apresentação do powerpoint€¦ · •townhouses and shops / workshops •bathhouses •hospitals...
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Friendly Cities?Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Brandner
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My question – what is a friendly city? For me it means.....• I would like to live there
• I would like to work there
• I would not like to spend time on long and time consuming daily commuting
• I would like to spend leisure time in this city
• .....
• .....
• .....
Friendly City
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• Round 800 AC few roman cities existed in germany
• Due to merchandise of luxury goods towns were founded to have save market places, from which the developement started
• Lord of the town was usually the owner of the land
• Aricstocrats and bishops started to develop towns
• In 13th nd 14th number of towns increased up to 3000
• Number of inhabitants more than 10000 in 12 towns
Historic developement in Europe
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• Marketplace in front of townhall
• Cathedral
• Townhouses and shops / workshops
• Bathhouses
• Hospitals
• City wall surrounding the town
townscape
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• Workshops – textile, locksmith, carpenters .....
• Travelling merchants
• Banking system developed
• In medival times a dense network of trade routes crossed Europe
Economic structure
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• Warehouses and office building in the center
• Residential neighborhood on the outskirts
• Separation of living and worksplace
• People have to make their way to and from work every day
• Individual traffic
• Public transport
Townscape today
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• Individual traffic – roads, highways
Traffic infrastructure
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• Individual traffic – need for parking space
Traffic infrastructure
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Transport by tram
Public transport
Road transport by bus
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To overcome a difference in altitude
-> funicular
Public transport
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Subway system
under- and overground
Public transport
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• Individual road transport is limitedPollution
Noise
Space
• Public transport – common systemsUnderground is expensive
Above ground difficult due to space
Situation today
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Is autonomuos driving a solution?
Are alternative drive systems the solution? – electric, hydrogen drive?
Alternative systems?
Future developement
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• Positive effect - Greater throughput and more fluid traffic
• No effect – traffic remains with all its disatvantages
• Most important question - Sustainable?
Autonomous driving
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• Electric drive – less pollution, where does electricity come from?
• No effect – traffic remains with all its disatvantages
• Hydrogen drive – not yet ready for mass production
Alternative drive systems
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• Uses third dimension – above ground, aerial transport
• Less space needed
• Erection cost compared to common systems as road, rail, underground low
• Easy to overcome differences in altitude or obstacles
• Bridging of traffic jam areas to relieve road strain
Alternative transport system – ropeways
Positive aspects
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• Meaningful use for distance up to 7 km
• Transport capatity 5000 persons/hour in each direction
• Extension of an existing or planned local public transport system as feeder or distributor
• Number of access points or exits limited
• Number of lines
Alternative transport system – ropeways
realistic aspects
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• Limited possibilities
• Limited transport capacity
• Not suitable for longer distances
• Not suitable for strong curves and associated changes
Alternative transport system – ropeways
weak points
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• High availability – 24/7
• High availability – wind stability
• Continuous transport versus pulsing transport
Requirements for ropeways systems
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Examples of urban cablewaysLa Paz
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Examples of urban cablewaysMedellin
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Examples of urban cablewaysConstantine
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Examples of urban cablewaysNew York
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Examples of urban cablewaysAnkara
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• Reduce Traffic – combine workplace and livingplace
• Combine necessary traffic with a pleasant experiencee.g. ropeway ride
• Make cities green – reduce space for trafficinfrastructure
To improve friendliness of a city
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Questions?
Suggestions?
Thank you for your attention!Dipl.-Ing, Andreas Brandner
Chartered Engineer for Civil Engineering
A-6020 Innsbruck Austria