9/10/18 SI Review from lectures 2-6

Research Methods in Psychology: Correlational or experimental?

Hypothesis: An individual’s preference for salty foods is partly determined during fetal life by the extent of “morning sickness” in the mother

1. Research: Pregnant rats were given either given diuretics (causes loss of salt and water) or were not. Results showed that the offspring of rats who were given the diuretic, had a preference for salty solutions.

a. Which kind of research method? __________________

2. Research: College students were asked about their salt preferences and whether or not their mother had morning sickness.

b. Which kind of research method? ___________________

3. Research: Infants were given tastes of salty or plain water. The babies liked the salty water when their moms had more morning sickness during pregnancy.

c. Which kind of research method? ____________________

4. Which research design (1, 2, or 3) proves that there is a preference for salty solutions when the mother’s had morning sickness?

Create a hypothesis regarding # of accidents and the frequency of texting and driving

1. What is independent variable?

2. What is the dependent variable?

3. Create a scatter plot to describe a strong positive relationship

4. What does r=?

5. Conclusion: Texting while driving causes accidentsa. Is this conclusion justified?

b. Why or why not?

Psychology Past and PresentWord Bank

Structuralism Functionalism Psychoanalysis Behaviorism Cognitive Approach

Evolutionary Approach

Physiological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Social Psychology

Counseling/clinical psychology

1. A researcher wants to know how the brain has changed over time. What type of psychology approach would he/she use?

______________________________________

2. A case study is being used to study mental illnesses caused by subconscious conflicts. What type of psychology is this?

_______________________________________

3. A researcher is studying the relationship between behavior and reinforcement. What type of psychology is this?

_______________________________________

4. Genetics and biology are being used to study how emotions and perceptions are affected. What type of psychology is this?

_______________________________________

5. A researcher is studying how the American culture compares to the Asian culture. What type of psychology is this?

________________________________________

6. A researcher is using the Stroop effect to determine how the brain encodes and stores information. What type of psychology is this?

________________________________________

7. This type of psychology is influenced by Darwin’s Theory of evolution. Researchers in this field want to understand the mind’s purpose. What is this called?

_________________________________________

8. Introspection is used to study human thought. What type of psychology uses introspection?

_________________________________________

9. Researchers want to know how the nervous system receives and interprets information from our senses. What type of psychology would this be?

__________________________________________

10. Someone is giving mental health guidance to another person. What type of psychology is being used here?

__________________________________________

Brain and BehaviorFill in the Blank

1. The ____________ has four basic parts. The _____________ receive electrical signals from other neurons. The ________________, also known as the _____________, contains the nucleus and provides for all of the cell’s life processes. The _____________ carries the electrical signals from the soma, to the _____________________. The terminal buttons then release ____________________ that cause electrical changes to the next neuron in the chain. If the neuron receives enough excitation from other neurons, then it will begin an _____________________. The neurotransmitters are then released into their _________________, which is a space between the neurons.

Important structures of the brain1. What does the hindbrain consist of?

2. What does the midbrain consist of?

3. What does the forebrain consist of?

4. What are the 4 lobes of the brain? What is each lobe primarily responsible for?

5. What structure connects the right and left hemisphere of the brain?

SleepStages of Sleep

1. List the stages of sleep in the correct order and their corresponding brain wave.

2. What does NREM stand for? What does REM stand for? What does that mean?

3. What is the most popular current theory for why we dream?