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A.S.C. NEWS
Issue No. 241 Newsletter of the Archaeological Society of Connecticut March 2016
PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE
March 4, 2016
Dear Members,
The winter weather of 2015-2016
was much milder than last year’s
monumental snow and deep
freeze, so we are hoping that
spring will provide early field
opportunities for ASC members.
To assist you in finding fieldwork
prospects during the upcoming
season, this issue of our
newsletter covers all the
approaching archaeological field
schools and prospects for field
participation. We hope you will
take advantage of all that
Connecticut archaeology offers.
And, if you are still suffering
from cabin fever, here’s a
reminder that our annual spring
meeting will be held on April 9,
2016 at the Kellogg
Environmental Center,
Osbornedale State Park, Derby,
CT. The theme will be
“Industrial Archaeology” and
will include an afternoon tour of
the Seymour Lime Kiln and
quarries. These sites are on
Seymour Land Trust property
and walking paths are available
and the tour will be led by Pete
Rzasa, who has researched the
site extensively and has worked
hard to preserve it for future
generations of industrial
archaeologists. Program
information and directions are
listed in this newsletter, so mark
your calendar.
Our latest Bulletin, a special
thematic issue on stone cultural
features and ceremonial
landscapes, has proven to be a
wonderful resource and research
guide. Should you require
additional copies beyond the one
received with your membership,
the ASC will be selling this
special bulletin to members and
authors for a price of $15; non-
members will be charged $20.
So, please promote the Bulletin’s
availability among your
colleagues, and congratulations
to our Bulletin editor, Lucianne
Lavin, for putting together such a
significant and timely issue.
Likewise, we are fortunate to
have Lee West volunteer his time
and expertise as ASC newsletter
editor. Each issue is chock full of
up-to-date information on all the
state’s archaeological
organizations and their events,
articles on new discoveries, and,
of course, information on how
you can apply for, or renew your
membership, in the ASC! (Pretty
sneaky way to get a membership
pitch in, eh!) Lee does a great job
in creating a newsletter that is
truly representative of the entire
state, and the one-step source for
all Connecticut archaeology!
Nick Bellantoni
President
IN THIS ISSUE President’s Message 1
Russell Grant Available 2
News from State Archaeologist
2
News from Other Organizations:
2
FOSA 2
Norwalk Com. College 3
Conn. Archaeology Center 5
American Institute of Archaeology
5
Institute for American Indian Studies
5
SHPO/CRM Reports 6
Focus on Field Schools 10
FOSA-Glastonbury 10
CT Arch. Center-Glastonbury 10
UConn-Battlefield 10
UMass Amherst 12
NH SCRAP 14
Calendar 15
ASC Officers 15
Spring Meeting Program 16
Directions to Spring Meeting 20
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LYENT RUSSELL GRANT NOW AVAILABLE
ASC is pleased to announce that for
the year 2016, the Lyent Russell
Grant will be available. This
memorial to one of our most
supportive former members, was set
up to financially help ASC members
who need to run tests such as
radiocarbon or other geophysical
tests, or to procure a special tool to
facilitate their current archaeological
work. The Grant was set up
specifically to help archaeologists
both avocational and professional
who do not have an institutional
affiliation which is usually needed to
obtain other grants, but it is also
available for any member who is in
need of $500 to $1,000 to further
their research. An application form
is attached to this newsletter.
Applications must be received by
August 25, 2016 to be considered for
a grant this year.
NEWS FROM THE STATE ARCHAEOLOGIST
2015 Field Summary
The Late Archaic Dug Road site in
Glastonbury was excavated in the
fall of 2014, but analysis of the site
went into gear last spring. The
charred material recovered from the
abundant features permitted the
identification of plant remains by
Tonya Largy. Tonya noted that the
most common identifiable plant
fragments were from butternut
shells. Interestingly, carbonized
bark made up between 40% and 95%
of the botanical remains examined.
Since then, Mike Raber and Marc
Banks, who wrote the site report,
completed radiocarbon dating of five
feature samples. These range in age
from 4230 to 3880 radiocarbon years
ago (ca. 2900 – 2300 calBC).
Editor’s note – see ASC News #240
for Mike Raber’s summary of his site
report
In June OSA began its investigation
of a possible location of the Windsor
Trading Post site with the help of
Kevin McBride’s Pequot War
Battlefield metal detector specialists.
Their survey identified a brass point
and a small brass ring, as well as a
strike-a-light and lead shot that could
also date to the first half of the 17th
century. The FOSA Field School
continued the investigation of the
site through standard Phase II shovel
test pit sampling. While we
identified possible Middle
Woodland activity at the site, no
additional traces of the Contact
period component were found,
suggesting that this was a short-term
Native American satellite camp
occupied at about the same time that
the Windsor Trading Post was in
operation.
Working with the Glastonbury
Historical Society, OSA had a
chance to investigate the late 17th
century Lt. John Hollister lot in
South Glastonbury. A GPR survey
conducted by UConn graduate
student Peter Leach provided
evidence of a substantial farming
complex that consisted of a possible
long “cross passage” style house
with three cellars and an additional
outbuilding and cellar nearby, as
well as a number of well features.
FOSA members helped Historical
Society excavation participants to
uncover a portion of one of the cellar
walls. Plans are in place to follow up
with additional excavation this year.
The Connecticut State Museum of
Natural History’s Adult Field School
took place at two nearby locations in
Windsor this year. The remnants of
the 1637 Windsor palisade proved
elusive to both GPR and standard
archaeological testing methods. The
stratigraphy documented in the lot
investigated along Palisado Avenue
indicated that the land surface had
unfortunately been significantly
altered in the historic period,
probably erasing any trace of the
palisade trench. A separate GPR
survey and excavation within the
bounds of John Mason’s lot within
the palisade did, however, uncover
evidence of an undocumented filled
cellar. This late 17th to early 18th
century house site contained an
abundance of domestic artifacts and
food remains.
Finally, I want to especially thank
FOSA this year for supporting the
radiocarbon date of the Farmington
Pope Mastodon. The date represents
very significant new data that helps
us reconstruct the late Ice Age
landscape of southern New England
shortly before humans first arrived
here. The Pope mastodon will be
returning to an exhibit at the Institute
for American Indian Studies this fall.
“Old Longtooth” had previously
been on display at the Institute
between 1977 and 1989, and
everyone should take the opportunity
to see this old friend again.
Brian Jones
State Archaeologist
NEWS FROM OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
FOSA NEWS
Hello ASC Friends,
Big thanks to those of you who
joined us on January 24th for the
FOSA Annual Meeting to hear about
Dr. Boisvert’s research on the
PaleoIndian period in New
Hampshire. I know it was another
tough year with winter weather, and
we appreciate your understanding as
we balance programming and safety.
While we have been seeing hints that
spring is coming, FOSA volunteers
are still very busy in the lab at
UConn. We have an Archaeological
Science Workshop scheduled for
April 24th, and we’re looking to
schedule at least one other
workshop. Stay tuned for details!
We are looking forward to helping
Dr. Brian out in his fieldwork in
Glastonbury and other places this
summer. The FOSA Field School
will be held this year August 15-19.
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All FOSA members are eligible to
attend this free educational event. If
you would like to learn more about
how to get involved please e-mail me
Mandy Ranslow
President-FOSA
Here are some events around the
state that we would like to
publicize:
April 2, 2016, Association for the
Study of Connecticut History
Meeting, Windham, CT
April 14, 2016, 9th Annual Global
Environmental Sustainability
Symposium, CCSU, New Britain,
CT
May 1, 2016, New England Hebrew
Farmers of the Emmanuel Society
Meeting, Chesterfield, CT, 3pm
Archaeology Club of Norwalk
Community College
February 11 – Thurs. - 8:00 pm Culinary Arts Dining Room - West Campus
Uncovering the Ground Truth of Connecticut’s Black Governors Dr. Jerry Sawyer - Central Connecticut State University Our February meeting highlights a
little known and important part of
Connecticut’s history. Jerry Sawyer,
Archaeologist of the African
Diaspora, will present his
archaeological investigation of the
homestead of two of Connecticut’s
19th century Black Governors,
father and son, Quosh and Roswell
Freeman.
The Hartford Black History Project
lists 22 known Black Governors in
Connecticut serving between 1755
and 1855. The officials were
democratically elected by their
communities based on African
traditional practices. Captive or free,
they served to preside over legal
matters and carry out ceremonial and
religious functions. To the 18th and
19th century white community, the
position allowed the opportunity for
individuals to be co-opted into acting
as mediators and maintaining order.
Sawyer explains that the
autonomous African-derived social
organization was long ignored or
misunderstood in European-focused
histories.
The excavation of the Freeman
family property represents the first
archaeological project to address the
lives of Connecticut’s Black
Governors.
Nancy Freeman, wife of Black
Governor Roswell Freeman at her
house near Silver Hill Road (now)
Derby, CT.
Located in Derby, Ct., Sawyer and
his team began work on the site in
2010 after being contacted a few
years earlier by a representative from
the Kellogg Environmental Center
about old foundations in
Osbornedale State Park. The first
season focused on locating,
mapping, and determining the uses
of the multiple foundations and
features found. With this upcoming
final field season, Sawyer expects to
complete analysis of the findings
over six years of excavation.
Jerry Sawyer is an adjunct professor
of Anthropology at both Central
Connecticut State Univ. and Sacred
Heart Univ., as well as field director
for the Archaeology Laboratory for
African and African Diaspora
Studies (ALAADS). His primary
research is on the global system of
African enslavement being
unearthed in Southern New England.
His work has appeared in
Smithsonian Magazine and
Archaeology magazine, and on
numerous radio and television
programs, locally and
internationally. Sawyer has
researched and excavated in
Connecticut, New York, and the
island of Antigua, on plantation,
Underground Railroad sites and 18th
century marginalized interracial
villages. Sawyer has presented a
great many papers around the world
on his African Diaspora archaeology
research and is proud to say that he
got his start in the Norwalk
Community College Avocational
Archaeology Program. In 2001, he
became the first recipient of the
Olivia Vlahos Scholarship.
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March 10 - Thursday - 8:00 pm GenRe Forum - East Campus An Ice Age Odyssey: The Pope Mastodon’s Epic Journey Dr. Brien Jones Connecticut State Archaeologist Dr. Brian Jones, Connecticut’s State
Archaeologist, will join us on March
10th with a tale of Pleistocene Age
megafaunal remains. The successful
radiocarbon dating of an ancient
animal’s tusk is the most recent
chapter of the story since the
skeleton of an American mastodon,
Mammut americanum, was
discovered in Farmington, Ct over
100 years ago.
In 1913, workmen digging a
drainage trench in a swampy area of
the Hill-Stead estate of A.A. Pope
struggled to remove what they
thought was part of a tree. It soon
became apparent that it was a
massive bone and personnel at Yale
Peabody Museum were contacted.
Thus began careful excavation of the
mastodon skeleton by the museum
scientists and crews. Approximately
one month later, one of the tusks,
measuring 8-10 feet in length and 23
inches in diameter at its largest
width, was found. The bones were
stabilized and transported to Yale for
study. It soon was back in
Farmington and remained in storage
until 1977 when the American
Indian Archaeological Institute (now
IAIS) tracked the remains down,
catalogued, conserved and displayed
the mastodon until 1989. The fossil’s
circuitous route took a few more
stops and ended at The Connecticut
State Museum of Natural History at
UConn.
Dr. Jones will present the results of
recent accelerator mass spectrometry
testing obtained by analysis of a
fragment of the Farmington/Pope
mastodon tusk. He will discuss the
importance of adding to the
chronological data of Connecticut’s
ancient environment and history.
Questions regarding human and
megafaunal interaction, as well as
the extinction of these large animals,
continue to be asked.
Dr. Jones has been working in
archaeology for over 24 years. His
primary research is the archaeology
of northeastern Native American
cultures. He received his
undergraduate degree in
Anthropology at Oberlin College in
1986 and his Ph.D. at UConn Storrs
in 1992 after living, travelling and
studying abroad. He was the
Supervisor of Field Archaeology at
the Mashantucket Pequot
Reservation from 1998 to 2004, after
which he worked at Archaeological
and Historical Services, Inc. of
Storrs, CT. In 2008, he took the
position of Associate Director of
UMass Archaeological Services and
he has taught as an adjunct professor
in the Anthropology Department at
UConn since 2004. In 2014, he
began as Connecticut’s State
Archaeologist.
Spring Digs and Labs This spring we will return to the
Allen’s Meadows site in Wilton.
Test pit excavations during the 2014
and 2015 seasons demonstrated that
the site is somewhat larger than
originally thought. So far, we have
found that it extends a short distance
south and east of the areas previously
investigated through surface
collecting and excavation.
Unfortunately, the areas beyond
these limits were disturbed during
the construction of the soccer fields
to the point where it is doubtful that
any intact remains would exist.
However, the area to the north is
relatively undisturbed and extends
for a considerable distance. We have
continued to recover lithic debitage,
both of quartz and chert, and have
yet to determine the northern limits
to the site.
It is in the northern area that we will
be concentrating our efforts this
spring. Shovel test pits will be
excavated at five meter intervals
until enough sterile test pits have
been excavated to determine the
site’s boundary. As we are screening
all soil through 1/8” sieves, this is a
much slower process that the ¼”
sieves that are commonly used, but is
felt to be warranted given the fact
that it is the only Paleoindian site
known for the greater southwestern
Connecticut area. The dig will take
place on weekends beginning in
April. Those interested should call
Ernie Wiegand at NCC (203 857-
7377) for further details.
Laboratory work on both the
Gallows Hill and Allen’s Meadows
site will continue on Thursdays
during the spring semester. The labs
will be held in room W-015 of the
West Campus and will run from 4-8
pm. Call Ernie Wiegand at 857-7377
for any further information regarding
these activities.
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Connecticut Archaeology Center
Connecticut State Museum of
Natural History & Connecticut
Archaeology Center, UConn For registration information
visit http://www.cac.uconn.edu/mnh
currentcalendar or call 860-486-
4460.
Special Series: Exploring
Connecticut’s Towns–
Wethersfield!
Wethersfield Historical Society
Saturday, April 2, 10 am to 11 am –
Wethersfield, CT
Advance registration required: $20
($15 for Members & Donors)
Founded in 1634 by John Oldham
and a small band of traders,
Wethersfield is arguably the oldest
town in Connecticut. While
visiting Wethersfield in 1774, John
Adams wrote in his diary, “There’s
not another street in America as this
one in Wethersfield.” Discover
Wethersfield’s history from the time
the Wongunk Indians lived here
through the early 1800s. Discover
the people and events that give
Wethersfield its wonderful history
while exploring its historic district.
The tour will conclude with
admittance to the Wethersfield
Museum at the Keeney Memorial
Cultural Center.
The Paleoindian Period in
Connecticut
Zachary Singer, Department of
Anthropology, UConn
Sunday, April 17, 1 pm–
Connecticut State Museum of
Natural History, UConn Storrs
Paleoindians are the first peoples
who entered and inhabited the
Americas during the final glacial
period of the late Pleistocene around
13,000 years ago. Several
Paleoindian sites have been studied
in Connecticut, offering clues about
possible Paleoindian lifeways in
Southern New England. Join
Zachary Singer, doctoral candidate
in the Department of Anthropology
at the University of Connecticut and
a research associate for the
Mashantucket Pequot Museum and
Research Center, and learn about his
research on Paleoindian lifeways in
Southern New England.
Hartford Society Contact:
Prof. Martha Risser
The Hartford Society of AIA will
host the following lectures:
Monday, April 4, 2016 - 5:00pm
AIA National Lecture by Lorenzo
Nigro, Stars sparkling on the
waters: The Temple of Baal
‘Addir/ Poseidon at Motya and
the History of the Mediterranean
Monday, April 11, 2016, 5pm
Alexandra Aversa Sheldon,
University of Oxford, “Preserving
the Present, Repurposing the
Past: Tradition, politics, and
funereal magic in Christian
Anglo-Saxon England”
All lectures at McCook Auditorium,
Trinity College, 300 Summit St.,
Hartford, CT. For more
information, contact Wendi Delaney
LHAC Lecture Series: Connecticut's Earliest European Settlers: Finds from Glastonbury and Windsor"
Sun Mar 13th 3.00pm - 4.30pm Connecticut State Archaeologist, Dr. Brian Jones presents “Connecticut’s Earliest European Settlers: recent finds from
Glastonbury and Windsor." Archaeologists and public field school participants unearthed clues about Connecticut’s early
colonial past at three archaeological digs this past summer. The first site appears to be a Native American satellite camp
associated with the 1633 Windsor Trading Post established by men from Plymouth. The second was undertaken after the
unexpected discovery of a buried house cellar within the original John Mason home lot within the Pequot War-era Windsor
Palisade. The third site is a large buried farm complex associated with Lt. John Hollister of Glastonbury, dating between
1650 and 1721. Join Dr. Brian Jones, Connecticut’s State Archaeologist who led these excavations, and discover what these
American Institute of Archaeology
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recent archaeological explorations in Windsor and Glastonbury tell us about Connecticut’s earliest European settlers, and
how modern radar-based surveys are helping to find these long-forgotten sites.
Fee: $5; LHAC Members Free
Artifact Identification Day Sun Mar 20th 1.00pm - 4.00pm Looking for information about an artifact that you found or inherited -
bring it to our Artifact Identification Day! Join the conversation as Director
of Research & Collections, Lucianne Lavin, Ph.D. identifies and provides
interesting commentary about your local stone objects and Native
American cultural items. While we can't appraise or speculate about the
value of an object, we can certainly talk about the who, what, when, where,
and how of your mystery items! Please limit 12 artifacts per person.
Museum Admission: $8 Adults; $6 Seniors; $5 Children (3-12 yrs.); IAIS
Members Free.
SHPO/CRM REPORTS We are pleased to once again report to you the following sample of Cultural Resource Management (CRM) activity in
Connecticut. This is a list of CRM reports transferred from State Historic Preservation Office to the public archive at UConn,
shared with us courtesy of Cathy Labadia, Staff Archaeologist, Historic Preservation and Museum Division, Department of
Economic & Community Development (also known as the Connecticut State Historic Preservation Office or “SHPO”. We
continue with this list of reports where we left off in ASC News Issue #240. Our thanks to Cathy for sharing with the ASC
membership this important measure of professional archaeological reporting within Connecticut. Cathy notes for those that
don’t know, UConn maintains an online search index at: http://chpc.lib.uconn.edu/
CRM Reports Transferred to UConn's Dodd Center
Rep # Authors Year Subject
1841 Geidel & Kuder 2010 Phase I Archaeological Investigation, Waterbury Oxford Airport, Proposed Hangar and Office Space, Oxford
1842 Walwer & Walwer
2010 Phase IA Archaeological Assessment Survey of the Conn. River
Museum, Bulkhead Repair & Dock Reconstruction Project, Essex
1843 Banks 2011 Archaeological Monitoring for Crib Wall Replacement of Route 45/East Shore Road, DOT Project 150-126, Washington
1844 Doucette
2011 Data Recovery Program, Tower Hill Road Site (104-28), Algonquin
Gas Transmission, LLC. HubLine/East to West Expansion Project - E-3 System, FERC Docket No. CP08-420-000, -001, Norwich
1845 Litwinionek & Schneiderman-Fox
2010 Phase I Archaeological Resources Survey, Hampton Town Garage, 182 Old Route 6, Hampton
1846 Sgarlata & Longcore
2012 The Warner Site in Woodbridge, Connecticut: Evidence of Primary Forest Efficiency in the Late Archaic of Southern New England, Woodbridge
1847 Raber 2011 Archaeological Reconnaissance for Replacement of Route 1 Bridge over the Niantic River, Bridge No. 00368, State Project No. 44-147, E. Lyme and Waterford
1848 Franz & Corcoran 2012 A Phase I Cultural Resources Survey of the Proposed Bridgeport US Army Reserve Center, Branford
1849 Harper, Ives & Clouette 2011 Memorandum Report: Phase IA Archaeological Reconnaissance (Assessment) Survey, Yankee Gas Natural Pipeline, Connecticut River Crossing Replacement, South Windsor and Windsor, CT
1850 Heritage Consultants LLC
2012 Phase I Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey of a Proposed Cellular Communications Tower Located at 350B Cossaduck Hill Road, North Stonington, Connecticut
7
1851 AECOM 2011 Phase I Archaeological Assessment and Reconnaissance Level Survey: Replacement of Bridge No. 00097, Route 1, Old Lyme, New London County, Connecticut. State Project No. 104-162
1852 Raber 2009 Archaeological Reconnaissance for Replacement of Route 616 Bridge over Bartlett Brook, Bridge No. 00396, CTDOT 70-116, Lebanon
1853 Raber 2010 Archaeological Investigations for CT Siting Council Docket 272: Middletown - Norwalk 345 kV Transmission Line Project: Segments 3, 4a, 4b, and 4c: East Devon Substation, Milford, Connecticut to Norwalk Substation, Norwalk, Connecticut
1854 Raber et al. 2013 Archaeological Investigations for CT Siting Council Docket 272: Middletown - Norwalk 345 kV Transmission Line Project: Segments 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, and Beseck switching Station. Scovill Rock Switching Station, Middletown, Connecticut to East Devon Substation, Milford, Connecticut. Two Volumes
1855 Harper, Harper, & Clouette
2010 Archaeological Monitoring Steelpoint Harbor Project, Bridgeport, Connecticut
1856 Raber 2010 Archaeological Reconnaissance for Replacement of Route 184 Bridge over Shunock River, Bridge No. 02781, CTDOT 101-113, North Stonington
1857 Heritage Consultants LLC
2010 Phase IA Archeological Assessment and Phase IB Reconnaissance Surveys of the Proposed Bacon Lane Residential Development, Berlin, Connecticut
1858 Heritage Consultants LLC
2010 Phase I Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey of a Proposed Cellular Communications Facility at 146 Old Colchester Road, Waterford, Connecticut
1859 Heritage Consultants LLC
2010 Phase I Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey of a Proposed Cellular Communications Tower Located at 49 Mountain Avenue, North Stonington, Connecticut
1860 Elquist, Gillis, & Dubell 2010 Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey; Algonquin Gas Transmission, LLC: Hubline Gas Chromatograph Program, Farmington and Southington
1861 Walwer & Walwer 2011 Phase Ia Archaeological Assessment Survey of the Farmington Canal Lock 14 Site, Hamden
1862 Walwer & Walwer 2011 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Nathan Hale Homestead Septic Improvements, Coventry
1863 Heritage Consultants 2011 Phase I Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey Of Two Proposed Alternative Cellular Communications Facilities Located at 95 Balance Rock Road in East Hartland, Connecticut
1864 Harper, Ives & Clouette 2011 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey, Reconstruction Of Walnut Hill Road And Whittlesey Drive, Bethel, Connecticut (CTDOT 9-88)
1865 Walwer & Walwer 2011 Archaeological Monitoring Results, Improvements to the Moodus Reservoir Dam No. 4102, East Haddam
1866 AECOM 2012 Phase I Archaeological Survey of Polaris Park Housing Area, Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, Connecticut
1867 Waller & Leveillee 2012 Archaeological Site Conditions Assessment, Baldwin Ridge Native American Site, Groton
1868 AECOM 2012 Phase 1 Archaeological Assessment And Reconnaissance Level Survey, Intersection Improvements on Route 69 and Maple Avenue (CTDOT No. 17-183), Bristol
1869 Walwer & Walwer 2013 Phase 1 Archaeological Reconnaissance and Phase II Intensive Archaeological Survey of the Franklin Hills Estates & Country Club, Franklin
1870 Jones, Brian and Bruce Clouette
2013 Phase I Archaeological Assessment and Reconnaissance Survey and Phase II Intensive Survey, Site 9-10, Bethel Railroad Station Parking Facilities Expansion (CTDOT 302-15), Bethel
8
1871 Schneiderman 2013 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey, Proposed Parking Lot, Farmington Canal Greenway, Jarvis Street, Cheshire
1872 Schneiderman 2014 Phase II Archaeological Intensive Survey, Conndot State Project No. 25-135, Proposed Parking Lot Farmington Canal Greenway, Cheshire
1873 Walwer & Walwer 2010 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey Enhanced Use Lease (EUL) Project; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System - Newington Campus; Town of Newington, Connecticut
1875 Raber 2011 Bridge Replacements over Shunock River, North Stonington
1876 Horn & Schneiderman-Fox
2011 Memo on Phase IB Archaeological Investigations; New England Hebrew Farmers of the Emanuel Society; Connecticut State Archaeological Preserve 24: Synagogue and Mikvah; Chesterfield, Montville, Connecticut
1877 Heritage Consultants 2011 Phase IA Cultural Resources Assessment Survey of a Proposed Project Parcel at 6 Fitch Street, Norwalk, Connecticut
1878 Raber 2011 Archaeological Reconnaissance for Proposed Safe Routes to School Project - Eli Terry School, State Project No. 132-129, South Windsor, Connecticut
1879 Heritage Consultants 2011 Phase I Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey of the Millstone Line Separation Project, Waterford, Connecticut
1880 Harper, Ives & Clouette 2011 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey Proposed Orange Railroad Station; New Haven Line; Orange, Connecticut; Con-necticut Department of Transportation State Project No. 106-120
1881 Heritage Consultants 2010 Phase I Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey of a Proposed Cellular Communications Facility at 520 Somers Road, Ellington, Connecticut
1882 Harper, Ives & Clouette 2010 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey, Reconstruction of Rowayton Avenue Beneath Bridge No. 4152R, Norwalk, Connecticut, State Project No. 102-340
1883 Walwer & Walwer 2010 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Edison Road Extension in the Town of Orange, Connecticut
1884 Raber 2010 Archaeological Reconnaissance for Replacement of Route 17A Bridge over Carr Brook; Bridge No. 02197; State Project No. 112-114; Town of Portland, Connecticut
1885 Wiegand & Brown 2007 Stage 1 Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Sabine Farm Property: Doverton Drive, Greenwich
1886 Raber & Wiegand 2011 Intensive Survey Archaeological Investigations for Proposed Replacement of Walnut Tree Hill Road Bridge over Pootatuck River, State Project No. 96-191, Newtown
1887 Heritage Consultants 2011 Phase I Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Survey of the Valley Service Road Extension Project, North Haven
1888 Franz & Gillard 2011 Phase I Cultural Resources Survey: US Army Reserve Proposed Military Construction Project, Contract No. W912QR-06-D-0017, Danbury, Middlebury & Oxford
1889 Horn, Schneiderman-Fox, & Sandy
2011 Phase I Archaeological Investigation: Woodcrest Elderly Housing Phase 2, 53 and 71 Battle Street, Somers
1890 Harper, Ives & Clouette 2011 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey: Proposed Toilet Facilities Mashamoquet Brook State Park, Pomfret
1891 Horn & Sandy 2010 Phase I Archaeological Investigation: Sharon Ridge Expansion 6 Sharon Ridge Road, Sharon Housing Authority, Sharon
1892 Ranslow, Mandy and Heather Cowan Cruz
2012 Report on 2011 Excavations at the Farwell House Site, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, Connecticut
1893 Harper 2011 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Surveys Bolton Lakes Sewer Project: Pump Station and Lateral Locations, Contract Phase II, Bolton and Vernon
1894 Walwer & Walwer 2012 Phase Ib Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Hammonasset Beach State Park 100 Cabins for 100 Years Program, Madison
9
1895 Raber 2012 Reconnaissance Archaeological Investigations for Proposed Technology Park Access Road Bridge over Quinebaug River (State Project # 9115-0110), Putnam
1896 Walwer & Walwer 2012 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Kettletown State Park 100 Cabins for 100 Years Program, Oxford
1897 Walwer & Walwer 2012 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Housatonic Meadows State Park 100 Cabins for 100 Years Program, Sharon
1898 Walwer & Walwer 2012 Phase Ia Archaeological Assessment of the New Haven Rail Yard Facilities Improvements 152 Water Street, USPS Parcels 2 & 3, and CSX Parcel, New Haven
1899 Labadia, et al. 2012 Phase Ia Cultural Resources Assessment Survey of the Proposed Streetscape Improvements for the Coltsville Corridor (State Project No. 63-626, Hartford
1900 Walwer & Walwer 2013 Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey, 191 Brook Street, Rocky Hill
1901 Speal, Ranslow, & McMillan
2013 Phase 1A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey: Reconstruction of I-95 over West River, State Project No. 92-522, Federal Aid Project No. BHI-95-1(163), New Haven and West Haven
1902 Walwer & Walwer 2013 Phase Ia Archaeological Assessment Survey of the Proposed Bus Maintenance and Storage Facility, 200 Litchfield Street and 105 Summer Street, Torrington
1903 Wiegand, Ernest and Dawn Brown
2013 Stage 1 Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Arthur Sherwood, Folly Farm and Sherwood Point Sites in Sherwood Island State Park, Westport
1904 Raber 2013 Historical and Archaeological Investigations for Shoreline Greenway Trail Proposed Boston Post Road Multi-Use Path from Madison Town Line to Route 146, Guilford
1905 Walwer & Walwer 2011 Phase II Intensive Archaeological Survey of the United States Postal Service - Main Street South Property, Southbury
1906 AECOM 2011 Phase I Archaeological Assessment and Reconnaissance Level Survey: Realignment of State Route 740, Branford and N.Branford
1907 Lavin & Banks 2011 Archaeological Monitoring and Discovery Report: The Military Academy Site (45-64) at Camp Rell, The Army National Guard Camp in Niantic, Connecticut, East Lyme
1908 Lavin 2012 Professional Archaeological Assessment Survey to Evaluate the Potential of State Project No. 053-173 - Rehabilitation of Bridge No. 00417, the William Putnam Memorial Bridge, Route 3 over the Connecticut River - to Impac Resources, Wethersfield and Glastonbury
1909 Delland, Bedford, & Hayden
2014 Phase IA Cultural Resource Assessment: Reconstruction of Interstate 84 State Project No. 151-273, Waterbury
1910 Brodeur & Hayden 2013 Phase I Archaeological Assessment and Reconnaissance Survey: Old Saybrook Railroad Station Parking Facilities Expansion, State Project No. 310-65, Old Saybrook
1911 Hayden & Luhman 2013 Phase IA Archaeological Assessment and IB Reconnaissance Survey: Construction of Shared Use Path, State Project No. 76-217, Manchester and Bolton
1912 Fortugno 2013 Phase I Archaeological Assessment and Reconnaissance Survey: Safety Improvements on Route 127 at Evers Street, State Project No. 15-335, Bridgeport
1913 AECOM 2013 Phase II Intensive Level Archaeological Survey: Realignment of State Route 740, Branford and North Branford
1914 Raber 2013 Historical and Archaeological Assessment for Proposed Pond Lily Dam Removal on West River, New Haven
1915 Holmes 2013 Report on Phase I Archaeological Reconnaissance Surveys Conducted at Rocky Neck State Park in East Lyme, Forster Pond in Killingworth, and Austin F. Hawes Memorial Campground, Site #5-39, in Barkhamsted
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1916 Harper 2014 Expanded Phase II Intensive Archaeological Investigations: Perry House, Stratford
1917 Ives & Jones 2014 Phase II Intensive Archaeological Investigation: Proposed Orange Railroad Station New Have Line (State Project No. 106-120), Orange
Focus On FIELD SCHOOLS Some of the most important archaeological research being done in Connecticut and surrounding states today is in the form of
summer field schools sponsored by several universities, Native American tribal governments and other organizations, while
additionally training the next generation of archaeologists. In the following column, a feature in each April issue of ASC News,
the field school directors describe their programs for the coming year.
Archaeology Field School for Secondary School Teachers The Connecticut State Museum of Natural History is developing a new field school aimed at secondary school teachers
interested in teaching archaeology. The one week field school will held the week of July 18th and will be offered at no cost on
a first come basis. It will likely take place at a colonial period site in Windsor, but the details are still being fleshed out. If
you are a teacher, or know one, and want more information about this program, please contact David Colberg at the CSMNH
CSMNH Adult Archaeology Field School The Connecticut State Museum of Natural History adult field school will be held, as usual, during the first week of August (the
1st through 5th). This year we will be following up on last summer’s preliminary investigation of the John Hollister site in
South Glastonbury, a late 17th century fortified farm complex. The goal will be to explore the site’s four cellar features
discovered during the GPR survey and verify their association with the 17th century site. There is a program fee, but a
reduction offered to CSMNH members. Those interested should contact David Colberg at the CSMNH
FOSA Members Field School The Friends of the Office of State Archaeology summer field school will also take place at the John Hollister site from August
15th through 19th. The field school is open to all FOSA members (for membership details see FOSA-CT.org). Members are
welcome to come and help us wrap up this season’s investigation for a day or for the whole week, as space permits. By this
time we should be well into all four cellars, and if all goes as anticipated, we should be examining some very interesting and
uncommon 17th century artifacts and features. Stay tuned to the FOSA web page for further information.
Field School in Battlefield Archaeology 2016
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May 18th through June 24th 2016
About
The University of Connecticut and Mashantucket Pequot Museum and Research Center will offer a field school in battlefield archaeology at a Seventeenth Century battlefield from the Pequot War of 1636-1637. The Battle of Mistick Fort: English Retreat & Pequot Counterattack took place on May 26, 1637 immediately following the English & allied Native attack on the Pequot fortified village at Mistick. Much of the fieldwork will center around a small Pequot village burned down during the retreat. The project is funded by grants from the National Park Service American Battlefield Protection Program, and is part of a long-term effort to document the Battlefields of the Pequot War (Visit Battlefields of Pequot War webpage for additional information).
Academics
The 2016 UCONN field school will be based at the Mashantucket Pequot Museum and Research Center with fieldwork taking place at Mystic (Groton), Connecticut. The 6-week, 6-credit field school will include training in standard archaeological field survey and excavation, artifact conservation, cataloguing and analysis, and research and field methods specific to battlefield archaeology including analysis of primary sources, use of military terrain models, metal detecting survey, and GPS/GIS applications. The field school provides a unique opportunity for students to work on a nationally significant collaborative research project alongside tribal members, archaeologists and military historians. In addition to the fieldwork, students will participate in training workshops in laboratory and research methods, attend guest lectures, complete assigned readings and maintain a daily field journal.
Fees
Summer Session courses are paid on a per-credit basis at a rate of $411 per credit hour. If you choose the full six- week program, your cost will be $2,466. In addition, there is a $75 lab fee, payable on the first day of class.
Application and Registration
All students must fill out an application in order to be considered for the field school and receive a permission number so they can register.
Contact Dr. Kevin McBride ([email protected] via e-mail for an application and more information on the field school).
For information on the registration process, go to UConn Summer Session page.
Housing: University housing and meal plans are available as well as some other options. Contact Res Life at 860-486- 2926 for a summer housing application or go to Resident Life website to learn more.
Sponsored by: UConn’s Department of Anthropology, Mashantucket Pequot Museum and Research Center, and the National Park Service, American Battlefield Protection Program
12
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THE 2016 UMASS SUMMER FIELD SCHOOL IN HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY In 2016 Archaeological Services at the University of Massachusetts will again offer a Summer Field School in Historical Archaeology at the Emily Dickinson Museum, home of the renowned poet in Amherst, Massachusetts. Students will
learn and practice the fundamentals of archaeological field and laboratory research.
Last year our excavations focused on areas of the property where once stood structures and landscape features that the museum is interested in reconstructing:
• A conservatory built onto the house in the mid-19th century for Emily and her sister by their father. • A large barn with attached ells for carriages, worker housing, and animals. • An heirloom fruit orchard to be planted in an area where a tennis court was built in the early 20th century.
The upcoming Field School will continue investigation in the conservatory location where 18th- century delftware, other ceramics, and numerous clay pipes were found. This deposit is likely associated with occupants of a house that predated the
1813 Dickinson dwelling. Excavation will also continue behind the house with the goal of identifying the precise location of
the former barn and sampling different activity areas within the barn. We will also continue to test a wooded area along the northern edge of the property that we began testing in 2015.
In addition to excavation and artifact processing, the schedule will include discussions of assigned readings, guest speakers, and field trips to nearby museums and other excavations. Students will also learn and practice how archaeological research is
presented and communicated to the public by giving tours of the excavation site to visitors. Through their research, students will assist the museum in reconstructing the historic landscape and the history of land use at
the site from ancient times through the 20th Century, with an emphasis on the period of Emily Dickinson’s residence there.
More generally, the Field School contributes to ongoing research on the history and anthropology of the Connecticut River Valley region as part of the University's longstanding archaeological research program begun in the 1970s.
ESSENTIAL INFORMATION Field School students earn 6 academic credits.
Cost of the Field School is $3,000. This is a very reasonable price for a field school.
The course runs for five weeks, from May 17 through June 18. This schedule allows students the remainder of the summer
for work, travel, etc.
Class begins at 8AM and ends at 4:00 Tuesday through Saturday. The Dickinson Museum is within easy walking
distance of much of Amherst.
Students are responsible for their own meals and housing. Student summer housing is widely available in Amherst, and
the University also offers dormitory housing to students registered for summer classes.
The field school is open to any interested person 18 years of age or older.
Field School Registration is through the UMass Division of Continuing and Professional Education.
Application to the Field School is through UMass Archaeological Services. Contact Eric Johnson, Director, at
For further information see upcoming posts on the UMass Amherst Anthropology Department website:
www.umass.edu/anthro/fieldschool_files/maininfo.html or contact Field Director Dr. Elizabeth Harlow
([email protected]), or Director of Archaeological Services Prof. Eric Johnson ([email protected]).
By completing the Field School students gain the necessary experience for entry-level employment in field archaeology
at most Cultural Resource Management firms.
14
Note: While the UMass summer field school is offered to students for academic credit with the
conditions outlined above, visiting the field school and the grounds of the museum is free, although
there is a fee for touring the house. ASC members are invited to visit and observe the school –
contact Eric Johnson [email protected] for more information
2016 NH SCRAP
Field School
Holderness, NH
The field school is structured in three sessions, each two
weeks long (June 19 – July 1, July 5 – July 15 and July 18
– July 29). Fieldwork will take place daily on weekdays
from 8 AM to 4 PM, with occasional evening lectures.
The field headquarters will be based near downtown
Plymouth, NH and housing will be available at $50 per
week with fully supplied kitchens and laundry facilities.
Sessions 1 and 2. The 2016 SCRAP summer field school
in archaeology will focus on exploring the extent and
nature of a Native American habitation site dating to
between 1000 and 4000 years ago and located between
Squam Lake and Little Squam Lake in the town of
Holderness, NH. The site is extensive and integrated with
several other sites of varying time periods in the vicinity.
One of the objectives of the research is to expand on the
periods of occupation and isolate areas of specific
activities. Basic site documentation, artifact identification,
data recovery techniques and artifact identification skills
will be taught along with field mapping and related
environmental recordation.
Session 3. The final session will focus on the “Livermore
Hollow” community. Begun in 1769 it had at least 10
houses, 2 stores, a schoolhouse, a tannery and several mill
sites by 1820. The community was devastated by a
series of floods and fires. Today the site contains remnants
of a large mill site and at least 12 foundations, each of
which has the potential to yield intact archaeological
deposits. One of the objectives of this research will be to
identify all foundations and conduct shovel testing in
order to determine areas with intact archaeological
deposits. Basic site documentation, historic artifact
identification and recovery techniques will be the focus.
All fieldwork and instruction will be directed by Dr.
Richard Boisvert, New Hampshire State Archaeologist
and Edna Feighner, DHR Historical Archaeologist. The
field school will conform to standards for archaeology set
by the National Park Service. For more information,
contact the NH Division of Historical Resources at 603-
271-6433 or at
http://www.nh.gov/nhdhr/SCRAP.htm
Editor’s Note: This past January 23, Dr. Richard Boisvert
described the SCRAP program accomplishments in his
presentation Recent Discoveries in Paleoindian Research in
Northern New Hampshire at the FOSA Annual Meeting in
Farmington, CT.
15
CALENDAR
To help members plan their
calendars, we post the dates of
meetings of interest in Connecticut
and neighboring states. Please
contact the editor with any meetings
you are aware of which you feel
would be of interest to the
membership.
March 10-13, 2016, Middle
Atlantic Archaeological Conference
(MAAC) Ocean City, MD
April 6-10, 2016, Society for
American Archaeology, Orlando,
FL
April 9, 2016, ASC Spring
Meeting, Derby, CT
April 15-17, 2016, New York State
Archaeological Assoc. Centennial
Conference, Perinton, NY
April 15-17, 2016 Society for
Pennsylvania Archaeology 87th
Annual Meeting, West Middlesex.
PA
June 2-5, 2016, Society for
Industrial Archaeology Annual
Conference, Kansas City, MO
November 4-6, 2016, Eastern
States Archaeological Federation
(ESAF) 83rd Annual Meeting,
Langhorne, PA
ASC OFFICERS Nick Bellantoni - President
Connecticut Archaeology Center
2019 Hillside Ave, U-1023
University of Connecticut
Storrs, CT 06269-1023
Cell: 860-983-0930
E-Mail: [email protected]
Dan Cruson – Vice President
174 Hanover Road
Newtown, CT 06470
Home: 203-426-6021 E-Mail: [email protected]
Robyn Swan Filippone – Secretary
985 Bronson Rd.
Fairfield, CT 06824
Work: 203-259-0346
Cell: 203-673-9614
E-Mail: [email protected]
Cosimo Sgarlata - Treasurer &
Membership
1 Roscoe St.
Norwalk, CT 06851
Home: 203-847-5882
Cell: 203-505-1602
E-Mail: [email protected]
Lucianne Lavin - Bulletin Editor Institute for American Indian Studies
PO Box 1260, 38 Curtis Road
Washington, CT 06793 Work: 860-868-0518
E-Mail: [email protected]
Ernie Wiegand II - E.S.A.F. Rep.
152 Silver Spring Road
Wilton, CT 06897
Home: 203-762-1972
Work: 203-857-7377 E-Mail:[email protected]
Brian Jones – State Archaeologist
Office of State Archaeology
2019 Hillside Ave, U-1023
University of Connecticut
Storrs, CT 06269-1023
Work: 860-486-5248
E-Mail: [email protected]
Dawn Brown – Director at Large
1714 Capitol Ave.
Bridgeport, CT 06604
Home: 203-335-8745
E-Mail: [email protected]
Rob Wallace - Director at Large
33 Frank St.
Trumbull, CT 06611
Home: 203-452-1948
E-Mail: [email protected]
Mandy Ranslow – FOSA ex officio
c/o FOSA, P.O. Box 380845
East Hartford, CT 06138
E-Mail: [email protected]
Ken Feder – Director at Large
Dept. of Anthropology
Central Conn. State University
New Britain, CT 06050
Work: 860-832-2615
E-Mail: [email protected]
Lee West - Newsletter Editor
366 Main Street
Wethersfield, CT 06109
Home: 860-721-1185
E-Mail: [email protected]
2016 DUES NOW PAYABLE
It’s time to renew your membership
for 2016. Check your mailing label
if you are unsure if you are current.
(The label may not reflect payments
received in the last month.) If it
reads 15 or earlier, please fill out the
form and mail it back with your
check. Thanks!
I want to apply/renew membership
in the Archaeological Society of
Connecticut (ASC) to promote
archaeological research, conser-
vation and service. Enclosed are my
dues for the membership category:
(circle one)
Individual $25.00
Student* $10.00
Institutional $40.00
Life $300.00
Name: ____________________
Address: __________________
___________________________
Phone: (___) ________________
E-Mail: ____________________
Affiliation: _________________ (for students)
The newsletter will be sent to you
electronically unless you indicate
otherwise below:
I wish to receive ASC News by
mail instead of electronic delivery
*Student Membership includes
electronic newsletters, hard copy
bulletins, and for each new member
one back issue of the bulletin of your
choice subject to availability.
Send payment to Cosimo Sgarlata,
ASC Treasurer, 1 Roscoe St.,
Norwalk, CT 06851
Visit us on the web at www.connarchaeology.org
16
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF CONNECTICUT
SPRING MEETING
Kellogg Environmental Center
500 Hawthorne Ave.
Derby, CT
Saturday, April 9, 2016 Admission: non-members (general public) - $10, members (ASC/FOSA) - $8, students - $5
Any questions regarding meeting please contact: Dawn Brown - [email protected]
9:00 Registration begins (with coffee and doughnuts)
9:25 Welcome, announcements – Nick Bellantoni, President, Archaeological Society of Connecticut
Morning Session – Above Ground Archaeology II: Local Industrial Sites
9:30-10:00 The Sanford Mill Site, Newtown, CT: A Forgotten 19th-Century Hat Factory is Rediscovered
Wesley Willoughby, PhD, RPA; The Louis Berger Group, Inc.
Last year the Louis Berger Group documented the remnants of a mid-19th-century hatting mill as part of a cultural
resources survey and site examination conducted for the Connecticut Department of Transportation in preparation
for the realignment of Edmond Road. Limited subsurface archaeological resources were identified and much of the
site is substantially disturbed. However, the remains of a dam, mill race, portions of two foundations, and a well
were identified and documented. Archival research revealed the site was a hat factory operated by the Sanford
family during the 1850s and 60s. The site is considered eligible for the National Register of Historic Places for its
association with Newtown’s 19th-century hatting industry. The Sanford Mill represents a larger-scale of hat
manufacturing in a town where the hatting trade was primarily a cottage industry, providing a unique glimpse into
Newtown’s rich economic history.
Dr. Willoughby is an Archaeologist with The Louis Berger Group, Inc. He is currently stationed in their Albany,
NY, office and has more than 15 years of experience researching and excavating sites dating from the Archaic
Period to the 20th century. Willoughby recently completed a PhD in Anthropology at Syracuse University with a
focus in the Historical Archaeology of British Colonial North America.
10:00-10:30 History Condensed in a Milk Can
Cece Saunders, MA, RPA, and Faline Schneiderman, MA, RPA (presenter); Historical
Perspectives, Inc.
The Gail Borden Condensed Milk Factory site, on Burr Mountain Road in Torrington, contains a tri-level stone
factory foundation, approximately 63 feet long and 40 feet in width, and a 7.2-foot wide, dry laid split fieldstone
enclosed wheel pit where there was once an overshot wheel. A wooden CT State Park sign on the side of the road
publicizes the location of the factory site made famous in 1857 with the first successful U.S. production of
condensed milk. In 2015, the remains of this mill became an Archaeological State Preserve. And, although we all
like to follow raceways and explore wheel pits – and it is always a pleasure to witness a preserved industrial
complex in a state park - Borden’s tale is more than the abandoned mill and the iconic red and white can in the
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kitchen. The Gail Borden story is fascinating and encompasses the tale of America’s burgeoning rail system, two
wars, technological failures and successes, a dead wife, and a chance encounter on a very lucky train ride.
Faline Schneiderman, RPA, has been an archaeologist with Historical Perspectives, Inc. since 1987, serving as
Project Director, Principal Investigator, and now Vice President. Primary author of numerous cultural resource
assessments in Connecticut and New York, she successfully nominated the Gail Borden Condensed Milk Factory
Site at what is now Burr Pond State Park in Torrington, to the State Register of Historic Places and as a State
Archaeological Preserve in May, 2015.
Cece Saunders, as a principal of Historical Perspectives, has directed numerous cultural resource projects in the CT,
NY, and NJ area. Working in urban, rural, and waterfront sites, Ms. Saunders has managed a full range of projects
that encompass archival research, archaeological evaluations and field investigations, structural assessments, and
master plan development. Ms. Saunders has served as a governor-appointed member of the State Historic Preservation
Review Board since 1993.
10:30-11:00 Connecticut's Stone Bridges from the Bottom up, c.1865-1940
Michael S. Raber, Ph.D.; Raber Associates
Masonry arch bridge construction is an ancient design, but was not widespread in Connecticut until the mid-19th
century because timber crossings were cheaper. The growth of urban centers and railroads, and some severe
weather events, increased preferences for the more flood-resistant stone arches throughout the state c1865-1880,
after which metal truss structures became competitive with masonry construction. Stone-arch bridge footings,
abutments or foundations reflecting vernacular practice and knowledge are rarely documented, but cultural resource
management studies of bridge replacements have included some archaeological exposure of these features. Few of
the state’s stone-arch bridges were founded on bedrock, and the limited documentations of arch footings suggest a
narrow range of adaptations to local streambank and stream channel conditions. By the early 20th century, few
new stone arch bridges were built, and the form became more valued for its picturesque quality. The traditional
appearance was usually maintained by stone facing added to closed-spandrel concrete arches or arched concrete
girders.
Michael S. Raber, Ph.D., is the owner of Raber Associates, and as a consulting archaeologist and historian has
directed hundreds of CRM projects in Connecticut and elsewhere in the northeastern United States for over 35
years. He is a past president and founding board member of the Friends of the Office of State Archaeology, Inc.,
and author or co-author of many publications on Connecticut industrial archaeological and historic engineering
resources, including the monograph Industrial Heritage in Northwest Connecticut, Guide to History and
Archaeology. Projects involving historic bridges have included all phases of assessment and documentation,
ranging from archaeological excavations in stone arch bridge abutments to written and photographic packages
prepared to Historic American Building Survey/Historic American Engineering Record (HABS/HAER), National
Register, or other state standards.
11:00-11:30 Nuclear Physics, Cancer Treatment and Aerospace Projects–A Cyclotron Legend
Bob Stewart; Historical Technologies
This presentation focuses on a documentation of the Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory. The cyclotron had been
invented in Berkeley California in 1929 by Ernest Lawrence and constructed by Lawrence and his graduate student
M. Stanley Livingston. It is a machine originally designed for research in nuclear physics, and was needed to
measure various nuclear reaction cross sections of interest for development of the atomic bomb. After the war
graduate students produced some 30 Ph.D. theses and many papers using the machine. Obsolescent around 1958
interest in the Cyclotron, known in the vernacular as an “atom smasher”, was revived by an article written by
Professor Robert R. Wilson. Wilson explained that protons produced in accelerators having energies above 125
million electron volts could penetrate human tissue to a depth of 12 cm. The unique property of a proton beam is
that the dose of radiation is many times less at the point where a high-energy proton stream enters tissue than it is at
18
the last centimeter where it comes to rest. Specifically, proton radiation could be delivered to cancerous tumors
deep within the body with minimum damage to the healthy tissue it passed through on its path.
By 1960 attempts at adapting the cyclotron's proton beam for biological use were underway. Wilson's paper was
instrumental in initiating a medical program for the Cyclotron Laboratory. A series of experiments with animals
determined the tolerance of normal brain tissue to a proton beam. Other experiments explored the methods of
controlling the beam and determining its accuracy. Many of the techniques relied on mechanical means of control
in addition to electronic.
Dr. Raymond Kjellberg treated the first human patient for a malignant brain tumor in 1961. Additional patients
followed and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) funded construction of a Biomedical
Annex in which 275 patients had been treated by 1967. NASA and the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded
research in extending the proton beam for treating large tumors. But machine operated for less than 1000 hours per
year from 1967 to 1975. In 2002 Proton Beam Therapy moved to Massachusetts General Hospital and the Harvard
Cyclotron was demolished.
The presentation describes the invention, construction and operation of the cyclotron. It describes creative staff
successes in developing precise methods of controlling medical radiation and their vernacular approach to machine
development.
Bob Stewart is the principal of Historical Technologies, a firm specializing in documentation of archaeological
industrial sites. He founded the company after retiring from a 30 year engineering career at United Technologies.
Bob works as a field investigator, photographer, delineator and consultant in cultural resource documentation.
Historical Technologies has completed projects documenting railroads, power plants, nuclear facilities, bridges,
aerospace installations, ships, dams, 19th century factory complexes, military/government sites and obsolete
process technologies. Bob has taught a graduate course in Industrial Archaeology at Northeastern University and
has published several monographs on historic industrial sites. He is currently a member of the Society for Industrial
Archaeology and served as its President from 2006-2008. Bob is a founding director of the Noble & Cooley Center
for Historic Preservation, "The Museum of Yankee Ingenuity", in Granville, Massachusetts.
11:30 – 12:00 Seymour’s Lime Kiln and Marble Quarries
Peter Rzasa
An early 19th century lime kiln, several marble quarries and ancient mining roads can be found in Seymour’s Little
Laurel Lime Ridge Park.
Two hundred million years ago, the marble was part of a large coral reef that surrounded a volcanic island in an
ancient ocean. Eventually, the reef metamorphosed into the marble that can be seen today. Local farmers in the
late 18th and early 19th centuries made use of this marble to “sweeten” their crop fields and enhance plant growth
by lowering soil acidity. But first they had to burn the marble in a kiln for six to seven days to drive off carbon
dioxide and produce “burnt lime”. Two local lime kilns were constructed for this purpose, with one remaining in
Seymour.
Peter and Barbara Rzasa will give and a presentation and a tour which will describe the lime kiln, the burning
process, the quarries and mining roads found at the park.
Peter Rzasa earned his B.S. degree in Forest Chemistry from S.U.N.Y. College of Environmental Science and
Forestry at Syracuse and a M.Sc. in Medical Science from Quinnipiac University. He retired in 2011 after having
spent 37 years working in pathology and radiology at the Hospital of Saint Raphael in New Haven.
Barbara Rzasa obtained a B.S degree in art from Southern Connecticut State University. She is a graphic designer
who uses her artistic skills to create wildflower, bird, and farmland pastel and watercolor paintings. She has
recently displayed her artwork at the Kellogg Environmental Center in Derby. Barb is also an avid photographer
who loves to photograph birds and spring wildflowers.
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Barbara and Peter have actively volunteered for several nature based organizations such as the Ansonia Nature
Center, and the Seymour Land Conservation Trust. For three years, Peter served as vice-president of the
Naugatuck Valley Audubon Society while Barbara served as the group’s secretary. Both serve as Family Ramble
Leaders for the Connecticut Forest and Park Association. The Rzasas provide presentations and hikes on the
subjects of local history, tree ID, Stinkology (fragrances of field and forest), plant galls, lichens, wildflowers, plant
communication, forest landscape interpretation and on the natural wonders of Iceland. Their goal is to encourage
people, especially children, to look more closely at our natural world and to become more aware of its hidden
wonders.
12:00 – 12:15 ASC Business Meeting
12:15 - 1:45 Lunch - Restaurant suggestions will be provided, or bring your lunch and enjoy the grounds of the
Kellogg Center.
Afternoon Tour - Seymour’s Lime Kiln and Marble Quarries
1:45 – 3:30 Seymour’s Lime Kiln and Marble Quarries
This tour will take place within the Little Laurel Lime Ridge Park in Seymour which is about a 3 mile drive from
the Kellogg Environmental Center. Peter and Barbara Rzasa will describe the 19th century lime kiln, the burning
process, the marble quarries and mining roads found at the park.
The hike is about one mile in length along an established trail which is uneven in places and contains ruts. This
moderate hike contains some gentle slopes and is not handicap accessible. Pete and Barb are willing to give the tour
rain or shine. So if weather looks uncertain, bring rain gear.
3:30 Reception (Wine and cheese) - tentative
Peter Rzasa at the lime kiln Peter Rzasa at the marble cave
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Directions to the ASC Spring Meeting
From Eastern Connecticut (I-95 Southbound) - take exit 47 (Rte. 34 connector) - stay on connector until it ends - proceed straight until road ends at the junction with Ella Grasso Boulevard - take a right onto the Boulevard and move quickly to the left lane - at the first intersection, take a left onto Rte. 34 and continue west on Rte. 34 (approximately 5 miles) - follow signs for Route 34 West (Note: In Derby, Rte. 34 makes a hard left turn and passes under Rte. 8 overpass.) - see Getting Close directions below
From Southwestern Connecticut (I-95 Northbound) - take exit 27 to Rte. 8 North - from Rte. 8, take exit 15 - at end of ramp, turn left onto Rte. 34 - see Getting Close directions below
From the North on Rte. 8 (Southbound) - take exit 15 - at end of ramp, turn left onto Main St. (Rte. 34) - see Getting Close directions below
From the South on Rte. 8 (Northbound) - take exit 15 - at end of ramp, turn left onto Main St. (Rte. 34)
- see Getting Close directions below
From the Wilbur Cross/Merritt Parkway (Rte. 15 Northbound) - take exit 52 onto Rte. 8 North - from Rte. 8, take exit 15 - at end of ramp, turn left onto Main St. (Rte. 34) - see Getting Close directions below
From the Wilbur Cross Parkway (Rte. 15 Southbound) - take exit 58 (2nd exit after West Rock Tunnel) and go right on Rte. 34 (west) - follow signs for Route 34 West (Note: In Derby, Rte. 34 makes a hard left turn and passes under Rte. 8 overpass.)
- see Getting Close directions below
Getting Close - Downtown Derby: from Main Street Rte. 34/Rte. 8 intersection (overpass) - continue West on Rte. 34 for about 1.5 miles - take a right onto Lakeview Terrace (there is a road sign for Kellogg Center/Osbornedale State Park at the corner) - continue to stop sign at the end of the road
- turn left at stop sign. Our parking lot is on your left. Welcome!
CT Dept. of Environmental Protection Kellogg Environmental Center Osborne Homestead Museum
500 Hawthorne Avenue, Derby, CT 06418 (203) 734-2513 FAX (203) 922-7833