R.I.M.T COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE MANDI GOBINDGARH

THEORY OF DESIGN

AR. PAUL RUDOLPH

SUBMITTED TO:

AR. J.M DUGGAL

SUBMITTED BY:

KAMAL KISHOR ISHA GARG JAWANT SINGH HARSHPREET SINGH

AR. JOHNSON PAUL RUDOLPH

BORN : OCTOBER 23, 1918 IN ELKTON, KENTUCKY. FATHER : METHODIST MINISTER AND LEAD A MOBILE LIFE. MASTER’S DEGREE COMPLETION : AUBURN UNIVERSITY (1935 TO 1940). JOB : IN OFFICE OF K.B.KUERIN. 1940 -1943 STUDY : - STUDIED UNDER WALTER GROPIUS AT HARVARD GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN ( IN 1940 ).

- SERVED IN U.S. NAVY AS OFFICE INCHARGE OF SHIP CONSTRUCTION (1943 -1946).

-APPOINTED CHAIRMAN OF SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AT YALE UNIVERSITY (1958 -1965).

philosophy

HE WAS ONE OF THE MOST INFLUENTIAL AMERICAN ARCHITECTS OF MID 20TH CENTURY CREATINHG BUILDINGS THAT WERE OFTEN CHARACTERIZED BY BOLDLY CONTRASTING MASSES, COMPLEXLY INTERLOCKING SPACES & INNOVATIVE SURFACES.

IN HIS DESIGN, HE SYNTHESIS THE MODERNICT IDEAS OF LE CORBUSIER,F.L.WRIGHT,LOUIS I.KAHN.

HE USES SWEEPING MONOLITHIC FORMS & INTRICATE INTERIOR SPACE TO CREATE A POWERFUL SCULPTURAL QUALITY. DESIGN PRINCIPLES MAY BE APPLIED TO ANY SITUATION WHERE THERE IS A GOAL.

THE INTERIOR ARE DYNAMIC, PLAYING WITH LIGHT & SHADOW, DRAMA & ABSTACTION.

philosophy IN HIS EARLY CAREER HE DEVELOPED A SERIES OF HOSE THAT REPRESENT MODERNISM,WITH THEIR DISTINCTIVE NATURAL LANDSCAPE,LOCAL ARCHITECTURAL PRECEDENT & EXPLOITATION OF INNOVATIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS.

HE USES SWEEPING MONOLITHIC FORMS & INTRICATE INTERIOR SPACE TO CREATE A POWERFUL SCULPTURAL QUALITY.

IN HIS EARLY CAREER HE DEVELOPED A SERIES OF HOSE THAT REPRESENT MODERNISM,WITH THEIR DISTINCTIVE NATURAL LANDSCAPE,LOCAL ARCHITECTURAL PRECEDENT & EXPLOITATION OF INNOVATIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS.

DESIGN IS A PROCESS WITH MANY APPLICATION. HIS BUILDINGS ARE NOTABLE FOR CREATIVE & UNPREDICTABLE DESIGN THAT APPEAL STRONGLY TO SENSE.

MATERIALS

CONCRETE PLASTIC SHEET FOR FAÇADE STEEL FOR CONSTRUCTION

GLASS FOR RESIDENCES AND COMMERCIAL FAÇADE

CATENARY ROOFING

CABLE STRUCTURE

WORKS ART AND ARCHITECTURE

WALKER GUEST HOUSE

RIVER HIGH SCHOOL

HALEY GUEST HOUSE

BLUE CROSS - BLUE SHEILD HEADQUARTERS

MILAM HOUSE

HEALY GUEST HOUSE

BUILDING: HEALY GUEST HOUSE ARCHITECT: PAUL RUDOLPH, RALPH TWITCHELL TIME-PERIOD: 1948-1949 LOCATION: FLORIDA(U.S.A) CLIMATE: WARM CONSTRUCTION TYPE: POST AND BEAM WITH CATENARY TENSILE ROOF STYLE: MODERN CONTEXT: WATER-FRONT AREA : 735 SQUARE FEET

Planning

BATHROOM

OPEN KITCHEN DINING AREA AND AND DRAWING ROOM

LIVING ROOM

PORCH

STUDY ROOM

WATER FRONT

FOUR ROOM DIVSIONS WITH PORCH AND BALCONY ON WATERFRONT RECTANGULAR PLANNING HAVING 735 SQ. FEET AREA USED PILE FOUNDATION AS FOR WATER FRONT AREA

MATERIALS & CONSTRUCTION

CATENARY TENSILE ROOF SPAN 22 FEET LONG

FLAT STEEL BAR ( 12 INCHES)

JALOUSIE WINDOW

GLASS WINDOW AND DOOR

USED PILED FOUNDATION TO SUPPORT THE STRUCTURE ON WATER FRONT. CATENARY ROOF IS MADE OF PLATIC SHEET. CATENARY ROOF WAS CURVED AND SPAN 22 FEET LONG. FLAT STEEL BARS USED 12 INCHES TO SUPPORT ROOF.

GLASS AND WINDOWS USED FOR OUTDOOR ENVIROMENT.

JALSOUIE WINDOW USED THAT IS WINDOW WITH FLAT WOOD SLATES STACKED AT AN ANGLE FOR AIR AND VENTILATION AS WELL AS CONTROLS GLARE OF SUNLIGHT. CABLES USED TO TIE BEAMS AND COLUMNS TO GROUND TO SUPPORT CATENARY ROOF.

CABLES TIED TO GROUND

GROUND SIDE VIEW

HEALY GUEST HOUSE

SHOWING JALOSUIE WINDOWS

BALCONY FACING SEA SIDE

MATERIALS

HE USED A TENT-LIKE FABRIC SPRAYED WITH SARAN VINYL PLASTIC TO PREVENT WATER SEEPAGE.

THE USE OF THIS MATERIAL RESULTED IN THIS STRUCTURE BEING REFFERED TO AS COCOON HOUSE. HANGING CATENARY ROOF MADE UP OF PLASTIC SHEET.

RUDOLPH USED JALOUSIE WINDOWS WHICH ENABLED THE BREEZE TO FLOW INTO HOUSE

HEALY GUEST HOUSE

GROUND SIDE ELEVATION

SEA SIDE ELEVATION SEA SIDE VIEW GROUND SIDE VIEW

DRAWING ROOM TO SEA VIEW

Art & architecture building

BUILDING: ART & ARCHITECTURE BUILDING ARCHITECT: PAUL RUDOLPH TIME-PERIOD: 1959-1963 LOCATION: NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT CLIMATE: TEMPRATE CONSTRUCTION TYPE: CONCRETE BUILDING TYPE: UNIVERSITY BUILDING STYLE: MODERN CONTEXT: URBAN CAMPUS

BUILDING FORM: RUGGED CUBOID FORMS

PLANNING

1. LIBRARIAN OFFICE

2. READING AREA

3. LIBRARY

4. LIFTS

5. TOILETS

6. ARCHITECTS ARCHIVES

7. STUDIO

8. ENTRANCE

PLANNING SCHEDULE

The dramatic entrance to the building is up a narrow flight of steps that penetrate deeply into the mass of the main volume, between it and the main vertical circulation tower.

This has become Rudolph's favorite treatment for exposed concrete surfaces, because, apart from being an interesting surface, it controls staining and minimizes the effect of discoloration inherent in concrete.

Internally the building is organized around a central core space defined by four large concrete slab columns that, similar to the external towers, are hollow to accommodate mechanical services.

On two sunken levels, sculpture and basic design studios encircle a central auditorium, the approach to which is rather torturous and obscure.

PLANNING SCHEDULE

Painting and graphic art studios are on the top two levels, with an open terrace for sketching.

Finally, there is a penthouse apartment for guest critics, that also has its own terrace

At street level, the library occupies a single storey side.

Above this, with the possibility of looking down into the reading area, is a two-story central exhibition hall, with administrative offices on its mezzanine, and a central, sunken jury pit.

Sectional view

Side view

WALKER GUEST HOUSE

DESIGNER : PAUL RUDOLPH

LOCATION : SANIBEL ISLAND, FLORIDA, USA

DATE : 1952

BUILDING TYPE : HOUSE

CLIMATE : SEMI-TROPICAL

CONTEXT : RURAL SEASIDE

ARCHITECTURAL STYLE :

MODERN

NOTES : LARGE LOUVERED SHADING FLAPS HANG FROM EXTERNAL LIGHT WOOD FRAME

PLANNING

B

C

D

E

A A. PORCH

B. LIVING AREA

C. KITCHEN & DINING

D. BEDROOM

E. OPEN LOBBY

WORKING VIEW

HANGING BALL FOR ROOF STRETCH SUPPORT

STEEL COLUMN SUPPORT

CABLES TO PULL UP WALL TO ROOF SHED

GLASS WALL

HOUSE VIEW

TECHNIQUES

TWO BAYS ON EACH SIDE OF THIS GUEST COTTAGE ARE FILLED WITH PIVOTING PANELS WHICH FUNCTION AS

THE ENCLOSING WALL,

THE VENTILATING ELEMENT,

THE SHADING DEVICE, AND

THE HURRICANE SHELTER.

THE THIRD BAY IS FILLED WITH GLASS, TO ADMIT LIGHT AND [PROVIDE] SPLENDID VIEWS. WHEN THE PANELS ARE CLOSED, THE PAVILION IS SNUG AND CAVE-LIKE — WHEN OPEN, THE SPACE PSYCHOLOGICALLY CHANGES, AND ONE IS VIRTUALLY IN THE LANDSCAPE."

VIEW FROM SIDES

RIVER HIGH SCHOOL

RIVER HIGH SCHOOL, SARASOTA,FLORIDA(1957-58)

• SET IN THE MIDST OF A GROOVE OF PINE TREES, THE RIVER HIGH SCHOOL REPRESENT THE ADAPTATION OF SKILLS DERIVED FROM NAVY/ SMALL-HOUSE PRACTICE TO THE LARGER SETTING OF A COMMUNITY OF BUILDING.

• THE LIGHTNESS AND TRANSPARENCY OF THE WHOLE STRUCTURE DERIVES FROM THE USE OF A SLENDER STEEL FRAME FREELY PENETRATED BY HORIZONTAL PASSAGE INTENDED TO FACILITATE THE VENTILATION OF THE ENTIRE BUILDING.

• LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE ‘BRISE SOLIEL’ ARE SUSPENDED FROM THE STEEL STRUCTURE TO AID ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL.

• THE STEEL STRUCTURE IS PAINTED DARK BROWN, WHILST THE REMAINDER OF THE INFILL PANELS ARE OF WHITE CONCRETE OF LIGHT COLOURED BRICKS.

PLANNING

SIDE VIEWS

BLUE CROSS SHEILD QUARTERS

DESIGNER : PAUL RUDOLPH

LOCATION : BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, USA

DATE : 1957 TO 1960

BUILDING : TYPE

OFFICE

CLIMATE : MILD TEMPERATE

CONTEXT : URBAN

ARCHITECTURAL STYLE :

MODERN

STREET ADDRESS :

133 FEDERAL STREET

NOTES : 13 STORIES HIGH

WORKS METHOD

THIS FREE STANDING OFFICE TOWER EMPLOYS A MORE VERTICAL VERSION OF Y-COLUMNS.

PART OF THE AVAILABLE SITE WAS TURNED OVER TO THE CITY AS PUBLIC SPACE AND THE FORECOURT WAS USED BY NEIGHBOURING WORKERS DURING LUNCH HOURS.

THIS OPEN AREA IS PUNCTUATED BY SKYLIGHTS GIVING DAYLIGHT TO THE BASEMENT CAFETERIA.

THE TWIN CONCRETE COLUMNS WHICH SPRING FROM THE ARMS OF Y-SHAPED COLUMNS AT GROUND N FIRST FLOOR LEVELS CARRY AIR CONDITIONING DUCTS, WHILST THE APPARENT IMMEDIATE COLUMNS ARE IN FACT SERVICING DUCTS ENTIRELY.

THE RESULTANT LACK OF STRUCTURAL CLARITY HAS BEEN HEAVILY CRITICIZED.

BUT IT OFFERS GAINS IN TERMA OF SERVICING BY MEANS OF THE ELIMINATION OF CROSS DUCTS AS WELL AS REDUCING THE EFFECTIVE DEPTH BETWEEN FLOOR N CEILING (INCORPRATING TWO ADDITIONAL STORIES IN THE ORIGINAL HEIGHT LIMIT.

MILAM GUEST HOUSE

BUILDING: MILAM HOUSE

ARCHITECT: PAUL RUDOLPH

TIME-PERIOD: 1960-1962

LOCATION: JACKONVILLE,FLORIDA (U.S.A)

BUILDING TYPE: SINGLE FAMILY HOUSE

CONSTRUCTION TYPE: CONCRETE CORE SIMPLE STRUCTURE EXPOSED CONCRETE FACADE

SECTION AND FACADE

REAR FACADE

SECTION

PAUL RUDOLPH, A MASTERFUL FORM-GIVER AND PRODUCED EYE-POPPING MILAM HOUSE.

ITS CUBISTIC FORMS DID NOT DEPENDS ON LONG-SPAN, BUT GENERATED ENORMOUS SCULPTURAL INTERSET.

USING THE SIMPLEST MATERIALS: FLAT SLAB AND CONCRETE BLOCK. VIGOROUS MANIPULATION OF SPACE.

THE EXTERIOR OF THE HOUSE IS DOMINATED BY POWERFUL COMPOSITION OF RECTANGLES FORMING A SUNSHADE ACROSS THE REAR FACADE.

THE SPIRIT OF THIS WALL IS CONTINUED ON TO THE INTERIOR OF THE HOUSE,WHERE FLOORS ARE ARRANGED ON SEVEN DIFFERENT LEVELS.

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