Apprenticeship Patterns:Apprenticeship Patterns:

Learning to BE ~ Mirror NeuronsLearning to BE ~ Mirror Neurons

Neuroscience and Neural Networks

Interdisciplinary Discipline that collaborates with:

The Brain is Prepared• Mental Basement

– Inference systems

• Emotional programs– Fear

• Social mind– Expectations

• Selectivity– Reduce to less stuff!

Physiology drawing by Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1899) of neurons in the pigeon cerebellum

The Golgi stain first allowed for the visualization of individual neurons. (1890s)Golgi stain of Hippocampal neuron

Photograph of one stained neuron in a chicken embryo

http://cultureofempathy.com/References/Mirror-Neurons.htm

Video Nova Mirror Neurons

Mirror Neurons fire Prior, During & After

an Action is Intended, Performed & Observed.

Mirror Neurons fire Prior, During & After

an Thought is Intended, Performed & Observed.

Mirror Neurons fire Prior, During & After

an Anticipation is Intended, Performed & Observed.

Mirror Neurons fire creating Habits, Behavior Patterns, and Performance.

• Why do sports fans feel so emotionally invested in the game, reacting almost as if they were part of the game themselves?

• The Observer is doing! • Inside our heads, we constantly "act out" & imitate

the activity we're observing. • “Mirror neurons" help us understand the actions

of others.

•Why is this Important?

Predicting & Visualizing

Identify Problem & Questioning

Making Connections

Inference Context & Fix-Ups

Captain, I’m detecting high levels of mirror neuron activity.

I can haz mirror neurons?

Mirror neurons? Highly Illogical!

* Reflective thinking* Awareness* OPEN

Innovative Patterns

* Persistance* Empathy* Flexible

What is a Pattern?• Habit Automatic Response• Autopilot – Learned Meme Maintained– Behavior, Thought, Emotional Response

What Can Be Trained?

ANYTHING a Brain Can

Do!

One Does Not Have to FEEL Good for the Reward to be

Effective.

Linking Behavior to Values & Goals

Self- Efficacy• Observation• Gather Data• Manage impulses• Fear Reduction

Reinforcement is VITAL• Support• Accuracy (validation)

• Clarity (communication & thoughts)

• Stickiness (persist)

Common Cognitive Errors

orWatch out for thoseWatch out for those

Dark Forces! Dark Forces!

Catastrophizing

Selective Attention

Mind Reading (assumptions)

Overgeneralization

All-or-None Thinking

Jumping to Conclusions

Yes, to Challenges!!

Not WHY ME…

TRY ME!

Reframe Beliefs• Question• Think Interdependently

Reframe Fear• Take a chance• Imagine

Awe: Just when the caterpillar

thought the world was over,

it turned into a butterfly. ~ Anonymous

NEVER GIVE UP!NEVER

SURRENDER!The only DECENT thing Tim

Allen ever said.

Thank you

Attributions and Thank you!

• Scott Conrad, SRJC IT Technical Contributions

• Russ Bowden, SRJC Media Services

• Greg Dunn Designs

• Michael McGinnis, SRJC Art

• Conor Moldowan, BS Pharmaceutical Chemistry

• Mary Sandberg, SRJC Professional Development

• Lauren Servais, SRJC English Department

References

• Bear MF, Connors BW, Paradiso MA (2001). Neuroscience: Exploroing the Brain (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

• Chiao, J.Y. & Ambady, N. (2007). Cultural neuroscience: Parsing universality and diversity across levels of analysis. In Kitayama, S. and Cohen, D. (Eds.) Handbook of Cultural Psychology, Guilford Press, New York, pp. 237-254.

• Dretske, FI (1988). Explaining Behaviory, Reasons in a World of Causes. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

• Flinger, Stanley (2001), Origins of Neuroscience: A History of Explorations into Brain Function (3rd ed.), New York: Oxford University Press, USA pp. 3-17

• Gallese, V. (2001) The Shared Manifold: from Mirror Neurons to Empathy. Journal of Consciousness Studies: 8, N 5-7; 33-50.

• Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessel TM (2000). Principles of Neural Science (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

• Keyser, C, et al. (2003) Audiovisual mirror neurons and action recognition. Experimental Brain Research 153, 628-636.

• Lepage M (2010). "Research at the Brain Imaging Centre". Douglas Mental Health University Institute.

• Meltzoff, A Gopnik, A (1993) The Role of Imitation in Understanding Persons and Developing a Theory of Mind in Understanding Other Minds: Perspectives from Autism, eds S. Baron-Cohen, H. Tager-Flusberg & D. Cohen, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Rizzolatti, G, Craighero L. (2004) The Mirror Neuron System. Annual Review of Neuroscience 2: 661-192.

• Zull,J (2002), The Art of changing the brain: Enriching the practice of teaching by exploring the biology of learning. Sterling, Virginia: Stylus Publishing, LLC