approach to the iw environment
DESCRIPTION
Approach to the IW Environment. Understanding the Environment. Approach the problem from the perspective of the insurgent and population to help define priorities and the balance of efforts. What is a counterinsurgency? - What are we ‘countering?’ - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
US Army Combined Arms Center
Approach to the IW Environment
US Army Combined Arms Center
Approach the problem from the perspective of the
insurgent and population to help define priorities and
the balance of efforts.
What is a counterinsurgency?
- What are we ‘countering?’
- What is Counterinsurgency vs. Counterguerrilla
warfare
Understanding the Environment
Counterguerrilla Counterinsurgency
US Army Combined Arms Center
: Countering Insurgents (e.g. Counter IED)
- Short term - Reactive - Tactical - Military
: Eliminating Root Causes (e.g. denying insurgents passive/active support of the population to lay in IEDs.
- Medium and long term- Proactive- Tactical (with cumulative)- Military and political
Counterguerrilla
Counterinsurgency
Versus
Counterguerrilla Counterinsurgency
Mindset and the Full Spectrum of COIN
US Army Combined Arms Center
What is a counterinsurgency?
- Countering Insurgents
- Countering the Root Causes of the insurgency
Balanced DevelopmentBalanced Development- Political Reform- Economic Reform- Social Refrom
Mobilization- Manpower- Material
Neutralization- Physical Interdiction- Psychological Interdiction
Security- Population- Infrastructure
Advising HN (Combat Advisor)- Leadership- Training- Equip/Admin/Logistics- Ethos/Professionalization
Mobilization
Balanced Development
SecurityNeutralizationMobilization
Advising HN (Combat Advisor)
Counterinsurgency Counterguerrilla
Counterguerrilla
Mindset and the Full Spectrum of COIN
The Full Spectrum of Counterinsurgency
US Army Combined Arms Center
“Get It”“Know It”“Know It”“Get It”
Doctrine Application
Size and Experienceof the Force
How do we bridge the gap from DOCTRINE to APPLICATION?
Versus
US Army Combined Arms Center
Doctrine “Know It”Application
Standardized Tools and Procedures
Mindset / Perspective
1 2
3 Spectrum
Full
US Army Combined Arms Center
IPB in Counterinsurgency
Overview
1
IPB 1 Visualize the specific groups that defines the limits of the AO/AI by looking at the physical and human terrain using ASCOPE (overlay). Identify each specific community or group. Determine
ThreatCourses of Action
Define theOperationalEnvironment
Evaluate the Threat
Describe theEnvironment'sEffects
DetermineThreatCourses of Action
Define theOperationalEnvironment
Evaluate the Threat
Describe theEnvironment'sEffects
2
1
IPB 2
Visualize the 3 x Root Causes by community or specific group depicted in the Overlay from IPB I
Visualize the specific groups that defines the limits of the AO/AI by looking at the physical and human terrain using ASCOPE (overlay). Identify each specific community or group.
DetermineThreatCourses of Action
Define theOperationalEnvironment
Evaluate the Threat
Describe theEnvironment'sEffects
23
1
IPB 3
Assess the insurgent’s strategy and forecast his MD/MP COA (add to IPB I-II overlay to visualize and the enemy’s campaign plan and how he gains passive/active support of the population)
Visualize the 3 x Root Causes by community or specific group depicted in the Overlay from IPB I
Visualize the specific groups that defines the limits of the AO/AI by looking at the physical and human terrain using ASCOPE (overlay). Identify each specific community or group.
DetermineThreatCourses of Action
Define theOperationalEnvironment
Evaluate the Threat
Describe theEnvironment'sEffects
23
4 1
IPB 4
Assess the insurgent’s strategy and forecast his MD/MP COA (add to IPB I-II overlay to visualize and the enemy’s campaign plan and how he gains passive/active support of the population)
Visualize the 3 x Root Causes by community or specific group depicted in the Overlay from IPB I
Visualize the specific groups that defines the limits of the AO/AI by looking at the physical and human terrain using ASCOPE (overlay). Identify each specific community or group.
The enemy’s Strategy and capabilities (IPB III) to use Root Causes (IPB II) to specifically target and leverage the human and physical terrain (IPB I) to accomplish MD/MP COAs. In short this is the enemy’s campaign plan.
US Army Combined Arms Center
DetermineThreatCourses of Action
Define theOperationalEnvironment
Evaluate the Threat
Describe theEnvironment'sEffects
23
4 1
The PEOPLE
Their ISSUESThe ENEMY
How ENEMYuses ISSUESto get PEOPLE
23
4 1
IPB
US Army Combined Arms Center
IPB 4
23
4 1
The PEOPLE
Their ISSUESThe ENEMY
How ENEMYuses ISSUESto get PEOPLE
23
4 1
Root Causes1. Vulnerable Population2. Lack of Leadership3. Lack Government Control
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
US Army Combined Arms Center
23
4 1
The PEOPLE
Their ISSUESThe ENEMY
How ENEMYuses ISSUESto get PEOPLE
23
4 1
Root Causes1. Vulnerable Population2. Lack of Leadership3. Lack Government Control
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root CausesAssess: Strategy
Forecast: Operational OBJs across:
Begin to Develop Insurgent Campaign Plan
COAs COAs COAs COAs
Military Social EconomicPolitical
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
US Army Combined Arms Center
23
4 1
The PEOPLE
Their ISSUESThe ENEMY
How ENEMYuses ISSUESto get PEOPLE
23
4 1
Root Causes1. Vulnerable Population2. Lack of Leadership3. Lack Government Control
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root CausesAssess: Strategy
Forecast: Operational OBJs across:
Begin to Develop Insurgent Campaign Plan
COAs COAs COAs COAs
Military Social EconomicPolitical
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
What
w/ Who
How
US Army Combined Arms Center
23
4 1
The PEOPLE
Their ISSUESThe ENEMY
How ENEMYuses ISSUESto get PEOPLE
23
4 1
Root Causes1. Vulnerable Population2. Lack of Leadership3. Lack Government Control
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root CausesAssess: Strategy
Forecast: Operational OBJs across:
Begin to Develop Insurgent Campaign Plan
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
What
w/ Who
How
MDMPMDMP
US Army Combined Arms Center
23
4 1
The PEOPLE
Their ISSUESThe ENEMY
How ENEMYuses ISSUESto get PEOPLE
23
4 1
Root Causes1. Vulnerable Population2. Lack of Leadership3. Lack Government Control
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
LLOs SHORT MEDIUM LONG
Balanced Development
Mobilization
Neutralization
Security
FID
LLOs SHORT MEDIUM LONG
Balanced Development IIIIIII IIIIII IIII
Mobilization IIIIIII IIIIIIIII IIII
Neutralization IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIII IIIII
Security II I
FID IIIIIIIIIII IIII
MDMPMDMPMDMPMDMPMDMPMDMPMDMPMDMPMDMPMDMPMDMP
What
w/ Who
How
US Army Combined Arms Center
Root Causes1. Vulnerable Population2. Lack of Leadership3. Lack Government Control
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
COP
COP
COP
COP
COP
COP
COP
Site selection of Combat Outposts
Overlapping sectors based on Operational Environment
I/O message and delivery methodbased on Operational Environment,and Effects
Greatly assists in cultural and situational awareness (key to Mission success and Force Protection).
COIN IPB/Overlay helps with:
Addresses Effects (Root Causes) by the Environment to forecast and deny Threat from gaining active / passive support.
Standardizes method to assist units, HN security forces, coalition members, local leaders, government agencies, PRTs, etc in focusing on:
- Political Objective- Unity of Effort- Legitimacy- Adaptability - Perseverance
Support med/long term plans and continuity to insure sustainment from tour to tour and during handoff to HN
US Army Combined Arms Center
Root Causes1. Vulnerable Population2. Lack of Leadership3. Lack Government Control
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
JSS
JSS
JSS
JSS
JSS
JSS
JSS
Site selection of Combat Outposts
Overlapping sectors based on Operational Environment
I/O message and delivery methodbased on Operational Environment,and Effects
Greatly assists in cultural and situational awareness (key to Mission success and Force Protection).
COIN IPB/Overlay helps with:
Addresses Effects (Root Causes) by the Environment to forecast and deny Threat from gaining active / passive support.
Standardizes method to assist units, HN security forces, coalition members, local leaders, government agencies, PRTs, etc in focusing on:
- Political Objective- Unity of Effort- Legitimacy- Adaptability - Perseverance
Support med/long term plans and continuity to insure sustainment from tour to tour and during handoff to HN
US Army Combined Arms Center
Root Causes1. Vulnerable Population2. Lack of Leadership3. Lack Government Control
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
3 x Root Causes
JSS
JSS
JSS
JSS
JSS
JSS
JSS
COIN IPB/Overlay helps with:
Uses standard conventional framework (4 x steps IPB) but in a COIN environment.
Consistency and standardizing basic tools and mindset within the framework of Doctrine outweighs each center’s, seminar, unit’s, or school’s individual method
If we all use these tools greatly facilitates long-term sustainment which is vital in a protracted struggle