appendix b results of child health questionnaire · results of child health questionnaire list of...
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Appendix B
Results of Child Health Questionnaire
List of Tables
B.1 . Gender and Age Distribution, 1998-99 B.2. General Children Health, 1998-99 B.3. Current Pulmonary Status, 1998-99 B.4. Respiratory Medical History, 1998-99 B.5. General Medical History, 1998-99 B.6. Racial Background, 1998-99 B.7. Parents Educational background, 1998-99 B.8. Living Environment, 1998-99 B.9. Expanded Survey Results, Total (Males & Females) Rural Site Sample B.10. Expanded Survey Results, Boys Rural Site Sample B.11. Expanded Survey Results, Girls Rural Site Sample B.12. Expanded Survey Results, Total (Males & Females) Urban Site Sample B.13. Expanded Survey Results, Boys Urban Site Sample B.14. Expanded Survey Results, Girls Urban Site Sample B.15. Expanded Survey Results, Children with Non-Caucasian (Afro-American,
Hispanic, and Asian) Background Urban Site B.16. Expanded Survey Results, Children with Caucasian Background Urban Site
Sample B.17. Expanded Survey Results, Total (Males &Females) Suburban Site Sample B.18. Expanded Survey Results, Boys Suburban Site Sample B.19. Expanded Survey Results, Girls Suburban Site Sample B.20. Expanded Survey Results, Child Health Questionnaire-P28 National Norms for
the Ages 11-12, Population Sample of U.S. Children B.21. Expanded Survey Results, Child Health Questionnaire-P28 National Norms for
the Boys, Population Sample of U.S. Children B.22. Expanded Survey Results, Child Health Questionnaire-P28 National Norms for
the Girls, Population Sample of U.S. Children B.23. Expanded Survey Results, Child Health Questionnaire-P28 National Norms for
Children by Parents Ethnicity (Non-Caucasian), Population Sample of U.S. Children
B.24. Expanded Survey Results, Child Health Questionnaire-P28 National Norms for Children by Parents Ethnicity (Caucasian) Population Sample of U.S. Children
B.25. General Children Health, 1999-2000 B.26. Current Pulmonary Status, 1999-2000 B.27. Respiratory Medical History, 1999-2000 B.28. Living Environment, 1999-2000
328 Appendix B
Table B.1 . Gender and Age Distribution, 1998-99
Age & Gender
Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area
Frequency % from total*
Frequency % from total*
Frequency % from total*
Male 31 42.5 32 43.2 77 49 Female 42 57.5 42 56.8 80 51 Male Female Total % from
total MaleFemaleTotal % from
total MaleFemale Total % from
total 9 years 0 2 2 2.9 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.6 10 years 16 17 33 47.1 6 21 27 37.0 28 37 65 41.9 11 years 12 20 32 45.7 16 20 36 49.3 43 37 50.0 51.6 12 years 3 0 3 4.3 7 0 7 9.6 4 9 9 5.8 13 years 0 0 0 0 2 1 3 4.1 0 0 0 0 Sub-Total 31 39 70 100.0 31 42 73 100.0 76 79 155 100.0 Missing 3 3 (4.1) 1 (1.4) 5 (3.1) Total 73 74 160 %* - Valid percent (adjusted for missing data)
Table B.2. General Children Health, 1998-99
Health Status
Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area
Frequency % Frequency % Frequency % Male Female Total from
total*Male Female Total from
total*Male Female Total from
total*Excellent 16 21 37 50.7 8 9 17 23.0 47 43 92 57.9 Very Good 11 14 25 34.2 11 20 31 41.9 25 29 55 34.6 Good 3 5 8 11.0 11 13 24 32.4 4 7 11 6.9 Fair 0 1 1 1.4 2 0 2 2.7 1 0 1 .6 Poor 0 1 1 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sub-total 30 42 72 98.6 32 42 74 100.0 76 79 159 99.4 Missing System
1 1.4 0 0 1 0.6
Total 73 100.0 74 100.0 160 100.0 %* - Valid percent (adjusted for missing data)
Appendix B 329
Table B.3. Current Pulmonary Status, 1998-99
Respiratory Conditions
Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area
Frequency Frequency Frequency Male Female Total*
%* Male Female Total
%* Male Female Total*
%
Chronic cough 1 2 3 4.1 4 4 8 10.8 2 6 8 5.0 Wheezing 3 4 7 9.6 7 6 13 17.6 8 2 10 6.3 Chest illnesses 6 8 14 19.2 3 4 7 9.5 12 10 23 14.5 Asthma 0 3 3 4.2 3 6 9 12.2 5 3 8 5.0 Allergy 4 6 10 13.9 3 6 9 12.2 18 15 33 21.0
T* - total number of children with specified symptom %* - valid percent (adjusted to missing data)
Table B.4. “Respiratory Medical History, 1998-99
Respiratory Conditions
Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area
Frequency Frequency Frequency Male Female Total
%* Male Female Total
%* Male Female Total
%*
Measles (not German)
3 7 10 13.7 3 4 7 10 4 3 7 4.5
Sinus Trouble 8 6 14 19.2 5 3 8 11.8 18 18 36 22.6 Bronchiolitis 1 0 1 1.4 0 1 1 1.5 5 2 9 5.8 Bronchitis 9 9 18 24.7 6 1 7 10.1 17 13 32 20.4 Asthmatic Bronchitis
2 2 4 5.5 3 4 7 10.1 4 3 7 4.5
Pneumonia 7 4 11 15.7 5 1 6 8.7 10 8 19 12 Whooping Cough 0 2 2 2.7 2 2 4 5.7 0 1 1 0.6 Croup 7 2 9 12.3 4 3 7 10 10 12 24 15.1 Cystic Fibrosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.6
%* - Valid percentage from total surveyed (adjusted for missing data)
330 Appendix B
Table B.5. General Medical History, 1998-99
Respiratory Conditions Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area Norms
Frequency % Frequency % Frequency % %
Anxiety problems 4 5.5 3 4.1 9 5.8 5.2 Asthma 4 5.5 7 9.5 6 3.8 11.9 Attention problems 19 26 15 20.3 34 21.8 19.4 Behavioral problems 11 15.1 25 33.8 16 10.3 15.2 Chronic allergies or sinus problems
7
9.6
8
10.8
24
15.8
17.6
Chronic osteopathic, bone, or joint problems
1
1.4
2
2.7
1
0.6
3.4
Chronic respiratory, lung, or breathing trouble
2
2.7
3
4.1
1
0.6
4.4 Chronic rheumatic diseases
0
0
0
0
0
0
.3
Depression 3 4.1 4 5.4 8 5.1 4.7 Developmental delay or mental retardation
2
2.7
2
2.7
2
1.3
2.8
Diabetes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Epilepsy 0 0 1 1.4 1 0.6 1.3 Hearing impairment 1 1.4 1 1.4 4 2.6 4.4 Learning problems 5 6.8 13 17.6 17 10.9 11.7 Sleep disturbance 1 1.4 1 1.4 2 1.3 2.3 Speech problems 3 4.1 4 5.4 9 5.8 12.2 Vision problems 10 13.7 13 17.6 34 21.9 19.5 Any other physical condition that affects their well-being
2
2.7
2
2.7
8
5.2
5.3 Sub-total 72 98.6 73 98.6 154 97.5 100.0 Missing System 1 1.4 1 1.4 6 2.5 0 Total answered 73 100% 74 100% 160 100% 389 or
100%
Table B.6. Racial Background, 1998-99
Race Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area Norms
Frequencies % Frequencies % Frequencies % %
Caucasian 53 72.6 26 35.1 152 95.0 83.5 Afro-American 5 6.8 43 58.1 0 0 7.2 Hispanic 2 2.7 1 1.4 1 .6 6.9 Asian/Oriental 4 5.5 2 2.7 4 2.5 1.0 Other 9 12.3 1 1.4 2 1.3 1.8 Subtotal 73 100% 73 98.6% 159 99.4 100.0 Total 73 100% 74 100% 160 100.0 100.0
Appendix B 331
Table B.7. Parents Educational background, 1998-99
Education Level
Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area
Male Parent
Female parent
Male Parent Female parent
Male Parent
Female parent
Freq. % Freq. % Freq. % Freq. % Freq. % Freq. %
Some High School or Less
2
2.7
4
5.6
10
20.8
11
16.9
1
.7
0
0
High School Diploma or Some College
11
15.1
9
12.3
30
62.5
39
60.0
38
27.1
51
33.3 Trade or Vocational School
0
0
3
4.2
1
2.1
4
6.2
2
1.4
1
.7 Associate Degree
1
1.4
5
6.8
1
2.1
9
13.8
12
8.6
21
13.8 College Degree 18 24.7 22 30.1 6 12.5 2 3.1 56 40 61 39.9 Masters’ Degree 6 8.2 12 16.4 0 0 0 0 13 9.3 5 3.3 Professional or Doctor’s Degree
14
19.2
9
12.7
0
0
0
0
15
10.7
13
8.5
332
App
endi
x B
Tab
le B
.8. L
ivin
g En
viro
nmen
t, 19
98-9
9
R
ural
Are
a U
rban
Are
a Su
burb
an
Tot
al su
rvey
ed
73
74
16
0
Mea
n N
of p
eopl
e in
th
e ho
me
4.1
4.51
4.35
6
Ran
ge o
f peo
ple
in
hom
e 6
7
Adu
lts sm
okin
g re
gula
rly
15.1
%
mal
e pa
rent
15.1
%
fem
ale
pare
nt
6.8%
ot
her m
embe
rs
34%
m
ale
pare
nt
33.3
%
fem
ale
pare
nt
21.7
%
othe
r mem
bers
14
.1%
m
ale
pare
nt
12.9
%
fem
ale
pare
nt
3.8%
ot
her m
embe
rs
Shar
e ch
ild’s
room
w
ith
27.8
%
0 pe
rson
62.5
%
1 pe
rson
8.3%
2
pers
ons
1.4%
3
or m
ore
pers
ons
8.5%
0
pers
on
66.2
%
1 pe
rson
19.7
%
2 pe
rson
s
5.6
%
3 or
mor
e pe
rson
s
17%
0
pers
on
74.1
%
1 pe
rson
8.2%
2
pers
ons
0.7%
3
or m
ore
pers
ons
Fuel
use
d fo
r coo
king
0%
w
ood
46.6 %
util.
ga
s
4.1%
ta
nk g
as
49.3
%
elec
trici
ty
0%
fuel
oil,
ke
rose
ne,
& o
ther
0%
woo
d 51
.4%
ut
il. g
as
1.4%
ta
nk g
as
44.6
%
elec
trici
ty
2.8%
fu
el o
il,
kero
sene
, &
othe
r
0.6%
w
ood
28.9
%
util.
gas
3.
8%
tank
gas
65
.4%
el
ectri
city
1.
2%
fuel
oil,
ke
rose
ne,
& o
ther
A
ir C
ondi
tione
r, H
umid
ifier
, air
filte
r 20
.8%
no
ne
38.9 %
air
cond
. or
fil
ter
only
9.7%
ai
r con
d.,
&
hum
idifi
er
11.1
%
air c
ond.
&
filte
r
19.4
%
air c
ond,
&
hum
idifi
er, &
filte
r
15.1
%
none
52
.1%
ai
r con
d.
or fi
lter
only
11%
ai
r con
d,
&hu
mid
ifier
9.6%
ai
r con
d. &
fil
ter
12.3
%
air c
ond,
&
hum
idifi
er,
& fi
lter
5.7
%
none
24
.7%
ai
r con
d.
or
hum
idifi
er o
nly
18.4
%
air c
ond,
&
hum
idifi
er
20.9
%
air c
ond.
&
filte
r
29.7
%
air c
ond,
&
hum
idi
fier,
&
filte
r
Cat
, dog
, or b
ird
37
%
none
` 21
.9 %
cat
17.8
%
dog
1.4%
bi
rd
20.8
%
cat &
dog
54
.1%
no
ne`
6.8%
ca
t 18
.9%
do
g 1.
4%
bird
13
.5%
ca
t & d
og
27.7
%
none
` 18
.2%
ca
t 28
.3%
do
g 2.
5%
bird
17
.6%
ca
t&do
g
Appendix B 333
Extended Questionnaire, 1998-1999 Sample Only
Participants in the 1998-1999 study completed an extensive survey that assessed emotional, physical and behavioral factors to more completely understand perception of health. The results to this extensive survey are found in Tables B.9 through B.24. The discussion below offers an explanation about the variables measured in this survey.
Role/social limitations due to emotional-behavioral problems (REB) variable exhibits the frequency of limitations in the amount of time a child could spend on schoolwork or activities with friends due to emotional or behavioral problems. The frequency range goes from “yes, limited a lot” to “no, not limited.” Low score indicates that child is limited a lot in any kind of activities as a result of emotional problems. High score shows that child has no limitations to school or other activities as a result of emotional health.
Physical functioning (PF) variable presents a range of limitations in child’s physical activities due to health. The range goes from “yes, limited a lot” to “no, not limited” and includes range of physical activities from those that require a lot of energy to the basic physical functions. Low score indicates that child considerably limited in performing all physical activities due to health problems. High score shows that child performs all types of physical activities, including the most dynamic, without limitations.
Role/social limitations due to physical health (RP) category gives the frequency of limitations in the kind of schoolwork or activities with friends due to problems with child’s physical health. The frequency ranges goes from “yes, limited a lot” to “no, not limited.” Low score indicates that child is limited a lot in any kind of activities as a result of physical health. High score shows that child has no limitations to school or other activities as a result of physical health.
Bodily pain and discomfort question (BP) is another indicator of physical health. This category provides information on frequency of bodily pain from “none of the time” to “every/almost every day”. Low score indicates that child has extremely severe, frequent, and limiting bodily pain. High score shows that child has no pain at all.
Behavioral scale (BE) presents the picture of general behavior as the overt indicator of mental health. It gives frequency of such behavioral patterns as aggressiveness, impulsivity, and delinquency and ranges from “very often” to “never.” In addition to the stated components, parents were asked to rank overall child’s behavior against other children of the same age. Low score indicates that child often exhibits aggressive or impulsive behavior. High score shows that child never exhibits immature behavior.
Mental health (MH) measures frequency of negative state such as feeling lonely, acting nervously, and acting bothered/upset. The frequency goes from “all of the time” to “none of the time.” Low score shows that child feels anxiety and depression most of the time. Contrary, high score means that child feels peaceful and calm all of the time.
Self-esteem (SE) gives the multi-dimensional picture of child self esteem concept that arises in adolescent age. This category captivates satisfaction with school and athletic ability, looks/apperiance, ability to go along with others and family, and life overall. The answers range from “very satisfied” to “very dissatisfied.” Final low score for a sample assumes that
334 Appendix B
child is very dissatisfied with appearance, looks, relationships, and life overall. High score means that child is very satisfied with all mentioned categories.
General health perceptions (GH) category provides overall picture of children health. This category combines two questions. The first question is the parent’s subjective assessment of child’s overall health. Parents were also asked to respond on statements regarding their child’s health and illness in the past, present, and future in continuum from “definitely true” to definitely false.” Low score indicates parents’ believes that their child’s health is poor and likely to get worse. High score is excellent and will continue to be so.
Parental emotional impact (PE) captures the amount of emotional distress experienced by child’s parent due to the following areas: child’s physical health, emotional well-being, attention or learning abilities, his/her ability to go along with others, and general behavior. Low score indicates that parents experienced significant amount of stress due to the child’s emotional or physical health.
Parental time impact (PT) shows the amount of limitations in personal time the parent experienced due to the following problems: child’s physical health, emotional well-being, attention or learning abilities, his/her ability to go along with others, and general behavior. Degree of limitations has four point scale and goes from “yes, limited a lot” till “no, not limited.”
Family limitations in activities (FA) question provides frequencies of disruption of regular family ‘s activities over last four weeks from “very often” to “never.” Low score indicates that the child very often limits or interrupts family activities or even a cause of family conflict. High score shows that the child never limits family activities or causes family tension.
Family cohesion (FC) determines the family’s ability to go along. Low score indicates that parent rates the family’s capacity to get along as “poor.” High score rates “go along” ability as “excellent.”
National Population Sample of U.S. Children was represented by 398 children with the broad age range from 6 to 18 years old. The National Norms sample for 11-12 years old children was represented by only 83 children. Contrary, 73 children represented rural and urban sites and 160 children represented suburban sample for the given age group in this study. The National Norms for Population Sample of U.S. Children with Parents with Non-Caucasian Ethnicity were calculated based on the survey of 66 children. The sample in this study with the same characteristics was represented by 43 children. This statistics shows that the National Norms are based on lower numbers than some samples in this study and may be disputed.
Comparing boys and girls groups, the trend can be seen. The girls samples consistently had lower scores than boys in physical functioning (PF), role/social limitations due to physical health (RP), and bodily pain (BP) categories. Contrary, the boys were always rated lower in self esteem (SE), role/social limitations due to emotional or behavioral difficulties (REB), behavior scale (BE), and mental health (MH) categories.
Appendix B 335
In self esteem category (SE), the boys were continuously rated lower than the girls groups or the total, males and females, groups in all sites. The scores for this category were also below the National Norms for the U.S. Population, males and females group of 11-12 years old.
Emotional impact on parent (PE) was always below the score for the time impact on parent (PT) category. Despite the fact the emotional impact on parent (PE) was consistently underscored compared to the National Norms, the time impact in parent category (PT) was steadily above the score presented in the National Norms. The same relationships could be observed for the family activities (FA) and family cohesion (FC) categories.
Overall, parents tend to give higher score to the general health perception category, they also scored high the mental health category. At the same time, bodily discomfort (BP) in most cases, and behavior scale (BE) consistently were rated far below the National norms for different gender, age, and ethnicity.
336
App
endi
x B
Tab
le B
.9.
Expa
nded
Sur
vey
Res
ults
, Tot
al (M
ales
& F
emal
es) R
ural
Site
Sam
ple
R
EB
: R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
em
otio
nal
or
beha
vior
al
diff
icul
ties
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Pa
rent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
73
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
M
issi
ng
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 1
Mea
n
90.4
1 88
.19
90.4
1 81
.64
73.3
3 79
.79
82.6
5 81
.75
79.9
7 92
.01
85.0
7 77
.71
Std.
D
evia
tion
20.4
0
22.9
9
20.4
0
16.2
5
17.4
4
14.8
9
18.6
7
17.5
1
18.7
2
13.3
5
18.0
0
18.9
5 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
10
0.00
88
.89
100.
00
80.0
0 65
.00
66.6
7 75
.00
68.1
3 62
.50
83.3
3 75
.00
60.0
0
50
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 77
.50
83.3
3 91
.67
87.5
0 87
.50
100.
00
87.5
0 85
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
87
.50
91.6
7 10
0.00
95
.00
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
85.0
0
Tab
le B
.10.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, Boy
s Rur
al S
ite S
ampl
e
RE
B:
Rol
e/so
cial
lim
itatio
ns
due
to
emot
iona
l or
be
havi
oral
di
ffic
ultie
s
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Pa
rent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
M
issi
ng
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Mea
n
84.9
5 92
.83
84.9
5 83
.23
69.3
7 76
.34
79.5
7 83
.05
78.6
3 91
.94
85.8
9 78
.23
Std.
D
evia
tion
25.5
9
18.2
7
25.5
9
17.9
6
18.2
7
16.2
6
20.5
1
18.7
8
18.8
7
12.8
2
20.0
9
22.1
9 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
66
.67
100.
00
66.6
7 80
.00
65.0
0 66
.67
66.6
7 71
.25
62.5
0 83
.33
75.0
0 60
.00
50
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
71.2
5 75
.00
83.3
3 90
.00
87.5
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
83
.75
91.6
7 10
0.00
10
0.00
87
.50
100.
00
100.
00
85.0
0
App
endi
x B
33
7
Tab
le B
.11.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, Girl
s Rur
al S
ite S
ampl
e
RE
B:
Rol
e/so
cial
lim
itatio
ns
due
to
emot
iona
l or
be
havi
oral
di
ffic
ultie
s
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
42
41
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
41
41
M
issi
ng
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 1
Mea
n
94.4
4 84
.69
94.4
4 80
.48
76.2
5 82
.34
84.9
2 80
.79
80.9
5 92
.06
84.4
5 77
.32
Std.
D
evia
tion
14.5
7
25.6
6
14.5
7
14.9
7
16.4
1
13.4
2
17.0
9
16.6
7
18.7
7
13.8
9
16.4
8
16.3
6 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
10
0.00
77
.78
100.
00
80.0
0 63
.44
75.0
0 75
.00
65.0
0 62
.50
83.3
3 75
.00
60.0
0
50
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 81
.25
83.3
3 91
.67
85.6
3 87
.50
100.
00
87.5
0 85
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
87.5
0 91
.67
100.
00
93.7
5 10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
a m
ale
or fe
mal
e =
fem
ale
338
App
endi
x B
T
able
B.1
2. E
xpan
ded
Surv
ey R
esul
ts, T
otal
(Mal
es &
Fem
ales
) Urb
an S
ite S
ampl
e
RE
B:
Rol
e/so
cial
lim
itatio
ns
due
to
emot
iona
l or
be
havi
oral
di
ffic
ultie
s
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
74
74
74
74
74
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
M
issi
ng
0 0
0 0
0 2
1 1
1 1
1 1
Mea
n
84.6
8 92
.12
84.6
8 79
.19
58.0
8 80
.79
75.6
8 68
.64
75.6
8 86
.99
77.9
1 64
.73
Std.
D
evia
tion
28.7
7
21.8
4
28.7
7
21.3
1
23.4
4
16.9
9
18.7
8
18.9
3
23.9
3
19.8
9
27.8
4
24.6
9 R
ange
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
92.5
0 58
.33
75.0
0 73
.75
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
Perc
entil
es
25
66.6
7 10
0.00
66
.67
60.0
0 45
.00
66.6
7 58
.33
52.5
0 62
.50
83.3
3 62
.50
60.0
0
50
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 58
.75
83.3
3 75
.00
71.2
5 75
.00
100.
00
87.5
0 60
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
77
.50
100.
00
91.6
7 85
.62
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
85.0
0
App
endi
x B
33
9
Tab
le B
.13.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, B
oys U
rban
Site
Sam
ple
R
EB
: R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
em
otio
nal
or
beha
vior
al
diff
icul
ties
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
32
32
32
32
32
30
31
31
31
31
31
31
M
issi
ng
0 0
0 0
0 2
1 1
1 1
1 1
Mea
n
71.8
8 88
.37
71.8
8 78
.75
46.0
2 75
.28
66.1
3 68
.67
67.3
4 81
.18
72.1
8 64
.68
Std.
D
evia
tion
33.9
8
27.8
8
33.9
8
22.1
1
20.8
9
17.0
2
20.0
6
21.3
9
23.4
2
22.2
5
29.5
3
20.8
1 R
ange
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 70
.00
58.3
3 75
.00
73.7
5 75
.00
100.
00
100.
00
70.0
0 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
41
.67
100.
00
41.6
7 60
.00
33.1
3 64
.58
50.0
0 56
.25
50.0
0 66
.67
50.0
0 60
.00
50
83
.33
100.
00
83.3
3 80
.00
46.2
5 75
.00
66.6
7 71
.25
75.0
0 83
.33
75.0
0 60
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
63
.44
91.6
7 75
.00
90.0
0 87
.50
100.
00
100.
00
85.0
0
340
App
endi
x B
Tab
le B
.14.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, Girl
s Urb
an S
ite S
ampl
e
RE
B:
Rol
e/so
cial
lim
itatio
ns
due
to
emot
iona
l or
be
havi
oral
di
ffic
ultie
s
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Pa
rent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
M
issi
ng
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Mea
n
94.4
4 94
.97
94.4
4 79
.52
67.2
7 84
.72
82.7
4 68
.63
81.8
5 91
.27
82.1
4 64
.76
Std.
D
evia
tion
19.3
6
15.5
6
19.3
6
20.9
5
21.1
8
16.0
4
14.3
0
17.1
5
22.6
3
16.9
6
26.0
7
27.4
5 R
ange
100.
00
77.7
8 10
0.00
10
0.00
92
.50
58.3
3 50
.00
66.2
5 10
0.00
66
.67
100.
00
100.
00
Perc
entil
es
25
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
60.0
0 52
.50
75.0
0 75
.00
52.5
0 75
.00
83.3
3 71
.88
30.0
0
50
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 68
.13
91.6
7 83
.33
71.2
5 87
.50
100.
00
100.
00
60.0
0
75
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
83.7
5 10
0.00
91
.67
81.8
8 10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
App
endi
x B
34
1
Tab
le B
.15.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, Chi
ldre
n w
ith N
on-C
auca
sian
(Afr
o-A
mer
ican
, His
pani
c, a
nd A
sian
) Bac
kgro
und
Urb
an S
ite
R
EB
: R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
em
otio
nal
or
beha
vior
al
diff
icul
ties
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
E
stee
m
Scal
e
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT: T
ime
Impa
ct
on
Pare
nt
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
43
43
43
43
43
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
M
issi
ng
0 0
0 0
0 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
Mea
n
80.6
2 94
.19
80.6
2 81
.40
58.1
4 81
.55
78.3
7 67
.17
77.0
8 84
.13
75.6
0 65
.00
Std.
D
evia
tion
31.9
0
19.8
1
31.9
0
19.7
1
26.4
7
19.0
0
19.7
4
17.8
4
22.9
2
23.2
7
29.9
8
25.1
6 R
ange
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 92
.50
58.3
3 75
.00
73.7
5 75
.00
100.
00
100.
00
70.0
0 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
66
.67
100.
00
66.6
7 60
.00
45.0
0 66
.67
66.6
7 55
.31
62.5
0 66
.67
59.3
8 30
.00
50
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
65.0
0 83
.33
83.3
3 65
.00
81.2
5 10
0.00
87
.50
60.0
0
75
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
77.5
0 10
0.00
91
.67
77.5
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
342
App
endi
x B
Tab
leB
.16.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, C
hild
ren
with
Cau
casi
an B
ackg
roun
d U
rban
Site
Sam
ple
R
EB
: R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
em
otio
nal
or
beha
vior
al
diff
icul
ties
PF:
Phy
sica
l Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pa
in a
nd
disc
omfo
rt
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Pa
rent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
26
26
26
26
26
25
26
26
26
26
26
26
M
issi
ng
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
Mea
n
92.3
1 91
.45
92.3
1 76
.92
59.3
4 82
.00
72.7
6 73
.65
80.2
9 94
.23
82.6
9 66
.54
Std.
D
evia
tion
17.1
5
22.7
3
17.1
5
24.4
6
19.6
4
12.6
6
18.0
4
17.8
6
15.4
8
10.4
8
24.2
6
22.9
7 R
ange
66.6
7 10
0.00
66
.67
100.
00
92.5
0 41
.67
58.3
3 60
.00
62.5
0 33
.33
100.
00
70.0
0 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
60
.00
52.5
0 70
.83
58.3
3 57
.19
75.0
0 83
.33
75.0
0 60
.00
50
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
58.5
4 83
.33
75.0
0 73
.13
81.2
5 10
0.00
93
.75
60.0
0
75
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
69.3
8 91
.67
91.6
7 90
.00
87.5
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
App
endi
x B
34
3
Tab
le B
.17.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, Tot
al (M
ales
&Fe
mal
es) S
ubur
ban
Site
Sam
ple
R
EB
: R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
em
otio
nal
or
beha
vior
al
diff
icul
ties
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
158
158
158
158
159
158
159
160
159
160
160
160
M
issi
ng
2 2
2 2
1 2
1 0
1 0
0 0
Mea
n
91.1
4 96
.20
91.1
4 77
.97
69.8
0 78
.53
78.8
3 84
.82
78.2
2 89
.17
84.0
6 75
.25
Std.
D
evia
tion
18.5
9
10.8
4
18.5
9
19.8
3
16.7
2
14.6
1
20.1
5
14.2
6
18.0
8
17.0
5
19.2
7
18.9
7 R
ange
100.
00
66.6
7 10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
75.0
0 10
0.00
86
.25
75.0
0 66
.67
75.0
0 10
0.00
Pe
rcen
tiles
25
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
58.7
5 66
.67
66.6
7 75
.00
62.5
0 83
.33
75.0
0 60
.00
50
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
71.2
5 83
.33
83.3
3 87
.08
75.0
0 10
0.00
87
.50
85.0
0
75
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
81.2
5 91
.67
91.6
7 99
.06
87.5
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
344
App
endi
x B
Tab
le B
.18.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, Boy
s Sub
urba
n Si
te S
ampl
e
RE
B:
Rol
e/so
cial
lim
itatio
ns
due
to
emot
iona
l or
be
havi
oral
di
ffic
ultie
s
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
Bod
ily
pain
and
di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
76
76
76
77
77
75
76
77
76
77
77
77
M
issi
ng
1 1
1 0
0 2
1 0
1 0
0 0
Mea
n
87.2
8 97
.81
87.2
8 81
.04
66.3
5 78
.56
77.5
2 84
.81
77.3
0 88
.10
83.4
4 73
.83
Std.
D
evia
tion
20
.34
8.
71
20
.34
17
.74
17
.46
16
.22
21
.82
16
.15
19
.23
17
.28
18
.85
18
.71
Ran
ge
66
.67
55.5
6 66
.67
80.0
0 68
.75
75.0
0 10
0.00
86
.25
75.0
0 66
.67
62.5
0 70
.00
Perc
entil
es
25
66.6
7 10
0.00
66
.67
80.0
0 52
.50
66.6
7 66
.67
77.5
0 62
.50
83.3
3 75
.00
60.0
0
50
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 65
.00
83.3
3 83
.33
87.5
0 75
.00
100.
00
87.5
0 85
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.63
91.6
7 91
.67
100.
00
87.5
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
App
endi
x B
34
5
Tab
le B
.19.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, Girl
s Sub
urba
n Si
te S
ampl
e
RE
B:
Rol
e/so
cial
lim
itatio
ns
due
to
emot
iona
l or
be
havi
oral
di
ffic
ultie
s
PF: P
hysi
cal
Func
tioni
ngR
P:
Rol
e/so
cial
lim
itatio
ns
due
to
phys
ical
he
alth
BP:
Bod
ily
pain
and
di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT: T
ime
Impa
ct
on P
aren
t
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
N
Val
id
82
82
82
81
82
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
M
issi
ng
1 1
1 2
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Mea
n
94.7
2 94
.72
94.7
2 75
.06
73.0
4 78
.51
80.0
2 84
.83
79.0
7 90
.16
84.6
4 76
.57
Std.
D
evia
tion
16.1
2
12.3
7
16.1
2
21.3
4
15.4
2
13.0
9
18.5
4
12.3
4
17.0
3
16.8
8
19.7
5
19.2
4 R
ange
100.
00
66.6
7 10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
50.0
0 83
.33
47.5
0 75
.00
66.6
7 75
.00
100.
00
Perc
entil
es
25
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
70.0
0 65
.00
75.0
0 75
.00
75.0
0 75
.00
83.3
3 75
.00
60.0
0
50
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 76
.25
83.3
3 83
.33
83.7
5 87
.50
100.
00
87.5
0 85
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
83.7
5 83
.33
91.6
7 96
.25
87.5
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
346
App
endi
x B
Tab
le B
.20.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, Chi
ld H
ealth
Que
stio
nnai
re-P
28 N
atio
nal N
orm
s for
the
Age
s 11-
12, P
opul
atio
n Sa
mpl
e of
U.S
. C
hild
ren
R
EB
: R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
em
otio
nal
or
beha
vior
al
diff
icul
ties
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
Mea
n
91.4
0 94
.40
92.8
0 84
.10
69.3
0 78
.50
79.5
0 73
.60
83.7
0 90
.20
91.4
0 67
.20
Std.
D
evia
tion
17.1
0
15.9
0
19.5
0
17.0
0
18.7
0
15.3
0
19.9
0
18.6
0
14.4
0
18.0
0
18.1
0
21.1
0 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
83
.30
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 58
.80
66.7
0 75
.00
58.8
0 75
.00
83.3
0 87
.50
50.0
0
50
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 71
.30
83.3
0 83
.30
75.0
0 87
.50
100.
00
100.
00
60.0
0
75
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
83.4
0 91
.70
91.7
0 93
.80
93.8
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
N=8
3 T
able
B.2
1. E
xpan
ded
Surv
ey R
esul
ts, C
hild
Hea
lth Q
uest
ionn
aire
-P28
Nat
iona
l Nor
ms f
or th
e B
oys,
Popu
latio
n Sa
mpl
e of
U.S
. Chi
ldre
n
RE
B:
Rol
e/so
cial
lim
itatio
ns
due
to
emot
iona
l or
be
havi
oral
di
ffic
ultie
s
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
Mea
n
90.7
0 93
.50
92.5
0 82
.30
68.9
0 81
.330
78.5
0 72
.00
80.4
0 86
.50
90.0
0 73
.40
Std.
D
evia
tion
22.0
0
10.5
0
22.6
0
19.9
0
18.4
0
15.6
0
19.7
0
20.8
0
19.2
0
22.3
0
21.0
0
21.2
0 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
60
.00
58.8
0 75
.00
75.0
0 58
.80
87.5
0 83
.30
87.5
0 60
.00
50
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
71.3
0 83
.30
83.3
0 75
.00
90.3
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
81
.30
91.7
0 91
.70
87.5
0 93
.80
100.
00
100.
00
85.0
0 N
=212
App
endi
x B
34
7
Tab
le B
.22.
Exp
ande
d Su
rvey
Res
ults
, Chi
ld H
ealth
Que
stio
nnai
re-P
28 N
atio
nal N
orm
s for
the
Girl
s, Po
pula
tion
Sam
ple
of U
.S. C
hild
ren
R
EB
: R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
em
otio
nal
or
beha
vior
al
diff
icul
ties
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
Mea
n
94.6
0 97
.10
95.3
0 80
.10
73.2
0 77
.60
81.7
0 76
.50
82.4
0 91
.20
92.8
0 71
.00
Std.
D
evia
tion
14.6
0
9.70
15.4
0
19.6
0
19.0
0
15.2
0
18.2
0
18.2
0
17.4
0
17.7
0
15.5
0
22.2
0 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
60
.00
65.0
0 66
.70
75.0
0 62
.50
75.0
0 83
.30
87.5
0 60
.00
50
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
77.5
0 75
.00
83.3
0 77
.50
87.5
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
87
.50
91.7
0 10
0.00
93
.80
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
85.0
0 N
=177
T
able
B.2
3. E
xpan
ded
Surv
ey R
esul
ts, C
hild
Hea
lth Q
uest
ionn
aire
-P28
Nat
iona
l Nor
ms f
or C
hild
ren
by P
aren
ts E
thni
city
(Non
-Cau
casi
an),
Po
pula
tion
Sam
ple
of U
.S. C
hild
ren
R
EB
: R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
em
otio
nal
or
beha
vior
al
diff
icul
ties
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
Mea
n
85.6
0 91
.10
88.9
0 80
.00
69.1
0 78
.40
80.2
0 67
.30
80.0
0 80
.60
84.1
0 71
.10
Std.
D
evia
tion
26.5
0
23.5
0
26.4
0
23.0
0
19.5
0
17.5
0
20.0
0
22.2
0
22.3
0
29.0
0
27.6
0
21.8
0 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
83
.30
100.
00
100.
00
60.0
0 57
.50
66.7
0 75
.00
52.5
0 73
.40
66.7
0 75
.00
60.0
0
50
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
80.0
0 71
.30
83.3
0 83
.30
65.0
0 87
.50
100.
00
100.
00
85.0
0
75
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
83.8
0 91
.70
97.9
0 83
.80
100.
00
100.
00
100.
00
85.0
0 N
=66
348
App
endi
x B
T
able
B.2
4. E
xpan
ded
Surv
ey R
esul
ts, C
hild
Hea
lth Q
uest
ionn
aire
-P28
Nat
iona
l Nor
ms f
or C
hild
ren
by P
aren
ts E
thni
city
(Cau
casi
an)
Popu
latio
n Sa
mpl
e of
U.S
. Chi
ldre
n
.
RE
B:
Rol
e/so
cial
lim
itatio
ns
due
to
emot
iona
l or
be
havi
oral
di
ffic
ultie
s
PF:
Phys
ical
Fu
nctio
ning
RP:
R
ole/
soci
al
limita
tions
du
e to
ph
ysic
al
heal
th
BP:
B
odily
pai
n an
d di
scom
fort
BE
: B
ehav
ior
Scal
e
MH
: M
enta
l H
ealth
SE:
Self-
Est
eem
Sc
ale
GH
: G
ener
al
Hea
lth
Perc
eptio
ns
PE:
Em
otio
nal
Impa
ct o
n Pa
rent
PT:
Tim
e Im
pact
on
Par
ent
FA:
Fam
ily
Act
iviti
es
FC:
Fam
ily
Coh
esio
n
Mea
n
93.8
0 95
.80
94.7
0 81
.60
71.1
0 79
.90
80.1
0 75
.40
81.6
0 90
.00
92.6
0 72
.60
Std.
D
evia
tion
16.9
0
14.2
0
17.9
0
19.0
0
18.6
0
15.1
0
19.0
0
19.0
0
17.5
0
18.5
0
16.3
0
21.6
0 Pe
rcen
tiles
25
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
58.8
0 75
.00
75.0
0 65
.00
75.0
0 83
.30
87.5
0 60
.00
50
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
80
.00
75.0
0 83
.30
83.3
0 77
.50
87.5
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
75
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
83
.80
91.7
0 91
.70
90.0
0 10
0.00
10
0.00
10
0.00
85
.00
N=3
24
Appendix B 349
Table B.25. General Children Health, 1999-2000
Gender and Health Status
Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area
Frequency % from total*
Frequency % from total
Frequency % from total
Male 7 41.2 9 39.1 22 55.0 Female 10 58.8 14 60.9 18 45.0 Male Female Total % from
total Male Female Total % from
total Male Female Total % from
total Excellent 4 6 9 58.8 0 4 4 17.4 11 8 19 47.5 Very good 3 3 6 35.3 5 6 11 47.8 8 8 16 40.0 Good 0 1 1 5.9 4 3 7 30.4 2 2 4 10.0 Fair 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 4.3 1 0 1 2.5 Sub-total 7 10 17 100.0 9 14 23 100.0 22 18 40 97.6 Missing System
0
0
0
0
1
2.4
Total 17 100.0 23 100.0 41 100.0 %* - Valid percent (adjusted for missing data)
Table B.26. Current Pulmonary Status, 1999-2000
Respiratory Conditions
Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area
Frequency Frequency Frequency Male Female Total*
%* Male Female Total
%* Male Female Total*
%
Chronic cough 0
0
0
0
3
3
6
26.1
1
2
3
7.3
Wheezing 0 0 1 5.9 4 5 9 39.1 4 7 11 26.8 Chest illnesses
0 1
1
5.9
1
3
4
17.4
2
3
5
12.5
Asthma 0 0 0 0 4 6 10 43.5 3 5 8 20.0 Allergy 1 1 2 11.8 4 5 9 40.9 7 3 10 25.0 T* - total number of children with specified symptom %* - valid percent (adjusted to missing data)
350 Appendix B
Table B.27. Respiratory Medical History, 1999-2000
Respiratory Conditions
Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area
Frequency Frequency Frequency Male Female Total
%* Male Female Total
%* Male Female Total
%*
Measles (not German)
0
2
2
11.8
1
3
4
17.4
0
0
0
0
Sinus Trouble 0 3 3 17.6 1 2 3 13 4 6 10 25.0 Bronchiolitis 1 0 1 5.9 0 1 1 4.3 1 4 5 12.5 Bronchitis 3 2 5 29.4 2 2 4 17.4 4 3 7 17.5 Asthmatic Bronchitis
0
0
0
0
3
4
7
30.4
1
2
3
7.5
Pneumonia 2 0 2 11.8 0 1 1 4.3 5 4 9 22.5 Whooping Cough 0 1 1 5.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Croup 1 0 1 5.9 1 0 1 4.3 4 4 8 20.0 Cystic Fibrosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Table B.28. Living Environment, 1999-2000
Living Conditions Rural Area Urban Area Suburban Area
Frequency % Frequency % Frequency % Pets home 10 58.8 7 30.4 23 57.5 Home air conditioning 14 82.4 17 73.9 38 90.5 Home smoking environment 5 29.4 14 60.9 7 17.5