arcgis overview

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Introduction to theIntroduction to theArchitecture of ArcGISArchitecture of ArcGIS

..

Introduction to GIS

By-Gaurav AgrawalSch. No.-092110208

Branch Remote Sensing & GISIn guidance of:Dr. S.K. KatiyarDr. P.K. Singh

MANIT, Bhopal( M.P.)


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What is ArcGIS?What is ArcGIS?

ArcGIS Desktop is a software product from ESRI

It comes in three versions:

ArcView basic desktop package , $ ArcEditor ArcView +Advanced editing, $$

ArcInfo ArcEditor + Comprehensive Geoprocessing, $$$

We are using ArcInfo

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Components of Arc GISComponents of Arc GIS

All installation levels of Arc GIS come with

ArcMap (now includes toolbox in Arc 9.0)

ArcCatalog

ArcInfo installation

ArcInfo Workstation

ArcReader

ArcObjects Developer Tools

ArcScene

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Components of Arc GISComponents of Arc GIS How do you access these?

Go to the start menu>>programs>>ArcGIS

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ArcCatalogArcCatalogfor organizing and managing spatial and tabular data

This button allows you to connect to a local folder or anetwork place

Introduction to GIS

Main menuStandard Toolbar

Catalog display

Catalog tree


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Arc CatalogArc CatalogIntroduction to GIS

Once youve mappedyour network drive, youcan open an Arc Catalogconnection to it, or to asubfolder in it


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Arc CatalogArc CatalogFor instance, here are the contents of my nr143folder on my Z: account, which I made a connectionto:

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Arc CatalogArc CatalogThere are five types of data shown here

Introduction to GIS

Geodatabase

Tabular data

Shapefile

Arc Map

Project file

Coverage


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Data typesData types

Shapefile: native file format for the ArcView 3.x;

Coverage: native file format for old ArcInfo 7.x Is

not a file, but a complex directory structure Dbase/tabular data: non-spatial data table that can

be used in a GIS, spreadsheet or database--.dbf

Map document: a project fileit stores your mapview and preferences in ArcGIS

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Data typesData typesGeodatabase: This is ArcGISs new data model for storing geographic information

It can contain any number of layers within it, known as

feature classes. Shapefile have only one feature classAs an example, here is a geodatabase with three layers,as seen in Arc Catalog

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Feature classesFeature classesIn a geodatabase there are features classes for

points, lines and areas (polygons) as well as for rasters (surfaces), annotation (labels) and dimensions

Introduction to GIS

Annotation class: stores info about displayinglabels on a map layer; important for roads and

utilities

Polygon, or area feature classLine, or arc feature class


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Feature datasetFeature dataset Feature dataset: a thematic grouping of featureclasses

Feature classes can be stand alone

Introduction to GIS

Feature datasets

Feature classes


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GeodatabaseGeodatabaseGeodatabases offer numerous advantages:

Multiple spatial layers and non-spatial data sources can be stored in a single file and organized thematically

Rules can be easily defined that can apply to all classes

These rules can include relationships between layers

For instance if you have one subclass with water lines

and one with water valves, you can ensure that if youmove a water line, the water valve that connects that linewill move as well, or it ensures that, say, if the materialattribute for a water line is set to copper, the water valvesthat connect to it will also be copper

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GeodatabaseGeodatabaseOther advantages:

Spatial layers maintain the same measurement andgeographic reference systems, because new layers added to

the geodatabase can inherent properties of existing ones Labeling behavior can be stored as an annotationfeature class, making it easier to keep labels consistent

Domains can be established, which specify the validranges of values for attributes, which reduces input error.

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GeodatabaseGeodatabaseTypes: Personal or multiple user

We will use personal geodatabases. These are actuallyMicrosoft Access files with the .MDB file extension.

A multi-user (SDE) geodatabase is for organizations thatwish to have many people accessing the same database.These are used with enterprise database systems, likeOracle, Informix or SQL Server

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Personal GeodatabasePersonal Geodatabase With Access you can edit and query attribute tables andmanage relationships between feature classes But it can only be viewed spatially in ArcGIS

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Arc Catalog: dataArc Catalog: data

managementmanagementArc Catalog is where you can create and modifygeodatabases.

Introduction to GIS

You can create newfeature classes, tables or relationship classes withina geodatabase

You can also importexisting shapefiles or coverages into ageodatabase or export afeature class to a shapefile


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Arc Catalog: dataArc Catalog: data

managementmanagement

Through right clicking, you can access the properties of a feature subclass and make changes tofields for the feature class attribute table

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Arc Catalog: OnlineArc Catalog: Online

datadata Arc Catalog also allows you to access some datadirectly from the Internet

It comes preloaded with a connection to theGeography Network, where many layers areavailable through the Arc Internet Map Server (IMS)service ; other Internet connections can be added

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Arc Catalog: Online dataArc Catalog: Online data

Geography

network data

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Arc Catalog:FunctionalityArc Catalog:FunctionalityArc Catalog allows you to preview geographic data,including geodatabase feature classes

Introduction to GIS

Use these buttons to

zoom and pan


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Arc Catalog:FunctionalityArc Catalog:FunctionalityYou can also preview online data sets, like thosefrom the geography network

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Arc Catalog:FunctionalityArc Catalog:Functionalityand you can preview and browse tabular attributedata

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Arc Catalog:Arc Catalog:

FunctionalityFunctionality

Preview, create and modify the metadata, or dataabout the data

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Arc Catalogstandardizes thisinformation andallows you to importand export metadata

between layers


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Arc MapArc Map Arc Map is where youll do most of your mappingand visualization of spatial data

This is the default upper tool and menu bar

Introduction to GIS

Add newlayer

Zoom tools Zoom tofullextent

Selectfeature

Findfeature

measure

Change mapsdisplay scale(zoom factor)


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Arc Map: overlaying dataArc Map: overlaying dataUsing the add data button, you can overlay anynumber of layers for which geographic referenceinformation exists.

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TOCDisplayWindow


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Arc Map: overlaying dataArc Map: overlaying dataThe window on the left side of Arc Map is the Tableof Contents, where loaded layers are listed

There are 2 modes for the TOC: display and source

Introduction to GIS

Display:note thatit gives asymbolfor thefeaturetype

Source mode:can see that thefirst 3 layers arefrom 1

geodatabase andthe fourth isfrom a standalone file

TOC


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Arc Map: propertiesArc Map: propertiesYou can access many functions by right clicking onthe layer in the TOC.

Introduction to GIS

You canaccess, editand queryattributetables froma specialinterface


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Arc Map: LayerArc Map: Layerpropertiesproperties

You can access layer properties by double clicking on thatlayer: much functionality is found there

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Arc Map: LayoutsArc Map: LayoutsArc Map can viewin two modes:

data view: for viewing,analyzing andmanipulatingdata

layout view: for laying out datafor presentation

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Arc Map: MeasurementArc Map: Measurement

UnitsUnits Map and Display units.With reference info Map units are already set; Display units are stillchangeable

Without reference info Define map units (This turns into guesswork)

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Arc Map: UnitsArc Map: UnitsOnce youve set display units, future geographicmeasurement functions should be in those units, evenif theyre different from the Map units; however, this

does not apply to non-spatial attribute valuesIf you use the ruler tool for instance, measurementswill be in the selected Display units at the bottom of the page

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Arc Map: ScaleArc Map: Scale Translation factor between one unit on the map andsame unit in the real world

map units: ground units (ratio) 1:10,000: 1 inch equals 10,000 inches in real world

Scale is a dimensionless number

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Large vs. Small ScaleLarge vs. Small Scale Large scale

Lots of detail

Shows small features

Small scale

No much detail

Shows large features

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USA

Introduction to GIS

Washington State

Clark County, Washington

highway interchangeClark County, Washington

1:21,197,708

Large vs. Small ScaleLarge vs. Small Scale

1:3,125,078

1:30,137 1:5,269


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ArcGIS: ExtensionsArcGIS: Extensions

Specialized applications

- 3D Analyst

- Spatial Analyst

- Geostatistical Analyst

- Tracking Analyst, X Tools

- Others

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ArcGIS: ExtensionsArcGIS: Extensions Activate by going to Tools>>extensions

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Arc Map: toolbarsArc Map: toolbarsWhen you load Arc Map itdefaults to a state with aminimum of toolbars. You canadd more toolbars representingmore functionality, includingextensions from the view menu.

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Arc ToolboxArc ToolboxIntroduction to GIS

Used to be a separate interface, now part of ArcMap


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Advanced Analyses

Extract

Overlay Proximity

Statistics


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Data Conversions

Change formatsfrom one file type to

another


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Data Management

A collection of tools for datamanagement


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Arc SceneArc ScenePrimarily for viewing 3D data

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Thank you Thank you

arcgis overview

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