architecture humanities

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CHAPTER 9 Architecture

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includes definition of architecture, role of architect, theories, historical trace, types, cultural meaning and challenges facing phil. architecture. from Art appreciation: looking beyond by pasagui et al.

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Page 1: Architecture humanities

CHAPTER 9

Architecture

Page 2: Architecture humanities

I. Definition of Architecture

“architectura” “arkitekton”

“master builder” “chief” or “leader”

“carpenter”

Architecture is the art of designing structures.

Page 3: Architecture humanities

II. The Role of Architect

The architect is to be concerned with the following:1.Construction2.Articulation3.Aesthetics

Ernest Gardner. “The role of the architect is constantly evolving.”

Page 4: Architecture humanities

III. Theory of Architecture

“A good building should satisfy the principles of firmitatis utilitatis venustatis.”

• DURABILITY – it should stand up robustly and remain in good condition.

• UTILITY – it should be useful; and function well for the people using it.

• BEAUTY – it should delight people, and raise their spirits.

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Is this a work of an architecture?

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“You employ stone, wood, and concrete, and with these materials

you build houses and palaces: that is construction. Ingenuity is at work. But suddenly you touch my heart, you do me good. I am happy and I

say: This is beautiful. That is Architecture.”

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IV. Brief Historical Trace of Architecture

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A. GREEK ARCHITECTURE

1. Cretan Period

2. Mycenaean Period

3. Classic Greek

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CRETAN PERIOD

Palace of King Minos.

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MYCENAEAN PERIOD

“cyclopean walls”

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CLASSIC GREEK

“Sacred Rock” of Athens

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B. ROMAN ARCHITECTURE

Collosseum

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Pantheon

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Nimes

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amphitheaters

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C. BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE

Dome of St. Peter's Basilica

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Hagia Sophia church

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D. ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

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E. GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE

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F. RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE

The Duomo, Florence

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G. 19th CENTURY ARCHITECTURE

Manchester, Reform Club (former), King Street

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H. CURRENT TRENDS

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V. Modern Concepts of Architecture

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“Though its aesthetic dimension architecture goes beyond the

functional aspects that it has in common with other human

sciences (Nunzia Rondanini).”

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“The values and attitudes which underly modern architecture differ

both between the schools of thoughts, which influence architecture and between

individual practicing architects (Ivar Holm).”

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VI. Architectural Planning

Orientation Design

Fenestration Walls Color

Material and Techniques

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VII. Types of Architecture According to Function

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A. DOMESTIC

Houses

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B. RECREATIONAL

“Sabungan”

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C. COMMERCIAL

Sari-sari store Mall of Asia

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D. RELIGIOUS

Chapel Cathedral

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E. MILITARY OR DEFENSE

Lighthouse Watchtower

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F. FACTORIES

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VIII. Cultural Meaning of Architecture

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“Architects help bring meaning to the material

world by shaping our understanding of where and

how we are (Geronimo Manahan).”

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“Language of architecture in our cybernetic age,

besides using the language of classical architecture and

that of the modern architecture, looks at

interconnectedness and symbiosis (Geronimo

Manahan).”

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IX. Challenges Confronting the Philippine Architecture

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Jai Alai Building

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Walls of Intramuros

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St. Cecilia’s Hall

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Museo Ilocos Norte in Laoag

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X. Redefining the Boundaries of the Philippine Architecture

Alcazaren believes that the year 2000 was a benchmark year for the Philippine

Architecture.

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Ninoy Aquino International Airport

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Towers in our city

Page 45: Architecture humanities