aryan in chinese

8/12/2019 Aryan in Chinese

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t h a t they woul d be sure t o do t hi s had theynot l ong ago ceased t o be r e l i g i o u s m s-s i o n a r i e s and deserted Buddhi smf o r anot hercreedI n o t i c e that M . Par k er adm t s t he d i s -t i n c t i o n o f t he hi gher and l ower s e r i e s Butt h i s d i s t i n c t i o n r equi res t he excl usi on o fmandar i n f r o mcour t as a w tness, i t bei ngi n ol d sounds He a l s o r ecogni zes t he f i n a lmut es b , t andp He wi l l f i nd t hat al lt he l aws recorded i n my Grammr' and`Chi nese characters ar e j us t a s t r ue a st hes e, o r , i f any one o f them i s wr ong, I s h al lbe gl ad t o l earn any f a c t whi ch my hel p mt o c o r r e c t i t . Adm t t i ng t he t r u t h o f t hetwo l aws, t h a t on t he doubl e s e r i e s , andt h a t of t he mut e f i n a l s , he i s compel l ed byal l f ai r l o gi c t o adm t t he o t h e r s Thep r o o f s and references ar e gi ven i n m t wobooks above referred t o

To avoi d mstake i n regard t o t he namo f Buddha I w i l l j u s t here put t he ar gumentagai n The char acter Awas s e l e c t e d byt he t r a n s l a t o r s about ei ght cent ur i es beforet he ascert ai ned dat e o f t he i ntr oducti on o fmandar i n pronunci ati on . Thi s character i sused i n t he Four books w t h t he sound hi t The Hi udoos t ook as t h e i r gui de i n wr i t i n g,

I n a f or mer a r t i c l e s ome Cant onese wor dswer e ment i oned that mght be traced t o anAryan o r i g i n I now purpose t o presentsome such exampl es f r om t he gener al l an-guage o f Chi na I pr emse by sayi ng t hatal l such att empt s ar e necessar i l y t e nt at i ve I t w i l l not do f o r any one t o be p o s i t i v e , normust any one suppose t hat mer e suggest i onscan yet take t h e i r pl ace as ascert ai ned f a c t s .I n mos t s c i e nc e s hypot heses precede d i s -c o v e r y , and suggest i on, pr oof Wheres c h o l a r s l i k e Max Mul l er and Moni er W l -ham ar e severel y c r i t i c i z e d by Whi tney

ARYkN ROOT , I \ CF I I : V I s S l ? .t he Devanagar i s p e l l i n g , and t hough theysomet i mes empl oyed P a l i , i n t h i s i nstancethey used Sanscri t The southern Fuki enp e o pl e , who have a mul t i t ude o f arc hai smsi n t h e ir d i a l e c t s c a l l Buddha Put . Thegreat bronze Buddha i n J apan i s c a l l e d DaiBudz, i n whi ch t he dz cor r esponds t o anol der d by an ascert ai ned l awo f change f r o mdu t o dz whi ch t ook pl ac e i n t he J apanesel anguage si nce t he t i me whenBuddhi smwasf i r s t conveyed t o J apan f r o m Chi na Ont he other hand t he sound Fuh o r Fo pre-ferred by s ome Eur opeans f o r t he ol d soundo f t he char acter 4has no ar gument i n i t sf avour except t h a t i t r e l a t e s t o s ome moder nd i a l e c t s .The astronomcal f a c t s poi nt t o Baby-l oni an o r i g i n

The Buddhi st s cosmos descri bes t he out erworl d beyond I ndi a Tr i pl e gods , out erc i r c ut o f worl d The met emps yc h and out er uni vers e come

t ogether t o view Smal l devas i nnumer abl enot Vedi x I n I n di a , smal l devas, met empsy chosi s and

t r i p l e d i v i s i o n o f gods o f nature

ARYANROOTS I NCHNESE

J OSEFu EDEI NS.

and o t h er s , o f c ou r s e , unani m t y o f vi ew i snot yet be expect edWhi l e t h i s i s s o yet we my remember

t h a t a p o s s i b i l i t y mybecome a p r o ba bi l i t y ,and probabi l i ty come near t o bei ng a c e r -t ai nt y Thi s depends upon t he acc umul a-t i o n o f exampl es Amer e coi nci dence o fsounds pr oves not h i ng, but i f t h i s runsthrough a number o f exampl es t he pr ob a b i l i t y i ncr eases Thepr oof i s cumul ati ve.

I t seems t o m t hat an Aryan el ementmybe traced i n Chi nese, as a C e l t i c o r aNormn el ement my be seen i n Engl i sh


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hi ah, press the nai l s i n t o,l acerate . And so wth others .orm an excepti on. I n Cantonese i ti s pronounced hi p but i n Mandari n Galaand hi eh. I t means generous, hel pful . Wmay connect i t wth our capaci ous fromK P47) ; but I thi nk we w l l be nearerri ght i f we take i t t o be cognate wth KALP 65) hel p Sk k l i p , t o be f i t for, kalp-a,abl e t o protect . Noti ce that i n Sk the a i ssoftened i nto i as i n Chi nese sound hieh,whi ch woul d be hahi n Cantonese Our Enghelp i s fromt h i s root .Under the sound hip , hi eh and kieh wehave a numer of words whi ch partake of

the mani ngs of KAP ] t ol d, and KALPhel p, thus :t hip , hi eh, carry under the arm hel p,cheri sh

hip, hi eh, harmny, mtual hel phi p, ki eh, (heart and gone) ti md,

(seek ng help.h r ] p , hieh, r i b s , p aceunder the armCHUnder the Cantonese i n i t i a l Ch . we

have a numer of words whose reseml anceto the Aryan roots i s not so mni fest at f i r s ts i gh t , but i s no l es s mrked to thosewhoare faml i ar wth p hi l ol og i c a l changes .Most of the sounds under Ch . have thei rcounterpart s i n Aryan and Sanskri t rootswth TS Tand Sk The Fohki en, Swa-towand Hakka di al e ct s are nearest theAryanform. Ch and 1 s are often i n t e r -changed i n the l ocal patoi s in vari ous part sof one provi nce. Ch and k are i nter-changed i n Peki nese and other Mandari ndi al e ct s as wel l as i n the provi nci al di al e ct s .CH Manyof the words under t h i s soundconvey the i dea of press . Wmayconnectthemperhaps w th root T R132) and i t sextensi on TARK 135) t w s t , press. Theol d sounds were t a e tak etc. I n Amoywehave the sound Va .

cha, refuse af ter expressi ng j ui c e,dregs .

cha, press upon wth the foot, tread,cha, press down, f ool .

TfI E CHNA REVII W

cha, press i n thehand, graspl a t e , a , press f or o i l , sugar, etc .~1_1

cl eu, a wne press . cha, to press down, squeeze between

thehands . F_ cl an, suddenly, i s composed of-anobstructi on, i de, and/ , enter, (Chal -mrs . Wmay connect i t wth the rootT Rhence Lati n, i n-t ra-re ; Eng enter .The i dea seem to be that of an obstructi onturni ng asi deabody i n mti on.

cha, decei ve, cheat, maybe fromthesam root, t o twst or turn asi de Our Engturpatade, c on tr i v e, com fr omthe samroot .Whave al s o som words wth the f i n al k,whi chmar be fromthe sam root, as

chak, tseh, narrow compressed .ch ; k, t seh, t opr es s , brand, aqui ver, etc .chfck, t s eh, thi s i s writt en wth

preci ous, ori gi nal l y cowi es, wampum andcontracted formof f 1 pri ckl es (Chal

mrs) or r t bi nd (Wll i am) . I t means t of i n e , t o seek, to pr ess, et c . The sense t opress i s fromT RThe anci ent schol arswho formd the wri tten character seemtohave endeavored to express the str i ngi ng ofcow i es,Wsz , thorn, fromTAR, t o p i e r c e ,bore ; Sl c . t r i ; Gk Ten-pa, ahol e ; Eng thorn,andcowry; or perhaps the enteri ng of thesea t o seek f or s h e l l s andpearl s .There are a ls o several wth the basal i dea

of s i de, i n cl i n ed, whi ch may be connectedwth thi s root, as i s our Eng word turn, ashak, t s eh, on one si de, sl anti ng

VA chak, tseh, the sun decl i ni ng, aft er-noon .V11 chak, t s eh, si de, i ncl i ned .Another se t of words under thi s sound

seemt o be connected wth the root SKAR 407) , separate (The change of SK nt o CHi s i l l u s t r a t e d i n Sk chho, cut, f romAryanSKA, cut) andEng channel f romsam root .Thus we have_Xch d, a fork, a prong, i . e . abranchseparati nq fromthe other .JX rh a st ream or roads di vergi ng1


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Rh a, to fork out .mss themrk, er r , di f f e r .

t o examne Compare Greekseparate, di scern ; Lat . cer- nere,

separate . The maning raft i s prob-abl y connected wth root SKA 396) ,cut . Sk chho, to cut . There seem t obe no connecti on between raft and examne,but when we go back t o the Aryan rootsSKAand SKARwe see why the two i deasare represented by the sam character i nChi neseVh a, t o hewwood, a sml l r a f t , c.Here we have the sam i dea and sound re-presented by a character wri tten wth adi f f e r e nt phoneti c elemnt . Root SKAConnectedwth these roots we have (Can-tonese) several words i n ai and r i f i n al .Thus :-1uchai , chi , cut, mke, hinder, l aw c.

[wi tten kni feand i nc om ) l c t e Wm . , handand c l ot h (Chalmrs)] f romSKA, Sk chho,cut .

1 chai , chi , wi tten cut and cl ot hes . Tomke, cut out cl ot hes, c.

Uchai , chi , cut andhand) hinder, cutoff) a ls o sel ect . The l a t t e r sense nearer t oSKARseparate

chai , chi , water impeded, obstruct, cut c f f ) .a chai , chai , t o f as t , c l ose t , roomcut off,respect . (Compare teuap um temp e, fromT M151) Gk T8 Wvsw cut) . Fromr ootSKA 596) SKAR 406) , cut or ki ndredSKAR 407) , separate. So :

chai , chai , r es pect , chast en des i r es ,al s o t s ai , 210 r a di cal , even . Noti ce the 171 kni f e i n these words,

c h ai , chai , st ockade Probabl y thebasal i dea i s obst ruct cut off) wri tten wood

and obstructi on , the l a t t e r i s srak(Chalmrs 63) . Comp SAK(377) a vari antof SKA, to cut ; Lat. sec-are, t o cut . So ea r t h and obstruc t) , to obstruct .

chai , f aggots, fi rewood, stop . E therwood cut, SKA, or , perhaps, thebrushwoodasan obs t r uct i on i n thewoods ; noti ce ` tostop i n the wri tten character . Kang H

RY NROOTS I NCHNESEsays fi rewood that can be s p l i t i s San(perhaps fromoot SKAN cut) and that whi chi s sml l and i s bound i n faggots i s . Sowemayconnect t h i s wthDA, to bi nd ; therei s an ol d sound d ai .

chai , the sti ng of a bee, c, i sprobabl y connected wth SKA, cut . Soal s o

; ~ ch ai , gnaw b i t e cut wth teeth) .Several words under t h i s soundseemt o be

connected wth root SKA395, cover, shade ;whence com Eng shade, shed, c. Herewemayp ace

ch a, tea Kang H says thi s i s soc a l l e d because thel eaveswere storedaway Thep ant was ori gi nal l y c al l e d- . Whave a r e l i c of t h i s probabl y i n the commonsi gn f l ~~n o t e d teamade wthspri ngwater ; the noted' i s a corrup-t i o n of tea, the ol d name of the p ant .

ch a, t o smar, corer wth oi ntmnt .r 1 ch a, deep and r e t i r e d, as room,sunken eyes, e.

f - Che, cover, shadeand she, s hi e ,ashed, cottage, are a ls o fromt hi s r oot .Fromthe extended root SKAR 399, Sk

chhod, cover, we probabl y havechak, tseh, a dwel l i ng Compare

f romsam root Lati n ca-sa, hut, c as - t r u ni ,castl eThese examp es w l l serve to i l l u s t r a t e the

connecti on between the Chi nese and theAryanroots . I have notes of many mresuch examp es . Onemay go through thedi cti onary and f i n d under almst everysoundwords connected mre or l es s i nti mtel ywth these roots I thi nk we are j u s t i f i e di n sayi ng that at l eas t onehal f of the Chi -nesewords are a l l i e d to the Aryan Thel i keness i n som cases i s stri ki ng ; i n othersthough theremaynot be a great s up er f i c i alresemlanceyet theconnecti onmaybetracedaccording t o the rul es of phi l ol ogy qui te ascl earl y as that of the Engl i sh or Lati nwordsthat are deri ved from these roots i n workson phi l ol ogy Of course there are thosewhoregard al l such deri vati ons as fanci ful ,: r n 1 l cannot se e anyconnecti on unl ess i t i s so


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aryan in chinese

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