Article ReviewIntegrating Technology in K-2 Teaching and Learning: Current

Knowledge Gaps and Recommendations for Further Research Khe Foon Hew & Thomas Brush (2007)

ETR&D, 55(3), 223-252

What is the problem for the study?

• To identify the general barriers faced by K-12 schools in USA and other countries, when integrating technology into the curriculum

• To describe the strategies to overcome such barriers

• To identify several knowledge gaps pertaining to the barriers and strategies of technology integration

• Recommendation for further research

What procedures did the experimenter use for the study?

• Literature review: analyzed existing studies from 1995 to spring 2006 that report empirical research finding on related topics

• Searching additional materials by using various database, such as Academic Search Premier, ERIC, PsycARTICLES etc

• Using “Snowball” method to review the references for additional empirical studies

What procedures did the experimenter use for the study?

• Eliminating irrelevant resources which pertain a. opinion papers, b. non-empirical descriptions of technology integration programs

• Consequently, 48 studies are being studies and used constant comparative method to derive barrier and strategy categories

What were the major conclusions for the study?

It is discovered the present studies of technology integration into high school curriculum have bias. A series of knowledge gaps had been made on the integration of technology in K12 curriculum, so further research should be tackle the gaps of technology integration in high school:

• How the barriers interrelated to each other that hinder the technology integration

• A greater detail is to be examined for the specific barriers such as teachers’ belief in affecting technology integration

What were the major conclusions for the study?

• It is also important to investigate the interrelationship between the strategies discussed in previous studies; a more holistic view is to be examined. The factor such as subject culture has to be further discussed.

• There is a need to relate the barriers and strategy associated with the different stages of technology integration by teachers.

• One-to-one computing learning environment can be discussed. How students might benefit from this scheme

What were the major conclusions for the study?

Even a lot of studies in the integration of technology in high school have been review, the quality of the studies varied. The above mentioned should have to be done on a longitude basic. It will make the studies more valid. Also, the sample size should be enlarged, the study come out would be more reliable. Therefore, a mixed-mode of research is suggested. It is to take both the quantitative and qualitative approach to study the barriers facing by high school of the integration of technology and how to overcome them.

How would you classify the study, according to the six types of research studies we looked at in this lesson?

Most likely we would like to classify the study as a descriptive research studies. The researcher based his findings on literature review. It has all together 48 literature reviews into the following categories:

– 38 descriptive studies– 3 correlation studies– 4 mixed of correlation and descriptive studies– 3 quasi-experiment studies