In Arabic these letters are of a similar shape:

n b t th

Note these shapes: b, t, th are identical and n is a bit different:

.. ....... .... .. ... ث.. .. ت ب ..ن

In English d represents both:ض د

Also in English t stands for both letters:

ط ت

There is no V in Arabic but it is replaced usually by f ieف

Also there is no P in Arabic and is replaced by بthe letter B ie

In English there is no letter shش

are represented by S صand سIn English

ظ زby z are represented

does not have an English equivalentع

is like a Gh sound غ

is not like any English letter.ح

ح

sounds like a strong throat h

Also k in English stands for

ق ك

Tt and Zz ie ظ ط

Are similar in shape except for the dot

Watch the similarity between:kh Hh g

خ ح ج

Notice the similar shapes of the d and Th (sounds like the)

Identical shape except for the dot:

ذ د

Notice the identical shape of the letters r and z except for the dot

ز ر

Notice the identical shapes except for the dot between Ss

and Dd

ض ص

Notice the similarity of the shapes in f and Kk

ق ف

Notice the similarity between the shapes of s and sh except for

the 3 dots :

ش س

Notice the Ss and the Dd shapes except for the dot:

ض ص

Notice also the identical shape of the 3 and the Gh sounds:

غ ع