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APPENDIX TABLES

Colombia WT/TPR/S/172Page 135

Table AI.1Merchandise exports by product, 1997-2004(US$ million and per cent)

Description 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 (US$ million)Total 11,549 10,821 11,617 13,158 12,301 11,897 13,092 16,730 (% of total)Total primary products 68.9 67.9 70.3 67.5 60.5 61.3 61.1 59.5 Agriculture 37.0 37.0 29.1 23.7 23.4 24.5 22.9 21.3 Food 31.9 31.6 24.1 19.0 18.2 18.5 17.4 16.9 0711 Coffee, not roasted 19.6 17.5 11.6 8.1 6.2 6.6 6.2 5.7 0573 Bananas 4.4 4.4 4.8 3.7 3.3 3.7 3.2 2.6 0011 Bovine animals, live 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0622 Sugar confectionary 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0612 Other beet or cane sugar and chemically

pure sucrose1.0 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.8

4222 Palm oil and its fractions 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0611 Sugars, beet or cane, raw 1.1 1.7 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.5 0713 Extracts of coffee and preparations 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 1222 Cigarettes 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 Agricultural raw materials 5.1 5.4 5.0 4.7 5.3 6.0 5.5 4.5 2927 Cut flowers and foliage 4.7 5.2 4.8 4.4 5.0 5.7 5.2 4.2 Mining 31.9 30.9 41.2 43.7 37.1 36.7 38.2 38.2 Ores and other minerals 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 2882 Non-ferrous base metal waste and scrap 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 Non-ferrous metals 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 6842 Aluminium and aluminium alloys 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Fuels 31.4 30.3 40.5 43.1 36.3 35.9 37.2 36.9 3330 Petroleum oils, crude 20.2 19.1 28.7 30.5 21.1 21.7 18.9 17.9 3212 Other coal 7.6 8.5 7.3 6.6 9.4 8.2 10.6 10.5 3510 Electric current 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.6Manufactures 30.5 31.9 29.6 32.5 39.4 37.8 34.3 37.0 Iron and steel 1.8 1.6 1.9 2.4 2.8 3.1 4.0 4.9 6715 Other ferro-alloys 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.3 3.2 3.8 Chemicals 9.3 10.1 10.2 10.2 11.1 11.2 9.3 9.2 5731 Polyvinyl chloride 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1 5751 Polymers of propylene 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 5429 Medicaments, n.e.s. 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.1 0.9 5912 Fungicides 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 5822 Other strip, of plastics 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 Other semi-manufactures 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.2 7.5 7.8 7.1 6.6 6429 Paper, paperboard, n.e.s. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 6612 Cement 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 6114 Other bovine leather and equine leather 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 Machinery and transport equipment 3.8 3.9 2.6 4.3 6.7 5.6 3.3 5.4 Power-generating machinery 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 Other non-electrical machinery 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.0 Agricultural machinery and tractors 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Office machines and telecommunications

equipment0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3

Other electrical machinery 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.0 1.2 Automotive products 1.7 1.5 0.6 1.7 3.5 2.8 0.9 2.5 7812 Motor vehicles for the transport of

persons, n.e.s.0.3 0.2 0.2 1.0 1.9 1.4 0.3 1.5

7821 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods

0.8 0.7 0.2 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.6

Other transport equipment 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 Textiles 2.5 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.9 Clothing 3.9 4.0 3.7 4.0 4.6 4.4 4.9 5.2 Other consumer goods 3.5 4.0 3.3 3.5 4.4 4.0 4.1 3.8Other 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.0 4.5 3.4 Gold 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.9 4.5 3.4 9710 Gold, non-monetary 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.9 4.5 3.4

Source: United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), Comtrade database (Standard International Trade Classification, SITC Rev.3).

WT/TPR/S/172 Trade Policy ReviewPage 136

Table AI.2Merchandise imports by product, 1997-2004(US$ million and per cent)

Description 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

(US$ million)Total 15,379 14,677 10,659 11,757 12,820 13,190 13,881 17,100 (% of total)Total primary products 18.6 18.2 19.6 19.2 17.6 17.4 17.5 16.6 Agriculture 13.3 13.7 15.1 14.7 14.0 13.9 13.7 12.6 Food 11.1 11.8 12.9 11.9 11.7 11.7 11.2 10.6 0449 Other maize 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.9 1.9 1.9 0412 Other wheat 0.1 0.3 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 0813 Oilcake and other solid residues 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9 2222 Soya beans 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 Agricultural raw materials 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.8 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.0 Mining 5.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 3.6 3.5 3.8 4.0 Ores and other minerals 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 Non-ferrous metals 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 2.0 6842 Aluminium and aluminium

alloys, worked0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5

6841 Aluminium and aluminium alloys, unwrought

0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5

6824 Copper wire 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 Fuels 2.9 2.1 2.5 2.1 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.6 3330 Petroleum oils, crude 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3Manufactures 79.0 79.4 78.9 80.4 81.1 82.0 81.1 82.3 Iron and steel 4.0 4.1 2.6 3.8 3.4 3.2 3.7 4.9 Chemicals 17.8 18.6 22.1 23.2 21.7 25.3 22.0 21.6 5429 Medicaments, n.e.s. 1.0 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.4 5111 Acyclic hydrocarbons 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.4 5113 Halogenated derivatives of

hydrocarbons0.8 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2

5711 Polyethylene 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9 Other semi-manufactures 7.5 7.0 7.6 7.6 7.0 6.8 6.4 6.4 6417 Paper, paperboard 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 6252 Tyres, pneumatic, new, of a kind

used on buses or lorries0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

6251 Tyres, pneumatic, new, of a kind used on motor cars

0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Machinery and transport equipment 39.1 38.6 34.5 32.9 37.0 35.4 37.9 38.9 Power-generating machinery 3.0 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.4 Other non-electrical machinery 9.6 9.1 9.4 8.4 9.7 7.5 9.4 11.2 7283 Machinery (other than machine

tools) for processing minerals0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 2.5

7284 Machinery, n.e.s. 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6Agricultural machinery and tractors 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

Office machines and telecommunications equipment

10.4 12.0 9.6 9.0 9.4 9.6 10.9 10.2

7643 Radio transmission apparatus 2.8 4.0 1.8 2.3 2.4 2.7 3.6 3.8 7611 Television receivers 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 7523 Digital processing units 0.5 0.6 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.7 0.9 Other electrical machinery 4.0 4.6 3.6 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.8 Automotive products 7.9 6.9 4.1 5.5 5.7 6.8 7.2 8.1

Table AI.2 (cont'd)


Description 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 7812 Motor vehicles for the transport

of persons, n.e.s.4.5 3.9 1.8 2.6 2.6 3.8 3.8 4.0

7821 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods

1.4 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.5

7843 Other parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of groups 722, 781, 782 and 783

1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1

Other transport equipment 4.1 4.1 6.0 5.0 8.2 7.7 6.4 5.3 7924 Aeroplanes and other aircraft 1.2 1.6 1.8 0.4 2.8 3.1 3.5 2.4 7929 Parts, n.e.s. (not including tyres, engines and electrical parts)

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.7

Textiles 2.9 3.2 3.9 4.7 4.3 4.0 3.9 4.0 Clothing 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 Other consumer goods 7.0 7.4 7.6 7.5 7.2 6.9 6.5 6.0Other 2.4 2.4 1.5 0.5 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.1 Gold 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0



Table AI.3Merchandise imports by trading partner, 1997-2004(US$ million and per cent)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

(US$ million)World 15,379 14,677 10,659 11,757 12,820 13,190 13,881 17,100 (% of total) America 64.0 60.1 66.2 62.9 62.9 59.1 59.3 59.7 USA 35.3 32.2 37.3 33.2 34.7 30.7 29.6 28.1 Other America 28.7 27.9 28.9 29.7 28.2 28.4 29.7 31.6 Canada 3.0 3.5 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.1 2.3 2.2 Brazil 3.3 3.2 4.0 4.3 4.5 4.9 5.5 7.9 Venezuela 10.4 8.9 8.1 8.0 6.2 6.0 5.2 6.2 Mexico 3.9 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.6 5.1 5.4 5.5 Ecuador 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.2 Chile 1.6 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.0 Argentina 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.9 Europe 20.5 22.4 20.1 18.0 19.2 19.3 17.4 15.0 EC(25) 18.8 20.5 18.6 16.6 17.5 17.9 15.9 13.9 Germany 4.9 5.3 4.7 4.2 4.4 3.9 4.4 4.0 Italy 2.5 2.7 2.3 2.1 3.1 2.1 2.1 1.8 France and Monaco 3.2 3.2 3.8 3.2 2.7 1.8 2.8 1.7 Spain 2.3 3.1 2.2 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.6 United Kingdom 1.8 2.3 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 EFTA 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.0 Switzerland and Liechtenstein 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.9 Other Europe 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 Turkey 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 CISa 0.7 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8

Russian Federation 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.5 Ukraine 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 Africa 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.2 Middle East 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 Israel 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.4 Asia 12.4 13.1 11.9 13.6 14.3 15.2 16.5 18.6 China 1.2 1.5 2.1 3.0 3.7 4.0 5.0 7.3 Japan 6.2 6.7 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.7 4.6 4.1 Six East Asian Traders 3.7 3.7 3.7 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.3 Korea, Republic of 1.9 2.0 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.4 3.0 Chinese Taipei 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.0 Thailand 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 Malaysia 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 Singapore 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 Hong Kong, China SAR 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 Other Asia 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.9 2.0 India 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.1 Indonesia 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 Other 1.6 2.4 0.6 3.7 2.2 4.5 4.9 5.3Memorandum: EC(15) 18.5 20.2 18.2 16.3 17.2 17.6 15.5 13.3Andean Community 14.5 12.9 13.5 13.7 10.9 11.0 11.0 10.8

a The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) comprises Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.


Table AI.4Merchandise exports by trading partner, 1997-2004(US$ million and per cent)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

(US$ million)World 11,549 10,821 11,617 13,158 12,301 11,897 13,092 16,730 (% of total) America 68.6 69.7 76.4 80.9 80.2 78.7 77.2 77.0 USA 37.9 38.3 50.1 50.4 43.4 44.8 47.1 42.1 Other America 30.7 31.4 26.3 30.5 36.7 34.0 30.1 34.9 Canada 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.3 0.9 Venezuela 8.6 10.6 7.9 9.9 14.1 9.4 5.3 9.7 Ecuador 4.7 5.3 2.8 3.5 5.7 6.8 5.9 6.0 Peru 4.7 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.3 2.9 3.0 3.3 Mexico 1.0 1.2 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.6 2.7 3.1 Dominican Republic 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.4 2.6 2.6 Chile 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 Costa Rica 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.4 Europe 24.1 23.8 17.6 14.1 14.8 15.5 16.1 15.5 EC(25) 23.2 23.3 17.2 13.9 14.2 13.8 14.5 14.1 Netherlands 2.9 2.6 1.4 0.9 0.9 1.1 2.3 2.3 Italy 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.2 Belgium 0.0 0.0 2.4 1.7 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.7 United Kingdom 1.9 2.2 1.9 1.8 2.3 1.3 1.4 1.7 Germany 6.3 6.3 4.2 3.3 3.4 2.8 2.0 1.6 EFTA 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.5 1.5 1.1 1.0 Other Europe 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4 Turkey 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 CISa 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4

Russian Federation 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 Africa 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.5 South Africa 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 Morocco 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Middle East 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 Israel 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 Asia 4.5 3.5 3.3 3.0 2.6 3.2 3.7 4.1 China 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 Japan 3.1 2.5 2.1 1.8 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.6 Six East Asian Traders 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.4 Korea, Republic of 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 Chinese Taipei 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 Singapore 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 Hong Kong, China SAR 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Thailand 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Other Asia 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 Australia 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Sri Lanka 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Other 1.2 1.4 1.4 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.8Memorandum: EC(15) 22.7 22.9 16.9 13.7 14.0 13.7 14.4 13.8Andean Community 18.4 19.7 14.2 16.6 22.4 19.5 14.6 19.4

a The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) comprises Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.


Table AII.1Selected notifications to the WTO, January 2006

WTO Agreement Description of requirement Frequency Document

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994Article XVIII:C Governmental assistance to

economic developmentAd hoc WT/COMTD/N/8 (30 April 1998)

Article XXIV:7(a) Customs unions and free-trade areas

Ad hoc Not yet submitted

Paragraph 4(a) of the Decision of 28 November 1979 (L/4903)

Enabling clause Ad hoc Not yet submitted

Decision on Notification Procedures for Quantitative RestrictionsWTO document G/L/59 Quantitative restrictions Reports every two

years and notification of changes

Not yet submitted

Agreement on AgricultureArticle 18.2 Tariff quota administration Comprehensive one-

off notification; subsequently notification of changes

G/AG/N/COL/1 (25 September 1995)

Article 18.2 Imports subject to tariff quotas On an annual basis G/AG/N/COL/29 (13 May 2005)a

Article 5.7 Special safeguard On an annual basis G/AG/N/COL/27 (4 May 2005)a

Article 18.2 and 18.3 Domestic support On an annual basis G/AG/N/COL/30 (20 May 2005)a

G/AG/N/COL/23 (28 November 2000)a

Article 18.2 Export subsidies On an annual basis G/AG/N/COL/28 and Add.1 (12 December 2005)a b

Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary MeasuresAnnex B. paragraph 3 Enquiry point Once only,

subsequently notification of changes

G/SPS/ENQ/19 (25 January 2006)

Annex B. paragraph 10 National notification authority Once only, subsequently notification of changes

G/SPS/NNA/9 (25 January 2006)

Annex B. paragraphs 5and 6

Proposed or emergency measures Before or, in the case of urgent problems, immediately after the measure is taken

G/SPS/N/COL/1-105 (27 January 2006)b

Agreement on Technical Barriers to TradeArticles 2, 3, 5 and 7 Proposed and adopted technical

regulationsBefore or, in the case of urgent problems, immediately after the measure is taken

G/TBT/N/COL/1-75 (12 January 2006)b

Article 10.1 and 10.3 Enquiry point Once only, subsequently notification of changes

G/TBT/ENQ/26 (7 March 2005)

Article 15.2 Implementation and administration measures

Once only, subsequently notification of changes

G/TBT/2/Add.18/Rev.1 (5 July 2005)

Article 10.7 Agreements relating to technical regulations, standards or conformity assessment procedures

Ad hoc G/TBT/10.7/N/32 and 33 (4 September 2001)

Paragraph C of the Code of Good Practice for the Preparation, Adoption and Application of Standards

Standardizing bodies that have accepted the Code

Once only and when withdrawing from the Code

G/TBT/CS/N/19 (28 November 1995)

Paragraph J of the Code of Good Practice for the Preparation, Adoption and Application of Standards

Work programme of bodies that have accepted the Code

On a semi-annual basis

Not yet submitted

Table AII.1 (cont'd)


WTO Agreement Description of requirement Frequency DocumentAgreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS)Article 5.1 TRIMS that are not in conformity

with the provisions of the Agreement

Once only G/TRIMS/N/1/COL/1-3 (10 June 2004)b

Article 6.2 Publications in which TRIMS may be found


G/TRIMS/N/2/Rev.9 (28 September 2001)

Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the GATT 1994 (Anti-Dumping Agreement)Article 16.4 Anti-dumping actions On a semi-annual

basisG/ADP/N/139/COL (25 January 2006)a

Article 16.5 Investigating authority Once only, subsequently notification of changes

G/ADP/N/14/Add.3 (20 January 1997)

Article 18.5 Laws and regulations Once only, subsequently notification of changes

G/ADP/N/1/COL/1 (3 April 1995)

Agreement on Implementation of Article VII of the GATT 1994 (Agreement on Customs Valuation)Article 22.2 and Decision of the WTO Committee on Customs Valuation (12 May 1995)

Legislation Once only, subsequently notification of changes

G/VAL/N/1/COL/1 (23 January 2001)

Decision of the WTO Committee on Customs Valuation (12 May 1995)

Responses to the checklist of issues

Once only G/VAL/N/2/COL/1 (24 January 2001)

Article 20.1 Special provisions available to developing country Members (delayed application of the Agreement)

Once only WT/Let/1/Rev.2 (22 May 1995)

Article 20.2 Special provisions available to developing country Members (delayed application of specified provisions)


Annex III. paragraph 2 Special provisions available to developing country Members (use of minimum values)

Once only G/VAL/N/4/COL/1-4 (21 May 2003)b

Annex III. paragraph 3 Special provisions available to developing country Members (reversal of the order of Articles 5 and 6)


Annex III. paragraph 4 Special provisions available to developing country Members (reservation with respect to paragraph 2 of Article 5)


Agreement on Preshipment InspectionArticle 5 Laws and regulations Once only,


G/PSI/N/1/Add.2 (26 July 1995)

Agreement on Rules of OriginArticle 5.1 Non-preferential rules of origin Once only,


Not yet submitted

Annex II. paragraph 4 Preferential rules of origin Ad hoc G/RO/N/12 (1 October 1996)Agreement on Import Licensing ProceduresArticle 2.2 (footnote 5) Delayed application of certain

provisions relating to automatic import licensing procedures

Ad hoc WT/Let/1/Rev.2 (22 May 1995)

Article 1.4(a) and Article 8.2(b)

Laws and regulations; rules and information concerning procedures for the submission of applications


G/LIC/N/1/COL/1 and Add.1 (14 February 2001)b

Article 7.3 Questionnaire On an annual basis G/LIC/N/3/COL/3 (20 October 2005)a

Table AII.1 (cont'd)Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures


WTO Agreement Description of requirement Frequency DocumentArticle 25.2 Subsidies Every three years

(updating notifications in the two intervening years)

G/SCM/N/123/COL and G/SCM/N/128/COL (5 July 2005)

Article 25.11 Actions taken with respect to countervailing duties

Every two years G/SCM/N/113/Add.1/Rev.2 (19 October 2005)

Article 25.12 Investigating authority and domestic procedures governing investigations

Once only G/SCM/N/18/Add.3 (20 January 1997)


G/SCM/N/1/COL/1 (3 April 1995)

Agreement on SafeguardsArticle 12.1(a) Investigation Once only, upon

initiating an investigatory process relating to serious injury or threat thereof

G/SG/N/6/COL/1-3 (10 May 2005)b

Decision of the Committee on Safeguards of 6 November 1995

Investigation Once only, where a safeguard investigation is terminated with no safeguard measure imposed

G/SG/N/9/COL/1-3 (10 May 2005)b


G/SG/N/1/COL/1-2 (25 May 1998)b

Article 12.7 Measures in force on 1 January 1995

Once only G/SG/N/2/COL (28 March 1995)

General Agreement on Trade in ServicesArticle III:4 Enquiry points Once only S/ENQ/15 (14 August 1996)Article V:7(a) Economic integration agreements Once only Not yet submittedArticle VII:4 Recognition arrangements Ad hoc S/C/N/21 (9 September 1996)Agreement on Textiles and ClothingArticle 2.6 and Article 2.7(b)

Integration of products into the GATT 1994

Once only G/TMB/N/55 (28 April 1995)

Article 2.8(c) and Article 2.11

Integration of products into the GATT 1994

Once only G/TMB/N/483 (6 August 2004)

Article 6.1 Transitional safeguard Once only G/TMB/N/10 (1 March 1995)Article 6.9 Transitional safeguard Ad hoc G/TMB/N/143 (21 February 1996)

G/TMB/N/176 (13 June 1996)Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)Article 63.2 Laws and regulations Once only,


IP/N/1/COL/1 (14 August 2000)IP/N/1/COL/C/1-4 (19 July 2000)b

IP/N/1/COL/I/1-3 (30 October 2000)b

IP/N/1/COL/P/1-4 (19 July 2000)b

Article 69 Contact points Once only, subsequently notification of changes

IP/N/3 (14 February 1996)

Decision of the Council for TRIPS of 21 November 1995 (IP/C/5)

Checklist of issues on enforcement


IP/N/6/COL/1 and Add.1 (24 November 2000)

Article 4(d) International agreements relating to the protection of intellectual property

Ad hoc IP/N/4/COL/1 (19 August 1997)

Table AII.1 (cont'd)International Bovine Meat AgreementArticle III.3 Information on domestic policies

and trade measures in the bovine sector


IMA/INV/4/Rev.1 (10 June 1996)

a Regular notifications - refers only to the most recent notification.


b Refers only to the date of the most recent document.

Source: WTO Secretariat


Table AII.2Status of WTO dispute settlement proceedings involving Colombia, 1995-2005

Subject of dispute Against/raised by Statusª References

Safeguard measure against imports of broom corn brooms

United States/Colombia Request for consultations (April 1997); no panel established nor settlement notified

WT/DS78/1

Tax on goods and services from Colombia and Honduras

Nicaragua/Colombia Establishment of panel (May 2000) WT/DS188/1-2

Safeguard measures on sugar Chile/Colombia Request for consultations (March 2001); This request was replaced by that in dispute WT/DS230

WT/DS228/1-6

Safeguard measures and modification of schedules regarding sugar

Chile/Colombia Request for consultations (April 2001); no panel established nor settlement notified

WT/DS230/1-6

Safeguard measure on imports of plain polyester filaments

Colombia/Thailand Withdrawal of the panel request (October 1999)

WT/DS181/1

Regime for the importation, sale and distribution of bananas

European Union/Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and United Statesb

Request for consultations by Honduras, Panama and Nicaragua (Article 21.5) (November-December 2005)

WT/DS27/1-64WT/DS27/R/ECUWT/DS27/AB/RWT/DS27/RW/ECUWT/DS27/ARB/ECU

Import prohibition of certain shrimp and shrimp products

United States/India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Thailandb

Circulation of Appellate Body report (Article 21.5) (October 2001)

WT/DS58/1-23WT/DS58/AB/RWWT/DS58/RWWT/DS58/AB/RWT/DS58/R

Patent protection of pharmaceutical products

Canada/European Unionb Circulation of arbitration report provided for in Article 21.3(c) (August 2000)

WT/DS114/1-13WT/DS114/R

Sections 301-310 of the Trade Act of 1974

United States/European Unionb Circulation of panel report (December 1999)

WT/DS152/1-14WT/DS152/R

Measures relating to the protection of trademarks and geographical indications for agricultural products and foodstuffs

European Union/United States, Australiab

Agreement provided for in Article 21.3(b) of the DSU between the European Union, Australia and the United States (June 2005)

WT/DS174/1-25WT/DS290/1-23WT/DS174/RWT/DS290/R

Price band system and safeguard measures relating to certain agricultural products

Chile/Argentinab Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by Argentina: request for consultations (May 2004) and request for the establishment of a panel (December 2005)

WT/DS207/1-18WT/DS207/AB/RWT/DS207/R

Trade description of sardines European Union/Perub Notification of mutually agreed solution (July 2003)


Import procedures for fresh fruit

Turkey/Ecuadorb Notification of mutually agreed solution (November 2002)

WT/DS237/1-4

Conditions for the granting of tariff preferences to developing countries

European Union/Indiab Circulation of arbitration report provided for in Article 21.3(c)


Export subsidies on sugar European Union/Australiab Circulation of arbitration report provided for in Article 21.3(c)

WT/DS265/1-34WT/DS266/1-34WT/DS283/1-15WT/DS265/AB/RWT/DS266/AB/RWT/DS283/AB/RWT/DS265/R

Measures affecting the approval and marketing of biotech products

European Union/United States, Canada and Argentinab

Establishment of panel (August 2003) WT/DS291/1-30WT/DS292/1-24WT/DS293/1-24

a Updated to 31 January 2006.b Colombia reserved the right to participate as a third party.


Colombia WT/TPR/S/1727

Table AII.3Main proposals and submissions by Colombia within the framework of the Doha Work Programme, August 2006a

Negotiating area Selected issues WTO document symbol (date)

Non-agricultural market access

Options for developing countries; remarks concerning negotiating modalities; state trading enterprises; treatment of non-reciprocal preferences; export competition

TN/MA/W/36, 45, 50, 76 (21/06/2006)b

G/AG/NG/W/9, 11, 43, 54, 64, 93, 104, 161, 162 (06/04/2001)b

Agriculture The cotton situation in Colombia and comments on the proposed modalities for cotton under the mandate of the Hong Kong Ministerial Decision; proposals on modalities and implementation for the fullest liberalization of tropical and alternative products

TN/AG/SCC/GEN/5 (03/05/2006)TN/AG/GEN/19 (08/06/2006)

Trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights

Multilateral system for notification and registration of geographical indications for wines and spirits; the outstanding implementation issue on the relationship between the TRIPS Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity

TN/IP/W/5 (23/10/2002)WT/GC/W/564/Rev.2, TN/C/W/41/Rev.2, IP/C/W/474 (05/07/2006)

Trade and environment Relationship between existing WTO rules and specific trade obligations set out in multilateral environmental agreements

TN/TE/W/43 (25/08/2004)

Trade facilitation Links between the elements of Annex D of the Doha Work Programme; relationship between the rules and the needs and priorities of Members; technical assistance and capacity-building in the light of Members' needs and priorities and the rules; special and differential treatment

TN/TF/W/41 (2/06/2005)

Rules: Anti-dumping Determination of injury; de minimis dumping margins; negligible imports; definition of domestic industry; issues relating to the initiation and completion of investigations; comparison at the "same level of trade"; model matching; issues relating to affiliated parties; facts available; the lesser duty rule; price undertakings; prohibition on zeroing; determination of normal value; reviews; fair comparison; lesser duty; sunset; concerns of developing countries

TN/RL/GEN/1-2, 8-10, 18-20, 23-24, 27-28, 30-31, 38 (23/03/2005)b

TN/RL/W/6, 10, 18, 28-29, 31, 46, 48, 63, 76, 93, 113, 118-119, 146, 150, 158, 171 (15/02/2005)b

Rules: Fisheries subsidies

Progress made; next steps; need for textual proposals TN/RL/W/196 (22/11/2005)

Services Initial offer TN/S/O/COL (18/09/2003)

Negotiating procedures; identifying and negotiating classification criteria; categories of natural persons for commitments under mode 4; mode 4 liberalization; implementation of Article IV of the GATS; implementation of the objectives of Articles IV and XIX:2 of the GATS (Negotiation of Specific Commitments); credit for autonomous trade liberalization measures adopted by developing countries

S/CSS/W/13, 89, 130 (30/11/2001)TN/S/W/7, 14, 16, 19, 31 (18/02/2005)

Telecommunications services; distribution services; environmental services; tourism and travel-related services; maritime transport services; air transport services; financial services; provision of services through movement of natural persons; professional services

S/CSS/W/96-98, 119-124 (27/11/2001)TN/S/W/23 (29/09/2004)

Various Elements needed to bring the negotiation to a fruitful conclusion; development issues; agriculture; non-agricultural market access; services; rules; Singapore issues; Dispute Settlement Understanding; TRIPS and public health

TN/C/W/13 (06/06/2003)

a Exclusive of proposals in restricted documents.b Refers only to the date of the most recent document.



Table AII.4Complaints filed against Colombia with the Court of Justice of the Andean Community

Subject of complaint ComplainantCourt ruling

(date of judgment)

Observations Reference

Introduction of corrective measures and restrictions on imports of oleaginous products from the Andean Community

SGCA Finding of infringement (07/02/2006)

None 117-AI-04

Restrictions applied to the regional rice trade SGCA Finding of infringement (14/04/2005)

Colombia submitted its defence against the charge formulated by the Court of Justice (March 2006)

118-AI-03

Measures on the protection of undisclosed information relating to test data for the sanitary registration of pharmaceutical products

Merck Colombia, Frosst Laboratories Inc, Schering Colombiana, Boehringer Ingelheim, Glaxo Smithkline, Parke Davis

Withdrawal of complainants

None 22-AI-02

Approval and ratification of the Patent Cooperation Treaty by the Government of Colombia

César Moyano Bonilla

Complaint declared inadmissible

None 75-AI-01

Application of the most-favoured-nation clause to imports from Peru by means of the preferences granted in the trade agreements concluded with Mexico (G-3) and Chile


Infringement ceased 32-AI-01

Application of the Andean price band system to imports from Peru



List of exceptions to the common external tariff



Unilateral restraint in the application of additional variable duties to the Andean price band system for a group of products



Collection of implicit value-added tax on imports from the Andean Community



Imports of used vehicles SGCA Complaint rejected (14/03/2001)

None 26-AI-00

Conditions for the free transit of authorized vehicles and cargo units equipped and registered for the international transport of goods by road


Infringement continues 16-AI-00

Difference between the national tariff and the common external tariff, for subheadings 7213910010 and 7213910020

SGCA Withdrawal of complainant (13/10/1999)

None 27-AI-99

Measures preventing or hindering imports of spirits and liquors from the Andean Community


Infringement continues 3-AI-97

Automatic remedial duties on imports of sugar originating in Venezuela

Venezuela Complaint dismissed (16/10/1997)

None 4-AI-96

Note: SGCA: General Secretariat of the Andean Community

Source: WTO Secretariat, on the basis of data provided by the General Secretariat of the Andean Community.


Table AIII.1Tariff rates by preferential agreement, 2006(per cent)

Product description No. of lines MFN Andean

Comm. Argentina Brazil CARICOM Chile Mexico Paraguay Uruguay

Total 6,993 12.0 0.0 7.7 7.0 9.5 0.6 1.2 6.7 6.9HS Chapters 01-24 989 17.5 0.0 10.2 10.5 10.2 4.1 7.2 10.1 10.2HS Chapters 25-97 6,004 11.0 0.0 7.3 6.4 9.4 0.0 0.3 6.1 6.4By WTO categoryAgricultural products 940 16.5 0.0 9.3 9.6 10.1 4.4 7.7 9.3 9.4

Animals and animal products 106 23.6 0.0 15.4 16.6 14.4 11.6 14.0 16.5 14.5Dairy produce 34 21.3 0.0 15.3 16.8 20.3 16.1 18.5 15.9 14.5Coffee and tea, cocoa, sugar, etc. 171 17.2 0.0 10.2 10.9 8.0 2.6 8.3 10.4 11.0Cut flowers, plants 53 8.4 0.0 2.2 2.2 5.6 0.2 1.5 3.3 2.6Fruit and vegetables 213 17.7 0.0 8.7 8.7 7.6 0.7 6.3 8.4 9.0Cereals 36 20.8 0.0 12.1 12.0 20.7 13.7 16.4 12.2 12.3Oilseeds, oils and fats and products thereof 98 15.3 0.0 9.4 9.5 14.5 11.5 10.9 9.4 9.9Beverages and spirits 52 18.8 0.0 11.9 12.2 5.5 0.5 2.9 11.0 12.3Tobacco 12 16.7 0.0 10.8 10.9 7.5 1.7 16.7 7.3 11.6Other agricultural products n.e.s. 165 10.1 0.0 4.4 4.4 8.5 0.6 2.1 4.3 4.4Non-agricultural products (including petroleum) 6,053 11.3 0.0 7.5 6.5 9.4 0.0 0.2 6.2 6.6Non-agricultural products (excluding petroleum) 6,024 11.3 0.0 7.5 6.6 9.4 0.0 0.2 6.2 6.6

Fish and fish products 141 18.5 0.0 12.0 12.3 8.8 0.0 0.0 10.6 11.2Mineral products, precious stones/metals 374 10.0 0.0 6.6 5.4 8.2 0.0 0.1 5.5 5.6Metals 706 10.0 0.0 7.2 5.9 9.0 0.0 0.0 5.8 6.4Chemicals and photographic goods 1,422 7.4 0.0 4.2 2.9 6.3 0.0 0.1 3.1 3.1Leather, rubber, footwear and travel goods 211 13.1 0.0 9.0 7.4 11.7 0.0 0.6 8.3 9.4Wood, wood pulp, paper and furniture 325 12.9 0.0 8.6 8.4 9.2 0.1 0.0 7.2 8.3Textiles and clothing 942 18.3 0.0 13.3 13.1 15.1 0.0 0.1 10.7 11.9Transport equipment 193 14.2 0.0 9.7 10.1 13.6 0.2 4.3 10.5 9.9Non-electrical machinery 759 9.1 0.0 5.7 4.6 8.1 0.0 0.1 5.0 4.8Electrical machinery 406 10.2 0.0 6.3 5.7 8.6 0.0 0.2 5.8 5.8Non-agricultural products n.e.s. 545 10.9 0.0 7.0 5.7 9.7 0.0 0.0 5.6 5.8

Petroleum 29 10.0 0.0 4.0 1.9 1.6 0.1 0.0 5.8 2.3By International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) sectora

Agriculture and fishing 400 11.9 0.0 4.7 4.7 7.5 1.4 2.5 4.4 4.8Mining 113 5.3 0.0 3.4 2.2 4.7 0.0 0.0 2.5 2.6Manufacturing 6,479 12.1 0.0 8.0 7.2 9.7 0.6 1.2 6.9 7.2By HS Chapter01 Live animals; animal

products 268 20.7 0.0 13.3 14.2 12.9 5.7 7.2 13.3 12.402 Vegetable products 378 14.6 0.0 6.2 6.1 9.1 2.5 5.7 6.2 6.503 Fats and oils 62 17.3 0.0 11.4 11.5 17.0 13.0 12.3 11.4 11.504 Food preparations, etc. 281 18.4 0.0 12.3 12.7 7.5 2.9 8.0 11.9 12.9

Table AIII.1 (cont'd)


Product description No. of lines MFN Andean

Comm. Argentina Brazil CARICOM Chile Mexico Paraguay Uruguay

05 Mineral products 194 6.2 0.0 3.5 2.2 4.2 0.0 0.0 3.0 2.606 Products of the chemical

or allied industries 1,340 6.6 0.0 3.5 2.1 5.3 0.1 0.1 2.5 2.407 Plastics and rubber 298 13.2 0.0 9.1 7.7 12.7 0.0 0.6 8.0 9.208 Raw hides and skins and

leather 80 12.1 0.0 8.1 8.0 9.3 0.0 0.0 6.6 7.709 Wood and articles of wood 98 12.3 0.0 8.4 8.4 8.2 0.1 0.1 7.1 8.310 Pulp of wood, paper, etc. 204 12.6 0.0 8.3 7.9 10.0 0.0 0.0 6.8 7.911 Textiles and textile articles 930 18.1 0.0 13.1 13.0 15.0 0.0 0.1 10.6 11.812 Footwear and headgear,

etc. 58 18.8 0.0 14.0 13.9 14.6 0.0 0.0 13.6 14.413 Articles of stone 163 13.8 0.0 9.2 7.6 11.0 0.0 0.2 8.2 7.714 Precious stones, etc. 57 11.1 0.0 7.3 6.8 10.1 0.0 0.0 5.8 6.715 Base metals and articles of

base metal 690 10.4 0.0 7.6 6.2 9.3 0.0 0.0 6.1 6.716 Machinery and mechanical

appliances 1,199 9.4 0.0 5.8 4.9 8.2 0.0 0.1 5.2 5.117 Vehicles, aircraft, vessels

and associated transport equipment 205 14.1 0.0b 9.5 9.9 13.5 0.2 4.0 10.2 9.7

18 Precision instruments 303 6.9 0.0 4.2 2.4 6.8 0.0 0.0 2.7 2.619 Arms and ammunition 28 18.2 0.0 12.8 12.8 18.2 0.0 0.0 10.6 12.420 Miscellaneous

manufactured articles 150 17.9 0.0 12.1 11.2 13.7 0.1 0.0 10.5 11.221 Works of art, etc. 7 20.0 0.0 14.0 5.0 17.1 0.0 0.0 11.6 7.8By stage of processingFirst stage of processing 811 11.6 0.0 5.7 5.3 7.4 1.1 2.8 5.2 5.4Semi-processed products 2,346 10.0 0.0 6.6 5.7 8.9 0.2 0.3 5.2 5.7Fully processed products 3,836 13.2 0.0 8.8 8.0 10.3 0.8 1.5 7.8 8.0

a ISIC (Rev.2), other than electricity (one line).b Applicable under the automotive sector agreement between Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador.

Source: WTO Secretariat estimates, on the basis of data provided by the authorities.


Table AIII.2VAT rates according to the Tax Code, July 2006

Rate Examples of products

2 Subheadings 01.02, 01.03, 01.04, 01.05, 01.06, 03.01, 03.01.10.00.00. Live animals

10 01.01 horses, asses, etc.; 06.02.20.00.00 seedlings for sowing; 09.01 coffee, roasted/decaffeinated; grains and cereals under 10.01, 10.02, 10.04, 10.05, 10.06, 10.07, 0.08; flour, starches and gluten under 11.01, 11.02, 11.07, 11.08; 11.09 12.01.00.90; soya beans and other seeds under 12.07.10.90, 12.09.99.90.00; palm oils under 15.11.10.00.00; 16.01 sausages and similar products, of meat; 16.02 other preparations; 16.04 tinned tuna and sardines; 17.01 cane or beet sugar; 17.02.30.20.00, 17.02.30.90.00, 17.02.40.20.00, 17.02. 60.00.00 syrups and other fructose; 17.03 molasses; 18.03, 18.05 cocoa; 18.06 chocolate/other preparations; 19.01, 19.02.11.00.00, 19.02.19.00.00, 19.05 bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers' wares; 23.09 preparations used in animal feeding; 24.01 tobacco; 27.02, 27.03 lignite; 27.09.00.00.00 petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude; 52.01, 53.08.90.00.00 fibres of cotton and other; 53.11.00.00.00 woven fabrics of paper yarn; 84.14.80.21.00 air or vacuum pumps; 84.14.80.22.00 air/vacuum pumps, with filter, of a power of 30kw (40hp) or more, but not exceeding 262.5kw (352hp); 84.14.80.23.00 air or vacuum pumps, etc.; 84.18.69.11.00 compression type units; 84.19.39.10.00 dryers; 84.19.50.10.00 pasteurizers; 84.21.11.00.00 cream separators; 84.21.22.00.00 filtering apparatus; 84.32 agricultural machinery and other; 84.34 dairy machinery; 84.36 other poultry-keeping machinery; 84.38 machinery for the preparation or manufacture of food, other than that of subheading 84.38.10; 84.85.10.00.00 ships' or boats' propellers and blades therefor, etc.

11 Beer. With the exception of the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina

16 General rate

25a (a) Motor vehicles for the transport of persons, with an engine capacity of up to 1,400 cc, manufactured and assembled in the country, other than motor vehicles to which the general rate is applied (provided for in Article 469 of the Tax Code); jeeps manufactured or assembled in the country and imported jeeps with an f.o.b. value not exceeding US$30,000; imported motor vehicles with a cylinder capacity not exceeding 1,400 cc.(b) Motor vehicles for the transport of goods of heading 87.04, of a gross vehicle weight of less than 10,000 American pounds; Motor vehicles for the transport of goods, of a gross vehicle weight of 10,000 American pounds or more.(c) Chassis fitted with engines of heading 87.06 and bodies (including cabs) of heading 87.07, provided that both are intended for the vehicles under (a) and (b) above.(d) Motorcycles and motorbikes manufactured or assembled in the country with an engine capacity exceeding 185 cc.(e) Vessels for pleasure or sports of heading 89.03, manufactured or assembled in the country.

35 Motor vehicles of headings 87.02, 87.03 and 87.04 are subject to a rate of 35 per cent in the importation and sale carried out by the importer, producer or trader. This does not include motor vehicles that are subject to other rates.Imported motorcycles and motorbikes, imported jeeps with an f.o.b. value exceeding US$30,000, chassis fitted with cabs of heading 87.04, chassis fitted with engines of heading 87.06, bodies (including cabs) of heading 87.07, provided that all are destined for motor vehicles subject to the 35 per cent rate; also, non-powered aircraft of heading 88.01 and private service aircraft, and imported vessels for pleasure or sports of heading 89.03.22.08 Undenatured ethyl alcohol of an alcoholic strength by volume of less than 80% vol; spirits, liqueurs and other spirituous beverages; compound alcoholic preparations of a kind used for the manufacture of beverages, other than "sabajón" (Colombian egg liqueur) and punch – cream liqueurs and aperitifs with less than 20 degrees of alcohol.

38b Motor vehicles for private use, with an f.o.b. value of US$40,000 or more.

a Article 39 of Law No. 788 of 2002 established that from 1 July 2005, the goods listed in paragraph 3 of Article 471 of the Tax Code would be subject to a rate of 25 per cent.

b Article 39 of Law No. 788 of 2002 established that from 1 January 2003, the goods listed in paragraph 4 of Article 471 of the Tax Code would be subject to a rate of 38 per cent.

Source: Prepared by the Secretariat on the basis of Title V of the Tax Code (http://www.secretariasenado. gov.co/leyes/ET.HTM)


Table AIII.3General aspects of intellectual property right protection, 2006

Coverage Term of protection Selected exclusions and limitations Legislation

Copyright and related rights

Copyright: protection extends to all literary and artistic works, of any genre, form of expression or purpose, including computer programs and original databases.

Related rights: protection extends to artistic performances, phonographic productions and radio broadcasts.

Lifetime of the author plus 80 years in the case of natural persons. If the holder is a legal person, 50 years from the time of publication.

The same term applies to holders of related rights.

Ideas, processes, operating methods or mathematical concepts as such are excluded. Exceptions and limitations provided for by the law include legal provisions, judicial decisions,agreements and other regulations; a work may be cited through transcription of the necessary passages, as long as the source and the author's name are indicated; a work may be reproduced by reprographic means for educational purposes.

Related rights: exceptions include the making of ephemeral recordings by broadcasting organizations.

Law No.23 Copyright, 28 January 1982, as amended by Law No.44 of 5 February 1993; Decision No.351, Common Regime on Copyright and Related Rights, 17 December 1993

Any invention, whether a product or a process, in all fields of technology, provided that it is new, involves an inventive step, and is capable of industrial application.

20 years from filing date of application; non-extendable.

Discoveries, scientific theories and mathematical methods; living things, biological processes or biological material such as exists in nature or which is able to be separated, including the genome or germplasm of any living thing; literary and artistic works; plans, rules and methods for the pursuit of intellectual activities, games or economic and business activities; computer programmes and software; methods for presenting information; inventions whose commercial exploitation must be prevented in order to protect public order or morality, human or animal health or life, or plant life or the environment; plants, animals and essentially biological processes for the production of plants and animals other than non-biological or microbiological processes; therapeutic or surgical methods for the treatment of humans or animals, as well as diagnostic methods applied to human beings or animals.

Decision No.486, Common Industrial Property Regime, 14 September 2000, in effect since 1 December 2000;Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, Law No.178 of 1994;Patent Cooperation Treaty -PCT, Law No.463 of 1998

Industrial designs

Any particular new appearance of a product that results from any arrangement of lines or combination of colours, or any two-dimensional or three-dimensional outward shape, outline, form, texture or material, without the intended use or purpose of the said product being thereby changed.


Industrial designs whose commercial exploitation must be prevented in order to protect morality or public order; industrial designs whose appearance was dictated entirely by technical considerations without incorporating any arbitrary contribution by the designer; industrial designs that consist only of a form which is necessary in order to permit the mechanical assembly or connection of the product incorporating the design with another product of which it is a part.

Decision No.486, Common Industrial Property Regime, 14 September 2000, in effect since 1 December 2000;Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, Law No.178 of 1994

Utility models

Any new form or arrangement of elements of any object that enables it to function differently or that gives it a technical use that it did not previously have.


In addition to the exclusions listed for patents: three-dimensional works, architectural works and objects of a purely aesthetic nature and processes.

Decision No.486, Common Industrial Property Regime, 14 September 2000, in effect since December 2000;Patent Cooperation Treaty -PCT, Law No.463 of 1998

Layout-designs (topographies) of integrated circuits

Original layout-designs which are the result of their creators' own intellectual effort and which are not commonplace in the integrated circuit industry (although they could be an original combination of elements that are commonplace in the sector).

10 years from the date when the layout-design was first exploited anywhere in the world or the date of application. Protection shall lapse 15 years from the last day of the year in which it was created.

None Decision No.486 of 2000




Trademarks

A trademark is any sign serving to distinguish products or services in the market. Signs that are capable of graphic representation are eligible for registration as trademarks. A marketing slogan is a word or phrase used to complement a trademark.

10 years from date of issue; extendable for periods of ten years.

The validity of a slogan is subject to the validity of the trademark and extendable for the same period.

Signs that are the generic or technical name of a product or service; signs that are likely to mislead commercial circles or the public as to the nature, origin, method of manufacture or characteristics of the products concerned; signs which consist of a geographical indication; signs which consist of the name of a protected plant variety; signs which are contrary to morality or public order or which violate the rights of third parties.

Decision No.486 of 2000

Absolute groundsLack distinctiveness Usual formsForms which provide a functional advantage Descriptive expressionsGeneric expressionsIsolated colour Morality, public order, proper practiceMisleadingProtected appellation of originNational symbols, names and acronyms of StatesSigns conforming to technical standardsProtected plant varietySign identical or similar to previous trademarkSign identical or similar to trade nameSign identical or similar to marketing sloganSign identical or similar to well-known trademarkName of someone other than the holder or which affects the latterSign which infringes the industrial property right or the copyright of a third party without its consent Names of indigenous, Afro-American or local communities, names of their products or expressions of their culture, unless presented by them or with their consent.

Appellations of origin

An "appellation of origin" is a geographical indication consisting of the name of a country, a region or a particular place or of a name which, without being that of a country, a region or a particular place, relates to a particular geographical area, serving to designate a product originating therein whose quality, reputation or other characteristics are due exclusively or essentially to the geographical environment in which it is produced, including natural and human factors.

Shall be subject to the continuing existence, in the opinion of the competent national body, of the conditions on which it was based. This body may declare the period of validity terminated if such conditions have not been maintained. However, interested parties may apply for it again if they consider that the conditions for protection have been restored, without prejudice to the administrative remedies provided for in the national legislation of the member countries.

Authorization to use a protected appellation of origin shall be given for a term of 10 years and may be renewed for successive 10-year periods, in accordance with the procedure for the renewal of established trademarks.

The use of appellations of origin in connection with natural, agricultural, handicraft or industrial products from member countries is reserved exclusively for the producers, manufacturers and craftsmen whose production or manufacturing establishments are in the town or region of the member country designated or evoked by the appellation in question.

Only producers, manufacturers or craftsmen authorized to use a registered appellation of origin shall be able to use with it the expression "APPELLATION OF ORIGIN".

Member countries may not prevent continued and similar use of an appellation of origin of another country, identifying wines and spirits in connection with goods and services, by any of their nationals who have used that geographical indication continuously with regard to the same or related goods or services within the territory of the respective member country for at least ten years prior to 15 April 1994 or, in good faith, prior to that date.





New plant varieties

All cultivated varieties of botanical genera and species, provided that the growing, possession or use thereof is not prohibited for reasons of human, animal or plant health and that they are new, uniform, distinct and stable, and have been given a name that constitutes their generic designation. This does not apply to wild species, i.e. plant species or plant individuals that have not been planted or improved by humans.

From the date when the plant breeder's right is granted, 25 years in the case of vines and forest and fruit trees; 20 years for all other species.

Plant breeders' rights do not confer on the holder the right to prevent third parties from using the protected variety, when such use is: (a) private, for non-commercial purposes; (b) for experimental purposes; and (c) for the purposes of obtaining and exploiting a new variety, unless it is essentially derived from the protected variety. This new variety may be registered in the name of its holder. Whoever reserves and sows for his own use or sells as a raw material or foodstuff the product obtained from the cultivation of the protected variety does not infringe the plant breeder's right. The commercial use of multiplication, reproduction or propagation material, including whole plants and parts thereof, of fruit, ornamental and forest species, is exempt from this Article.

Decree No.533 regulating the Common Regime for the Protection of Plant Breeders' Rights, 8 March 1994; Decision No.345, Common Regime for the Protection of Plant Breeders' Rights, 29 October 1993

Decree No.2687 amending Article 7 of Decree No.533 of 1994, 19 November 2002

Undisclosed information

Undisclosed information relating to commercial or industrial secrets, or any other type of confidential information that is secret, has commercial value and is subject to reasonable measures that have been adopted to keep it secret by the person who controls it by law.

Indefinite, as long as the conditions ensuring protection prevail.

In circumstances where it is necessary to protect the public and where necessary measures are adopted to ensure that data is protected against unfair use.


Source: Notifications to the WTO and information provided by the authorities.


Table AIV.1Analysis of the effect of the price band on tariff rates, 2004(Per cent)

Product descriptionAverage MFN applied tariffs (2004)

Number of lines

Excluding price band Including price band

By WTO categoryAgricultural products 918 16.1 16.4 - Animals and products of animal origin 105 23.0 28.9 - Dairy products 34 19.6 21.5 - Coffee and tea, cocoa, sugar, etc. 164 17.2 17.1 - Cereals 30 12.5 17.4 - Oilseeds, oils and fats and products thereof 97 15.4 10.6 HS Chapters 1-24 968 17.1 17.4HS Chapters 25-97 5,939 10.8 10.8 Total 6,907 11.65 11.69

Source: WTO Secretariat estimates, on the basis of data provided by the authorities.


Table AIV.2Products subject to access commitments with tariff quotas

Description of product(tariff heading)

Quota (tonnes) Bound tariff (%) Applied tariff 2005 (%)

Final Imports 2005 In-quota Out-of-quota In-quota Out-of-quota

Current access Meat of bovine animals, fresh (HS 02.01)

4 95 108 108 20 80

Meat of bovine animals, frozen (HS 02.02)

4 105 108 108 20 80

Meat of swine (HS 02.03) 133 2,380 108 108 .. 7c

Meat of poultry, not cut in pieces(HS 02.07, headings 0207.10 to 0207.23)

621 535 113 113 .. 68c

Meat of poultry, cut in pieces (HS 02.07, headings 0207.31 to 0207.50)

7 200 209 209 .. 68c

Meat and meat offal (HS 02.10) 126 176 108 108 20 80Milk and cream, not concentrated nor containing added sugar or other sweetening matter (HS 04.01)

24 103 159 159 .. 9c

Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter (HS 04.02)

4,529 604 151 151 .. 20 – 50

Whey (HS 04.04) 771 9,113 136 136 .. 14c

Butter (HS 04.05) 122 1 115 115 .. 14c

Cheese (HS 04.06) 90 138 141 141 .. 14c

Dry beans (HS 0713.30) 1,534 30,921 178 178 .. 5 – 60Wheat and meslin (HS 10.01) 692,118 1,261,872 124 124 .. 5 – 11c

Barley (HS 10.03) 90,050 207,303 144 144 .. 5 – 16c

Maize (corn) (HS 10.05) 25,229 2,465,423 194 194 10a, 7b 20a, c, 45b

Rice (HS 10.06) 13,681 56,334 189 189 70 80Grain sorghum (HS 10.07) 28,973 452 132 132 .. 20c

Wheat or meslin flour (HS 11.01) 796 1 117 117 .. 16c

Cereal flours other than of wheat or meslin (HS 11.02)

3 646 158 158 .. 22c

Cereal groats and meal (HS 11.03) 0.01 667 195 195 .. 16c

Malt, whether or not roasted (HS 11.07) 49,583 149 129 129 .. 16c

Starches; inulin (HS 11.08) 1,013 9,152 102 102 .. 24c

Soya beans, whether or not broken (HS 12.01)

145,704 356,150 125 125 4 14c

Ground-nuts (HS 12.02) 4 4,929 142 142 .. 5 – 14c

Linseed (HS 12.04) 42 2,030 104 104 .. 5 – 15Rape or colza seeds (HS 12.05) 340 91 143 143 .. 5 – 14c

Sunflower seeds, whether or not broken (HS 12.06)

3 459 153 153 .. 5 – 14c

Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits, whether or not broken (HS 12.07)

35 654 142 142 .. 5 – 14c

Flours and meals of oil seeds or oleaginous fruits, other than those of mustard (HS 12.08)

100 2 88 88 .. 14c

Pig fat (HS 15.01) 1,488 84 108 108 .. 15c

Lard stearin (HS 15.02) 49,421 24,728 104 104 .. 15c

Lard stearin, lard oil, oleostearin, oleo-oil and tallow oil, not emulsified or mixed or otherwise prepared (HS 15.03)

90 22 104 104 .. 15c

Fats and oils of fish (HS 15.04) 13,353 450 104 104 .. 15

Table AIV.2 (cont'd)




Final Imports 2005 In-quota Out-of-quota In-quota Out-of-quotaOther animal fats and oils (HS 15.06) 13,906 104 104 .. 15c

Soya-bean oil and its fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified (HS 15.07)

48,677 157,041 75 75 .. 19c

Ground-nut oil and its fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified (HS 15.08)

44 1 155 155 .. 19c

Palm oil and its fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified (HS 15.11)

336 15,738 199 199 .. 20c

Sunflower-seed, safflower or cotton-seed oil and fractions thereof, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified (HS 15.12)

1,703 37,990 169 169 .. 19c

Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil and fractions thereof, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified (HS 15.13)

4,161 2,248 160 160 .. 20c

Rape oil and fractions thereof, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified (HS 15.14)

15 1,386 93 93 .. 19 – 20c

Other fixed vegetable fats and oils and their fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified (HS 15.15)

1,509 3,198 119 119 .. 19 – 20c

Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their fractions, partly or wholly hydrogenated, inter-esterified, re-esterified or elaidinised, whether or not refined, but not further prepared (HS 15.16)

28 3,085 227 227 .. 20c

Margarine; edible mixtures or preparations of animal or vegetable fats or oils or of fractions of different fats or oils of this Chapter, other than edible fats or oils or their fractions of heading 15.16 (HS 15.17)

70 8,188 138 138 .. 20c

Other animal or vegetable fats and oils (HS 15.18)

5 2,441 197 197 .. 20c

Industrial monocarboxylic fatty acids (HS 15.19)

2,433 180 180 .. 15c

Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form (HS 17.01)

39 56,037 117 117 .. 13 – 14c

Other sugars, including chemically pure lactose, maltose, glucose and fructose, in solid form; sugar syrups not containing added flavouring or colouring matter; artificial honey, whether or not mixed with natural honey; caramel (HS 17.02)

3,249 17,508 100 100 .. 6, 9, 13c

Molasses resulting from the extraction or refining of sugar (HS 17.03)

50 130 130 .. 9c

Orange juice (HS 20.09) 462 944 137 137 .. 20Flours, meals and pellets, of meat or meat offal, of fish or of crustaceans, molluscs or other aquatic invertebrates, unfit for human consumption (HS 23.01)

31,978 28,187 104 104 .. 14c

Bran and sharps of maize (corn) and wheat (HS 23.02)

100 528 131 131 .. 20c

Table AIV.2 (cont'd)




Final Imports 2005 In-quota Out-of-quota In-quota Out-of-quotaOil-cake and other solid residues, whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of soyabean oil (HS 23.04)

3,653 582,341 97 97 .. 14c

Oil-cake and other solid residues, whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, resulting from the extraction of vegetable fats or oils, other than those of heading 23.04 or 23.05 (HS 23.06)

59 34,160 130 130 .. 14c

Vegetable materials and vegetable waste, vegetable residues and by-products of vegetable fats or oils, whether or not ground or in the form of pellets, of a kind used in animal feeding, not elsewhere specified or included (HS 23.08)

179 24 151 151 .. 20c

Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding (HS 23.09)

59 125,997 97 97 .. 20c

Dextrins and other modified starches; glues based on starches, or on dextrins or other modified starches (HS 35.05)

402 5,468 143 143 .. 24c

Cotton, not carded or combed (HS 52.01)

222 39,525 99 99 .. 10

Minimum access ..Meat of bovine animals (HS 02.01) 28,969 95 80 108 20 80Meat of swine (HS 02.03) 4,705 2,380 80 108 .. 7c

Poultry, not cut in pieces (HS 02.07) 9,940 535 80 113 .. 68c

Dry beans (HS 0713.30) 3,318 30,921 80 178 .. 5 – 60Maize (corn) (HS 10.05) 16,614 2,465,423 80 194 10a, 7b 20a,c 45b

Rice (HS 10.06) 75,118 56,334 80 189 70 80Grain sorghum (HS 10.07) 3,465 452 80 132 .. 20c

Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits (HS 12.07): palm, cotton, sesamum, etc.

59,593 654 80 142 .. 5 – 14c

Sugar (HS 17.01) 57,325 56,037 80 117 .. 13 – 14c

Cotton (HS 52.01) 2,664 39,525 80 99 .. 10

.. Not available

a Yellowb Whitec Rates resulting from the application of the Andean price band system.

Source: Prepared by the WTO Secretariat on the basis of information from sections I-A and I-B of Colombia's Schedule LXXVI, and data provided by the authorities.


Table AIV.3Summary of specific commitments under the GATS

Market access National treatmentModes of supply:

Cross-border supply 1 1Consumption abroad 2 2Commercial presence 3 3Presence of natural persons 4 4

Commitments (■ full; ◨partial; □ no commitment; - does not appear in the Schedule

1. Business services

A. Professional services(a) Legal services (only advisory services in foreign

and international legislation)■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □ □

(b) Accounting and bookkeeping services □ ■ ◨ □ □ ■ ◨ □(c) Taxation services □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □(d) Management consulting services □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □

B. Computer and related services(a) Consultancy services related to the installation

of computer hardware□ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □

(b) Software implementation services □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □(c) Data processing services □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □(d) Database services □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □

E. Rental/leasing services without operators

(c) Rental/leasing services □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □F. Other business services

- Various services relating to geology, geophysics, geochemistry, hydrocarbon production, geological prospecting, calculation of reserves and mine development

■ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ ■ □

2. Communication servicesC. Telecommunication services

1. For public use, exclusively facilities-based services

Local and extended local voice telephony ■ ■ ◨ □ ■ ■ ■ □National and international long-distance telephony ■ ■ ◨ □ ■ ■ ■ □Carrier services, packet-switched or circuit-switched data transmission services, telex and telegraph services

■ ■ ◨ □ ■ ■ ■ □

Cellular mobile telephone services ■ ■ ◨ □ ■ ■ ■ □Personal communication services ■ ■ ◨ □ ■ ■ ■ □Paging services □ ■ ◨ □ ■ ■ ■ □Trunking services ■ ■ ◨ □ ■ ■ ■ □Provision of satellite capacity, exclusively by geostationary satellite systems

■ ■ ◨ □ ■ ■ ■ □

2. For non-public use, facilities-based installationsVoice telephone services, packet-switched and circuit-switched data transmission services, private leased circuit services, paging services and trunking services

■ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ ■ □

3. Value-added telecommunication services □ ■ ◨ □ □ ■ □ □3. Construction and related engineering services

A. General construction work for buildings □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □B. General construction work for civil engineering

For dams □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □For golf courses ■ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ ■ □

Table AIV.5 (cont'd)C. Installation and assembly work

For derrick operations □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □E. Other

Pre-erection work at building and construction sites □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □Engineering for hydrocarbon deposits ■ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ ■ □

4. Distribution services - - - - - - - -5. Educational services - - - - - - - -


Market access National treatmentModes of supply:

Cross-border supply 1 1Consumption abroad 2 2Commercial presence 3 3Presence of natural persons 4 4

6. Environmental servicesc - - - - - - - -7. Financial services

1. Insurance and insurance-related services(a) Direct insurance (including co-insurance) other than

life insurance◨ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □

(b) Reinsurance and retrocession ■ ■ ◨ □ ■ ■ ◨ □(c) Insurance intermediation activities □ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □(d) Services auxiliary to insurance □ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □

2. Banking and other financial services(a) Acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds

from the public□ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □

(b) Lending of all types by financial institutions, and financing of commercial transactions

□ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □

(c) Financial leasing services □ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □(d) Guarantees and commitments □ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □(e) Trading for own account or for account of customers

of the instruments mentioned in subparagraphs (x) (C), (E) and (F) of paragraph 5(a) of the Annex on financial services

□ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □

(f) Participation in issues of all kinds of securities and provision of services related to such issues

□ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □

(g) Money broking □ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □(h) Provision and transfer of financial information, and

financial data processing and related software by suppliers of other financial services

□ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □

(i) Advisory, intermediation and other auxiliary financial services on all the activities listed in subparagraphs (a) to (h)

□ □ ◨ □ □ □ ◨ □

8. Health-related and social services - - - - - - - -9. Tourism and travel-related services

A. Hotels □ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ □

B. Travel agency and tour operator servicesTravel agencies and tourism ■ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ ■ □Wholesale agencies ■ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ ■ □

10. Recreational, cultural and sporting services - - - - - - - -11. Transport services - - - - - - - -12. Other services - - - - - - - -



Table AIV.4Selected reforms to the banking system, 1997-2006

Legislation Provisions

Law No. 510 of 1999 - Amends the rules on management of financial institutions in crisis- Enables credit institutions to acquire and retain shares and bonds convertible into shares issued by other

credit institutions- Authorizes banks to issue securities to finance the construction and acquisition of housing- Permits the use of the banking office network to promote products- Amends the rules governing investment regime and credit institution operations- Introduces reforms to the National Government's powers of intervention- Introduces reforms to the FOGAFIN regime and to deposit insurance

Law No. 546 of 1999 - Establishes a new system for the long-term financing of housing- Establishes requirements for home purchasing loans- Orders the dismantling of savings and housing corporations and their conversion into banks within three

yearsLaw No. 795 of 2003 - Allows banks to carry out leasing operations for housing

- Allows banks to enter into contracts for non-fiduciary portfolio and debt management in financial institutions that have been intervened or are in liquidation

- Increases the minimum capital needed for the establishment of banks and other financial entities- Amends the regulations on representative offices- Introduces additional precautionary measures for managing entities in crisis- Authorizes commercial financing corporations to carry out a new operation (microcredit)

Law No. 964 of 2005 - Establishes rules on the corporate governance of issuers of securities- Incorporates rules for orderly operation of the market- Incorporates rules to protect investors- Regulates the penalty system applying to the securities market- Sets forth rules aimed at ensuring that clearing and settlement systems are safe and efficient- Orders the merger of the Supervisory Authority for Banks and the Stock Exchange Supervisory

Authority, creating the Financial Supervisory Authority of Colombia, which is responsible for supervising the bodies making up the financial, insurance and securities system

Decree No. 4327 of 2005 - Establishes a new framework for risk-based financial supervision and a new structure able to meet international requirements for the conduct of business



Table AIV.5Selected reforms to the insurance regime, 1997-2006

Legislation Provisions

Law No. 389 of 1997

- Allows certain types of insurance to be marketed through the credit institution network- Allows retroactive claims-made coverage in certain policies

Law No. 510 of 1999

- Modifies the minimum capital required for the establishment of insurance companies and introduces a new technical reserve investment regime

- Allows entities other than insurance companies to provide funeral services


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