applied climatology (arc 810) second semester assignment prepared by: oriyomi … applied... ·...

Applied Climatology (Arc 810)

Second semester Assignment prepared by:

Oriyomi Taiwo

Arc/03/1541

Mtech 1 Architecture.

Department of Architecture

School Of Environmental Technology

Federal University of Technology Akure.

Lecturer: Prof. Ogunsote

August 2011

Serial no. / Question no:

9Topic.

Examples of Sun-Shading devices

at the Obanla Campus.

Federal University of Technology,

Akure.

Examples of sun-shading devices at Obanla FUTA. 2011

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1.0 Introduction.

Buildings, if well designed must pass a test of comfort requirement before being certified habitable either bynatural means or active methods. To a maximum extent that could be achievable, a building must possesssuch features that could enhance supply of adequate thermal satisfaction. In reaction to this is the creativity inbuilding designs with internal heat modification factors so critical to an ideal convener. Whoever the designermust be, it should be noted that accurate justice is never done to buildings until it satisfies certain criteria forbuilding thermal pleasure.

Ability to make the built-up live to expectation whenever the need arise should be an ingenious practicewithout compromise. Once the designer has identified the micro climatic proviso of a particular location, hehas every healthy idea as to what to assemble for a hospitable environment.

This critical study of the climatic conditions will enhance the technology to come up with a friendly andnutritious home. Amongst the thermal passive means for the fulfillment of all righteousness in terms of heatcontrol is the invention of the sun shading devices. This invariably shall be the limit of the conditions forbuilding a tolerable human’s immediate mental needs. As much as this study covers the warm sunny climatesuch as Akure, the sun-shading devices that are used to achieve a better learning conditions for theacademicians of the said location is under microscopic study.

2.0 Aims

To find out the examples of sun-shading devices in Obanla campus of the University of Technology AkureOndo State.

3.0 Scope

Comfort is key in building design especially for balance learning aspirations. The only means of achieving thisthrough the sun-shading device is the limit of this study. The study is to only last for two weeks beforesubmission.


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4.0 Constraints.

From the second week of August year 2011, it has always been early morning showers and cloudyatmosphere. It was therefore most un-impossible to have been able to capture shading effects from the sunrising side and the time it started shining. Even at most times, the weather only provided an option of goodday lighting and not real sun shining. There has not been good 2 days that it shined from complete East toWest. Therefore the sun could not go through a complete daily shining circle for the period of study.

Since there is constraint of time, this write up shall only be able to supply situations at best sunny moments.The period to study how effective these shading devices are really constrained to 12pm to 4pm before theevening showers assumes operation. At particular time of study, it rained and sun shine partially the sametime. There is therefore no gainsaying finding shading devices and not observing their functionalities andshadow casts.

5.0 Observation of the Sun-Shading Devices.

From the survey carried out, it was found that only vertical and horizontal sun-shading devices are usedthroughout the Obanla campus of the University. 90% of the present structures at the Obanla campus of theUniversity are shade conscious built-ups.

5.1 Vertical Sun-Shading Device.

The vertical device were tilted to form slanting device found in the approach of the School of Sciences and atthe southern view of the Jibowu hostel.

The vertical is also stepped to flow along the levels of windows as used in the Big and the Small Lecturetheatres. In this manner, the vertical concrete projections neither touch the ground nor the ceiling.

The vertical is predominantly used in the CERAD, School of Post Graduate, Graduate Research LaboratoryPhase 2 and School of earth and Mineral Resources lecture theatre.

5.2 The Combined Sun-Shading Device.

The vertical and the horizontal are collectively used to form window hoodlike device at a place like thebungalow Hostel blocks near the Jibowu hostel. They are also found at the ancillary building of the student


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union government secretariat and SET. It was innovated as a circular hood at the southern view of the SAATand SEET.

They however appeared as a larger hood at the exits of the SAAT and SEET as they reached the ground floorfrom the window lintel. This is termed COMBINED in the analysis chart provided. This mixed use is alsopredominant at the SET and SOS. Here they form a half crate effect.

The verticals and the horizontals are also improvised in another form of recessed walls creating a-dualpurpose shading. These are used in places like the School of Earth and Mineral Resources and ComputerResource Centre.

Some of the vertical shading devices are merely structural columns that doubled both as shading device andload support. The healthy example is the TWO IN ONE Lecture theatre.

5.3 Horizontal Sun-Shading Device.

The horizontal devices are in form of a projected concrete slab, overhangs, terraces and canopies. They couldbe found as projected devices at the longer side of the SEET, SAAT and CCE Multi-purpose hall side view.

The shade provided by the overhangs is common in all the structures. Some have projected overhangs whichhave added advantage of effective shading in the CCE Multi-purpose hall and Professor Thoedore IdibiyeFrancis Hall.

Terraces have also helped in some buildings like: The Senate building, Student Affairs Building, Student UnionBuilding, School of Earth and Mineral Resources and Computer Resource Centre.

The horizontal shading provided by canopies is such found in the Small and Big Lecture theatres and TheConcrete folded plate at the entrance of Professor Thoedore Idibiye Francis Hall.

6.0 Materials and Construction Conditions.

All the sun-shading devices vary in sizes and are made of Sandcrete blocks and reinforced concrete. The sizesof the vertical shading members are same with the structural wall thickness in most cases. The members aresometimes bigger than the wall thickness; they could be 300mm thick. The projected concrete horizontaldevice varies between 75mm to 100mm thick.

Horizontal devices are Concrete solid roof overhangs, soft roof overhangs and projected concrete elements.

Some of these devices at some places not well appreciated due to poor workmanship of contractors. Forexample the Façade at SUG and SET.


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7.0 Case Study.

Plate 1

FUTA .Obanla Campus Layout showing North position and partial orientation of the structures with sun-shadingdevices.


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Table 1.

Examples and assessment of sun-shading devices at the various buildings at the Obanla campus Federal University ofTechnology Akure.

s/n Building sampled E/W orientationobserved

Vertical device Horizontal device Combined Effectivenessnormal slanting normal others

1 TWO IN ONE HALL X

2 SEMS (LECTURETHEATRE)

X

3 SEMS (DEPARTMENT) + •4 SET + •5 STUDENT AFFAIRS •6 THEODORE IDIBIYE HALL NA •7 SENATE BUILDING X

8 SUG •9 JIBOWU HOSTEL X

10 HOSTEL BLOCK + •11 POST GRADUATE + X

12 CERAD + X

13 SAAT + •14 ETF HALL + •15 SEET + •16 BIG L.T X

17 SMALL L.T X

18 CCE MULTI-PURPOSEHALL

NA •19 COMPUTER RESOURCE

CENTRENA •

20 LIBRARY NA X

21 SOS •22 GRADUATE RESEARCH

LAB + •


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Column Two: LEGENDSEMS………………..School of Earth and Mineral Resources.SET…………………..School of Environmental Technology.SUG………………….Student Union Government.CERADSAAT………………..School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology.SEET………………….School of Engineering and Engineering Technology.BIG LT……………….Big Lecture Theatre.SMALL LT………….Small Lecture Theatre.CCE…………………..Centre for Continuing Education.SOS…………………..School of Sciences.

7.1 TABLE ANALYSIS

Column Three: East-West orientation observed.

Means East-West standard orientation of building rule was not observed.

+ Means East-West standard orientation of building rule was observed.

NA Means building shape is almost like a square.

Column Four-Eight: Vertical and Horizontal sun-shading device.

Means the type of device used under appropriate column.

Column Nine: Effectiveness.

X Means that the shading device is not averagely effective.

• Means that the shading device is averagely effective.


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7.2 Live views showing sun-shading devices.

Name of building TWO- IN- ONE HALLOrientation Longer side facing East- West.Sun Shading Device Fins.Effectiveness Not effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building SEMS (LECTURE THEATRE)Orientation Longer side facing East- West.Sun Shading Device FinsEffectiveness Not effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building SEMS (SCHOOL OF EARTH AND MINERAL RESOURCES.)Orientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device Beams and FinsEffectiveness effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.


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Name of building SET(SCHOOLOF ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY)Orientation Longer side facing East- West.Sun Shading Device Concrete slab and finsEffectiveness effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building STUDENT AFFAIRS.Orientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device TerraceEffectiveness effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building PROFESSOR THEODORE IDIBIYE FRANCIS HALL.Orientation square shapeSun Shading Device Roof overhangEffectiveness effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.


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Name of building SENATE BUILDINGOrientation Longer side facing East- West.Sun Shading Device First floor TerraceEffectiveness effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building STUDENT UNION GOVERNMENT.Orientation Longer side facing East- West.Sun Shading Device Fins and TerraceEffectiveness effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building JIBOWU HOSTEL.Orientation Longer side facing East- West.Sun Shading Device Concrete Window hoodEffectiveness Not effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.


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Name of building HOSTEL BLOCK.Orientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device Concrete Window hoodEffectiveness Not very effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATEOrientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device FinsEffectiveness Not very effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building CERADOrientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device Concrete horizontalEffectiveness Not very effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.


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Name of building SEET (SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY.)Orientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device Concrete slab and finsEffectiveness Not very effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building ETF HALL.Orientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device Concrete roof slab and CanopyEffectiveness Not very effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building SAAT (SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY.)Orientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device Concrete slab and finsEffectiveness Not very effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.


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Name of building BIG LECTURE THEATRE.Orientation Longer side facing East- West.Sun Shading Device Concrete Vertical fins and CanopyEffectiveness Not effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building SMALL LECTURE THEATRE.Orientation Longer side facing East- West.Sun Shading Device Concrete Vertical fins and CanopyEffectiveness Not effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building CCE MULTI-PURPOSE HALL.Orientation Square shapeSun Shading Device Concrete Overhang and projected slabEffectiveness Not very effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.


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Name of building COMPUTER RESOURCE CENTRE.Orientation Square shapeSun Shading Device Beams and FinsEffectiveness Not very effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building SCHOOL LIBRARY.Orientation Square shapeSun Shading Device Fins and First floor eave projectionEffectiveness Not effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

Name of building SOS.(SCHOOL OF SCIENCES)Orientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device Fins and Concrete slabsEffectiveness Not very effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.


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Name of building GRADUATE RESEARCH LABORATORY PHASE 2.Orientation Longer side facing North- SouthSun Shading Device Fins and TerraceEffectiveness effective.Time of photo Before Sun set.

ConclusionIt is so obvious that the study of the use of various sun-shading devices in (FUTA) Federal University OfTechnology Akure is a worthwhile exercise. This has unfolded the conscious consistent parade of the devicesin the major designs of the school’s master pieces. There is ample use of the shading device but the negligencein the use of much effective types is a challenge ahead of the institutions planning authority.It is highly recommended that the use of egg crate and more venetian blinds be given a chance. This could bevery effective at an advanced capacity with the giant structures especially where larger portion of thewindows are exposed to intensive radiant energy.The broad view analyzed, portrayed that the urge to inject high thermal comfort even into the school of higherlearning environment is given a paramount preference.Finally, applaud goes to the management tactics invoked by good use of these features. This has to a largeextent facilitated the drastic reduction in the energy consumption rate expected per building in the entirefigure. Cooling and heating being achieved almost at no cost. Therefore low energy buildings which havereduced the cost of running the institution were realized.The caliber of competent intelligent environmentalists and green conscious personnel has to large extentminimized wastage of resources to be credited to the Electric Power Authority.

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