APPLICATIONS ofPHOTONIC TECHNOLOGY

4

Closing the Gap between Theory,

Development, and Application

Photonics North 2000

Edited by

Roger A. Lessard

Universite Laval

Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

George A. LampropoulosA.U.G. Signals

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

SPIE Volume 4087

Published by SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering

Contents

xvii Preface

PART I PROTOCOL LAYER

1 Theoretical and experimental studies on analog fiber optic links utilizing the FM gain in

transmissions

Q. Xiang, Y. Zhao, F.-S. Choa

5 Wavelength shift keying (WSK) by using wavelength discrimination circuit in WDM networks

X. Yang, S. Zhong, T. Li, Y.-J. Chen

10 Testing of fibers in an existing network for high-speed system (10 Gb/s or greater)compatibilityK. Brown, X. Bao, J. Cameron, L. Chen, J. D. Stears, W. Hickey, R. Cormier

18 Pseudorandom wavelength hopping based on chaos: experimental generation and

synchronizationY. Liu, P. Davis, T. Aida

28 All-optical HIPPIs using photonic switches and optical buffer memories

X. Zhao, F.-S. Choa

32 Transparent all-optical packet network using digital header and arbitrary payloadX. Zhao, Y. Zhao, L. M. Wang, Y. Chai, F.-S. Choa

37 Performance analysis of a fiber optic CDMA LAN using a time-domain system model

S. K. De, S. Kar

49 Optimization of level spacing in quaternary optical communication systemsJ. L. Rebola, A. V. T. Cartaxo

60 Equalization advantages of OFFH-CDMA over WDM in EDFAs

K. Fouli, H. Fathallah, M. Menif, L. A. Rusch

66 Scalable and modular optical interconnection network for a terabit packet switch

T.-S. Wang, S. Dixit

76 Design and analysis of a large-scale full-meshed WDM ring network

Y.-H. Ye, M. Ali, S. Dixit, T.-S. Wang

87 Design and simulation of phasar-based packet WDM network architectures

M. Beliveau, Y. F. Robichaud, M. A. Duguay

94 Dense wavelength division multiplexing devices for metropolitan-area datacom and telecom

networks

C. M. DeCusatis, D. G. Priest

v

112 Fiber optic transmissions in electrical utility applicationsL. Lamarche

124 Multichannel ultrawide-band WDM networks and their supporting technologies

K. Oguchi, M. Jinno, J. Kani, K. Tanaka, T. Kitagawa

130 WOM-based high-speed optical dual-bus LAN

Q. Xiang, F.-S. Choa

136 Scalable broadband wireless systems using dense WDM backbones

Q. Xiang, F.-S. Choa

PART II COMPONENTS AND SIMPLE DEVICES

140 Writing and applications of fiber Bragg grating arrays

S. LaRochelle, P.-Y. Cortes, H. Fathallah, L. A. Rusch, H. B. Jaafar

150 Fabrication of fiber optic Bragg gratings: effect of ultraviolet light absorption by the fiber

buffer

Y. Wang, J. Grant, A. Sharma

156 Long-period grating fabrication techniquesM. Verhaegen, P. Orsini, D. Perron, X. Daxhelet, S. Lacroix

162 New-generation DWDM fiber grating devices

M.N. Zervas

167 All-fiber components: from design to productionS. Lacroix

169 Novel Sagnac interferometer for characterizing the chromatic dispersion and length of

installed optical fiber

K. S. Abedin, M. Hyodo, N. Onodera

177 Performance issues for dense WDM planar waveguide demultiplexers

E. S. Koteles

192 Systematic design and analysis of microprism-type low-loss and wide-angle bent waveguides

in integrated opticsC.-T. Lee

201 Extremely narrow tunable all-optical interferometric bandpass filter

0. Schwelb, I. Frigyes

211 Compact wide-band integrated optical power splitters

A. Mauriello, G. Perrone, I. Montrosset, P. Bruno, N. Krebs

218 Design and simulation of an innovative integrated grating-assisted add-drop multiplexer

G. Perrone, G. Motta, M. Laurenzano, I. Montrosset

226 Effect of stress on silicon oxynitride optical waveguides

Y. Sun, K. A. McGreer, J. N. Broughton

vi

232 Design, realization, and packaging of a 32-channel 100-GHz DWDM using Echelle grating

J. Qiao, F. Zhao, J. W. Horwitz, X. Deng, J. Zou, V. Villavicencio, R. Collins, R. T. Chen

237 Semiconductor lasers and sol-gel photonic componentsM. Fallahi

241 Design of photonic true-time-delay networks for radar applicationK. S. Swaminathan, T. Srinivas, A. Selvarajan

248 Fabry-Perot resonances in tapered hollow-core fibers

I. Arfaoui, M. A. Duguay

254 Passive/active resonant coupler (PARC) platform with tapered passive waveguideS. S. Saini, Z. Dilli, M. Dagenais, F. G. Johnson, D. R. Stone, H. Shen, J. Pamulapati

256 Impulse response of metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector at high energy level of opticalillumination

S. V. Averine, Y. C. Chan, S. L. Ng, R. Sachot, Y. L. Lam

265 Holographic spherical mirror as a receiver optical front end for wireless in-house infrared

communications

S. T. Jivkova, M. Kavehrad

274 Perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary conditions for a vectorial BPM based on the

Fourier series expansion

J. G. Wanguemert-Perez, I. Molina-Fernandez

280 Improved fiber-chip coupling using low-loss tapered fibers

T. Alder, R. Heinzelmann, A. Stohr, D. Jager

283 Role of photomask resolution on the performance of arrayed-waveguide grating devices

W. Chen, C. D. Lee, Q. Wang, Y.-J. Chen, W. T. Beard, D. Stone, R. F. Smith, R. Mincher,

I. R. Stewart

293 Effective area and nonlinear coefficient measurements of single-mode fibers: recent

interlaboratory comparisonsT. J. Drapela

298 Cross-phase modulation analysis using sinusoidally modulated signalJ.-H. Lee, I. Jacobs

308 Same-source crosstalk in the WDM-OXC

W. Chen, Y.-J. Chen

314 Electroabsorption transceiver (EAT): device concepts and system applications

A. Stohr, R. Heinzelmann, T. Kuri, K. Kitayama, D. Jager

317 Design of an electro-optic-polymer-based Mach-Zehnder modulator

C. J. Haugen, R. G. DeCorby, J. N. McMullin, C. Pulikkaseril

PART III SUBSYSTEMS AND TRANSMISSION PHENOMENA

323 Optical noise figure: fundamental basis and measurement principles

D. M. Baney

VII

329 Noise figure reduction in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers using loop mirror filter

A. K. Atieh

335 New method to equalize static and dynamic OSNR in cascades of EDFAs without in-line

optical filters

M. Menif, A. Bononi, L. A. Rusch, M. Karasek, H. T. Huynh

343 Theoretical analysis of semiconductor-optical-amplifier-based wavelength converters

X. Zhao, F.-S. Choa

348 Measurement of power spread histograms in chains of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs)

fed by live local-area network traffic

Y. Chen, M. Karasek, L. A. Rusch

354 Gain-locking method for dual-stage optical amplifiersM. Begin, J. Lauzon, Y. Rouleau, Y. Mimeault

359 Gain equalization in cascaded optical amplifiers using short-period Bragg gratingsM. Rochette, P.-Y. Cortes, M. Guy, S. LaRochelle, F. Trepanier, J. Lauzon

365 Two-stage gain-shifted EDFA for multiwavelength applicationsM. Karasek

372 Principal states of polarization for an optical pulse in the presence of polarization-dependentloss and polarization mode dispersionP. Lu, L. Chen, X. Bao

379 Pulse narrowing in optical components with polarization mode dispersion using polarizationcontrols

L. Chen, M. Yanez, X. Bao, B. R. Petersen

389 Frequency-dependent group delay responses due to chromatic dispersion and PMD in Bragg

dispersion compensatorsE. S. Simova, C. P. Grover, P. Berini

396 Fully distributed polarization properties of an optical fiber using the backscattering technique

M. Wuilpart, A. J. Rogers, P. Megret, M. Blondel

405 High-order modes in high-capacity optical networks

U. Levy, Y. Danziger

411 Applications of Bragg gratings in optical amplifiers

M. Guy, J. Lauzon, M. Rochette, F. Trepanier

417 Performance of 10-Gb/s multispan lightwave systems using dispersion-compensating fiber

Bragg gratingsS. Jamal, J. C. Cartledge

420 Variational approach to optimal dispersion compensationI. Jacobs, J. K. Shaw, N. Wongsangpaiboon

429 Adaptive equalization approach for canceling the multipath effect in multimode fibers

Y. Cai, T. Adah, Q. Xiang, X. Zhao, J. Zhang, F.-S. Choa

438 Master integral equation for the analysis of a dispersion-managed transmission link

C. Pare, P.-A. Belanger

448 Derivation of dispersion-managed soliton (DMS) parameters for a given dispersion map bysecond-order moments

A. Gajadharsingh, P.-A. Belanger, C. Pare

457 Influence of dispersion propagation regime on the dispersion-supported transmission

performance

J. A. P. Morgado, A. V. T. Cartaxo

469 Influence of relative-intensity noise enhancement by fiber nonlinearity on dispersion-

supported transmission system performanceJ. A. P. Morgado, A. V. T. Cartaxo

481 Dispersion compensation and nonlinear distortion analysis in telecom and CATV co-network

transmission systemsY. Mao, X. Wang

PART IV OPTICAL MATERIALS

490 Multiple-channel InGaAs/lnGaAsP electro-absorption intensity modulator fabricated using

low-energy-phosphorus-ion-implantation-induced intermixingS. L. Ng, H. S. Lim, B. S. Ooi, Y. L. Lam, Y. Zhou, Y. C. Chan, V. Aimez, J. Beauvais,J. Beerens

495 Noninvasive optical topographic evaluation of Cr-Cr203 cermet solar absorbers

M. F. P. Costa, V. Teixeira, C. M. Nunes, A. Monteiro

503 PECVD technology for low-temperature fabrication of silica-on-silicon-based channel

waveguides and devices

L. Wosinski, J. K. Sahu, M. Dainese, H. Fernando

508 Observation of zinc blend to diamond transition in metastable (GaAs)1.x(Ge2)x alloys by Raman

scatteringB. Salazar-Hernandez, M. E. Constantino, M. Torres-Cisneros, P. A. Marquez-Aguilar

515 Structural and compositional properties of epitaxial (GaAs)1.x(Ge2)x thin films grown by rf

magnetron sputteringB. Salazar-Hernandez, M. E. Constantino, J. Escobedo-Alatorre, A. Zamudio-Lara

525 Application of Bragg superlattice filters in low-temperature microrefrigeratorsG. G. Melkonyan, A. M. Gulian, H. Kroger

534 Long-range plasmon-polariton wave propagation in thin metal films of finite width excited

using an end-fire technique

R. Charbonneau, P. Berini, E. Berolo, E. Lisicka-Skrzek

541 Photoreflectance study of electric fields in ZnSe from ZnSe/GaAs/GaAs heterostructures

M. E. Constantino, B. Salazar-Hernandez

ix

547 Parametric instabilities of both space charge and electromagnetic waves in GaAs

semiconductors

M. Tecpoyotl-Torres, B. Salazar-Hernandez, S. V. Koshevaya, G. Burlak, J. Escobedo-Alatorre,A. Zamudio-Lara

553 Optical properties of GaAs at ZnSe/GaAs/GaAs by phase selection in photoreflectanceM. E. Constantino, B. Salazar-Hernandez

559 Single-dot spectroscopy of multiexcitons in AllnAs/AIGaAs quantum dots

K. Hinzer, M. Bayer, 0. Stern, A. Gorbunov, A. W. Forchel, P. Hawrylak, J. M. Lapointe,S. Fafard

565 Optoelectronic switching between luminescence bands in highly doped (Ga.AI) As:Si

A. K. Zehe, A. Ramirez

571 Periodically poled lithium niobate by electron beam: irradiation conditions and second

harmonic generationC. Restoin, V. Couderc, C. Darraud-Taupiac, J. L. Decossas, J. C. Vareille, A. Barthelemy,J. Hauden

579 Optical propeties of In^GaxASyPj.y multiple quantum well heterostructure lasers

C. Rejeb, R. Maciejko, R. Leonelli, D. Morris

597 Quasi-phase-matching using quantum-well-intermixing-induced modulation of the nonlinear

susceptibility of asymmetric quantum wells

J.-P. Bouchard, S. Janz, D.-X. Xu, Z. R. Wasilewski, U. G. Akano, I. V. Mitchell, P. G. Piva,M. Tetu

607 High-precision metal masking for multiple-wavelength laser diode fabrication using single-

step-ion-implantation-induced quantum well intermixingV. Aimez, J. Beauvais, J. Beerens, B. S. Ooi

616 High-quality photonic device fabrication using low-energy-ion-implantation-induced

intermixingV. Aimez, J. Beauvais, J. Beerens, H. S. Lim, S. L. Ng, B. S. Ooi

624 Fabrication and characterization of metalorganic-derived thin barium titanate ferroelectric

films on silicon and magnesium oxide substrates

D. Hernandez Cruz, P. K. Choudhury, B. Sahouli, A. Tork, R. A. Lessard

629 Experimental evidence of internal reflection of two-dimensional beam in photorefractive(SBN61:Ce) interface

J. A. Andrade-Lucio, E. Alvarado-Mendez, M. Torres-Cisneros, R. Rojas-Laguna,0. G. Ibarra-Manzano, R. Jaime-Rivas, J. G. Aviha-Cervantes

635 Travelling-wave lasing in neat films of arylene-vinylene polymersA. Penzkofer, W. Holzer, T. Schmitt, A. Hartmann, C. Bader, H. Tillmann, D. Raabe,

H.-H. Horhold

645 Fluorescence properties of the Schiff-base polymersZ. Mazurak, K. Gornik, D. S$k

650 Luminescence properties of novel substituted polyethersZ. Mazurak, B. Morejko-Buz, D. Neugebauer, A. Stolarzewicz, J. V. Grazulevicius, V. Getautis

659 Dual-grating formation in methacrylate photopolymer films

T. Kojima, Y. Tomita, T. Wada, S. Hayakawa, R. Takasaki

662 Quantum chemical investigation of the Disperse Orange 3 molecule cis-trans isomerization

through linear transition state and design of molecular machines

A. Tamulis, J. Tamuliene, M. L. Balevicius, J.-M. Nunzi

671 Primary photochemical process in chromium-doped polymeric material: interactivity with

holographyM. Bolte, G. Agarwal, C. Pizzocaro, C. Lafond, R. A. Lessard

682 Optical power limiting based on two-photon absorption: a promising approach with

conjugated oligomersP. L. Baldeck, Y. Morel, P. Najechalski, 0. Stephan, J. F. Nicoud, A. Ibanez, J.-M. Nunzi,

R. Anemian, C. Andraud

687 Design principles of high sensitivity in the photochromic media

I. V. Chapurin, S. V. Robu, K. Oba, J. Nielsen, Y. Fainman

692 Photochromic reaction of spiropyran in polymer matrices

A. Tork, F. Boudreault, M. Roberge, T. V. Galstian, R. A. Lessard, A. R. Ritcey

696 Direct writing of optical waveguides on PADC substrate by e-beam [4087-104]

C. Darraud-Taupiac, T. Daoud, I. Niort, J. L. Decossas, J. C. Vareille

704 Holographic recording in thick photopolymer films

T. N. Smirnova, 0. V. Sakhno

712 Mid-infrared optical elements fabricated on polymer materials

M. Ornelas-Rodriguez, S. Calixto

720 Polarization-dependent photoinduced surface microgratings in amorphous chalcogenide

glasses

A. Saliminia, T. V. Galstian, A. Villeneuve, K. A. Richardson, A. G. Graham, C. Lopez, S. Seal,

D. K. Verma, A. Schulte

722 Holographic reflection gratings in dye-doped polymer materials

R. Birabassov, T. V. Galstian

728 Optically induced surface relief gratings on azopolymers

P. L. Rochon, A. Natansohn

732 Characterization of dye-doped polymer films as recording materials

C. Lafond, A. Tork, R. A. Lessard, M. Bolte

741 New photopolymer for holographic optical storage technologyR. Burzynski, D. N. Kumar, M. K. Casstevens, D. Tyczka, S. Ghosal, P. M. Kurtz, J. F. Weibel

754 New photoresists from carbazol-containing photopolymersV. V. Bivol, S. V. Robu, G. Dragalina, L. Bostan, A. M. Prisacari, A. Coban

761 Holographic volume gratings recorded on self-developing photopolymers: unseized advantages

in optical engineeringE. A. Tikhonov

xi

770 Two-beam coupling in R6G-doped boric acid glass films

K. K. Sharma, A. Sharan

775 Use of photorefractive materials for holographic recording: from crystal study to camera

device in view of applied holographic interferometryPh. C. Lemaire, M. P. Georges

PART V LASERS TECHNOLOGIES

787 Laser mode control with holographic mirrors

R. Massudi, D. Jeannette, M. Piche

795 Stable resonators with a graded reflectivity output couplerM. Morin, D. Cantin, M. Poirier

803 Juggling atomic clocks [4087-118]

C. Fertig, K. Gibble

808 Detecting femtowatt with lasers

R. Gabet, G. M. Stephan, P. Besnard

811 Numerical propagation algorithm for partially coherent beams

M. Morin, M. Poirier

817 Effect of group velocity mismatch on second harmonic autocorrelation considering different

pulse shapesS. C. Ruan, F. Zhang, Q. Zhu, G. P. Zhu

824 Effect of background acceptor impurity on the radiative transition in low-dimensional InGaAs

material

X. Wang, F.-S. Choa

831 Adiabatic mode expansion laser diodes fabricated by selective area growthJ. P. Zhang, X. J. Wang, J. Y. Fan, Q. Xiang, F.-S. Choa

836 Selective area growth materials for widely tunable semiconductor lasers

J. P. Zhang, X. J. Zhao, X. J. Wang, F.-S. Choa, J. Lin, G. M. Carter

840 Assessment of transmission performance of external-cavity semiconductor lasers

A. V. T. Cartaxo, J. A. P. Morgado

851 Steady-state stability of external-cavity semiconductor lasers operating at the strong-feedback

regimeA. V. T. Cartaxo, J. A. P. Morgado

863 Mode locking of a ring cavity semiconductor diode laser

L. Desbiens, A. Yesayan, M. Piche

870 Characterization of the coherence properties of a multilongitudinal-mode erbium-doped fiber

ring laser using a Michelson interferometer

V. Roy, M. Piche, F. Babin, G. W. Schinn

878 Dynamics of soliton-like pulse generation in a multichannel fiber laser systemL. C. Gomez-Pavon, E. Marti-Panameno

xii

885 Switchable dual-wavelength fiber lasers constructed from an Er3+-doped fiber quasi-ring

combined with FBGs

J. Yao, Y. Zhou, Y. L. Lam, J. Liu, Y. Wang, S. C. Tjin, J. Yao

893 Broadband discrete and continuous wavelength tuning of erbium-doped fiber ring lasers

A. Bellemare, M. Begin, M. Guy, S. LaRochelle, G. W. Schinn, M. Tetu

899 New pumping schemes for the Tm-doped ZBLAN blue upconversion fiber laser operating at

455 nm

D. Faucher, P. Laperle, R. Vallee

910 Generation and characterization of sub-10-fs laser pulses

G. Rousseau, N. McCarthy, M. Piche

921 New type of nanocomposite material for optical applications: organic nanocrystals in sol-gelglassesI. Wang, N. Sanz, A. Ibanez, J.-F. Nicoud, P. L. Baldeck

924 Nonlinear optical properties in PMMA films with dispersed silver nanoparticlesM. Torres-Cisneros, N. Yanagihara, R. Jaime-Rivas, 0. G. Ibarra-Manzano, R. Rojas-Laguna,

E. Alvarado-Mendez, J. A. Andrade-Lucio, M. Trejo, R. Guzman-Cabrera

PART VI REMOTE SENSING

930 Solid state UV laser development for the remote sensing of ozone from space

R. E. Campbell, W. C. Edwards, J. C. Barnes, M. E. Storm, L. B. Petway, W. D. Marsh,

S. Chen

939 Retrieval of cloud liquid water content and effective droplet diameter from multiply scattered

lidar returns

L. R. Bissonnette, G. Roy, G. Vallee, S. Cantin

947 Monitoring of tropospheric clouds and precipitation with a dual-polarization scanning lidar

G. Roy, L. R. Bissonnette, G. Vallee, S. Cantin

957 Static polarization interference imaging spectrometer (SPIIS)

C. Zhang, X. Bin, B. Zhao

962 Passive remote monitoring of chemical vapors with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometerJ.-M. Theriault, C. Bradette, L. Moreau

973 Aerosol emission for biological aerosol clouds: implications to passive IR remote sensingA. Ben-David, J. 0. Jensen, A. I. Ifarraguerri, W. R. Loerop

981 Industrial fiber lidar: some applications

B. Belanger, A. Fougeres, M. Talbot, G. Roy

988 Optical mixing in coherent lidar: comparing three schemes

R. S. Hansen, L. Lading, G. M. Miller

993 Imaging planets about other stars with UMBRAS: target acquisition and station keeping

H. M. Hart, I. Jordan, A. B. Schultz, J. L. Hershey, M. Kochte, F. C. Hamilton, D. A. Fraquelli,

D. J. Schroeder, F. Bruhweiler, M. A. DiSanti, C. L. Miskey, B. Johnson, M. S. Fadali,

M. Rodrigue, K. P. Cheng, R. Clark

1004 Photonic phased-array antenna system based on detector-switched optical Blass matrix true-

time-delay steering and heterodyne rf generationB. Li, Y. Chen, N. Jiang, Z. Fu, S. Tang, R. T. Chen

1008 Mission configurable threat detection sensor suite

J. Fortin, A. Cantin, J. Dubois, C. Trudel

PART VII BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

1020 Discrimination of bacteria on food using laser-induced bacterial autofluorescence

P. J. Hilton, M. Plagmann

1027 Characterization of biofilms with a fiber optic spectrometerS. Krautwald, A. Tonyali, B. Fellerhoff, H. Franke, A. Tamachkiarov, T. Griebe,

H.-C. Flemming

1037 3D optical digitation applied to orthodontics: analysis of unilateral cleft lip and palate in

newborn infants

F. Canal, J. Garcia-Mateos, J. Rodriguez-Larena, A. Rivera, E. Aparicio

1043 3D OCT images from retina and skin

A. Gh. Podoleanu, J. A. Rogers, S. Dunne, D. A. Jackson

1050 Laser fabrication of integrated microfluidic/micro-optic systems

J. N. McMullin

1056 On-chip microfabricated capillaries for hyper Rayleigh scattering of nonlinear optical organic

molecules

A. Grosse, M. Grewe, H. Fouckhardt

1067 3D interactive visualization of light-tissue interaction using Java

R. Splinter, R. Ramaiah, H. Deshmukh, M. Y. A. Raja

1079 Polarimetric detection of cached objects and chiral solutes by light scattering in turbid media

M. P. Silverman, W. Strange

1089 Imaging through turbulence with the volume-holographic confocal microscope

M. Balberg, G. Barbastathis, D. J. Brady

PART VIII INDUSTRIAL OPTICS

1091 Phase-shifting digital holography and applications

1. Yamaguchi

1102 Heterodyne white-light interferometer using optical gratingA. Hirai, H. Matsumoto

1106 Laser ultrasonics: a new tool for the industry

A. Blouin, M. Choquet, D. Levesque, A. Moreau, J.-P. Monchalin

1118 Short response time fiber-coupled photorefractive ultrasonic demodulator

B. Campagne, A. Blouin, J.-P. Monchalin

xiv

1127 Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with low-energy laser pulsesG. W. Rieger, M. Taschuk, Y. Y. Tsui, R. Fedosejevs

1137 Laser fluorescence inhibition at the interface of a glass and an optically thick Cs vapor

J.-M. Gagne, K. Le Bris, F. Babin, M.-C. Gagne

1149 Strain monitoring of the Rollinsford bridge using distributed sensingA. W. Brown, M. D. DeMerchant, X. Bao, R. E. Steffen

1157 Strain sensing in fiber optic coils with buried Bragg gratingsA. Sharma, L. Phillips, S. J. Burgett, P. B. Ruffin, W. Long

1163 Stimulated Brillouin scattering using short probe pulses: an unsuspected transient response

with advantageous consequences in distributed sensing at high spatial resolutionV. Lecceuche, D. J. Webb, C. N. Pannell, D. A. Jackson

1167 Optical fiber sensors for high-temperature measurement using fluorescence techniquesK. T. V. Grattan, T. Sun, S. A. Wade, Z. Y. Zhang

1175 Application of side-hole fibers for dynamic pressure measurements

W. J. Bock, M. S. Nawrocka, W. Urbanczyk

1180 Laboratory and field measurements with a fiber optic soil moisture sensor

A. Fields, R. Swain, R. Kennedy, W. R. Belisle, T. L. Coleman, A. Sharma

1188 Quantum dot intermixing with thermal and laser annealingC. Ni. Allen, J. J. Dubowski, P. G. Piva, S. Fafard

1194 Micromachining with femtosecond 250-nm laser pulsesC. Li, M. Argument, Y. Y. Tsui, R. Fedosejevs

1201 Interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with metals

Y. Y. Tsui, C. Li, R. Fedosejevs, C. E. Capjack

1207 Pulsed laser deposition of lithium niobate thin films

L. Canale, C. Girault-Di Bin, F. Cosset, A. Bessaudou, A. Celerier, J. L. Decossas, J. C. Vareille

1214 Triangulation-based sensor for noncontact micro- and nanotopographic surface inspectionM. F. M. Costa

1222 Hybrid electro-optic/inductive current sensor for high-voltage power system applicationsJ. D. Bull, N. A. F. Jaeger, F. Rahmatian

1229 Integrated-optic voltage transducer for high-voltage applicationsP. P. Chavez, N. A. F. Jaeger, F. Rahmatian, C. P. Yakymyshyn

1238 Correction techniques for Fourier transform spectrometer measurements of short infrared

pulsesJ.-P. Ardouin

1246 In-situ film thickness measurement for CVD by use of spectrometerT. Ino, A. Soga, Y. Akama, N. Nishida

xv

1253 High-speed two-dimensional bar-code detection system with time-sharing laser light emission

method

H. Wakaumi, C. Nagasawa

1259 General analyses on effects of nonparallel grating planes in Talbot interferometry

Q. Liu, R. Ohba

PART IX OPTICAL COMPUTING AND DIFFRACTIVE OPTICS

1267 Decision feedback equalizer and hybrid error correction coding for digital holographic optical

memory systemA. S. Choi, W. S. Baek

1276 Analysis of integrated optical directional coupler array architecture for optical computing

T. Srinivas, A. Selvarajan, D. Anil Kumar

1282 Optical coherence tomography by spatio-temporal joint transform correlator

Y. Yasuno, M. Nakama, Y. Sutoh, N. Yoshikawa, M. Itoh, T. Yatagai, M. Mori

1286 Analysis of grating detuning on volume holographic data storage

S. H. Lin, K. Y. Hsu

1290 Photonic crystals based on opal structures

A. L. Reynolds, D. Cassagne, C. Jouanin

1298 Infrared holography on poly(acrylic acid) films

R. M. Beaulieu, R. A. Lessard

1302 Spatial filtering of IR laser diodes by holographic technique

P. Pilot, T. V. Galstian

1310 New irradiance approach for evaluation of diffraction errors

J. G. Suarez-Romero, E. Tepichin-Rodriguez, K. D. Mielenz

1315 Abstracts of Papers Unavailable for Publication

1347 Subject Index

1354 Author Index

xvi