appendix c epa geospatial monitoring of air pollutants ... · figure 2: h2s concentration ribbon...

Appendix C

EPA Geospatial Monitoring of Air Pollutants (GMAP) Monitoring Report

SUBJECT:

PREPARED BY:

FIELD MONITORING CONDUCTED BY:

FIELD MONITORING REQUESTED BY:

DATES OF FIELD MONITORING:

REPORT AUTHORIZED BY:

Crossett, AR GMAP Air Monitoring

MartaFuoco Uk- o~\\~l1 Physical Scientist Air Monitoring and Analysis Section Region 5

Scott Hamilton Environmental Scientist Air Monitoring and Analysis Section Region 5

Bilal Qazzaz Enviromnental Scientist Air Monitoring and Analysis Section Region 5

Sarah Frey Enviromnental Scientist Air Toxics Section Compliance Assurance & Enforcement Division Region 6

October 26-27, 2016

vil l ( S, {(>.._,~ 3/Jr:rMichael Compher Supervisor Air Monitoring and Analysis Section Region 5

CROSSETT, AR GMAP MONITORING

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Table of Figures Figure 1: Time series – transect - Drive to ASB Zone 2 (10/26/16)............................................................... 2 Figure 2: Concentration ribbon – transect - Drive to ASB Zone 2 (10/26/16) .............................................. 2 Figure 3: Time series – transect - GP2 Primary Clarifier and Ash Basin (10/26/16) ..................................... 2 Figure 4: Stationary GPS coordinates of GP2 monitoring location............................................................... 2 Figure 5: Geospatial H2S polar plot - stationary - GP3 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16) ............................ 2 Figure 6: Time series - stationary - GP3 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)................................................... 2 Figure 7: Pollution rose - stationary - GP3 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)............................................... 2 Figure 8: Geospatial H2S pollution rose - stationary - GP3 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16) ..................... 2 Figure 9: Geospatial H2S polar plot - stationary - GP4 West Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16) .......................... 2 Figure 10: Time series - stationary - GP4 West Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16) ............................................... 2 Figure 11: H2S pollution rose - stationary - GP4 West Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16).................................... 2 Figure 12: Geospatial H2S pollution rose - stationary - GP4 West Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16).................. 2 Figure 13: Geospatial H2S polar plot - stationary - GP5 East Ash Basin Inlet (10/26/16)............................ 2 Figure 14: Time series - stationary - GP5 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)................................................. 2 Figure 15: Geospatial H2S pollution rose - stationary - GP5 East Ash Basin Inlet (10/26/16)...................... 2 Figure 16: H2S pollution rose - stationary - GP5 East Ash Basin Inlet (10/26/16) ....................................... 2 Figure 17: Concentration ribbon - transect - Waste Water Treatment System (10/26/16)......................... 2 Figure 18: Time series - transect - Waste Water Treatment System (10/26/16) ......................................... 2 Figure 19:Concentration ribbon - transect - Thurman Road Neighborhood (10/27/16).............................. 2 Figure 20: Time series - transect - Thurman Road Neighborhood (10/27/16) ............................................. 2 Figure 21: Concentration ribbon - transect - Primary Clarifier to Hancock Road (10/27/16) ...................... 2 Figure 22: Time series - transect - Primary Clarifier to Hancock Road (10/27/16)....................................... 2 Figure 23: Geospatial polar plot - stationary - Northside by Dregs (10/27/16)............................................ 2 Figure 24: Time series - stationary - Northside by Dregs (10/27/16) ........................................................... 2 Figure 25: Geospatial H2S pollution rose - stationary - Northside by Dregs (10/27/16).............................. 2 Figure 26: H2S pollution rose - stationary - Northside by Dregs (10/27/16)................................................ 2 Figure 27: Concentration ribbon - transect - Inlet to ASB (10/27/16) .......................................................... 2 Figure 28: Time series - transect - Inlet to ASB (10/27/16) .......................................................................... 2 Figure 29: Concentration ribbon - transect - Drive to Spoils (10/27/16)...................................................... 2 Figure 30: Time series - transect - Drive to Spoils (10/27/16) ...................................................................... 2 Figure 31: Concentration ribbon - transect - Drive to ASB Dredging (10/27/16) ......................................... 2 Figure 32: Time series - transect - Drive to ASB Dredging (10/27/16).......................................................... 2 Figure 33: Time series - transect - Drive Back to ASB (10/27/16)................................................................. 2 Figure 34: Time series - transect - Drive back to ASB (10/27/16)................................................................. 2 Figure 35: Time series – transects around aeration pond………………………………………………………………………23

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Region 5’s Geospatial Monitoring of Air Pollution (GMAP) uses a Picarro G2204 cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) analyzer, SN 2267-BFADS2013. The data are integrated with global positioning system location information and meteorological parameters when available to quantify air pollutant concentrations. Additionally, the GMAP uses a DUVAS Model DV3000 SN UV3000-201502-1007 (or a backup unit DV3000 SN UV3000 SN 201502-1006) to collect BTEX, m-o-p xylene, styrene, formaldehyde, and SO2 ambient air concentration data. Additional information can be found in the SOP and May13, 2016 Quality Assurance Project Plan (GMAP SOP R5-ARD-0002-r1; QAPP V3 0 2016-05-13). The monitored concentrations are compared to values identified in Table 1 below, or other values as applicable.

Compound Molecular Formula CAS#

ATSDR Inhalation Minimum Risk Levels (MRLs) Other

Acute Intermediate Chronic

Benzene C6H6 71-43-2 0.009 ppm 0.006 0.003

ppm Toluene C7H8 108-83-3 2 ppm - 1 ppm Ethylbenzene C8 H10 100-41-4 5 ppm 2 ppm 0.06

Xylene C8 H10 1330-20-7 2 ppm 0.6 ppm 0.05 ppm

Sulfur Dioxide SO2 7446-09-5 - - - 75 ppb 1; 0.5 ppm 2

Formaldehyde CH2O 50-00-0 0.04 ppm 0.03 ppm 0.008

ppm

Styrene C8H8 100-42-5 5 ppm - 0.2 ppm

Hydrogen Sulfide H2S 7783-06-4 0.07 ppm 0.02 -

Methane CH4 74-82-8 - - - 12,500 ppm 3

Table 1: Health Screening Data

1: Primary 1 hour NAAQS 2: Secondary 3 hour NAAQS 3: ATSDR’s de minimis level for screening purposes of 1.25% of soil gas concentrations

USEPA R5 monitored to evaluate the ambient air concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methane (CH4), benzene (C6H6), toluene (C7H8), ethylbenzene (C8 H10), xylene (C8 H10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), formaldehyde (CH2O), and styrene (C8H8), around a Pulp and Paper Mill in Crossett, AR on October 26-27, 2016.

Concentrations above the detection limit were measured at the site for H2S (ppb), CH4 (ppm), SO2 (ppb), benzene (ppb), m-xylene (ppb), and p-xylene (ppb); toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, formaldehyde, and styrene were also measured, but failed post-QA checks and were subsequently invalidated. Table 2 depicts the maximum 1 second measured concentrations; concentrations of H2S, CH4, and benzene

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exceeded health screening levels found in Table 1, indicating a potential for an acute human health hazard.

Maximum H2S Concentrations H2S(ppb) CH4(ppm) SO2(ppb) BEN(ppb) XYM(ppb) XYP(ppb) BackgroundStationaryCollection 37.71 <MDL 1.21 <MDL 20.32 5.56 CrosettARStationary 5.12 <MDL 1.41 5.94 19.03 5.70 DrivebacktoASB 359.73 4.61 1.83 <MDL 11.51 4.85 DrivetoASBDredging 934.80 8.55 <MDL 14.84 20.07 9.76 DrivetoASBZone2 1068.23 10.87 1.63 <MDL 20.29 7.95 DrivetoSludgeReclamationPond 25.46 <MDL 1.09 <MDL 14.87 4.85 DrivetoSpoils 710.83 9.14 1.34 <MDL 18.44 6.78 GP1 18.27 6.52 <MDL 11.69 16.59 15.77 GP2PRIMARYCLARIFIERANDASHBASIN 99.09 4.89 1.17 4.81 11.97 5.91 GP3EastAshBasinInletSTATIONARY 265.07 6.52 <MDL <MDL 15.63 6.37 GP4WestAshBasinInletSTATIONARY 76.40 17.33 1.14 <MDL 13.87 5.96 GP5EastAshBasinInletSTATIONARY 284.66 6.11 <MDL <MDL 16.39 5.83 GP6MainParkingLotSTATIONARY 6.67 <MDL <MDL 4.64 20.96 5.69 InletTOASB 183.41 5.98 9.73 12.65 12.24 21.17 NorthsidebyDregesSTATIONARY 855.72 3.90 <MDL <MDL 10.94 6.44 PrimaryClarifiertoHancockRoad 24.89 <MDL 1.42 <MDL <MDL 5.10 ThurmanRoadNeighborhoodDriveAround 70.54 8.17 1.13 25.34 17.30 6.49 WasteWaterTreatmentSystem 986.23 12.11 <MDL <MDL <MDL <MDL

Max: 1068.23 17.33 9.73 25.34 20.96 21.17 Table 2: Maximum Values

The figures below were created in R, an open-source programming language for statistical computing. The time series demonstrate measured concentrations over individual transects. Ribbons representing H2S concentrations are geospatially overlaid on a Google Earth map, exhibiting the plume captured during the transect. Stationary measurement allows for several additional analyses. The bivariate polar plot is a function in the R openair statistical package that plots concentration in polar coordinates by wind speed and wind direction. In these plots, the weighted mean of H2S concentration (measured by R5’s GMAP during stationary collection) * the frequency of occurrence highlights the wind speed/direction conditions that dominate the overall mean and provides an indication of the source(s). The pollution rose plots pollutant concentrations with wind direction by intervals. These plots can be overlaid on a Google Earth image, with the coordinate origin centered on the gps coordinates recorded during the stationary data collection. The resulting graphics provides a visual indication of source attribution and identification.

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Figure 1: Time series – transect - Drive to ASB Zone 2 (10/26/16)

Figure 2: H2S Concentration Ribbon – transect - Drive to ASB Zone 2 (10/26/16)Figure 3: Time series – transect - Drive to ASB Zone 2 (10/26/16)



Figure 2: H2S Concentration Ribbon – transect - Drive to ASB Zone 2 (10/26/16)

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Figure 3: Time Series – transect - GP2 Primary Clarifier and Ash Basin (10/26/16)

Figure 4: Stationary GPS coordinates of GP2 monitoring location

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Figure 5: Time series - stationary - GP3 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)

Figure 6: Geospatial H2S polar plot - stationary - GP3 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)

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Figure 7: Pollution rose - stationary - GP3 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)

Figure 8: Geospatial H2S pollution rose - stationary - GP3 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)

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Figure 9: Time Series - stationary - GP4 West Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)

Figure 10: Geospatial H2S polar plot - stationary - GP4 West Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)

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Figure 11: H2S Pollution Rose - stationary - GP4 West Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)

Figure 12: Geospatial H2S pollution rose - stationary - GP4 West Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)

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Figure 13: Time series - stationary - GP5 East Ash Basin Inlets (10/26/16)1

Figure 14: Geospatial H2S polar plot - stationary - GP5 East Ash Basin Inlet (10/26/16)1

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Figure 15: H2S pollution rose - stationary - GP5 East Ash Basin Inlet (10/26/16)1

Figure 16: Geospatial H2S pollution rose - stationary - GP5 East Ash Basin Inlet (10/26/16)

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Figure 17: Time series - transect - Waste Water Treatment System (10/26/16)

Figure 18: Concentration ribbon - transect - Waste Water Treatment System (10/26/16)

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Figure 19: Time series - transect - Thurman Road Neighborhood (10/27/16)

Figure 20: Concentration ribbon - transect - Thurman Road Neighborhood (10/27/16)

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Figure 21: Time series - transect - Primary Clarifier to Hancock Road (10/27/162

Figure 22: Concentration ribbon - transect - Primary Clarifier to Hancock Road (10/27/16)2

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Figure 23: Time series - stationary - Northside by Dregs (10/27/16)2

Figure 24: Geospatial polar plot - stationary - Northside by Dregs (10/27/16)

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Figure 25: H2S pollution rose - stationary - Northside by Dregs (10/27/16)

Figure 26: Geospatial H2S pollution rose - stationary - Northside by Dregs (10/27/16)

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Figure 27: Time series - transect - Inlet to ASB (10/27/16)

Figure28: Concentration ribbon - transect - Inlet to ASB (10/27/16)

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Figure 29: Time series - transect - Drive to Spoils (10/27/16)

Figure 72: Concentration ribbon - transect - Drive to ASB Dredging (10/27/16)Figure 29: Time series - transect - Drive to Spoils (10/27/16)

Figure 30: Concentration ribbon - transect - Drive to Spoils (10/27/16)

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Figure 31: Time series - transect - Drive to ASB Dredging (10/27/16)

Figure 34: Concentration ribbon - transect - Drive Back to ASB (10/27/16)Figure 81: Time series - transect - Drive to ASB Dredging (10/27/16)

Figure 32: Concentration ribbon - transect - Drive to ASB Dredging (10/27/16)

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Figure 33: Time series - transect - Drive back to ASB (10/27/16)

Figure 34: Concentration ribbon - transect - Drive Back to ASB (10/27/16)

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Figure 35: Concentration ribbon - transects around aerator pond

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appendix c epa geospatial monitoring of air pollutants ... · figure 2: h2s concentration ribbon...

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