Robin Irons September 2013

Aspects of CCS at Maasvlakte 3 (ROAD)

ROAD means...

Rotterdam

Opslag Storage

Afvang Capture

Demonstratieproject

Maasvlakte CCS Project C.V. is a joint venture of: • E.ON Benelux • GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland (GDF SUEZ Group) In co-operation with intended partners: • TAQA Energy • GDF SUEZ E&P With financial support of: • European Commission (EU) • Government of the Netherlands • Global CCS Institute

Co-operating Partners ROAD

Location: Maasvlakte Power Plant 3

Maasvlakte Power Plant 3

Integrated CCS Chain at ROAD

Maasvlakte PP 3

CO2 Capture Unit

ROAD CO2 Transport

• Pipeline length:

5km onshore, 20km offshore

• Diameter: 16”

• Capacity:

• 1.5 mln tonne / year

(gaseous)

• 5 mln tonne / year (dense)

• Design specs: 175 bar, 80 oC

• Pipeline insulated

CO2 Storage

Tie-ins :

Flue Gas (out and return)

Electricity supply to Capture plant

Steam to Stripper and Reclaimer (2)

Condensate return from Steam and condensate for cooling (3)

Water - Cooling (2) - Demineralized (1) - Fire (2) - Potable (1) - Waste (4 types)

Controls (incl. metering of flows)

Various civil works / site services

Summary of connections between power plant and Capture

Tie-ins :

Flue Gas (out and return)

Electricity supply to Capture plant

Steam to Stripper and Reclaimer

Condensate return from Steam and condensate for cooling (3)

Water - Cooling (2) - Demineralized (1) - Fire (2) - Potable (1) - Waste (4 types)

Controls (incl. metering of flows)

Various civil works / site services Under construction so they will be completed before the power

station starts hot commissioning

Summary of connections between power plant and Capture

Flue gas tie-in

Current installation

15

• Reboiler Heat Demand: 2.85 GJ/t CO2 ---> 135 MWth • Precondition of EU: Integration with MPP3 • Steam after IP turbine ~57 kg/s @ 3.4 bara / 230°C, 3 bara at Reboiler • Steam Pipe: DN 1.200 (48″) The problem: At part load of MPP3, the steam pressure drops. But this is when CCS is most economic! Options 1.Modification to IP/LP-Turbine Overflow with throttle valves to keep pressure

in part load MPP3 2.IP/LP cross-over at full load and aux. header (9 bar) in part load MPP3 3.IP/LP cross-over at full load and use “steam jet booster” at part load.

Steam tie-in

Steam tie-in: Option 1

Steam tie-in: Option 2

Fd Wtr Tk

MPP1/2

CO2 compressor

strip

per

abso

rber

DC

C

A5A5

boiler

condenser

HP

PIC

TIC

FIC

LIC

FIC

1200 / 900

TIC

FIC

300 / 250

250 / 300

PI PI

250 / 300

DN

140

0

DN

600

DN

120

0

DN

600

Air Prhtr LP Prhtr 5

PIC PIC

HP Prhtr2DN 300

SPATDN 400

DN

60

0D

N 5

00

Fd Wtr TkDN 400

DN

400

DN

300

DN

400

MP LP LP LP

MPP3 with CCSA5+cold reheatwith steam jet pump

DN 400

DN

150

Alternative 1

Alternative2

DN 400

DN 400

Steam tie-in: Option 3

An injector, ejector, steam ejector, steam injector, eductor-jet pump or thermocompressor is a type of pump that uses the Venturi effect of a converging-diverging nozzle to convert the pressure energy of a motive fluid to velocity energy which creates a low pressure zone that draws in and entrains a suction fluid. After passing through the throat of the injector, the mixed fluid expands and the velocity is reduced which results in recompressing the mixed fluids by converting velocity energy back into pressure energy.

Steam Jet Booster

Steam Jet Booster

Commercial Challenges of CCS: Costs

CCS isn’t a “First of a Kind” technology yet – it is a pre “First of a Kind” technology:

Capex costs are obtained from

FEED/bids;

Opex costs are potentially more difficult:

Main cost is “lost efficiency” from turbine steam ~10%;

Costs reduced by EU ETS credit but EU ETS price continues to fall

Source: DECC CCS Industry Day – 15th December 2011

Source: Blloomberg – 3 year EU ETS prices

Rotterdam Climate Initiative

The Rotterdam Climate Initiative is a partnership between the City of Rotterdam, the Port of Rotterdam, DCMR Environmental Protection Agency Rijnmond, and Deltalinqs, with the objective of reducing CO2 emissions by 50% and climate proofing the city. Mission & ambition Improving the climate for the benefit of people, the environment, and the economy; that is the challenge confronted by the collective initiators; Port of Rotterdam, the City of Rotterdam, employers' organization Deltalinqs, and DCMR Environmental Protection Agency Rijnmond. The Rotterdam Climate Initiative creates a movement in which government, organizations, companies, knowledge institutes, and citizens collaborate to achieve a fifty per cent reduction of CO2 emissions, adapt to climate change, and promote the economy in the Rotterdam region.

Rotterdam CCS Network 2011

Rotterdam CCS Network 2015

Rotterdam CCS Network 2025

Commercial Challenges of CCS

The main commercial challenges of CCS are: Cost of CCS: Capex and Opex; Financing of CCS projects; Asset utilisation: operating regime of CCS plant; Cost comparison of alternative technologies;

Project Status ROAD • Design of capture plant is complete • Permits are ready and EPC contract is ready to sign • Storage permit has been successfully reviewed by European Commission, which has given its first Opinion • Flow assurance study has been completed • Storage facility negotiations are progressing well (ready to sign) • Tie-ins (flue gas, steam) have already been installed

ROAD – Current Status

• Project is ready for FID • ...but business case has deteriorated since funding agreement funding in 2009/10: • EU carbon prices are much lower than forecast • Forecasters are now predicting 2030 for CCS commercialisation instead of 2020 Planned growth in renewables will remove fossil from baseload generation market. In coming months, ROAD and RCI will do everything within their power to find additional financial support for the CCS demonstration project • Additional financing will be the key to launch the project.

Engineering

Permitting

Commercial Structure