articulating ecosystem services values · lopes & videira, 2016. highlights_ puzzling the outcomes...

ARTICULATING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES VALUES A PARTICIPATORY FRAMEWORK TO SUPPORT DECISION-MAKING

RITA LOPES & NUNO VIDEIRA

ISEE - INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS WASHINGTON, DC | JUNE 26-29, 2016

Supported by:

RESEARCH RELEVANCE

How to foster and structure the integration of multiple ecosystem services values in decision-making processes?

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ARE THE BENEFITS PEOPLE OBTAIN

FROM NATURE (MEA, 2005).

THE CONCEPT HAS BEEN INCREASINGLY ADOPTED BY RESEARCHERS AND POLICY

MAKERS (GÓMEZ-BAGGETHUM ET AL., 2010; MEA, 2005; TEEB, 2008; IPBES, 2012)

VALUATION PROCESSES ARE BASED ON MULTIPLE VALUES

PERSPECTIVES AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXTS (SPASH

AND CARTER, 2001).

MANY DISTINCT VALUES ARE INCOMMENSURABLE AND THEREFORE CAN NOT BE

TRANSLATED INTO A SINGLE VALUE (O´NEILL ET AL. 2008)

Lopes & Videira, 2016

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Stage_1: Set the scene

Collaborative scoping of ecosystem services

Institucional and stakeholder analysis Scoping workshop Ex-post on-line survey

Stage_2: Deepen understanding

Collaborative systems mapping of ecosystem services

Participatory systems mapping workshop Causal loop diagrams post production Ex-post on-line survey

Stage_3: Articulate values

Articulation of different values assigned to ecosystem services

Indicators selection Participatory qualitative“multicriteria” workshop Integrative qualitative matrixes

Knowledge elicitation and information flow

iteration of results


EMPIRICAL TESTThe case of Arrábida Natural Park (ANP)

Identifying and valuing ES in protected areas is a promising approach to foster attention to the services provided by the area.

Facts about ANP

Exists since 1976

ANP has numerous biological, geological, floristic, archaeologies features of unique and high importance; The coastal protected area was enlarged to a contiguous marine protected area (Marine Park Professor Luíz Saldanha), which was created in 1998 with an area of 53 km2.

High human density, however a wild marine and terrestrial area persist.

Marineprotected area ofANP

Coastalprotected area ofANP


SETTING THE SCENE_STAGE 1

Identification of ES

Recognition of links between ES and human wellbeing

Identification of ES drivers of change

Screening of importance of ES to stakeholders

Establishment of stakeholder dependency networks

Framing the institutional context & stakeholder analysis ____________________

Participatory workshop _______________

Online survey by questionnaire ___________________

1

2

3

deepen understanding


ECOSYSTEM SERVICES RECOGNITION&IDENTIFICATION

Provision services

Food

Fish Dairy products Wine Herbs Vegetables Other endemic species

Water Water provision (Although this service is not very relevant in the area)

Raw materials Limestone

Genetic resources Algae endemic orchids

Medicinal resources Medicinal herbs Carob

Ornamental resources Handicraft (e.g. shells)

Regulation services

Air quality regulation Pollution from quarries controlled by vegetation

Climate regulationRain increase Carbon sequestration with potential increase of biomass close to the soil

Water regulation Karst aquifer recharge

Erosion regulation Coastal zone protection by vegetation

PollinationGrowth of agriculture and biodiversity compared to areas outside the limits of the ANP

Human disease and pest regulation -

Support services

Primary production -

O2 production O2 production by forests, prairies, and pastures

Soil formationPockets of land in karst areas that allow attachment of vegetation in mountain areasand water retention.

Nutrient cycling

Nitrogen cycle - existence of pulses that enable the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen that enters in the cycle. Cycles of other nutrients fixed in organic matter and vegetation

Habitat provisionPark luíz Saldanha’s habitats are important for species fixation Natural forest as habitat for birds

Biodiversity conservation

Different varieties of oak Several types of orchids Atlantic marine biodiversity

Cultural services

Aesthetic valuesLandscape Area with low population density Artistic inspiration Mountain-sea contrast

Recreation and eco-tourism

Beaches Nature sports Gastronomy Closeness to river and sea

Cultural diversitySeveral people Invasion territory Migration process from lisbon

Spiritual and religious values

Mysticism Isolated areas Arrábida convent Finisterra territory Cape Espichel Arrábida legends

Knowledge systems and educational values

Biophysical and geological features Limited access to the local Arrábida’s candidacy for UN world heritage site

Sense of placeMountain-sea connection Remote place to discover closeness to marine environment


ECOSYSTEM SERVICES_SCREENING OF IMPORTANCE

0

2

4

6

8

10

12ES.1.1.Food

ES.1.2.WaterES.1.3.Rawmaterials

ES.1.4.Geneticresources

ES.1.5.Medicinalresources

ES.1.6.Ornamentalresources

ES.2.1.Airqualityregulation

ES.2.2.Climateregulation

ES.2.3.Waterregulation

ES.2.4.Erosionregulation

ES.2.5.PollinationES.2.6.Humandiseaseandpest

regulationES.3.1.PrimaryproductionES.3.2.O2production

ES3.3.Soilformation

ES.3.4.Nutrientcycling

ES.3.5.Habitatprovision

ES.3.6.Maintenenceofgeneticdiversity

ES.4.1.Aestheticvalues

ES.4.2.Recreationandecotourism

ES.4.3.Culturaldiversity

ES.4.4.Spiritualandreligiousvalues

ES.4.5.Knowledgesystemsandeducationalvalues

ES.4.6.Senseofplace

EcologicalImportance EconomicImportance SocialImportance

2823

31

53

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Provisioning services

Regulation services

Support servicesCultural services

Nu

mb

er o

f vo

tes


ECOSYSTEM SERVICES_ IMPORTANCE VS THREATS


DEEPEN UNDERSTANDING_STAGE 2

Participatory systems mapping workshop to develop conceptual maps systematizing knowledge on the key variables and feedback loops and their interactions. Understanding feedback processes underlying a specific ES. Identify options describing key management mechanisms for a specific area in order to allow a sustainable flow of ES; Capture how the preservation of a specific service is linked with other services.

Participatory systems mapping workshop _______________________________

Causal loop diagrams validation and post production _______________________________

1 2

Set the scene Articulate values


CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAMS

Food production

Recreation and ecotourism

Biodiversity conservation

Climate regulation


INTEGRATED DIAGRAM (WITH THE 4 CLDS)


ARTICULATE VALUES_STAGE 3

Definition of alternatives (adjustment; elimination; change);

Definition, selection of important ecosystem services to be affected in the specific decision context;

Definition, selection of criteria to be included in the assessment;

Model of decision

Wine and vineyards_ food productionBeaches_Recreation and ecotourism

PARTICIPATORY QUALITATIVE MULTICRITERIA WORKSHOP

Set The Scene

Deepen Understanding


INTEGRATIVE MULTICRITERIA MATRICESIntegrative matrices | Result from vineyards and wine group

Integrative matrices | Result from beaches group


PARTICIPATORY PROCESS

3.VALUES ARTICULATION

1.SET THE SCENE

co-production of knowledge

sharing perceptions and experiences

values articulation

2.DEEPEN UNDERSTANDING



values articulation



values articulation

Public Administration

12 11

Business 3 6

Civil Society 5 5

Research Institutions

1 4

Total 21 26

Public Administration 9 3

Business 6 4

Civil Society 2 2

Research Institutions 3 1

Total 20 10

Public Administration 9

Business 4

Civil Society 0

Research Institutions 1

Total 14

MULTIPLE VALUES INTEGRATION


HIGHLIGHTS_ PUZZLING THE OUTCOMES

The framework fosters value articulation for decision-making support based on the integration of participatory methods and tools, implemented through a coherent and structured platform.

The proposed deliberative approach created the opportunity to accommodate scientific data together with plural stakeholder perceptions, thus supporting evidence and stakeholder-based assessments for management of ES.

This process captures from the bottom-up stakeholder’ perceptions on ES, fostering the incorporation of different types of knowledge on decision-making processes through the articulation of different values assigned to ES.

The collaborative scoping process allows for deliberation on the identification of ES; the process is enriched with stakeholders insights and local knowledge.

Detailed process on how to involve the social actors in the construction of the system behind ES, finding alternatives to manage ES.

The third stage allows harmonizing the thinking around ES, defining the important criteria to consider when assessing ES (in a specific decision context).

All the process stages foster articulation of different ES values.


THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION! [email protected]

Supported by:

Rita Lopes
mailto:[email protected]

articulating ecosystem services values · lopes & videira, 2016. highlights_ puzzling the outcomes...

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