APPLICATIONS OF FLUID

MECHANICS

BY-VISHU SHARMA

INTRODUCTION TO FLUID MECHANICS

•Fluid mechanics is the branch of physics that studies the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) and the forces on them.

• It models matter from a macroscopic viewpoint rather than from microscopic.

BROAD CLASSIFICATION

WHAT IS FLUID. HOW IS IT DIFFERENT FROM SOLIDS?

• A fluid is a substance that deforms continuously under the application of a shear (tangential) stress no matter how small the shear stress may be

• The amount of deformation of the solid depends on the solid’s modulus of rigidity. The rate of deformation of the fluid depends on the fluid’s viscosity μ.

BASIC LAWS GOVERNING FLUID MECHANICS

• 1. The conservation of mass and energy

• 2. Newton’s second law of motion• 3. The principle of angular momentum

• 4. The first law of thermodynamics• 5. The second law of thermodynamics

SCOPE OF FLUID MECHANICS

• Design of canal and dam systems• Design of turbomachinery• Design of and piping and ducting used in the water , HVAC systems and process engineering

• Aerodynamics of automobiles ,airplanes and large buildings

• Weather forecasting……

AREAS OF APPLICATIONS

FLUID AS COOLANTS

•POWER PLANTS•ENGINES•ELECTRONICS•MACHINING PROCESS

WHATS NEW?

Ordinary coolants like air, water, mineral oils, and other organic liq have low heat transfer characteristics

NANOFLUIDS AS COOLANTS

• engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid

• Enhanced thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient

AERODYNAMICS

AIR FLOW PATTERN OVER WINGS OF AIRCRAFT

STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN HIGH SPEED TRAINS

AIRFLOW OVER LARGE BUILDINGS

DEVELOPMENTS?

AIRBUS-A380 The Blended Wing-Body Aircraft. X-48B prototype in the full-scale NASA tunnel

RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

A-WIND POWER B- WAVE POWER

WIND TURBINE

WAVE ENERGY CONVERTOR(WEC)

BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

HUMAN HEART ARTIFICIAL HEART

SMART FLUIDS

• A smart fluid is a fluid whose properties (for example the viscosity) can be changed by applying an electric field or a magnetic field

• MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL (MR) AND ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS (ER)

• FERROFLUID

STRUCTURES

MR AND ER FERROFLUID

MR AND ER• suspension of the automobile

• reduce vibration in washing machines ACs compressors, rockets and satellites

• seismic dampers used in buildings

• as bulletproof vests

MEMS• tiny gas-turbine engines made of silicon ranging in size from a micrometer to a millimeter

• “lab-on-a-chip” technology, immediate point-of care diagnosis of diseases, such as real-time detection of bacteria, viruses, and cancers

FERROFLUID• as a thruster mechanism

• form liquid seals around the spinning drive shafts in hard disks

• magnetic drug targeting (hyperthermia)

• enhanced contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

SHARK SKIN IN SWIM SUITS

These denticles are nature’s way of reducing drag on the shark.Athletes in competitive sports are using technology • reduce drag in

key areas of the body

• eliminate most of the fabric vibration

THANK YOU