applications new developments julien noel – north star … of ct... · 2014-04-30 ·...
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JulienJulien Noel Noel –– North Star Imaging, Inc.North Star Imaging, Inc.
Computed TomographyComputed TomographyApplicationsApplications & New DevelopmentsNew Developments
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Basics of Computed Basics of Computed TomographyTomography
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Definition (Wikipedia)
“Computed Tomography (CT) […] is a medical imaging method employing tomography where digital geometry processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the internals of an objectfrom a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.
The word "tomography" is derived from the Greek tomos (slice) and graphein (to write)”
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1967 : The idea of a CT scanner is conceived by Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield.
1972 : The first commercially viable CT scanner was invented by Hounsfield in Hayes, England.
1979 : Nobel Prize in medicine for Hounsfield and Cormack.
33 mswide fan electron beam1284 detectorselectron beamFifth
10 ms / 3DCone-BeamMatrix 2DRotateSixth
1 secwide fan600~4800Rotate-fixedFourth
0.5 secwide fan256~1000Rotate-rotateThird
10 secnarrow fan3~52translate-rotateSecond
2.5 minpencil thin1~2translate-rotateFirst
min scan timebeamdetectorsconfigurationGeneration
Brief history
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PRINCIPLE OF CT PRINCIPLE OF CT
2d Radiograph 2d CT Slice 3d CT Volume Rendering
3d CT Surface Rendering
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CT systems
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Main components of CT system
X-ray tube : minifocus (0.4 mm 4 mm) CT
microfocus (<1µm 10 µm) microCT
X-ray detector : Linear detector
Image Intensifier + CCD camera
Flat panel
Manipulator with 1 rotation axis
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CT Software
Calibration
ReconstructionFiltered Back-Projection Algorithm (Feldkamp)
2D & 3D Visualisation
Measurements
Surface Extraction – Point cloud data set
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ApplicationsApplications
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Medical
Research Labs
Industry
Others e.g. museums
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Aerospace, Aviation : E.g. turbine, carbon fiber, connectors, tailpipe
Automotive : E.g. cylinder head, piston, spark plug, injector
Electronics : Small electronic components. E.g. BGA solder joint.
Microdevices : E.g. spray nozzle
Medical Devices : E.g. Devices for asthmatics, Pacemaker, implants …
Food and seeds : E.g. piece of chocolate cake, broken glass in beverage
Diamonds : E.g. detecting defects in a diamond and finding the best way to cut it.
Nuclear : E.g inspect radioactive waste
Others : E.g. cigarettes
Polymers, plastics : E.g. plastic foam
Composite materials and metallic foams : E.g. composite material with glass fibers 10 to 12 micrometres in diameter
Wood and paper : E.g. piece of wood to visualize year periodicity and cell structure
Building materials : E.g. concrete after loading.
Geology : E.g. sandstone
Biomedical : E.g. Both dead and alive (in-vivo) rat and mouse scanning, Human skin samples, small tumors, mice bone for osteoporosis research.
Medical Industry
Research Labs
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INDUSTRIAL USE OF CTINDUSTRIAL USE OF CTINDUSTRIAL USE OF CT
Research (material structure, new material analysis, density analysis …) – R&D / Research
Inspection / NDT (inclusions, cracks, porosities, displacement …) – Quality control
Reverse engineering / rapid prototyping (surface rendering, CAD) – Drawing/Design
Measurements – Metrology
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Application #1Application #1
ResearchResearch
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Plaster foam – size 10 x 4 mm
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Wood samples
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Application #2Application #2
InspectionInspection
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Plastic Part
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CT Application – Flaw Detection
Aluminum Casting Rendering
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CT Application – Flaw Detection
Slice with Measured Porosity
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CT Application – Flaw Detection
Surface Rendering Transparent
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CT Application – Flaw Detection
Internal Surface Rendering with Porosity
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CT Application – Flaw Detection
Surface Rendering with Lines
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Aluminum Casting
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BGA electronic component
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Crimp – size 2,5mm
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150 mm composite part
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150 mm composite part
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DemoDemo
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Application #3Application #3
Reverse EngineeringReverse Engineering
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• Map 3D volume creating a point cloud data set.
• Useful for model comparison, rapid prototyping, reverse engineering, flaw visualization and report production.
CT Software – Surface Mapping
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CT Application – Rapid Prototyping
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CT Application – Reverse Engineering
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Export 3D volume file to surface STL, IGES, point clouds for CAD compatibility
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50mm automobile brass plug
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Spark plug –
Steel + ceramic
automobile industry
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Wires – aerospaceindustry
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Application #4Application #4
MeasurementsMeasurements
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Turbine blade
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Injector Nozzle
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CT systemsCT systemsnew featuresnew features
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Local CTLocal CT
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CT Software – Local Tomography
• Reconstruct a portion of the 2D sequence data.
• Automatically follows the area of interest, not geometry.
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CT Software – Local Tomography
Applications• Part does not allow for
needed geometric magnification.
• New area of interest is found after initial acquisition.
• Higher resolution reconstruction is required in a specific area of interest.
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CT Software – Local Tomography
Result:• Highly magnified
reconstruction.• Relatively small
reconstruction volume.
• High resolution data in area of interest.
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400 mm diam.
Composite aerospace sample
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MultiMulti--angle CTangle CT
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CT Software – Multi-reconstruction
• 360 degree radiographic acquisition is not needed to create a volumetric reconstruction.
• More data = Better results• Single acquisition sets of 120 degrees or less have
produced adequate reconstructions. Application dependent.
• Two or more acquisition sets can be combined for a singe volume.
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CT Software – Multi-reconstruction
360 Degree Data 240 Degree Data 120 Degree Data
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Ultra fast CTUltra fast CT
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The benefit
512x512x512 voxel reconstruction = 16 seconds
(current software version = 7 minutes)
The application
20 x faster reconstruction
In-line CT
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In-Line CT control
• Targeted control cycle ~ 30 sec
• Inspection or/and 3d metrology
• Fully automatic process
• Zero defect
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Dedicated cabinet
Custom systems
CT upgrade
Service facility
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Thanks for your attention !Thanks for your attention !Any question ?Any question ?
Computed TomographyComputed TomographyApplicationsApplications – new developmentsnew developments