arab climate resilience initiative third regional consultation meeting climate change impacts in the...
TRANSCRIPT
Arab Climate Resilience Initiative
Third regional consultation meeting
Climate Change Impacts in the Arab Region:
Toward Sustainable Energy – Resources, Challenges, and Opportunities
Adel AbdellatifChief, Regional Programme Division
Regional Bureau for Arab States
Manama, 06-07 October 2010
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Climate Change: a concern and an opportunity
Climate Change is a concern in the Arab countries
Arab Ministerial Declaration on Climate Change (2007) called for policy action ranging from integration of policies to deal with climate change in all sectors, adoption of national and regional climate change action plans, and carrying out studies to better understand the threat and options to deal with it.
Declaration of Arab Summit, Libya, March 2010“We emphasize the need to adopt effective policies in dealing with the issues of
climate change and preservation of the environment in all national and regional fields of sustainable development, and to adopt a unified stance at the negotiations over climate change in order to secure the rights of our peoples to safeguard our national resources...We stress the importance of cooperation and coordination in all fields of development, especially in the fields of Arab road links, electricity links, use of sustainable energy, green-belt projects..…”
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Climate Change is also an opportunity for Arab countries
Energy efficiency to expand access;
Alternative and renewable energy;
Diversified economic growth;
Job creation;
Opportunity to improve policy coordination.
Climate Change: a concern and an opportunity
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The Arab Climate Resilience Initiative
Objectives:
Build knowledge and foster policy
dialogue;
Mobilize experts and policy leaders
to build momentum;
Support strategic interventions to
promote climate resilient development
in the Arab countries.
Principles:
Consultative and demand-driven;
In line with priorities as defined by
Arab countries ;
Promote regional cooperation;
Identify not only challenges, but
also opportunities.
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The Regional Forum on CC in the Arab countries
Objectives:
Discuss and endorse the regional initiative
Mobilize high level partners
Dates: 3-5 November, 2010
Venue: Rabat, Morocco
Participants:
Governments : Ministers, Parliaments, Decision makers
Corporation Agencies and Donors
Research and Academic institutions
Private sector NGOs Youth Media
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Content of Presentation
Part I: Energy and Development Part II: Energy in the Arab Countries – A Global
Responsibility Part III: Sustainable Energy: Challenges in the
Region Part IV: Global Renewable Energy Part V: Key Questions
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PART I: ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT
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Part I: Energy and Development• Energy has been at the heart of critical economic, environmental and development
issues facing the world today–in developed and developing countries.
Sources: World Bank, World Development Indicators (Energy Use) UNDP, Human Development Report Office (HDI)
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Energy consumption and wealth…the world at night
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On as the world population increases, and prosperity increases, demand for energy will continue to grow.
Source: UN DESA. World Population Prospects, 2010.
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PART II: ENERGY AND THE ARAB COUNTRIES: A GLOBAL RESPONSIBILITY
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Part II: Energy in the Arab Countries: A Global Responsibility
Source: Calculated from BP Statistical Review of World Energy, 2010.
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Part II: Energy in the Arab Countries: A Global Responsibility
Source: Calculated from BP Statistical Review of World Energy, 2010.
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Part II: Energy in the Arab Countries: A Substantial Source of Revenue
Source: IMF Country Reports, 2010.
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Part II: Energy in the Arab Countries: Contributing to Human Development
Sources: World Bank, World Development Indicators (Energy Production). UNDP, Human Development Report Office (HDI).
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Part II: Energy in the Arab Countries: Volatility and Jobless Growth
Source: UNDP AHDR, 2009.
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PART III: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY – CHALLENGES IN THE REGION
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Part III: Energy Sustainability: Challenges in the region
A: Population increase and economic growth = growing demand
1970 2010 20500
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
128
359
598
Total population, Arab Region (mil-lions)
Source: UN DESA. World Population Prospects, 2009.
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A: Population increase and economic growth = growing demand
Part III: Energy Sustainability: Challenges in the region
Source: Tapping a Hidden Resource, Energy Efficiency in the Middle East and North Africa, World Bank 2009.
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B: Energy Use is Highly Inefficient in the Arab Countries
Part III: Energy Sustainability: Challenges in the region
Source: Tapping a Hidden Resource, Energy Efficiency in the Middle East and North Africa, World Bank 2009.
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B: Energy Use is Highly Inefficient in the Arab CountriesTable: Arab Region is highly inefficient, Energy Intensity in the Arab Region versus the World Average, 2007
Country/RegionGDP, PPP (billions of current
international US $)Energy use (kt of oil
equivalent)Energy intensity: Energy use per unit of GDP (kg of oil equivalent per PPP
US $)
Algeria 263.06 36863 0.140
Bahrain 24.98 8774 0.351
Comoros 0.73 .. …
Djibouti 1.74 .. …
Egypt 404.87 67246 0.166
Iraq 94.45 33086 0.350
Jordan 29.39 7201 0.245
Kuwait 128.79 25200 0.196
Lebanon 44.65 3993 0.089
Libya 96.40 17823 0.185
Mauritania 6.03 .. …
Morocco 127.16 14361 0.113
Oman 61.19 15479 0.253
Qatar 65.25 22187 0.340
Saudi Arabia 548.30 150326 0.274
Sudan 80.67 14675 0.182
Syria 87.94 19639 0.223
Tunisia 77.12 8837 0.115
United Arab Emirates 245.37 51636 0.210
Yemen 52.22 7212 0.138
Arab Region 2440.30 504538 0.207
World 67672.05 11664890 0.172
Source: UNDP-AHDR calculations based on data from World Bank, 2010
Part III: Energy Sustainability: Challenges in the region
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B: Energy Use is Highly Inefficient in the Arab Countries
Source: UNDP-AHDR calculations based on World Bank , 2010.
Part III: Energy Sustainability: Challenges in the region
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Source: Arab Knowledge Report, 2009.
C: No strong tradition of investing in Research and Development
Part III: Energy Sustainability: Challenges in the region
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D: Water Scarcity puts pressure on energy
Plant number
Capacity of desalination
plants (million cubic meters/day)
Production of desalination plants
per day(million cubic meters/day)
Saudi Arabia 23 3.5 2.91
Kuwait 6 1.44 1.31
Bahrain 3 0.38 0.34
Qatar 2 0.49 0.43
UAE 8 2.61 2.23
Oman 2 0.28 0.19
Part III: Energy Sustainability: Challenges in the region
Source: UNDP, Human Development Report Office. Source: Al Rukaibi, Duaij (2010). Water resources in the GCC. University of Texas at Austin.
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E: Rising temperatures put pressure on energy
POWER OUTAGES:
• IRAQ• EGYPT• LEBANON• SAUDI ARABIA• QATAR
Part III: Energy Sustainability: Challenges in the region
Source: Dr. Jeff Masters, Weather Underground. July 30, 2010.
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PART IV: GLOBAL RENEWABLE ENERGY
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Source: BP statistical review of world energy, 2010.
Part IV: Global Renewable Energy
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Source: BP statistical review of World Energy, 2010.
Part IV: Global Renewable Energy
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PART V: KEY QUESTIONS
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Part V: Key Questions
What are the overall challenges and opportunities associated with the relationship between energy and climate change? (Opening)
What are the features of the global and regional context that enable and or present challenges to sustainable energy? (Panel 1)
What can we learn from the innovative renewable energy initiatives underway in the Arab countries, how can these be scaled-up, and what role can they play in regional cooperation? (Panel 2)
What economic and financial opportunities can be seized in the embrace of sustainable energy? (Panel 3)
What steps can be taken to promote a rapid advance of knowledge and technology transfer for sustainable energy in the Arab countries? (Panel 4)
What are the priorities for cooperative action, and how can we move forward together to enhance sustainable energy throughout the region? (Panel 5)
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR PARTICIPATION
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“The decisions we take today on how we produce, consume and distribute energy will profoundly influence our ability to eradicate poverty and respond effectively to climate change.” UN SG