aquatic ecosystems as sentinels of change
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Aquatic Ecosystems as Sentinels of Change. Field Station & Marine Lab Emerging Initiatives Workshop November 17, 2011 Colorado Springs, CO Craig Williamson Global Change Limnology Laboratory Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Aquatic Ecosystems as Sentinels of Change
Field Station & Marine Lab Emerging Initiatives Workshop
November 17, 2011Colorado Springs, CO
Craig WilliamsonGlobal Change Limnology Laboratory Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
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Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
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Karl et al. 2008.Weather and climateextremes in a changingclimate.
US Climate Change Science ProgramSynthesis & AssessmentProduct 3.3
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Peters et al. 2007. Front. Ecol. Environ. 6:229
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Peters et al. 2007. Front. Ecol. Environ. 6:229
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Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
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Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
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Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
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Karl et al. 2009. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts.
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Indirect Effects of Climate Change: Wildfire
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Bark Beetle Damage
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Responses to Environmental Change: Where to sample?
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Aquatic Ecosystems as Sentinels of Environmental Change:
Sentinel Responses (some examples):
Physical: Temperature - ice-cover period, water temperature, mixing depth Water Transparency – UV, PAR
Chemical: Oxygen – supersaturation, hypoxia, anoxia pH – acidity, alkalinity (buffering capacity) Inorganic Carbon – Dissolved, particulate
Biological: Organic Carbon – Dissolved (DOC), particulate (POC) Chlorophyll, other pigments – concentration, depth of maximum (DCM) Phyto & Zooplankton – small size, short T, rapid response, easy to sample
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Aquatic Ecosystems as Sentinels of Environmental Change
Biotic Consequences:
- Biodiversity
- Invasive species
- Harmful algal blooms (HAB)
- “Dead zones” from hypoxia or anoxia
- Daphnia (model species) – growth, reproduction, vertical
migration
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Aquatic Ecosystems: Sensors in the Landscape
Most FSMLs have an one or more(stream, river, lake, ocean)
Many have long-term data on these systems.
Collectively create an infrastructure with great networking potential (work with GLEON, NEON, STREON).
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100% Increase in DOC in 16 Year Period: Hudson River, NY, USA
Findlay et al. 2005. FEE 3: 133
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Lake Giles UV Transparency:14 year trend
0
4
8
12
16
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
1% U
V 320
nm D
epth
(m)
Z1% from epilimnetic Kd
July data: Lake Giles, N.E. Pennsylvania, USA
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Aquatic Ecosystems are also Integrators and Regulators of
Environmental Change
Williamson et al. 2009 Limnol Oceanogr 54:2273
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Sensors in thelandscape