Lesson 27

AS PE Anatomy & Physiology

James BarracloughRespiratory System – Transport of Oxygen

1.What gets wetter and wetter the more it dries?2. What goes around the world but stays in a corner?3. I have holes in my top and bottom, my left and right, and in the middle. But I still hold water. What am I?4. Give me food, and I will live; give me water, and I will die. What am I?

IN GROUPS/PAIRS:5 MINUTES TO SOLVE THEM!!!

http://www.online-stopwatch.com/countdown-timer/

Starter: Riddles

1.What gets wetter and wetter the more it dries?ANSWER: A TOWEL2. What goes around the world but stays in a corner?ANSWER: A STAMP3. I have holes in my top and bottom, my left and right, and in the middle. But I still hold water. What am I?ANSWER: A SPONGE4. Give me food, and I will live; give me water, and I will die. What am I?ANSWER: A FIRE

Answers

Homework Answers

Objectives: by the end of the lesson, learners will be able to: Describe respiratory complications Discuss the impact of smoking on the respiratory system Describe the adaptive responses of the respiratory system to training

Topic: Respiratory System

In 2 groups create a poster using the following headings:Respiratory complications:

Asthma Medication (bronchodilators & anti-inflammatories) Guidance for asthma sufferers

Impact of smoking: Impaired transport of O2 Greater airway resistance

Adaptive responses to training: Tidal volume & vital capacity (what causes this?) Improved transport of respiratory gases (volume of blood & blood plasma –

viscosity) Enhanced gaseous exchange at alveoli & tissues (capillary density,

pulmonary blood flow) Greater uptake of O2 by muscles (myoglobin/mitochondria)

THIS WILL BE UPLOADED TO MOODLE

Activity 1

Asthma: Constriction of bronchial airways & inflammation of

mucous membranes = shortness of breath & restricted ventilation

Medication: Bronchodilators – relieve symptoms Anti-inflammatories – help prevent attacksTips for asthmatics: Don’t exercise when symptoms start Warm-up & cool-down appropriately Try to exercise indoors when cold/damp Train with a partner in case attack starts

Complications

Impairs O2 transport – high level of CO in blood

reduces amount of O2 uptake as CO binds more effectively to Hb. Can reduce VO2 max by 10%

Airway resistance through narrowing of air passages. Inhaling smoke increases resistance of airways immediately – causes swelling of mucous membranes.

Tar coats membranes reducing elasticity of alveoli & reducing gaseous exchange. Therefore less O2 into bloodstream

SMOKING

Increases in lung volumes: Tidal volume (volume of air inhaled & exhaled each breath) unchanged at rest &

submaximal exercise, but increases during high intensity. More O2 taken in & more CO2 expelled

Vital capacity (maximum amount of air exhaled after max inhalation) increases slightlyImproved transport of respiratory gases: Total volume of blood increases (and plasma) & red blood cells (erthrocytes) meaning

more Hb improving O2 delivery Increased plasma means reduced blood viscosity & less resistance to blood flow & supply

to musclesEnhanced gaseous exchange at alveoli & tissues: Capillary density increases around alveoli & muscle tissue from endurance training

meaning greater gaseous exchange & more O2 to working muscles & better CO2 removal Endurance athletes better pulmonary blood flow & minute ventilation meaning max

exchangce of O2 & CO2Greater O2 uptake by muscles: Endurance training improves ability of skeletal muscle to extract O2 from blood due to

increased myoglobin & mitochondria increasing VO2 max by c.10-20% Enhanced O2 uptake by muscles also increases arterial-venous oxygen difference (a- VO2

diff.)

Adaptive Responses

What is asthma? Constriction of bronchial airways & inflammation of mucous membranes What does it lead to? Shortness of breath & restricted ventilation What medication can be prescribed? Bronchodilators – relieve symptoms & Anti-inflammatories – help prevent

attacks How does smoking impair O2 transport? High level of CO in blood reduces amount of O2 uptake as CO binds more

effectively to Hb. Can reduce VO2 max by 10% What does tar do to respiratory efficiency? Coats membranes reducing elasticity of alveoli & reducing gaseous

exchange. Therefore less O2 into bloodstream Give 4 ways exercise improves the respiratory system Increases in lung volumes i.e. Tidal volume & vital capacity; Improved

transport of respiratory gases; Enhanced gaseous exchange at alveoli & tissues; Greater O2 uptake by muscles

Recap Quiz

Respiratory system test

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