arthropods holt ch. 29 pg. 701-711. arthropod characteristics segmented body
TRANSCRIPT
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ARTHROPODSHOLT CH. 29
PG. 701-711
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ARTHROPOD CHARACTERISTICS
Segmented body
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ARTHROPOD CHARACTERISTICS
Segmented body Jointed appendages
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ARTHROPOD CHARACTERISTICS
Segmented body Jointed appendages Hard external skeleton
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ARTHROPOD CHARACTERISTICS
Segmented body Jointed appendages Hard external skeleton Most have open circulatory system
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ARTHROPOD CHARACTERISTICS
Segmented body Jointed appendages Hard external skeleton Most have open circulatory system Many have wings
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SEGMENTED BODY Individual body segments in larval stage
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SEGMENTED BODY Individual body segments in larval stage Adults show 3 body segments
Head Thorax (chest) Abdomen SOME display CEPHALOTHORAX (head and
chest fused together)
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JOINTED APPENDAGES APPENDAGE-structure that extends form
arthropod’s body wall
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JOINTED APPENDAGES APPENDAGE-structure that extends form
arthropod’s body wall ARTHROPOD=“jointed foot”
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EXOSKELETON EXOSKELETON-made of carbohydrate
CHITIN-thin/flexible Muscles attach Appendages attach
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EXOSKELETON EXOSKELTON-made of carbohydrate
CHITIN-thin/flexible Muscles attach Appendages attach
WATERPROOF
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EXOSKELETON EXOSKELTON-made of carbohydrate
CHITIN-thin/flexible Muscles attach Appendages attach
WATERPROOF PROTECTION
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REPSIRATION AND CIRCULATION
SPIRACLES-air enters body through these openings
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REPSIRATION AND CIRCULATION
SPIRACLES-air enters body through these openings
TRACHEA-tubes there air travels from spiracles to bloodstream
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REPSIRATION AND CIRCULATION
SPIRACLES-air enters body through these openings
TRACHEA-tubes there air travels from spiracles to bloodstream
Aquatic arthropods breath with gills
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REPSIRATION AND CIRCULATION
SPIRACLES-air enters body through these openings
TRACHEA-tubes there air travels from spiracles to bloodstream
Aquatic arthropods breath with gills OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
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REPSIRATION AND CIRCULATION SPIRACLES-air enters body through these
openings TRACHEA-tubes there air travels from
spiracles to bloodstream Aquatic arthropods breath with gills OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Terrestrial arthropods breath with BOOK
LUNGS
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FEEDING/DIGESTION/EXCRETION
Many mouthparts/appendages for taking in food
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FEEDING/DIGESTION/EXCRETION
Many mouthparts/appendages for taking in food
MALPIGHIAN TUBULES-excretory system of arthropods-
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FEEDING/DIGESTION/EXCRETION
Many mouthparts/appendages for taking in food
MALPIGHIAN TUBULES-excretory system of arthropods-
Waste leaves through anus
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COMPOUND EYE Composed of thousands of individual visual
units
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COMPOUND EYE Composed of thousands of individual visual
units SOME also have simple eyes (single
lenses)-see only light and dark, not images
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LIFE CYCLE Most reproduce sexually
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LIFE CYCLE Most reproduce sexually Usually internal fertilization
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LIFE CYCLE Most reproduce sexually Usually internal fertilization Many have specialized reproductive organs
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LIFE CYCLE Most reproduce sexually Usually internal fertilization Many have specialized reproductive organs MOLTING-shedding of exoskeleton to allow
for growth
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GROUPS OF ARTHROPODS 4 main groups (SUBPHYLA of phyla
ARTHROPODA)
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GROUPS OF ARTHROPODS 4 main groups (SUBPHYLA of phyla
ARTHROPODA) HEXAPOD-insects
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GROUPS OF ARTHROPODS 4 main groups (SUBPHYLA of phyla
ARTHROPODA) HEXAPOD-insects MYRIAPODA-millipeds/centipedes CRUSTACEA-lobsters/shrimp
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GROUPS OF ARTHROPODS 4 main groups (SUBPHYLA of phyla
ARTHROPODA) HEXAPOD-insects MYRIAPODA-millipeds/centipedes CRUSTACEA-lobsters/shrimp CHELICERATA-spiders
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GROUPS OF ARTHROPODS 4 main groups (SUBPHYLA of phyla
ARTHROPODA) HEXAPOD-insects MYRIAPODA-millipeds/centipedes CRUSTACEA-lobsters/shrimp CHELICERATA-spiders SEE PG. 705!!!
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GROUPS OF ARTHROPODS 4 main groups (SUBPHYLA of phyla
ARTHROPODA) HEXAPOD-insects MYRIAPODA-millipeds/centipedes CRUSTACEA-lobsters/shrimp CHELICERATA-spiders SEE PG. 705!!!
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SUCCESS OF ARTHROPODS More arthropods than all other animal
groups COMBINED
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SUCCESS OF ARTHROPODS More arthropods than all other animal
groups COMBINED More than 5 million species identified (and
growing)
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SUCCESS OF ARTHROPODS More arthropods than all other animal
groups COMBINED More than 5 million species identified (and
growing) Exoskeleton provides protection (land and
water)
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SUCCESS OF ARTHROPODS More arthropods than all other animal
groups COMBINED More than 5 million species identified (and
growing) Exoskeleton provides protection (land and
water) Wide range of food sources and habitats
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ARACHNIDS SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA (spiders,
scorpions, mites, ticks and horseshoe crabs)
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ARACHNIDS SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA (spiders,
scorpions, mites, ticks and horseshoe crabs)
Have appendages called CHELICERAE (1st pair of appendages specialized for feeding) Modified into pincers or fangs
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ARACHNIDS SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA (spiders,
scorpions, mites, ticks and horseshoe crabs) Have appendages called CHELICERAE (1st pair
of appendages specialized for feeding) Modified into pincers or fangs
PEDIPALPS-2nd pair of appendages-catch and handle prey
4 pair of WALKING LEGS
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ARACHNIDS SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA (spiders,
scorpions, mites, ticks and horseshoe crabs) Have appendages called CHELICERAE (1st pair
of appendages specialized for feeding) Modified into pincers or fangs
PEDIPALPS-2nd pair of appendages-catch and handle prey
4 pair of WALKING LEGS
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ARACHNIDS SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA (spiders,
scorpions, mites, ticks and horseshoe crabs) Have appendages called CHELICERAE (1st pair
of appendages specialized for feeding) Modified into pincers or fangs
PEDIPALPS-2nd pair of appendages-catch and handle prey
4 pair of WALKING LEGS No antennae CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest)
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ARACHNIDS SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA (spiders, scorpions, mites,
ticks and horseshoe crabs) Have appendages called CHELICERAE (1st pair of
appendages specialized for feeding) Modified into pincers or fangs
PEDIPALPS-2nd pair of appendages-catch and handle prey 4 pair of WALKING LEGS No antennae CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest) ABDOMEN (belly)
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ARACHNIDS SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA (spiders, scorpions, mites,
ticks and horseshoe crabs) Have appendages called CHELICERAE (1st pair of
appendages specialized for feeding) Modified into pincers or fangs
PEDIPALPS-2nd pair of appendages-catch and handle prey 4 pair of WALKING LEGS No antennae CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest) ABDOMEN (belly) ARACHNIDS-largest class
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ARACHNIDS SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA (spiders, scorpions, mites,
ticks and horseshoe crabs) Have appendages called CHELICERAE (1st pair of
appendages specialized for feeding) Modified into pincers or fangs
PEDIPALPS-2nd pair of appendages-catch and handle prey 4 pair of WALKING LEGS No antennae CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest) ABDOMEN (belly) ARACHNIDS-largest class
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CLASS ARACHNIDA All (except some mites) are carnivores
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CLASS ARACHNIDA All (except some mites) are carnivores Most terrestrial
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CLASS ARACHNIDA All (except some mites) are carnivores Most terrestrial Don’t have jaws (consume only liquid food)
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CLASS ARACHNIDA All (except some mites) are carnivores Most terrestrial Don’t have jaws (consume only liquid food) Enzymes turn prey into liquid (see pg. 710-
711)
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CLASS ARACHNIDA All (except some mites) are carnivores Most terrestrial Don’t have jaws (consume only liquid food) Enzymes turn prey into liquid (see pg. 710-
711) Most do more good than harm (predators of
insects)
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SPIDERS Chelicerae of spiders modified into fangs
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SPIDERS Chelicerae of spiders modified into fangs Poison glands secrete toxins
(kills/paralyzes prey)
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SPIDERS Chelicerae of spiders modified into fangs Poison glands secrete toxins
(kills/paralyzes prey) 2 poisonous species in US
BLACK WIDOW BROWN RECLUSE
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SPIDERS Chelicerae of spiders modified into fangs Poison glands secrete toxins
(kills/paralyzes prey) 2 poisonous species in US
BLACK WIDOW BROWN RECLUSE
SPINNERETS-appendages at end of abdomen-secrete sticky silk strands
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BROWN RECLUSE
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BLACK WIDOW
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BLACK WIDOW VIDEO
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SCORIONS/MITES/TICKS SCORPIONS-segmented abdomen
ending in venomous stinger Grasping pincers-seizing food and sexual
reproduction
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SCORIONS/MITES/TICKS SCORPIONS-segmented abdomen
ending in venomous stinger Grasping pincers-seizing food and sexual
reproduction MITES/TICKS-head, thorax and abdomen
fused into single unsegmented body Most not harmful Can spread viral/fungal infections (ex. Lyme’s
disease)
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SCORIONS/MITES/TICKS SCORPIONS-segmented abdomen ending in
venomous stinger Grasping pincers-seizing food and sexual reproduction
MITES/TICKS-head, thorax and abdomen fused into single unsegmented body Most not harmful Can spread viral/fungal infections (ex. Lyme’s disease)
HORSESHOE CRAB- Ancient group of invertebrates (400 million years)
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SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA Most marine, some fresh water
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SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA Most marine, some fresh water CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest) and
ABDOMEN
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SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA Most marine, some fresh water CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest) and
ABDOMEN Appendages on abdomen
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SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA Most marine, some fresh water CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest) and
ABDOMEN Appendages on abdomen Have mandibles for feeding and two
antennae
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SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA Most marine, some fresh water CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest) and
ABDOMEN Appendages on abdomen Have mandibles for feeding and two
antennae Breathe with gills
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SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA Most marine, some fresh water CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest) and ABDOMEN Appendages on abdomen Have mandibles for feeding and two antennae Breathe with gills CARAPACE-exoskeleton of cephalothorax
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SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA Most marine, some fresh water CEPHALOTHORAX (head chest) and ABDOMEN Appendages on abdomen Have mandibles for feeding and two antennae Breathe with gills CARAPACE-exoskeleton of cephalothorax NAUPLIUS-larval form (molts to become adult)
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TERRESTRIAL CRUSTACEANS Sand fleas, isopods, land crabs (only
PARTIALLY adapted for land-tied to ocean)
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AQUATIC CRUSTACEANS Fairy shrimp, water fleas, copepods (most
abundant multicelled food source), krill, barnacles (sessile),
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AQUATIC CRUSTACEANS Fairy shrimp, water fleas, copepods (most
abundant multicelled food source), krill, barnacles (sessile),
DECAPODS-crayfish, crabs, lobsters (5 pair legs)
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AQUATIC CRUSTACEANS Fairy shrimp, water fleas, copepods (most
abundant multicelled food source), krill, barnacles (sessile),
DECAPODS-crayfish, crabs, lobsters (5 pair legs) CARAPACE-’hood’ over cephalothorax
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AQUATIC CRUSTACEANS Fairy shrimp, water fleas, copepods (most
abundant multicelled food source), krill, barnacles (sessile),
DECAPODS-crayfish, crabs, lobsters (5 pair legs) CARAPACE-’hood’ over cephalothorax LARVA=nauplius (MOLTS several times to allow
for growth)
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AQUATIC CRUSTACEANS Fairy shrimp, water fleas, copepods (most
abundant multicelled food source), krill, barnacles (sessile),
DECAPODS-crayfish, crabs, lobsters (5 pair legs) CARAPACE-’hood’ over cephalothorax LARVA=nauplius (MOLTS several times to allow for
growth) FOOD CHAIN-fairy shrimp, water fleas, krill
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AQUATIC CRUSTACEANS Fairy shrimp, water fleas, copepods (most
abundant multicelled food source), krill, barnacles (sessile),
DECAPODS-crayfish, crabs, lobsters (5 pair legs) CARAPACE-’hood’ over cephalothorax LARVA=nauplius (MOLTS several times to allow for
growth) FOOD CHAIN-fairy shrimp, water fleas, krill SESSILE-barnacles
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DECAPODS LARGEST GROUP OF CRUSTACEANS
CHELIPEDS-pinchers
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DECAPODS LARGEST GROUP OF CRUSTACEANS
Shrimp, crayfish, crab, lobsters CHELIPEDS-pinchers SWIMMERETS-swimming legs on ventral
abdomen
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DECAPODS LARGEST GROUP OF CRUSTACEANS
Shrimp, crayfish, crab, lobsters CHELIPEDS-pinchers SWIMMERETS-swimming legs on ventral abdomen UROPOD-flattened tail on posterior end (swim
backwards)