Electronic Supplementary Information

3D Red Phosphorus/Sheared CNT Sponge for High Performance

Lithium-ion Battery Anodes

Figure S1 BJH pore size distribution plots and nitrogen adsorption-desorption

isotherm (insert) of (a) pristine SCNT sponges, (b) P-SCNT composite.

Figure S2 FE-SEM images of (a) pristine SCNT sponges and (b) P/SCNT mixture

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from mechanical grinding.

Figure S3 The TG curves of P-SCNT composite at the temperature range from 30 to

800 oC under Ar atmosphere with a heating rate of 10 oC min-1.

The TGA profile of the P-SCNT composite shows two-step weight loss. In the first

step, an onset weight loss takes place at around 400-480 °C with a weight loss of

~14.1 %. The temperature range is identical to that of sublimation of red P molecules

[1]. So this step corresponds to the sublimation of red P deposition on the surface of

SCNT. The second weight loss ranging from 500 to around 600 °C releases the rest of

red P (~21.8 %), which is associated with the extraction of the carbon bounded red P

molecules. The two-step P releasing result is similar to behavior of the high

temperature S incorporated into porous carbon [2].

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Figure S4 XRD patterns of the red P, pristine SCNT sponges, P/SCNT mixture and P-

SCNT composite.

Figure S5 Initial three discharge/charge profiles of the P/SCNT mixture at a current

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density of 100 mA g-1.

Figure S6 Long cycling life and corresponding coulombic efficiency of the P-SCNT

electrode at a current rate of 2.0 A g-1.

Figure S7 TEM image of P-SCNT electrode after 3000 cycles (inset: locally

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magnified image).

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References

[1] Y. Zhu, Y. Wen, X. Fan, T. Gao, F. Han, C. Luo, S.C. Liou, C. Wang, Red

phosphorus-single-walled carbon nanotube composite as a superior anode for sodium

ion batteries, ACS nano, 9 (2015) 3254-3264.

[2] S. Zheng, Y. Wen, Y. Zhu, Z. Han, J. Wang, J. Yang, C. Wang, In situ sulfur

reduction and intercalation of graphite oxides for Li-S battery cathodes, Adv. Energy

Mater., 4 (2014) 1400482.

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