as one organism feeds off of another, the within the organism being fed upon is being transferred to...
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As one organism feeds off of As one organism feeds off of another, the another, the within the organism being within the organism being fed upon is being fed upon is being transferred to transferred to the the feeder.feeder.
FOOD CHAINFOOD CHAIN
energyenergy
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LEVELS WITHIN A FOOD LEVELS WITHIN A FOOD CHAINCHAIN
PRODUCERSPRODUCERS
FIRST ORDER FIRST ORDER CONSUMERSCONSUMERS
SECOND ORDER SECOND ORDER CONSUMERSCONSUMERS
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PRODUCER - autotroph
Gross Primary Productivity Rate at which the producersproducers in the ecosystem capture energy & make sugar
Basically, this means how much Basically, this means how much photosynthesis is going on….photosynthesis is going on….
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(Dayton)
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CONSUMER - heterotroph
TYPES:
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HERBIVORE - eat producers
TYPES:
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Carnivore- eat other consumers- eat other consumers
TYPES:
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Omnivore- eat consumers & producers
TYPES:
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DETRIVOREDETRIVORE consumer that feeds on the recently dead
TYPES:
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TYPES:DECOMPOSERDECOMPOSER
consumer puts nutrients back into the soil
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ENERGY TRANSFERENERGY TRANSFER
BUT a LARGE fraction BUT a LARGE fraction of the energy is of the energy is
lostlost
energy is energy is transferred from one transferred from one organism to another organism to another in a food chainin a food chain
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It is LOST as It is LOST as HEAT!!!HEAT!!!
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So then, how does the energy move through an ecosystem?
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So then, how does the energy move through an ecosystem?
Pyramid of Energy (kilocalories)
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So then, how does the energy move through an ecosystem?
Pyramid of Energy (kilocalories)
100%producers
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So then, how does the energy move through an ecosystem?
Pyramid of Energy (kilocalories)
10%1st order consumers
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So then, how does the energy move through an ecosystem?
Pyramid of Energy (kilocalories)
1%2nd order consumers
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PyramidPyramid ofof EnergyEnergy90% decrease at each trophic level10% useable energy
WHERE DID THE ENERGY GO??
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It is LOST as It is LOST as HEAT!!!HEAT!!!
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Pyramid numbers (how much prey @ each level)
So then, how do the numbers of organisms in an ecosystem relate to the levels?
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So then, how do the numbers of organisms in an ecosystem relate to the levels?
Pyramid numbers (how much prey)
1,500,000
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So then, how do the numbers of organisms in an ecosystem relate to the levels?
Pyramid numbers (how much prey)
200,000
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So then, how do the numbers of organisms in an ecosystem relate to the levels?
Pyramid numbers (how much prey)
90,000
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So then, how do the numbers of organisms in an ecosystem relate to the levels?
Pyramid numbers (how much prey)
2
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PyramidPyramid ofof NumbersNumbers
Illustrates total # of organisms at each
trophic level
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PyramidPyramid ofof NumbersNumbers
This does NOT take into account the SIZE of the
organism
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So then, how does the amount living stuff (dry mass) - potential food, move through an
ecosystem?
Pyramid biomass (grams / m2)
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Pyramid biomass (grams / m2)
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FOOD chain
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FOOD WEB
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FOOD WEB
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Energy moves through the arrows!
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The food web is a simplified way of understanding the process by which organisms
in higher trophic levels gain energy by consuming organisms at lower trophic levels.
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Energy moves through the arrows!