appendix n am receiver characterizations ref docs/usadr test data report... · appendix n am...

Appendix N

AM Receiver Characterizations

1. Introduction

To complement its AM compatibility testing, Xetron ran several characterizationmeasurements on the five receivers used. The specific radios that were tested are listed inTable N-1. The receive r characterization consisted of measuring the frequency response, THD,and SNR of the AM portion of each receiver. These characterization measurements areimportant because they provide a detailed understanding of the receivers under test and help tointerpret the compatibility data presented in Appendix M.

Table N-1 Receivers used in AM compatibility tests.

Make and Model TypeDelco, Model 16192463 AutomotiveFord, Model F4XF-19B132-CB AutomotivePanasonic, Model Rx-FS430 PortablePioneer, Model VSX-D307 HomeSony, Model STR-DE425 Home

2. Analysis and Conclusions

From the results of these measurements, the following general conclusions can be drawn.First, for all the receivers tested the frequency response begins to roll off at approximately 2 kHzand is attenuated by about 20 dB by 5 kHz. Secondly, for all the receivers tested the THD is lessthen 10% for the 100 Hz to 5 kHz frequency range and then increases sharply above 5 kHz.These receiver characterizations indicate that increasing the AM bandwidth beyond 5 kHz mayactually decrease sound quality; thus, validating the current AM IBOC hybrid system designlimiting the analog radio to ±5 kHz bandwidth.

3. Test Procedures

The following sections describe the test procedures used for each portion of the AMreceiver characterization performed by Xetron.

The equipment set-up used to perform the AM receiver characterization is shown in thefigure below.

- 2 -

IBM PCwith

Monitor

AM Receiver Characterization Testbed

Audio PrecisionSystem Two

PC with USADRAM Exciter

AES/EBU

IsolationXfrmr #1

AC Pwr StripTo AC inputs on allthe equipment

Attn DUT

HP 8903BAudio

Analyzer

HP 8561BSpectrumAnalyzer

Screen Room

BNCBulkhead

IsolationXfrmr #2

AC Pwr StripTo AC inputs on allthe equipment

Bal-UnbalRF Xfrmr

U B

(For Delco Only)

DC PwrSupply

+ |

LoadImpedance

44.1 kHzWORD CLK

RF Out

TTL Ref Sync

Dig Out L

R

L

As shown in the above figure, isolation transformers were used to power all the equipmentin the test bed so that ground loops could be prevented. The digital output from an AudioPrecision System Two, in AES/EBU format, was input to the USADR AM exciter. A 44.1 kHzsignal from the exciter was used to synchronize the data from the sound card to the exciter clock.The RF signal from the exciter was input to an attenuator so that the proper signal level could beset. The attenuator output was input to a screen room where the receivers were located. Thescreen room served to attenuate unwanted signals. To test the Delco receiver, a Mini CircuitsFTB1-1 RF transformer was used to prevent the shorting of the DC power supply powering theradio. The signal input to the radios could be input to an HP 8591E Spectrum Analyzer to set thepower levels of the signals and to monitor the spectrums of the signals. The desired andinterfering signals were input to the Device Under Test (DUT). The receiver outputs were inputto load impedances of 4 ohms for the automobile and portable receivers and 8 ohms for the homereceivers. The signal from the load impedances was input to either a HP 8903B Audio Analyzeror the Audio Precision System Two, depending on the receiver parameter being measured.

The modification made to the antenna of the Panasonic radio, described in the Xetron AMCompatibility Testing section (Appendix M), was also used during AM receiver characterization.

RF level refers to the available RF power at the input to the DUT. To set these levels, thesignal was input to the spectrum analyzer with an input impedance of 50 Ω. The final RFattenuator settings were adjusted until the unmodulated AM carrier, as measured by the spectrumanalyzer, was at the desired RF level. The spectrum analyzer and the receiver were notsimultaneously connected to the RF signal.

For all measurements, the following test conditions were used:

RF input power level of –47 dBm was used unless otherwise noted.

- 3 -

SNR measurements were made using unweighted and CCIR-468 weighting.Automobile and portable receivers were connected to 4 Ω loads.Home receivers were connected to 8 Ω loads.Tone controls were set to center positions.Balance and fade controls were set to center positions.Loudness control, if available, was set to off position.All measurements were taken using the left channel unless otherwise noted.The 30 kHz LPF on the Audio Analyzer was turned on.The receiver tuning frequency was 1660 kHz.

3.1. Frequency Response

The frequency response for each receiver was measured using an RF level of -47 dBm and80% modulation set with a 1 kHz tone. The frequency response was measured from 20 Hz to 10kHz. The audio output power for each receiver was measured using a 1 kHz tone.Measurements of the frequency response were made using the Audio Precision System TwoAnalyzer.

3.2. THD

The THD of each receiver was measured using a 400 Hz tone at 80% modulation. Themeasurements were made at an RF level of –47 dBm. At this RF level, measurements weretaken over a range of volume settings, including the maximum audio power output setting.Measurements were taken using the HP 8903B Audio Analyzer. In addition to thesemeasurements, the Audio Precision System Two was used to plot the THD, as a function offrequency, of each receiver at an RF level of –47 dBm. The plots were made over a frequencyrange of 20 Hz to 10 kHz and the audio output level was set to a mid-range level.

3.3. Signal-to-Noise Ratio

The SNR versus RF level of each receiver was measured using a 400 Hz tone at 80%modulation. The RF level was swept from –40 dBm to –130 dBm, in 5 dB steps. The audiooutput power level was set to a mid-range level when the RF level was set to –40 dBm.Measurements were made with and without CCIR 468 weighting. Measurements were takenusing the HP 8903B Audio Analyzer. The audio output level, with and without modulationpresent, was measured. The ratio of the audio output with modulation to the audio outputwithout modulation was used to calculate the SNR.

4. Receiver Characterization Results

The following graphs and tables present the results of the AM receiver characterizationmeasurements. The results are presented in the following order: Frequency Response; THD; andSNR vs. RF Level.

¡ AM Frequency Response.xls Page 1

Receiver Characterization - For AM Frequency Response

Receiver : DELCO Receiver Settings: Balance, Bass and Treble set to center positionsModel # : 16192463 Graphic Equalizer set to center positionsSerial # : 1000039 AM Stereo set to OFF position

Date Tested : 06/17/99 Loudness set to OFF position80% ModulationRF Level : -47dBmAudio output power level: 1.1 Watts (=0 dB, set at 1 kHz)Load impedance: 4 ohmsAudio Precision 06/17/99 16:48:40 AM Receiver Characterization

-80

+10

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

+0

AUDI

O

LEVEL

dBr

20 10k50 1 0 0 2 0 0 5 0 0 1k 2k 5kFREQUENCY Hz

FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Delco 16192463


Receiver Characterization - For AM Frequency Response - Zoom

Receiver : DELCOModel # : 16192463Serial # : 1000039

Date Tested : 06/17/99

Audio Precision 06/17/99 16:48:40 AM Receiver Characterization

-10

+10

-8

-6

-4

-2

+0

+2

+4

+6

+8

AUDIO

LEVEL

dBr

20 3k50 100 200 500 1k 2kFREQUENCY Hz

FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Delco 16192463



Receiver : FORDModel # : F4XF-19B132-CBSerial # : 28115 0B700

Date Tested : 06/17/9980% ModulationRF Level : -47dBmAudio output power level: 1.1 Watts (=0 dB, set at 1 kHz)Load impedance: 4 ohms


-80

+10

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

+0

AUDI

O

LEVEL

dBr

20 10k50 1 0 0 2 0 0 5 0 0 1k 2k 5kFREQUENCY Hz

FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Ford F4XF-19B132-CB






-10

+5

-9

-8

-7

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

-0

+1

+2

+3

+4

AUDIO

LEVEL

dBr

20 4k50 100 200 500 1k 2kFREQUENCY Hz

FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Ford F4XF-19B132-CB



Receiver : PANASONIC Receiver Settings: Tone Control set to center positionModel # : RX-FS430 Tuning adjusted until minimum distortion obtained at RF levelSerial # : WP8JE52506

Date Tested : 06/17/9980% ModulationRF Level : -47dBmAudio output power level: 0.25 Watts (=0 dB, set at 1 kHz)Load impedance: 4 ohmsAudio Precision 06/17/99 15:54:52 AM Receiver Characterization

-60

+10

-55

-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

+ 0

+ 5

AUDI

O

LEVEL

dBr

2 0 10k5 0 100 200 500 1 k 2 k 5 kFREQUENCY Hz

FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Panasonic RX-FS430



Receiver : PANASONICModel # : RX-FS430Serial # : WP8JE52506



-10

+10

-8

-6

-4

-2

+0

+2

+4

+6

+8

AUDIO

LEVEL

dBr

40 3k50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800900 1k 2kFREQUENCY Hz

FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Panasonic RX-FS430



Receiver : PIONEER Receiver Settings: Balance, Bass and Treble set to center positionsModel # : VSX-D307 Dolby Pro-Logic set to OFF positionSerial # : SKDI083167US Dolby Virtual set to OFF position

Date Tested : 06/17/99 Surround Sound set to OFF positionDSP mode set to OFF position

80% Modulation Loudness set to OFF positionRF Level : -47dBm MPX mode turned ON to "mono" for AM and mono FM testingAudio output power level: 1.0 Watts (=0 dB, set at 1 kHz) MPX mode turned OFF to "stereo" for stereo FM testingLoad impedance: 8 ohmsAudio Precision 06/17/99 16:26:37 AM Receiver Character izat ion

-60

+10

-55

-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

+0

+5

AUDIO

LEVEL

dBr

20 10k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5kFREQUENCY Hz

FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Pioneer VSX-D307



Receiver : PIONEERModel # : VSX-D307Serial # : SKDI083167US



-10

+10

-8

-6

-4

-2

+0

+2

+4

+6

+8

AUDIO

LEVEL

dBr

20 3k50 100 200 500 1k 2kFREQUENCY Hz

FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Pioneer VSX-D307



Receiver : SONY Receiver Settings: Balance, Bass and Treble set to center positionsModel # : STR-DE425 5.1 DVD input set to OFF positionSerial # : 8839190 Bass Boost set to OFF position

Date Tested : 06/17/99 Surround Sound set to OFF position80% Modulation Setup mode set to NORMALRF Level : -47dBmAudio output power level: 1.0 Watts (=0 dB, set at 1 kHz)Load Impedance: 8 ohmsAudio Precision 06/17/99 16:12:35 AM Receiver Characterization

-50

+10

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

+0

+5

AUDIO

LEVEL

dBr


FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Sony STR-DE425



Receiver : SONYModel # : STR-DE425Serial # : 8839190



-10

+10

-8

-6

-4

-2

+0

+2

+4

+6

+8

AUDIO

LEVEL

dBr

60 4k70 80 90 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800900 1k 2k 3kFREQUENCY Hz

FREQUENCY RESPONSE - Sony STR-DE425

¡ AM THD.xls Page 1

Receiver Characterization - For AM THD vs. Audio Output Level


Date Tested : 03/31/99 Loudness set to OFF position

Audio Frequency = 400 Hz80% ModulationRF Level : -47dBmLoad impedance: 4 ohms

Volume Settings THD(Watts) (%)

0.1 0.81.1 0.73.0 0.57.5 9.6

Maximum Power Output: 7.5 Watts

Audio output power level for plots: 1.2 Watts


0

130

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

THD+N

%


THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Delco 16192463



Receiver : DELCOModel # : 16192463Serial # : 1000039



-0

1 0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

THD+N

%

2 0 10k5 0 100 200 500 1k 2k 5kFREQUENCY Hz

THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Delco 16192463







0.05 1.31.3 1.42.1 1.43.4 9.9




0

110

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

THD+N

%


THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Ford F4XF-19B132-CB


Receiver Characterization - For AM



THD vs. Audio Output Level


-0

10

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

THD+N

%


THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Ford F4XF-19B132-CB







0.003 3.30.06 3.60.45 40.10.89 73.0




0

110

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

THD+N

%


THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Panasonic RX-FS430



Receiver : PANASONICModel # : RX-FS430Serial # : WP8JE52506



-0

10

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

THD+N

%


THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Panasonic RX-FS430




Date Tested : 04/30/99 Surround Sound set to OFF positionDSP mode set to OFF positionLoudness set to OFF positionMPX mode turned ON to "mono" for AM and mono FM testing

Audio Frequency = 400 Hz MPX mode turned OFF to "stereo" for stereo FM testing80% ModulationRF Level : -47dBmLoad impedance: 8 ohms


0.1 1.81.0 1.85.1 1.850.1 1.8




0

110

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

THD+N

%


THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Pioneer VSX-D307



Receiver : PIONEERModel # : VSX-D307Serial # : SKDI083167US



-0

10

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

THD+N

%


THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Pioneer VSX-D307




Date Tested : 04/01/99 Surround Sound set to OFF positionSetup mode set to NORMAL

Audio Frequency = 400 Hz80% ModulationRF Level : -47dBmLoad Impedance: 8 ohms


0.1 2.11.0 2.15.0 2.150.3 2.2




0

100

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

THD+N

%


THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Sony STR-DE425



Receiver : SONYModel # : STR-DE425Serial # : 8839190



-0

1 0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

THD+N

%

2 0 10k5 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 5 0 0 1k 2k 5kFREQUENCY Hz

THD + N vs. FREQUENCY - Sony STR-DE425

Receiver Characterization - For AM SNR vs. RF Level



Audio Frequency = 400Hz80% ModulationLoad impedance: 4 ohms

Audio Output Power level at RF Level of -40dBm: 1.0 Watts (= 0dB)

Without CCIR Audio Output Power Level (dB relativeto output power when RF level is -40dBm)

RF Level Signal Noise(dBm) (dB) (dB)

-40 0.0 -57.5-45 0.0 -57.1-50 0.0 -57.1-55 0.0 -57.1-60 0.0 -57.1-65 0.0 -57.1-70 0.0 -56.6-75 -0.1 -54.5-80 -0.2 -51.2-85 -0.2 -47.5-90 -0.5 -42.8-95 -0.7 -38.1-100 -0.7 -34.5-105 -4.2 -34.8-110 -9.5 -35.0-115 -14.7 -35.3-120 -19.9 -35.3-125 -24.4 -34.8-130 -28.8 -31.5

AM Receiver CharacterizationSNR vs. RF Level (w/o CCIR)

Delco 16192463

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40

RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise








-40 0.0 -64.7-45 -0.1 -64.7-50 -0.1 -64.5-55 -0.2 -63.7-60 -0.4 -62.5-65 -0.5 -61.0-70 -0.6 -58.5-75 -0.7 -55.1-80 -0.7 -50.7-85 -0.8 -46.0-90 -1.2 -41.1-95 -2.2 -37.5-100 -3.6 -33.6-105 -5.8 -30.9-110 -9.0 -28.7-115 -13.4 -28.2-120 -19.5 -29.6-125 -26.7 -32.3-130 -34.0 -36.6


Ford F4XF-19B132-CB

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40

RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise








-40 0.0 -58.2-45 -0.3 -59.2-50 -1.1 -60.8-55 -3.2 -61.2-60 -5.2 -61.2-65 -5.7 -59.9-70 -6.1 -57.8-75 -6.4 -54.9-80 -6.8 -50.3-85 -7.3 -46.2-90 -8.0 -42.3-95 -9.5 -38.9-100 -14.2 -38.5-105 -20.9 -40.3-110 -28.7 -43.0-115 -37.4 -46.7-120 -46.1 -50.8-125 -52.2 -54.0-130 -55.7 -56.1


Panasonic RX-FS430

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40

RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise




Audio Frequency = 400Hz Loudness set to OFF position80% Modulation MPX mode turned ON to "mono" for AM and mono FM testingLoad impedance: 8 ohms MPX mode turned OFF to "stereo" for stereo FM testing




-40 0.0 -60.8-45 0.0 -60.3-50 -0.1 -60.3-55 -0.4 -59.5-60 -0.5 -57.6-65 -0.5 -54.3-70 -0.5 -49.8-75 -0.5 -45.2-80 -0.5 -40.6-85 -0.5 -35.5-90 -0.6 -30.6-95 -2.0 -28.9-100 -7.5 -29.0-105 -13.7 -30.3-110 -20.8 -32.8-115 -29.0 -36.4-120 -36.7 -40.3-125 -41.8 -43.9-130 -45.5 -45.8


Pioneer VSX-D307

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise








-40 0.0 -59.2-45 -0.4 -59.2-50 -0.8 -58.3-55 -1.2 -58.0-60 -1.5 -56.2-65 -1.9 -54.0-70 -2.3 -50.5-75 -2.7 -46.5-80 -3.2 -42.6-85 -3.9 -38.2-90 -4.8 -34.3-95 -6.2 -30.8-100 -8.8 -28.3-105 -14.5 -29.3-110 -21.8 -31.8-115 -29.9 -35.6-120 -36.8 -39.9-125 -42.1 -43.0-130 -44.8 -44.8


Sony STR-DE425

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise





Audio Output Power level at RF Level of -40dBm: 1.0 Watts (= 0dB) (set w/o CCIR)

With CCIR Audio Output Power Level (dB relativeto output power when RF level is -40dBm)


-40 0.0 -45.7-45 0.0 -45.7-50 0.0 -45.7-55 0.0 -45.5-60 -0.1 -45.5-65 -0.1 -45.6-70 -0.1 -45.5-75 -0.1 -44.5-80 -0.2 -43.3-85 -0.3 -41.0-90 -0.5 -37.5-95 -0.6 -33.1-100 -0.7 -30.9-105 -4.8 -30.7-110 -10.1 -30.7-115 -15.2 -31.0-120 -20.0 -31.0-125 -24.5 -30.8-130 -27.9 -30.9

AM Receiver CharacterizationSNR vs. RF Level (w/ CCIR)

Delco 16192463

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40

RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise








-40 0.0 -48.9-45 -0.1 -48.9-50 -0.1 -48.6-55 -0.2 -48.2-60 -0.4 -47.3-65 -0.5 -46.1-70 -0.6 -44.6-75 -0.7 -42.0-80 -0.7 -38.1-85 -0.8 -33.5-90 -1.2 -28.9-95 -2.2 -24.7-100 -3.6 -21.4-105 -5.6 -18.7-110 -8.5 -16.5-115 -12.0 -16.0-120 -15.8 -17.2-125 -19.8 -20.8-130 -23.7 -24.2


Ford F4XF-19B132-CB

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40

RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise








-40 0.0 -46.4-45 -0.3 -46.8-50 -1.1 -47.2-55 -3.2 -47.3-60 -5.2 -47.4-65 -5.8 -47.0-70 -6.1 -46.2-75 -6.4 -44.4-80 -6.8 -41.3-85 -7.3 -37.7-90 -8.0 -34.1-95 -9.6 -31.2-100 -14.3 -30.8-105 -20.6 -32.7-110 -27.9 -35.3-115 -35.0 -39.0-120 -40.6 -42.3-125 -43.8 -44.3-130 -45.0 -45.3


Panasonic RX-FS430

-50

-45-40-35

-30-25

-20-15-10

-50

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40

RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise




Audio Frequency = 400Hz Loudness set to OFF position80% Modulation MPX mode turned ON to "mono" for AM and mono FM testingLoad impedance: 8 ohms MPX mode turned OFF to "stereo" for stereo FM testing




-40 0.0 -47.5-45 -0.1 -47.5-50 -0.2 -47.5-55 -0.4 -46.9-60 -0.5 -45.7-65 -0.5 -43.4-70 -0.5 -39.7-75 -0.5 -35.0-80 -0.5 -30.2-85 -0.5 -24.8-90 -0.6 -20.1-95 -2.4 -20.0-100 -7.7 -20.0-105 -13.6 -21.6-110 -19.4 -24.0-115 -25.3 -27.5-120 -30.0 -31.3-125 -33.1 -33.8-130 -34.9 -34.9


Pioneer VSX-D307

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise








-40 0.0 -44.8-45 -0.4 -44.8-50 -0.8 -44.3-55 -1.2 -43.8-60 -1.5 -42.7-65 -1.9 -40.5-70 -2.3 -37.6-75 -2.7 -34.1-80 -3.3 -30.3-85 -3.9 -26.3-90 -4.7 -22.0-95 -6.0 -18.7-100 -8.2 -15.9-105 -12.6 -16.4-110 -17.4 -19.2-115 -21.7 -23.1-120 -26.0 -27.0-125 -29.0 -29.9-130 -31.6 -31.9


Sony STR-DE425

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

-130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40RF Level (dBm)

Aud

io L

evel

(dB

)

Signal

Noise

appendix n am receiver characterizations ref docs/usadr test data report... · appendix n am...

Documents