artists: what we know ….and how we know it ann markusen professor and director the arts economy...
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Artists: What we know ….and how we know it
Ann MarkusenProfessor and Director
The Arts Economy InitiativeHumphrey School of Public Affairs
University of [email protected]
http://www.hhh.umn.edu/projects/prie
3 Million Stories: Understanding the Lives and Careers
of America’s Arts GraduatesCurb Center, Vanderbilt University, March 8, 2013
Artists are entrepreneurial!
Very high self-employment rates
Highly likely to work on contractapt to be self-employed and work on contract
Self-Employment & Multiple Jobs (SNAAP 2010)
• 57% of current artists hold at least two jobs concurrently
• 18% work three or more jobs
• 14% of all alumni founded a company (not-for-profit and for-profit)
Figure 3. Employment Structure, California Nonprofit Arts, 2008
Source: Ann Markusen, Anne Gadwa, Elisa Barbour, and William Beyers. 2011. California’s Arts and Cultural Ecology. San Francisco: The James Irvine Foundation, September. http://irvine.org/news-insights/publications/arts/arts-ecology-reports
Artists work
….across industries
• Cultural industries
• Local-serving industries
© Copyright 2012 The Trustees of Indiana University. All rights reserved.Source: http://snaap.indiana.edu/snaapshot/#work
Wherefore Art Thou? (2010 data)
= ? 66% not currently professional artists and62% working in fields outside of the arts:
our arts training has relevance to the job in which we spend the bulk of our time
Artists work
…across sectors
Commercial
Non-profit
Public
Community
Los Angeles, Bay Area Metro Artists, Employment by Sector, 2000
Los San Francisco San Jose Santa Rosa Angeles Oakland Vallejo
All Artists 76090 24688 4677 3556
Employed (%)
Self-employed 40 44 36 64
Private employer 54 43 52 25
Nonprofit, public 6 13 12 11
Source: Ann Markusen, Sam Gilmore, Amanda Johnson, Titus Levi, and Andrea Martinez. Crossover: How Artists Build Careers across Commercial, Nonprofit and Community Work. Minneapolis, MN: Project on Regional and Industrial Economics, University of Minnesota, 2006. http://www.hhh.umn.edu/centers/prie/projects.html
Source:Markusen, Ann and Amanda Johnson. 2006. Artists’ Centers: Evolution and Impact on Careers, Neighborhoods and Economies. Minneapolis: Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, February.
http://www.hhh.umn.edu/projects/prie/PRIE--publications.html
Source:Markusen, Ann and Amanda Johnson. 2006. Artists’ Centers: Evolution and Impact on Careers, Neighborhoods and Economies. Minneapolis: Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, February.
http://www.hhh.umn.edu/projects/prie/PRIE--publications.html
Source:Markusen, Ann and Amanda Johnson. 2006. Artists’ Centers: Evolution and Impact on Careers, Neighborhoods and Economies. Minneapolis: Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, February.
http://www.hhh.umn.edu/projects/prie/PRIE--publications.html
Arts Organizations, totals and per capita, California Regions, 2008
Ann Markusen, Anne Gadwa, Elisa Barbour and Bill Beyers, California’s Arts and Cultural Ecology, 2011 http://irvine.org/news-insights/publications/arts/arts-ecology-reports
California Regional Arts Participation Rates, 2008
State Average: 54% Rest of State: 60%verage: 54%
State Average: 54%
Rest of State: 60%
Artists work
….everywhere!
Higher shares of resident workforce
in larger metros
in central cities, inner ring suburbs
In some non-metro areas, higher shares of artists than in suburbia
Artists move with the live cycle….
and vary broadly in preferences for large city, metro and small town life
Source: Markusen and Johnson, Artists’ Centers, 2006
Shares of arts grads residing in town/city of their training institution
in first five years (SNAAP)
HS Undergrad Grad0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
12
36 40
Artists’ satisfaction with work, careers?
Measuring and Defining “Success” Professional Artists’ Satisfaction with Their Work…
Job Secu
rity
Opp. to be Creative
Income
Opp. for C
areer Adva
nc.
Reflects Perso
nality
Overall S
atisfacti
on0%
20%40%60%80%
100%72%
92%
63%72%
91% 92%80% 75%
63% 65%79% 83%
Maj. Job Artist Maj. Job NOT Artist
2011 SNAAP
Artists’ engagement in
and support for the arts
Community Arts Engagement
• Attending an arts event
• Donating $ to artists or arts organizations
• Volunteering at an arts organization
87%
42%
25%
UG GRAD
91%
53%
33%
Undergraduate and Graduate Alumni Have Supported the Arts in the Past 12 Months by…
Are we getting our knowledge of artists out there?
Beyond careers and economic impact….
Artists bring us
Beauty Humor
InsightPolitical critique
InnovationTools for social
change
…. You ad!
Bill Ivey’s “right to an expressive life” Cultural Bill of Rights, Arts, Inc. 2008
Ann MarkusenDirector, Arts Economy Initiative
Humphrey School of Public AffairsUniversity of Minnesota
[email protected]://www.hhh.umn.edu/centers/prie/index.html
Principal, Markusen Economic Research