asco fluid resistence guide

8/8/2019 ASCO Fluid Resistence Guide

1/4

Engineering Information4

11.19

Material Selection

General Information on Elastomer Materials Frequently Used in ASCO Valves

Material Selection Guide for Commonly Used Fluids

All orders entered using this guide must state actual

fluid, fluid pressure, fluid concentration, and fluid

temperature of the application. Actual fluid isextremely important when elastomer options are

specified because other substitutions may be required.

ASCO valves are available to control many acids,

alcohols, bases, solvents, and corrosive gases and

liquids. Modified or special designs are sometimes

required, depending upon the application.

Corrosion occurs either as a chemical or electrochemical

reaction. Therefore, consideration must be given to both

the galvanic and electromotive force series, as well as to

pressure, temperature, and other factors that might beinvolved in the application.

This guide provides information on types of valves that

are available for most common corrosive and non-

corrosive gases and liquids. For applications in whichabnormal conditions exist and for other fluids, consult

your local ASCO office, giving full details on operating

conditions.

This guide is not intended as a specific recommendation;

factors beyond our control could affect valve operation or

materials.

NBR (Buna N, Nitrile)

NBR is commonly referred to as a nitrile rubber and is

the standard synthetic elastomer for accomplishing

resilient-type seating or sealing in ASCO valves. It has

excellent compatibility for most air, water, and light oil

applications. It has a useful temperature range of 0F to180F (-18C to 82C)

CR (Neoprene)

CR is principally used as an external seal in

refrigeration applications. It is also utilized for oxygen

service. It has a useful temperature range of 0F to

180F (-18C to 82C)

EPDM (Ethylene Propylene)

EPDM is selected for applications above the NBR

temperature range, such as handling hot water and

steam. Ethylene propylene has an extremely wide rangeof fluid compatibility, but has the distinct disadvantage

that it cannot be used with petroleum-based fluids or

contaminated fluids (such as lubricated air). It has

a useful temperature range of -10F to 300F (-23C

to 149C).

FKM (Viton*/Fluorel**, etc.)

FKM is a fluorocarbon elastomer primarily developed for

handling such hydrocarbons as jet fuels, gasolines,

solvents, etc., which normally cause detrimental

swelling to NBR. FKM has a high temperature range

similar to EPDM, but with the advantage of being

somewhat more resistant to dry heat. FKM has a wide

range of chemical compatibility. It has a useful

temperature range of 0F to 350F (-18C to 177C).

PTFE (Teflon*, Rulon)

PTFE and PTFE with fillers are considered more a plasticthan a resilient-type material. They are virtually

unattacked by any fluid. Their temperature usage has

ranged from discs for cryogenic valves to discs for steam

valves. They are not easily fabricated and are known to

have cold flow characteristics which may contribute to

objectionable leakage, particularly on gases.

Other materials referred to in this catalog

CA (Acetal, Celcon, Delrin)

FFKM (Methyl tertiary-butyl)

FMQ (Fluorosilicone)

HYT (Hytrel)MTBE (Methyl tertiary-butyl ether)

PA (Nylon, Zytel)

PA+FV (Polyamide)

PE (Polyethylene)

PP (Polypropylene)

PPS (Polyphenelyne Sulfide, Ryton)

PUR (Polyurethane)

UR (Urethane)

VMQ (Silicone)

* DuPont Co. trademark

** 3m trademark


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Fluids

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Materials of Construction

and Ordering Information

(Refer to List Price Schedule

for availability and prices of

Special Features)

Acetic Acid Standard strengths of watersolution are:28, 56, 70, 80, 85, 98%.

For solutions of 40% or less,use stainless steel Type 316Normally Closed valve withEPDM elastomers. Add suffixE to catalog number.

Acetic Acid, Glacial 99.9% solid. Use appropriate ball valve withASCO 3 or 4 way auxiliary airpilot valve.

Acetone Colorless, flammable liquid withmint-like odor. Soluble in waterand ether.

Standard catalog valves withEPDM elastomers. Add suffixE to catalog number. PTFE ormetal seated valves also used.

Acetylene A colorless, highly flammablegas used for welding and flamecutting of metals, and forproducing other chemicals. Ifmoisture is present, copper,silver, and alloys containingmore than 66% copper are notsuitable.

Standard catalog aluminum,brass, or stainless steel valves.Specify aluminum shading coil.Do not use bar stock brassvalves.

Air, Lubricated(Shop Air)

Most sources of air carrylubrication from pumps andother equipment. Others aredirectly lubricated in lines.

Standard resilient seatedcatalog valves. For syntheticdiester lubricating oils, FKMseals may be required. Consultlocal ASCO office.

Air (or Gas), Dry,Unlubricated

Used in instrument airapplications and telephone lineswhere moisture and oil cannotbe tolerated.

Special constructions required.Refer to Long-Life SolenoidValve Constructions.

Alcohol, Ethyl(Denatured Alcohol)

A grain alcohol commonly usedas solvent. Also used as aradiator antifreeze and rocketfuel.

Standard resilient seatedcatalog valves.

Alcohol, Methyl(Methanol)

A flammable wood alcohol usedin automotive antifreeze, generalsolvent, aviation, and rocketfuel.

Standard catalog constructions;however, where high purity ofliquid is essential, use StainlessSteel designs.

Ammonia(Anhydrous orDissociated)

Used in refrigeration. Other usesinclude: for cleaning andbleaching, for etchingaluminum, and in chemicalprocessing. Presence of slighttrace of water moisture can beharmful to brass.

Stainless Steel constructionwith aluminum shading coiland CR elastomers are required.Specify aluminum shading coil.Add prefix X and suffix J tocatalog number.

Argon The valves must be free ofcontaminants when fillingincandescent lamps,luminescent tubes, gasthermometers, etc. Also used asan inert shielding gas in weldingequipment.

Standard catalog aluminum andbrass valves used in connectionwith welding equipment. Mostother applications requirestainless steel valves, especiallycleaned to avoid contamination.Specify AP-1-005.

Benzene,(Benzol)

Solvent used for waxes, resins,rubber, and other organicmaterials. Also employed as afuel or for blending withgasoline or other fuels.

Standard catalog valves withFKM, or PTFE disc and gasket.

Butane One of the principal LP gases.Used as fuel for household andother industrial purposes. Also arefrigerant and a propellant inaerosol cans.

Special construction required.See Catalog 102B forpropane.

Carbon Dioxide(Gas or Liquid)(CO2)

Also known as carbonicanhydride. Used in industrialrefrigeration and refrigerationof foods and carbonatedbeverages. Also, as a fireextinguisher and inertatmosphere in weldingequipment.

For gas pressures below 100psi, use standard valves withNBR discs. Above 100 psi, useSeries 8264, especiallydesigned for this service.

Carbon Tetrachloride(Carbona)

Also known astetrachloromethane. Mainlyused as a metal degreasingagent. Also used in fireextinguishers. It is a generalsolvent and dry-cleaningmedium. Its fumes are highlytoxic and should be handled inwell-ventilated areas.

Standard catalog brass valveswith PTFE or FKM discs. Addsuffix T or V to catalognumber. Diaphragm valvesmust be equipped with FKMparts. Add suffix V to catalognumber. Metal seated valvesalso used.

Caustic Soda See Sodium Hydroxide.

Cellulube One of the phosphate esterlubricating fluids which arefire resistant.

Standard catalog designs withEPDM elastomers. Add suffixE to catalog number. PTFE ormetal seated valves also used.

Chlorine Chlorine has a powerfulsuffocating odor and is stronglycorrosive to organic tissues andto metals. Uses include: forbleaching textiles and paperpulp, but it is also used for themanufacture of many chemicals.

Use appropriate ball valve withASCO 3 or 4 way auxiliary airpilot valve.

City Gas See Natural andManufactured Gas.

Coffee Automatic or semiautomaticdispensing equipment.

Stainless steel or plastic valves.For FDA approved elastomers,consult your local ASCO office.

Coke Oven Gas(Bench Gas; CoalGas)

Flammable gas used indomestic and industrial heating.

Standard steel or stainless steelvalves with FKM elastomers.

Coolant Oil Oil used in automatic screwmachines and related equipmentas cutting oils or coolants.Usually contain suspendedsolids.

Consult your local ASCO office.

Diesel Fuel Petroleum oil used as fuel fordiesel engines.

Standard resilient seatedcatalog valves with FKMseating.

Ethylene Glycol(Ethylene Alchohol)Prestone

Also known as glycol. Used inpermanent antifreeze solutions,brake fluids, and as a dyesolvent.


Freon Solvents

MF, TF, andBF

Trademark for a solvent which iscommonly used in ultrasonicdegreasers for removing oil,common grease, and dirt onmetal or plastic parts.

Standard catalog itemswith metal-to-metalseating, or NBRelastomers only.

Fluids

Qualifying Service

Information


and Ordering Information

(Refer to List Price Schedule


Special Features)


11.20

Material Selection

Material Selection Guide for Commonly Used Fluids


3/4

Fuel Oil (Light)Nos. 1, 2, 3

Distillate petroleum oil used incombustion applications withoutpreheating.

Refer to Combustion SystemsCatalog 102B.

Fuel Oil (Heavy)Nos. 4, 5, 6

Heavy Bunker fuel oil. Usuallypreheated to 135F or more forcombustion.


Gasoline Special or high-test gasolineshave additives or aromatics thataffect synthetic rubber byexcessive swell, or extraction ofplasticizers.

Standard catalog valveconstructions with FKMelastomers. Add suffix V tocatalog number. If MTBEadditive is present in gasoline,then use FFKM elastomers.Metal seated valves also used.

Helium An inert gas used in heattreating, purging, and welding.


Hydraulic Oil Petroleum base only viscosity usually 50 SSU or 300

SSU. For fire-resistant hydraulicoils, see Cellulube, Pydraul,and Skydrol.


Hydrochloric Acid Also known as muriatic acid.Corrosive chemical.

Use an appropriate ball valvewith ASCO 3 or 4 way auxiliaryair pilot valve. For low pressure,small flow, and a maximumconcentration of 20%, refer toShielded Core valves.

Hydrogen A highly flammable gas whenexposed to air.

Standard resilient seatedcatalog valves with soft seats.

Jet Fuels (JP1through 8). Forothers, consult yourlocal ASCO

office.

These fuels are used in jetengines and are petroleumproducts, similar to kerosene.Some jet fuels containsubstantial quantities ofaromatics which affect mostsynthetic rubbers.

Standard catalog valves withFKM elastomers. Add suffixV to catalog number. PTFEand metal seated valves alsoused.

Kerosene Generally used as a solvent forcleaning purpose and as aheating fuel.

Standard catalog valve withFKM elastomers. Add suffixV to catalog number.

LP Gas See Propane. Refer to Combustion SystemsCatalog 102B.

Liquid Natural Gas,Nitrogen, and Oxygen

Refer to Cryogenic Valves.

Manufactured Gas Refine coke oven gas used incity applications.


Mercury Uses: mercury cells and otherelectrical apparatus; mercuryvapor boilers, lamps,barometers, thermometers, etc.

Use stainless steel body. Valvemust be mounted upside down.Special construction required.Consult your local ASCO office

with application details.

Methyl EthylKetone (MEK)

Used in lacquers, paintremovers, cements andadhesives. It is a flammableliquid.

Standard catalog valves withEPDM elastomers. Add suffixE to catalog number. PTFE ormetal seated valves also used.

Naphtha A coal-tar solvent. Use NBR or FKM elastomers.For FKM elastomer, add suffixV to catalog number.

Natural Gas Common heating fuel. Refer to Combust ion SystemsCatalog 102B.

Fluids

Qualifying Service

Information


and Ordering Information(Refer to List Price Schedule


Special Features)

Nitric Acid (aquafortis or azotic acid)

Normally, concentrations are60% nitric and 40% water.

Stainless steel valves withaluminum shading coil andPTFE disc. Add suffix T tocatalog number. Metal seatedvalves also used. Maximumtemperature at which we canoffer valve is 100F.

Nitric Acid-RedFuming

Red fuming is more than 86%nitric acid. These can behandled with all stainlesssteel valves.

Nitric Acid-WhiteFuming

White fuming, which is pure to97.5% acid, and nitric acidvapors are very difficult tohandle.

For white fuming acid, useappropriate ball valve withASCO pilot.

Nitrogen An inert gas used in heattreating, purging, and welding.

Standard resilient seated catalogvalves.

Oils, Lubricating orMotor

Common motor oils knownas SAE oils and synthetic lubeoils, etc.

Standard catalog valves for 300SSU maximum. For higher SSU,consult your local ASCO office.For compressor service

involving refrigerants, consultyour local ASCO office for

elastomer selection.

Oxygen, Gas Used in conjunction withvarious fuels in furnaces, ovens,cutting torches, welding, andheat treating. A nonflammablegas. Contact with hydrocarbonswill result in spontaneouscombustion.

Metal body valves with FKM orCR elastomers, speciallycleaned to avoid contaminationwith hydrocarbons. Add suffixN to catalog number.

Perchloroethylene(Tetrachloroethylene)Perk

Used as a dry-cleaning solventand in vapor degreasingequipment.

Standard catalog items withFKM elastomers. Add suffix Vto catalog number. Specialpiston valves available. Do notuse diaphragm valves. Consult

your local ASCO office.

Phosphoric Acid Also known as orthophosphoric

acid. Used in pickling and rust-proofing metals, soft drinks andflavoring syrups, as well aspharmaceuticals.

For concentration of up to 20%

and temperatures of 100F, use300 series stainless steel withethylene propylene, FKM, orNBR elastomers.

PhotographicSolutions

Also known as sodiumthiosulfate or hypo. Most metalscorrode sufficiently to causesolution contamination.

For low pressure, small flow,and low concentrations (20%max.), refer to Shielded CoreValves.

Potassium Sulfate Used in fertilizers. Also inaluminum and glassmanufacturing.

Standard stainless steel catalogvalves.

Propane Gas One of the principal LP gasescommonly used in grain dryerapplications, and a bottled gasfor heating and cooking.

Special construction required.Refer to Combustion SystemsCatalog 102B.

Pydraul

(Monsanto)

A trademark for a series of fire-

resistant hydraulic fluids. Usedin automatic welding machines,hydraulic presses, and aircompressors. Also used in die-casting machines, forging, andextrusion presses.

Standard catalog items with

FKM elastomers. Add suffix Vto catalog number. PTFE ormetal seated valves also used.

Refrigerants, CFC(chlorofluorocarbon)Freon

CFCs are used as refrigerants;as blowing agents in themanufacture of insulation,packaging, and cushioningfoams; as cleaning agents formetal and electroniccomponents; and in many otherapplications. CFCs containchlorine and have been targetedby the EPA to be phased out.

Refrigerants require special

selection of elastomers.

Consult your local ASCO office.

Fluids

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Information




Special Features)


11.21

Material Selection


4/4

Refrigerants, HFC(hydrofluorocarbon)Suva

Environmentally acceptablealternative to CFC. Contains nochlorine.

Refrigerants require special

selection of elastomers. Consultyour local ASCO office.

Skydrol Trademark for fire-resistant jetaircraft hydraulic fluid.

Standard catalog items withEPDM elastomer. Add suffixE to catalog number. PTFE ormetal seated valves also used.

Sodium Hydroxide(Caustic Soda)

Used in pulp and paper industry.Included in detergents and soap,also in textile processing.Solutions range between 50%and 73% commercial.

Stainless steel valves withEPDM elastomers. Add suffixE to catalog number.Stainless steel or PTFEseated valves also used.

Sour Gas See Coke Oven Gas.

Steam Condensate This is return condensate fromsteam boilers, which hasvarious degrees of dissolvedcarbon dioxide or oxygen.

Temperature is normally high toboiling point.

Brass valves suitable withEPDM elastomers. See Series8210 and 8222 Hot WaterService Listings. Use suffix

E on all others.

Stoddard Solvent This is a dry-cleaning solvent ofusually high-purity naphtha,clear and free of undissolvedwater. A coal-tar solvent.

Standard catalog items.

Sulfuric Acid An oily, highly corrosive liquidoxidizing organic materials andmost metals. It is used forpickling and cleaning metals inelectric batteries and in platingbaths, for making explosivesand fertilizers.

Use an appropriate ball valveswith ASCO 3 or 4 way auxiliaryair pilot valve. For low pressure,small flow, and a concentrationof up to 60%, refer to ShieldedCore Valves.

Toluene (Toluol) Also called methyl benzene ormethyl benzol. One of the coal-tar solvents. Used in aviationand high octane gasolines. Alsoa solvent for paints, coatings,resins, etc. It is a flammableliquid.

Standard catalog valves withFKM disc and gasket. Addsuffix V to catalog number.

Trichloroethylene(Carbona orTRIAD)

Common degreasing solvent,noncombustible, but very toxic.Adequate ventilation required.

Standard brass catalog valves,if dry, use FKM elastomers (addsuffix V to catalog number).If moisture is present, usestainless steel. Metal and PTFEseated valves also used.

Turpentine Solvent or thinner for paints,varnishes, and lacquers. Also, arubber solvent and reclaimingagent. The liquid is volatile.

Standard catalog valves withFKM elastomers. Add suffixV to catalog number.

Vacuum Refer to Vacuum Valves.

Vegetable Oils Edible oils extracted from seeds,fruits, or plants, such as peanutoils, cottonseed oils, etc.

Standard resilient seated catalogvalves. For FDA approvedelastomers, consult your local

ASCO office.

Vinegar A diluted impure solution ofacetic acid.

Stainless steel valves withEPDM elastomers (FKMelastomers may also be used).Add suffix E to catalognumber. For FDA approvedelastomers, consult your local

ASCO office.

Fluids

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Special Features)

Water, Boiler Feed Commonly treated water withinhibitors to avoid corrosion ofboiler tubes.

Standard stainless steel catalogvalves with FKM elastomers.Add suffix V to catalognumber.

Water, Distilled orDeionized

A purified water, sometimescalled deionized water, neutraland free from contaminants.

Stainless steel valves withEPDM elastomers. Add suffixE to catalog number. Stainlesssteel or PTFE seated valves alsoused.

Water, Fresh Standard resilient seated catalogvalves. Aerated water, which isslightly acidic, will cause seaterosion by process known asdezincification. Stainless steel orplastic valves should then beselected.

Water, High Pressure When handling water above 500

psi, erosion and water hammermust be considered.

Special designs for car wash

applications, etc. Consult yourlocal ASCO office.

Water, Hot Water above 200F: Oftenflashes to steam due toregulators or other linerestrictions. Below 200F, thischange of state is unlikely.

Standard catalog designssuitable to temperatures listedin catalog. Also see Series 8210and 8222 Hot Water Servicelistings. For temperaturesexceeding those listed, consult

your local ASCO office.

Water, Sea, Brine,Brackish

Difficult to handle due togalvanic corrosion.

Use appropriate ball valve withASCO air pilot valve.

Fluids

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Special Features)


11.22

Material Selection

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