arai india nvm_vehicle safety in india_4th aai summit china

8/18/2019 ARAI India NVM_Vehicle Safety in India_4th AAI Summit China

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4 th AAI Summit, Chongqing, China

AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH ASSO OF INDIA, PUNE [ ARAI ], India

23 rd - 25 th September 2015

Status ofVehicle Safety Considerations in India

Neelkanth MaratheSenior Deputy Director & Head

Power Train Engineering

Technical Session – II

24th

September 2015


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4 th AAI Summit, Chongqing, China23 rd - 25 th September 2015

Contents

Introduction to Indian Auto IndustryMajor development trends in Indian automotive industryStatus of vehicle safety in Indian scenarioVehicle Safety Technology perspectivesGovernment initiativesRole and contribution of ARAIConclusions

Status of Vehicle Safety Considerations in IndiaNeelkanth Marathe (ARAI Pune India)


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7.1% of India’s GDP27% of India’s Industrial GDP45% of India’s manufacturing GDP 4.3% of overall exports13% of excise revenues 8% of countries expenditure

Total investment ~ US$ 35bn29 million people direct employment27 million indirect employment

Interesting Statistics – INDIAN Automotive Industry



Indian automotive industrysignificantly contributes to Indian Economy

(source : MoHI, SIAM, ACMA, IMACS, MOSPI)


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EmissionControl

Featureenhancements

Platformconsideration

Push Green Technologiesdue to :

Increasing fuel costCrude petroleum depletion Air Quality concernsCarbon Emission control

Focus vehicle features driven by :Greater demand for Safety and Security featuresConsumer demand for seamless connectivity

Implement strategies to achieve :Economics of ScaleFaster time to MarketLarger number of Variants

MAJOR DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY




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Vehicle Safety is a fundamental need for customers

Buyers should be willing to pay for Safety features in VehiclesEffectiveness of Airbags and seatbelts – gain confidence level ofcustomersLow percentage of self-ownership and unorganised driver

environment make implementation of essential safety featuresa unique challenge in commercial vehicle segment

Indian OEMs face three-pronged challenge :



SAFER, CLEANER, FUEL-EFFICIENTbut Cost-competitive vehicles


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Indian Automotive Industry is aspired to realise VUCA concept tohappen show-up inspite of unfavourable environment worldover :

V VOLATILITY VISION

U UNCERTAINTY UNDERSTANDING

C COMPLEXITY CLARITY

A AMBIGUITY ACTION(Source : Ms Mallika Srinivasan, Chairperson & CEO – TAFE, India)




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~ 16 people die and 54 are injured every hour in India due to road accidents - Share

of fatalities was as high as 29% in Y2013137,500 fatalities recorded in Y2013 alone – one death per 3.8 minutes

More than 165,000 vehicles are stolen per year in big cities like Delhi – 3 every hour

Metro ci ties record very high accident rates. Numbers increasing in small cities and

towns. Newly built highways are witnessing increasing vehicle conflict and accidenrisks

OEMs and Vehicles users are required to jointly improve safety and security ofpassengers and vehicles

Improve reliability of Safety Features - Educate customers to increase theirwill ingness to pay for advance features

Urgent need of implementing Overall Road Safety, vehicle design features, DrivingHabits / Culture and Infrastructure development , Traffic Management , Advancenfotainment concepts, night driving aids, etc.



Vehicle Safety – What does it mean in India !


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Proportions of different types of Road Users killed in Road Accidents

(Source – World Report o n road traffic inj ury prevention , 2004)


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Road transportation is a cornerstone of India’s economic growth

Driving factors for Automotive safety

High number of accidents inadequate road infrastructure driver error vehicle overloading

fluting of traffic rules

1

Lower rated Crash worthiness of budget cars2

Rising number of stolen vehicles - 75% of 2-wheelers lack of insurance – less than 30% of registered vehicles are registered

3

Reliability of Safety Features more than 1 million cars are recalled in India because of malfunctions4

Changing customer expectationsIndian buyers increasingly want features and technologies that aid indriving convenience, visibility and safety

5

2007 2010 2013

India

China

USA

EU




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Source: World Business Council for Sustainable Development

India accounts for 6% of world deaths,though it has just 1% of vehicle population

Road Safety Scenario : Road Accidents by Region




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With modes of transport in populous India being so heterogeneous, itcomes as no surprise that traffic rules are frequently flouted and roadsafety is matter of concern.

Traffic nightmares are an everyday occurrence for the citizens ofIndia.

Over the years, traffic fatalities in India have risen with the increasein the total motor vehicle population, more than 140,000 people dieon the roads annually.

Source: http://www.iru.org/cms-filesystem- action/policies/sustainable_development/road_safety/gsrrs_en.pdf

India has ambitious plans of constructing more than 20kilometres of good roads per day.

It is proposed to make arrangements for commensuratemedical facilities while improving quality and connectivity.

As a country, which professes to endorse United Nations’

‘Safe System Approach’, India will have to collect properdata and ensure that the safety standards match those indeveloped countries.

The way forward will involve strengthening the legislationand changing the way people think to ensure that lives aresaved.




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2000 - 05

2005 - 10

2010 -15

2015- 20

ComponentType

ApprovalInstallation ofComponents on Vehicles

Alignment ofstandardswith ECERegulationsComponentCoP / Truck& Bus Safety

CrashworthinessOccupant SafetyPedestrianSafetyTruck & Bus

SafetyEMC

BS IV in 11cities & BS IIIin rest of IndiaTrem-IIIAOBD

BS II in 11cities & BS Iin rest ofIndia

CEV enginesTrem –IIGensetengines

Crash AvoidanceTechniques &Driver

AssistanceSystemsImpact ofGlobalHarmonizationNewTechnologies

BS III in 11cities, BS IIin rest ofIndia & BSIIfor 2 & 3WTrem-IIIPower tillers

CommonEmission

norms acrossthe country

Road Map For Homologation




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Indian Safety Road Map



f h l f d d


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2000 - 05 2005 - 10 2010 - 15 2015- 20

Alignment of standards with

ECE Regulations

Component CoP / Truck &

Bus Safety

Component Type Approvalfor Safety Critical CompoInstallation of SafetyCritical Components

Crashworthiness and Occupant SafetyBus Body CodeTruck and Trailer CodePedestri an SafetyEMC (for L, M, N) ABS Testing for 2W

Indian NCAPCEVs HomologationCrash Avoidance Techniques &Driver Assistance SystemsImpact of Global HarmonizationNew Technologies like ESC, etc.

Drive towards Safer Automobiles



S f V hi l S f C id i i I di


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Government is playing a major role in automotive safety along four dimensions :

Safety Regulations :A draft of ROAD TRANSPORT SAFETY BILL is expected to be rolled out soon this year.

Aim is to reduce fatalities in road accidents by 200,000 in 5 years and create 1 million jobsthrough increased investment in the transport sector.Three independent authorities are proposed :

Motor Vehicle Regulation and Road Safety Authority (Regulator) National Road Transport and Multimodal Coordination Authority (Facilitator) National Highway Traffic Regulation and Protection Force (Enforcer)

Vehicle Testing :Bharat New Vehicle Ssafety Assessment Program (BNVSAP) program has been launched to testpassenger cars in front and side crashes. Star-Safety Ratings will be provided which can beused to market the vehicles. It will be mandatory from 1 st October 2017.

Infrastructure :Improve quality of road transportation in India thru developing integrated transport systems,multimodal hubs, feeder systems, and last-mile connectivity for people-friendly mobility

Enforcement of Standards and Laws :to enforce safety along national highways employing measures such as graded penalty pointsystem with enhanced fines.



St t f V hi l S f t C id ti i I di


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Government is playing a major role in automotive safety along four dimensions :

Safety Regulations :A draft of ROAD TRANSPORT SAFETY BILL is expected to be rolled out soon this year.

Aim is to reduce fatalities in road accidents by 200,000 in 5 years and create 1 million jobsthrough increased investment in the transport sectorThree independent authorities are proposed :

Motor Vehicle Regulation and Road Safety Authority (Regulator) National Road Transport and Multimodal Coordination Authority (Facilitator) National Highway Traffic Regulation and Protection Force (Enforcer)

Vehicle Testing :Bharat New Vehicle Ssafety Assessment Program (BNVSAP) program has been launched to testpassenger cars in front and side crashes. Star-Safety Ratings will be provided which can beused to market the vehicles. It will be mandatory from 1 st October 2017.

Infrastructure :Improve quality of road transportation in India thru developing integrated transport systems,multimodal hubs, feeder systems, and last-mile connectivity for people-friendly mobility

Enforcement of Standards and Laws :to enforce safety along national highways employing measures such as graded penalty pointsystem with enhanced fines.

1.Regulation

3.infrastructure

2.Testing

4.Enforcement



St t f V hi l S f t C id ti i I di


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Improving Highways & Urban Infrastructure

Latest vehicles on road

Modern Infrastructure & Vehicle Technology in Indian Market

Drive towards Safer Automobiles - Special Focus on In-vehicle safety



Status of Vehicle Safety Considerations in India


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Active Passenger Safetyhelps driver to prevent accidents in terms of avoiding collisions andpreventing loss of vehicle controlExample : brakes, traction control systems, tyre systems

Passive Passenger Safetyfocuses on minimizing damage to occupants during accidents relying ondissipating the impact forces and providing cushion to the occupants orcreating a safe distance between occupant and point of impact forcesExample : air bags, seat belts

Vehicle Safety / Securityconsiders protection of the vehicle, its internal components, accessories, etcfrom theft or damages in parking areaExample : engine immobilizer, motion sensors and alarms, remote shutdown

Safety Technologies perspectives in Indian Scenario





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PASSIVE SAFETY STANDARDS - EVOLUTION

Safety BeltFitment

Side Door

Intrusion

1993 1997

Safety BeltUpgrade –

Alignment withECE

2002 2003 2007 2009 2016

Seat & Seat Anchorage

Side Underrun

Rear Underrun

Interior fitment forM1

Bumper for M1

Seat & Seat Anchorage for other

than M1

Survival Space

Bus Rollover

FUPD

Offset Collision

Side Collisions

Pedestrian Impact





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CRASH STANDARDS ON THE ANVIL – Identif ied for Implementation• AIS-098 : Offset Frontal Crash Test• For vehicles upto 2500kg GVW• 56km/hr• 40% offset deformable barrier• Driver & Co-Driver dummies – 50%

Hybrid III dummies• Measurement of injury criteria such as

Head Injury, Neck Injury, Chest Injuryetc.

• AIS-099 : Side Impact Crash Test• Vehicles with lower seat positions• 50km/hr• Impact side dummy – Euro SID• Measurement of injury criteria such as

Head Injury, Chest Injury, Pelvis Injuryetc.

Crash Safety Regulations for Passenger Vehicles






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CRASH STANDARDS ON THE ANVIL• AIS-096 : Frontal Crash Test• For vehicles ≥ 2500kg GVW • 48.3 – 53 km/hr• Full width rigid barrier

• Steering column intrusion• No dummies & Injuries measurement

• AIS-100 : Pedestrian Protection• Impact testing for Pedestrian headform,

upper & lower legforms• Child Headforms• Testing on bonnet, bumper & windshield

locations• Measurement of tibia bending, head

injury







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AIS-101 : Fuel System Protection• Rear impact test at 35km/hr• Rigid moving barrier• Assessment of fuel leakage


• AIS-072 : Child Restraint Systems –

• All new vehicle to provide one identif ied seatposi tion where a Child Restraint System can befitted

• Car manufacturer to specify the category of CRSwhich can be fitted at this designated position in

the User Manual• Government to mandate for safe transportation ofchildren in approved CRS only

• Children upto 16yrs to be transported in CRS• Regulation applicable for private passenger

vehicles


implementationfrom

April 2015





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Standard Subject Implementation Date

AIS 072(ECE R44)

Child RestraintSystems

Vehicle Installation Approval1 st April 2015Mandatory Use 1 st Apri l 2016

AIS 096(ECE R12)

Head On Collision New Models - 1 st Oct 2017 All Models - 1 st Oct 2019

AIS 98(ECE R94)

Offset f rontal CrashTest

New Models - 1 st Oct 2017 All Models - 1 st Oct 2019

AIS 99

(ECE R95)

Side Impact Crash

Test

New Models – 1 st Oct 2017 All Models - 1 st Oct 2018

AIS 100(ECE R127)

Pedestrian Safety New Models – 1 st Oct 2017 All Models - 1 st Oct 2018

New Standards Notified by MoRTH, India





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• Central Braking System for 2W below 125 cc

• ABS for 2W above 125 cc.• Day Time Running Lamp (DRL).

• Mandatory Helmet Wearing through local State-wise Mandating .

Separate Routes for 2W and Bi Cycle tracks

Rider Suites with better Conspicuity .

NEW SAFETY INITIATIVES FOR 2-Wheelers in India

Two wheelers and road safety

Status o Ve c e Sa ety Co s de at o s d aNeelkanth Marathe (ARAI Pune India)




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India’s road safety questionable with over 70% two-wheelersplying on road without insurance

The safety of two wheelers is a matter of great concern to the traffic department.

For a country like India with extreme weather conditions and poor road infrastructure,safety is of upmost importance.

Two wheelers are completely exposed to rain, sun, storms etc. and the braking grips arenot as sturdy as that of four wheelers resulting in greater probability of skids and falls.

Riders are encouraged to take a few measures to help maintain their safety .

Long trips for example, should be planned ahead.Helmets should always be worn, regardless of the length of the journey. It is the rider’s responsibility to ensure hisor her helmet adheres to the official safety guidelines such as having a chin guard for instance.The bike itself needs to be looked after carefully too:Tyres must have 2 – 3 mm of tread left, and should be properly inflated as per the manufacturer's recommendation.

All the tyres should be checked before the journey, as driving with under-inflated tyres may prove dangerous.

The brake oil should be checked regularly.While driving, a safe distance has to be maintained both in front and behind, giving enough time to react in case ofemergency braking.

Other safety features includes turning on the headlights during late evenings. In some countries it is compulsory forall two wheelers to have their lights switched on regardless of whether it is nighttime or daytime.Speed is another factor in accidents: concrete roads are far more slippery than tar roads during the monsoonseason, so driving at a moderate speed is the best practice .


yNeelkanth Marathe (ARAI Pune India)




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In India, the state government has adopted stringent rules

to ensure the safety of two wheelers . These laws include :

single pillion riding, wearing helmets being made compulsory for both the driverand passenger if there is one on the two wheeler ,penalizing riders caught drink-driving (that is applicable to all vehicles),speed checks over flyovers, on road sides etc.The traffic police are also expected to step up to the mark and come downheavily on any individual breaking the rules. This is particularly relevant duringfestive seasons, when riders and passengers are more prone to disobey the lawby drink driving or having more than one pillion per bike.


Two wheeler accidents are unfortunately much more dangerous for the rider thanfor drivers of four wheelers, and these accidents can often be fatal.

Despite the government stepping up and implementing more and more safetylaws, the main responsibility should lie within the people who are riding the twowheelers to abide by the traffic norms in order to avoid these accidents.





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The rollover propensity of a three-wheeled scooter taxi is

used extensively on S-E Asian roads.Three-wheel scooter taxis (TSR) form an essential part ofpublic transport for the urban middle class population of India.

Apart from India, TSRs are also being used the world over forpublic transport and for carrying freight.

The high manoeuvrability of TWV’s makes them deft at avoiding vehicular conflictsfollowing issues in TWV safety :

(i) What is the rollover propensity of the commonly used TWV using the latestmanoeuvrability assessment tests and how does it compare to conventionalvehicles?

(ii) What is the optimum configuration of the TWV to minimize rollover propensity ?(iii) Even if rollover is initiated, under what condition does the TWV roll over?(iv) What are the measures of injury to occupants and pedestrians in the crash

incidents?






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• The Safety Code for Construction of three wheeler• 2-Point Safety Belts for Passengers.• Side Door Provisions.• Improved Seats and Their Anchorages.

• E rickshaw for Identified areas with controlled speeds.


Neelkanth Marathe (ARAI Pune India)




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Apart from the domestic demand, India has also emerged as a major export hub

for 3Wheelers.It is present in some of the South Asian, African and Latin American markets that arereplicating Indian 3W story with rising disposable incomes but inadequate publictransport systems.

High tonnage (0.75T and above) 3W cargo segment haslargely lost out to 4W SCVs that provide higher stability,safety, speed, space and style.

SCVs are gaining increasing popularity and acceptance inPassenger transportation in intra-city and urban areas

SCVs are gaining popularity even in the lower tonnage(0.5T) Cargo and Passenger segments with introductionof some of the recently introduced smaller vehicles byIndian Commercial Vehicle OEMs.






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Bharat New Vehicle Safety Program – BNVSAP

• A New Car Assessment Program (or Programme ) is a government car safetyprogram tasked with evaluating new automobile designs for performance againstvarious safety threats.

• The first NCAP was created in 1979, by the United States National Highway TrafficSafety Administration.

• Currently, there are 08 NCAP programs running worldwide in USA, Japan, Korea, Australia, Europe, China, Latin Countries, ASEAN countries

• Technical Proposal for an India NCAP Program is already drawn up and awaitingapproval from Govt. of India

• This program, when launched, will promote consumer information about safe carsand incentivise the OEMs to launch safer vehicles in the market

• The Phase-I of BNVSAP will consist of offset frontal, side impact, pedestrian impacttests in addition with points for safety features such as Head restraints for all seats,

ABS, ESC, ISOFIX - CRS etc.



Government of India’s ini tiatives



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Draft Road Transport & Safety Bill Act – 2015

Key Provisions

• Dedicated institu tional setup to save over 200,000 lives in first5 yrs

• Time-bound vehicle type approval to promote innovation.Conformity to make spare parts cheaper.• Single window driver licencing system. Automated driving test for

increased capacity with private sector participation.• Electronic enforcement in urban clusters. Special emphasis for safety

of vulnerable road users• Graded penalty point system with enhanced fines wil l act as a

deterrent and improve traffic condition by reducing road rage• Manufacturer l iabilities for damages due to crash caused by

mechanical defect



Government of India’s ini tiatives



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ARAI has a vital contribution inVehicle Safety Development Program in India

ARAI is one of the KEY architects of AIS – SafetyStandards framed for India

ARAI is working closely in harmonization of ECE

standardsAssists Government of India in framing theDraft Regulations

R&D and Testing consulting services to OEMsregarding vehicle safety aspects

Domestic and International HomologationServices in the area of Vehicle Type Approvalincluding Safety related tests





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98

1117

Harmonization with ECE Standards(126)

Technically Aligned Partially AllignedTo be taken up

Alignment with ECE Standards (126)

AIS – Automotive Indian Safety Standards



Status of Vehicle Safety Considerations in Indialk h h ( d )


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• Crash tests - frontal, frontal offset, side & rear•

Air bag deployment• Side door intrusion• Head restraint impact• Helmet impact• Safety glass impact• Steering impact• Mirrors• Lighting & signaling devices• Wind screen / wiper systems• Automotive bulbs•

Speed limiting devices• Wheel rims• Horns• CNG / LPG components• Brake hoses

Homologation Services offered by ARAI : SafetyNeelkanth Marathe (ARAI Pune India)


Status of Vehicle Safety Considerations in IndiaN lk h M h (ARAI P I di )


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Comprehensive Test facilities are available at ARAIfor Homologation / Certif ication of all kinds of

Vehicles, systems and sub-systems

2 – Wheeler - Petrol2 – Wheeler - Battery

BUS

Construction Equipment

Commercial Vehicle

CAR – Battery

Genset

CAR – Passenger

Agricultural Tractor



Status of Vehicle Safety Considerations in IndiaN lk th M th (ARAI P I di )


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Snapshot of NEW Safety Test Facility at ARAI



Status of Vehicle Safety Considerations in IndiaN lk th M th (ARAI P I di )


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• While Implementation of Safety Regulations as per road map of India w

continue to demand minimum safety, the safety initiative like Indian-NCAwill demand safety beyond Regulations. • Proposed New safety Bill will act as an enabler forImproving Road Safety

Scenario in India.• Indian-NCAP will go a long way increating safety awareness among

consumers, reduce the injuries and road fatalities.• Periodical collection of Accident Data will provide Inputs to Improve saf

measures.• Special emphasis is being given to ensuring safety of 2 and 3-wheelers and

budget-cars.• Government’s special drive for Driver Education programs and investment

highway infrastructure development will enhance overall Safety and Securitof Vehicles and Occupants in Indian scenario.

ConclusionsNeelkanth Marathe (ARAI Pune India)




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h h h

[email protected] 0091 20 30231430; www.araiiindia.com

Neelkanth Marathe


arai india nvm_vehicle safety in india_4th aai summit china

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