cycle Assessment Tool for Environmental and Economic Effects
(PaLATE)
Developed by Arpad Horvath (UC Berkeley) for the Recycled Materials Resource Center
www.recycledmaterials.org
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Questions that can be answered:
• For a particular roadway, which material is better environmentally, economically: e.g., recycled or virgin?
• Will changing the recycled material content in a particular pavement affect its environmental impact?
• Does sending demolished portions of a road to a processing plant or to a landfill make more environmental and economic sense?
• Which maintenance options will minimize environmental and economic effects?
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Factors that are considered:
• Design of the roadway • Construction materials, material
transportation distances and modes• Technology choices – e.g., on-site
construction and maintenance equipment (e.g., asphalt paver), and off-site processing equipment (e.g., rock crusher)
• Life-cycle economic costs
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Recycled Material Use Example
• Conceptual for shingles• Crumb rubber surrogate in asphalt• Road in NH, 2.6 miles, single lane (31
feet wide)• 5.5 inch wearing course, 12 inch base
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Energy
Total Roadway Inputs
6,700,000
6,800,000
6,900,000
7,000,000
7,100,000
7,200,000
7,300,000
7,400,000
7,500,000
7,600,000
Virgin 5% 12%
Asphalt Binder Crumb Rubber Mix
En
erg
y (
MJ)
.
Processes
Production
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Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Total Roadway Inputs
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
Virgin 5% 12%
Asphalt Binder Crumb Rubber Mix
CO
2 (M
g)
= G
WP
.
Processes
Production
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Case Study Results: Energy Consumption (MJ)
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
9,000,000
Initial Construction Maintenance Total Initial Construction Maintenance Total
En
erg
gy
[MJ]
Processes (Equipment)
Materials Transportation
Materials Production
Initial Construction - RubblizationMaintenance - Crack Seal & Resurface
Initial Construction - Virgin MaterialsMaintenance - HIPR
Initial Construction: Recycling uses 3.5M MJ less energy than use of virgin materials (reduced materials production)Maintenance: HIPR uses 1.5M MJ less than crack sealing & resurfacing.
HIPR - equipment processesCrack seal & resurfacing - materials production
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Case Study Scenario (2)
• Divided PA DOT PGH demand into 5 areas defined by a single point• City center• 25 miles north,
south, east and west of city center
N
S
E
CCW
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Summary
• The future of utilizing recycled materials, including shingles, fits in with our sustainability concept• Life-cycle impacts
• RMRC will Continue to• Be a central resource for technical issues
• Engineering• Environmental
• Conduct outreach and education• Webinars, etc.• Be a bridge between stakeholders
• Let us know how else we can help!
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Further information available on RMRC website:
www.recycledmaterials.org
Jenna R. Jambeck, PhDResearch Assistant Professor
Department of Civil/Environmental EngineeringUniversity of New Hampshire
244 Gregg Hall, 35 Colovos Rd.Durham, NH 03824
Phone: [email protected]