asian vegetables grown in ontario
DESCRIPTION
Color table of Asian vegetables farmed in Ontario and upstate New YorkTRANSCRIPT
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario
Agdex#: 259
Publication Date: 08/98
Order#: 98-033
Last Reviewed: 08/98
History:
Written by: J. Chaput - Vegetable IPM Specialist/OMAF
Table of Contents
Edible amaranth1.
Bitter melon2.
Edible burdock3.
Chinese broccoli / kale4.
Chinese chives5.
Chinese okra6.
Big leaf mustard7.
Chinese squash8.
Chrysanthemum greens9.
Flat flowering Chinese leaf cabbage10.
Flowering edible rape11.
Flowering Chinese leaf cabbage12.
Shanghai pak choy13.
Fuzzy squash14.
Malabar spinach15.
Nappa cabbage / celery cabbage16.
Potherb mustard17.
Purple mint / beefsteak plant18.
Asian radish19.
Red and Green Mustards20.
Snow peas / snow pea shoots21.
Water spinach22.
Thick petiole white Chinese leaf cabbage23.
Thin petiole white Chinese leaf cabbage24.
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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Edible amaranth
English: Edible amaranth
Latin: Amaranthus mangostanus A. gangeticus
Chinese:
Cantonese: Hinn choy
Mandarin: Xian cai
Japanese: Hi yu na
Vietnamese: Rau den do
Korean: Chambirum
Notes of Interest:
Used like spinach in salads or as a cooked vegetable.
Common crop production problems include tarnished plant bug, fungus stem and leaf blight and weed
control.
Bitter melon
English: Bitter melon
Latin: Momordica charantia
Chinese:
Cantonese: Fu gua
Mandarin: Ku gua
Japanese: Nigauri
Vietnamese: Muop dang, kho qua
Korean: Ssunoi
Notes of Interest:
Used dried as an herbal medecine and fresh in cooked and stir-fried dishes. Do not eat seeds. Can also
be pickled.
For more information:
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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Common crop production problems include cucumber beetles and powdery mildew.
Edible burdock
English: Edible burdock
Latin: Arctium lappa
Chinese:
Cantonese: Ngao pong
Mandarin: Niu pang
Japanese: Gobo
Korean: Uang
Notes of Interest:
Usually cooked in small pieces or pickled.
Very distinctive flavour.
It also has medicinal uses.
Chinese broccoli / kale
English: Chinese broccoli / kale
Latin: Brassica alboglabra
Chinese:
Cantonese: Gai lan
Mandarin: Jie lan
Japanese: Kailaan
Vietnamese: Cai ro
Notes of Interest:
Used in stir-fried and other cooked dishes.
Common crop production problems include cabbage maggot, flea beetles, downy mildew and nutrient
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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deficiencies.
Chinese chives
English: Chinese chives
Latin: Allium tuberosum
Chinese:
Cantonese: Gow choy
Mandarin: Jiu cai
Japanese: Nira
Vietnamese: He
Korean: Buchu
Notes of Interest:
Leaves are used like traditional chives. Flowers are also edible and both have a garlic flavour. Also
used in herbal medicines.
Common crop production problems include onion maggot, onion thrips and downy mildew.
Chinese okra
English: Chinese okra
Latin: Luffa acutangula, Luffa cylindrica
Chinese:
Cantonese: Si gua
Mandarin:
Japanese: Hechima
Vietnamese: Muop khia, muop huong
Notes of Interest:
Toll Free: 1-877-424-1300
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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Not a true okra. Belongs to the cucurbit family but has similar appearance to okra.
Edible when immature and can be used like zucchini in a range of fresh, cooked and pickled dishes.
Mature fruits can be used as a sponge.
Big leaf mustard
English: Big leaf mustard
Latin: Brassica juncea var. involutus, var. foliosa
Chinese:
Cantonese: Dai gai choy
Mandarin: Da jie cai
Japanese: Karashina
Vietnamese: Cai xanh
Korean: Gat
Notes of Interest:
See red and green mustards.
Chinese squash
English: Chinese squash
Latin: Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita maxima
Chinese:
Cantonese: Nam gua
Mandarin: Nan gua
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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Japanese: Kabocha
Vietnamese: Bi ro
Korean: Ho bak
Notes of Interest:
Used similarly to traditional squash.
Common crop production problems include squash vine borer, cucumber beetles, squash bugs and
powdery mildew.
Chrysanthemum greens
English: Chrysanthemum greens
Latin: Chrysanthemum coronarium
Chinese:
Cantonese: Tong ho choy
Mandarin: Tong hao cai
Japanese: Shungiku
Vietnamese: Tan o, cai cui
Korean: Ssukgat
Notes of Interest:
Used as an herbal medicine and as a cooked vegetable combined with other vegetables and in various
stir-fried dishes.
Flower petals can be eaten also, either dipped in Japanese saki or pickled.
Flat flowering Chinese leaf cabbage
Local: (519) 826-4047
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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English: Flat flowering Chinese leaf cabbage
Latin: Brassica campestris Chinensis group var. utilis
Chinese:
Cantonese: Nai yow choy
Mandarin:
Notes of Interest:
Grows in rosette with crinkly green leaves.
May also be called baby choy sum.
Uses and crop production concerns similar to choy sum and yow choy.
Flowering edible rape
English: Flowering edible rape
Latin: Brassica chinensis var. oleifera
Chinese:
Cantonese: Yow choy
Mandarin: You cai
Japanese: Aburana
Vietnamese: Cai ngot
Korean: Yuchaeip
Notes of Interest:
Uses the same as bok choy and choy sum.
Glossier green colour and more upright than choy sum.
Flowering Chinese leaf cabbage
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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English: Flowering Chinese leaf cabbage
Latin: Brassica campestris Chinensis group var. utilis
Chinese:
Cantonese: Choy sum
Mandarin: Cai xin
Vietnamese: Cai ngot non
Notes of Interest:
Often referred to as "baby bok choy". Similar uses and production problems as bok choy.
Shanghai pak choy
English: Shanghai pak choy
Latin: Brassica campestris Chinensis group var. utilis
Chinese:
Cantonese: Shanghai choy sum
Mandarin:
Japanese: Chingensai
Notes of Interest:
Olive green versions of bok choy, pak choy, or choy sum are referred to as "Shanghai" types by
growers.
Fuzzy squash
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Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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English: Fuzzy squash
Latin: Benincasa hispida var. chieh-qua
Chinese:
Cantonese: Tsit gua
Mandarin: Mao gua, Jie gua
Japanese: Tohgan
Vietnamese: Bi chanh
Korean: Ho bak
Notes of Interest:
Called fuzzy squash when harvested immature but called winter melon if left to mature. Cooked in
soups or pickled.
Common crop production problems are similar to other cucurbits grown in Ontario.
Malabar spinach
English: Malabar spinach
Latin: Basella alba, B. rubra
Chinese:
Cantonese: Lo kwai
Mandarin: Zi luo kui, Lu luo kui
Japanese: Tsuru-murasaki
Vietnamese: Mong toi
Notes of Interest:
Used in fresh and cooked dishes similarly to traditional spinach. Red and green varieties exist.
Mucilaginous quality makes it good as a thickener in soups and stews.
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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Common crop production problems include tarnished plant bug.
Nappa cabbage / celery cabbage
English: Nappa cabbage / celery cabbage
Latin: Brassica campestris Pekinensis group var. cephalata
Chinese:
Cantonese: Siew choy, won bok
Mandarin: Da bai cai, Huan ya bai
Japanese: Hakusai
Vietnamese: Cai bac thao, cai dai
Korean: Baechu
Notes of Interest:
Oblong, headed type called "Nappa"; elongated, cylindrical types referred to as "Michihili" types. Used
in salads, cole slaw, cooked and pickled dishes.
Common crop production problems include cabbage maggot, flea beetles, clubroot, slugs,
diamondback moth larvae, Alternaria spot, downy mildew, soft rot, virus diseases and nutrient
deficiencies.
Potherb mustard
English: Potherb mustard
Latin: Brassica juncea var. japonica
Chinese:
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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Cantonese:
Mandarin: Shui cai
Japanese: Kyona, Mizuna
Notes of Interest:
Used in salads, soups, steamed and stir-fried dishes as well as in pickled preparations.
Common crop production problems include flea beetles and cabbage maggot.
Purple mint / beefsteak plant
English: Purple mint / beefsteak plant
Latin: Perilla frutescens, P. crispa
Chinese:
Mandarin: Zi su
Japanese: Shiso
Vietnamese: Tia to
Korean: Dulketip
Notes of Interest:
Aromatic and distinctive herb used in salads and cooked dishes. Sprouts used as flavouring and as a
garnish.
Asian radish
English: Asian radish
Latin: Raphanus sativum
Chinese:
Cantonese: Lo bok
Mandarin: Luo bu
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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Japanese: Daikon
Vietnamese: Cu cai
Korean: Moo
Notes of Interest:
Many shapes, sizes and colours grown. Usually cooked or pickled (Japanese takuan, tsukemono and
Korean kimchi) but can also be used in salads. Foliage also makes a good edible green and is used in
soups.
Common crop production problems include cabbage maggot, flea beetles, virus diseases, soft rot and
Alternaria spot.
Red and Green Mustards
English: Red and green mustards
Latin: Brassica juncea var. rugosa, var. crispifolia
Chinese:
Cantonese: Gai choy
Mandarin: Jie cai
Japanese: Karashina
Vietnamese: Cai xanh
Korean: Gat
Notes of Interest:
Several varieties are found in this group. A wide range of uses in salads, boiled, steamed and stir-fried
dishes. Can also be pickled.
Common crop production problems include flea beetles, cabbage maggot, clubroot, virus diseases and
nutrient deficiencies.
Snow peas / snow pea shoots
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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English: Snow peas / snow pea shoots
Latin: Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon
Chinese:
Cantonese: Ho lan dow (peas); Dow miu (shoots)
Mandarin: He lan do (peas); Dou miao (shoots)
Japanese: Saya endo, tohbyo
Vietnamese: Dau Hoa- lan
Korean: Wandokong (peas); Wandusaan (shoots)
Notes of Interest:
Used in a variety of stemaed and stir-fried dishes.
Common crop production problems include weed control and root rot.
Water spinach
English: Water spinach
Latin: Ipomoea aquatica
Chinese:
Cantonese: Tung choy
Mandarin: Kongxin cai
Japanese: Kankon, Asagaona, Ensai
Vietnamese: Rau muong
Korean: Kongshimchae
Notes of Interest:
Hollow-stemmed green used in cooked and stir-fried dishes. Often grown in summer greenhouses and
under floating row covers in the field.
Common crop production problems include tarnished plant bug, grasshoppers, thrips, spider mites,
aphids, fungal leaf blight and edema.
Thick petiole white Chinese leaf cabbage
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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English: Thick petiole white Chinese leaf cabbage
Latin: Brassica campestris, Chinensis group var. communis
Chinese:
Cantonese: Bok choy
Mandarin: Bai cai
Japanese: Shakushina
Vietnamese: Cai thia, cai be trang
Korean: Bok choy
Notes of Interest:
Entire plant can be used in stir-fried, steamed dishes, soups and salads.
Common crop production problems include flea beetles, soft rot, downy mildew, white leaf spot, virus
diseases and clubroot.
Thin petiole white Chinese leaf cabbage
English: Thin petiole white Chinese leaf cabbage
Latin: Brassica campestris, Chinensis group var. communis
Chinese:
Cantonese: Pak choy
Mandarin: Xiao bai cai
Japanese: Shakushina; Chingensai (if green-stemmed)
Vietnamese: Cai thia; cai trang con
Korean: Pak choy
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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Notes of Interest:
See bok choy.
Typical field view of yow choy (middle), Shanghai choy sum (left) and tung choy (right, under cover).
Cool season types (Brassicas, radishes, peas) are grown in Ontario from mid-April until mid-October. Warm
season types (Cucurbits, water spinach, amarinths) are grown from mid-May until mid-September outdoors.
Asian Vegetables Grown in Ontario http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/crops/facts/98-033.htm
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