areas of computing study. artificial intelligence databases and data science human-centered...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Areas of Computing Study
![Page 2: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Artificial Intelligence• Databases and Data Science• Human-Centered Computing• Networking • Information Security• System Software• Software Engineering• Theoretical Computer Science• COMPUTER VISION
![Page 3: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Computer Architeture
• What is computer architecture?– How does it work?
• Three Categories of Computer Architecture– System design, instruction set architecture (ISA), and
Microarchitecture• Computer Architecture’s four main components
– Structure, organization, implementation, and performance
• Von Neumann architecture
11/4/2014Computer
Architecture 3
![Page 4: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is Computer Architecture?
• Computer architecture is a set of rules that discusses a computer system by talking about its parts and their relations. – Shows how the CPU acts and how it uses the computer memory
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PoRzVRIu_I
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 4
![Page 5: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Computer Architects
• Computer architects study and use computers to create better and more powerful computers we use every day– Architects study the three categories and the
four main components of computer architecture
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 5
![Page 6: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Three Categories of Computer Architecture
• System design – Instruction set architecture (ISA)• Microarchitecture
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 6
![Page 7: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Computer Architecture’s Four Main Components
• Four Components:– Structure –Organization– Implementation –Performance
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture
7
![Page 8: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Structure
Performance
Organization
Implementation
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 8
![Page 9: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
IBM Computer Architecture Projects
Current Projects
Completed Projects
Total Projects
9 12 23
11/4/2014Computer
Architecture 9
![Page 10: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
http://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/view_group.php?id=1894
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 10
![Page 11: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
System Design
• Includes all hardware components in the system, as well as data processors with the CPU, such as, graphics processing unit and direct memory access– System design also includes:
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 11
![Page 12: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
• Instruction Set Architecture is the embedded programming language of the central processing unit
• ISA defines the CPU’s functions and abilities based on what programming it can perform– These programs can include the word size,
processor register types, memory addressing modes, data formats and the instruction set that programmers use
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 12
![Page 13: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Microarchitecture• AKA computer organization• Microarchitecture defines the paths of
data, data processing and storage elements, as well as how they should be put into the ISA
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture
13
![Page 14: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Structure & Organization
• Structures:– the static arrangements of parts
• Organization:– the overall interaction of the computer parts
and what they control
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 14
![Page 15: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Implementation & Performance
• Implementation:– the overall design of the computers building
blocks
• Performance:– the behavioral study of the system or of
some of its components
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture
15
![Page 16: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Von Neumann Architecture
• Von Neumann architecture is the most popular type of computer architecture and is still used by most computers today. It started in 1945 by the mathematician Jon Von Neumann, and it describes the design of an electronic computer with its CPU, which includes the arithmetic logic unit, control unit, registers, memory for data and instructions, an input/output interface and external storage functions
• https://www.csupomona.edu/~hnriley/www/VonN.html
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 16
![Page 17: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
IBM Computer Architecture Projects
“At its core, IBM is a computer company; and IBM researchers have made seminal contributions to the computer architecture field.”– Current Projects:
• Blue Gene• Compiler Technology for Scalable Architectures• Mambo• POWER7.• Power-aware design
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 17
![Page 18: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
IBM’s Completed Projects
• Deep Blue– IBM's Deep Blue computer beat the human world chess champion in
the year 1997. Now the technology is being applied to other areas.• Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW)
– The IBM VLIW research project resulted in a hardware prototype, three generations of research compilers, and many publications and patents.
• ASCI White Blue Pacific– IBM's scalable multiprocessor systems offer many areas of fruitful
research. IBM Research recently contributed to the Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative's White and Blue Pacific supercomputers.
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 18
![Page 19: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Summary
Computer Architecture is a set of rules that discusses a computer system by talking about its parts and their relations. There are three different categories for computer architecture: System design, instruction set architecture (ISA), and Microarchitecture. There are also four main components such as, structure, organization, implementation, and performance. And the most popular type of computer architecture is Von Neumann Architecture which was started in 1945 by the mathematician Jon Von Neumann. Many modern computer companies work on various projects involving computer architecture today.
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture
19
![Page 20: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Questions
• Name one of the four main components in computer architecture.
Structure, organization, implementation, or performance
• What is the most popular type of computer architecture?
Von Neumann Architecture
11/4/2014 Computer Architecture 20
![Page 21: Areas of Computing Study. Artificial Intelligence Databases and Data Science Human-Centered Computing Networking Information Security System Software](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c2643e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
References
• https://www.csupomona.edu/~hnriley/www/VonN.html
• http://www.techopedia.com/definition/26757/computer-architecture
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_architecture
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PoRzVRIu_I
11/4/2014Computer
Architecture 21