Appendix A

Performance Classifications and Statistics

Benton Performance Classifications a

Percentile Classification

100% Very superior 97% Superior 90% High average 73% Average 23% Low average

8% Borderline 5% Defective

<1% Severely defective

a From Benton el al. (1983) and Benton and Hamsher (1989).

Wechsler Performance Classifications a

IQ

130+ 120-129 110-119 90-109 80-89 70-79

<69

a From Wechsler (1981).

363

Classification

Very superior Superior High average Average Low average Borderline Mentally retarded

364 APPENDIX A

Heaton, Grant, and Matthews Performance Classifications a

T-scores Classification

55-100 Above average 45-54 Average 40-44 Below average 35-39 Mild 30-34 Mild to moderate 25-29 Moderate 20-24 Moderate to severe 0-19 Severe

• From Heaton et al. (1991).

Statistical Equivalences

Percentile Standard Scaled ranks scores T-scores scores Z-scores

>99 145 80 3.0 >99 137 75 2.5

99 133 72 17 98 130 70 16 2.0 97 127 69 96 126 67 95 124 66 15 94 123 93 122 65 1.5 92 121 64 91 120 14 90 119 63 89 118 88 62 87 117 86 116 61 85 84 115 60 13 1.0 83 114 82 59 81 113 80 79 112 58 78 77 III 76 57 75 110 12 74 73 109 56 72 71 70 108 69 55 0.5 68 107 67

PERFORMANCE CLASSIFICATIONS AND STATISTICS 365

Statistical Equivalences. (Continued)

66 106 54 65 64 63 105 11 62 53 61 104 60 59 58 103 52 57 56 55 102 54 51 53 101 52 51 50 100 50 10 0.0 49 48 47 99 46 49 45 98 44 43 42 97 48 41 40 39 96 38 47 37 95 9 36 35 34 94 46 33 32 93 31 45 -0.5 30 92 29 28 27 91 44 26 25 90 8 24 43 23 89 22 21 88 42 20 19 87 18 86 41 17 16 85 40 7 -1.0 15 14 84 39 13 83 12 82 38

366 APPENDIX A

Statistical Equivalences. (Continued)

11 10 81 37 9 80 6 8 79 36 7 78 35 -1.5 6 77 5 75 34 5 4 74 33 3 72 31 2 70 30 4 -2.0

67 28 3 <1 63 25 -2.5 <1 55 20 -3.0

REFERENCES

Benton. A. L .• & Hamsher. K. (1989). Multilingual aphasia examination (2nd ed.). Iowa City: AlA Associates. Benton. A. L.. Hamsher. K .• Varney. N. R .• & Spreen. O. (1983). Contributions to neuropsychological assess­

ment: A clinical manual. New York: Oxford University Press. Heaton. R. K .• Grant. I .• & Matthews. C. O. (1991). Comprehensive norms/or an expanded Halstead-Reitan

Battery: Demographic corrections. research findings. and clinical applications. Odessa. FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

Wechsler. D. (1981). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised. New York: Psychological Corporation.

Appendix B

Neuropsychological Interview Form

Name: Record No.: __________ _ Age: __ Date of Birth: __ 1 __ 1 __ Social Security No.: __ -__ -__ _ Address: _________________________ ___

Home Phone: ( ) _______ Business Phone: ( ) ______ _ Interviewer: ___________ Date of Interview: __ 1 __ 1 __ RererralSou~e: _______________________ _

Reason for Referral: ______________________ _

MEDICAL DATA AND DATA FROM RECORDS Date of Injury: _1_1_ Time: ____ _ C~umstances of Injury: ____________________ _

Medical Findings: [CT, MR!, EEG] _______________ _

Medical Diagnosis: [onset, course, prognosis, loss of consciousness, coma, length of hospitalization] ______________________ _

Medications: [active side effects, allergies] ______________ _

MEDICAL HISTORY Previous Neurological Disorders: [head injury, stroke, anoxia, meningitis, encephalitis,

seizures, toxic exposures] __________________ _

Systemic Disorders: _____________________ _

367

368 APPENDIX B

PSYCHIATRIC HISTORY Diagnoses: ____________________________________________________ _ Treatment: ____________________________________________________ __ Suicide: ______________________________________________________ _

SUBSTANCE USE Tobacco: [amount, frequency, dates, treatment] __________________________ _

Alcohol: ___________________________ _ Oilierdrugs: __________________________ __

PATIENT'S REPORT OF ACCIDENT, INJURY, ILLNESS, AND SYMPTOMS Current Complaints/Symptoms: ______________________________________ _

Patient's Account of Injury or Illness: ________________________________ __

Patient's Account of Accident: ______________________________________ _

Last Clear Memory Prior to Injury: __________________________________ __

First Continuous Memory After Injury: ________________________________ _

Vision: [double, blurred, loss, glasses] ________________________________ __ Hearing: [tinnitus, hearing aid] ______________________________________ _ Touch: [tingling, numbness] ________________________________________ _ Smell: _____________________________ _ Taste: ______________________________________________________ ___ Pain: ________________________________________________________ __

Balance: [dizziness, fainting, falls] __________________________________ _ Motor Abilities: [speed, clumsiness, tremor, dropping things] ________________ __

R/L Hand Preference: ____ Sinistrality in Family: ________________________ _ VValhlng:_' _________________________ __ Attention: [concentration, distractibility] ______________________________ ___

Memory: [forgets day, appointments, becomes lost] ______________________ ___

Speech: [speahlng, reading, writing] ____________________ __

Ariilimetic: ____________________________________________________ _

Problem-Solving and Decision-Mahlng: ________________________________ _

Anxiety: ______________________________________________________ _

Depression: [withdrawal, suicidal ideation, attempt, history] __________________ _

Frustration and Anger: __________________________________________ _

NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVIEW FORM 369

Stressors: [family, marital, occupational, financial, school] _________ _

Energy Level: [fatigue] _____________________ _ Sleep: [duration, quality, naps] ___________________ _ Appetite: [increase, decrease, weight change] ______________ _ Exercise: [frequency, duration] ___________________ _ Sexual Functioning: _______________________ _

PRE-POST INJURY EVERYDAY FUNCTIONING Living situation: ________________________ _

ADLs: [eating, toileting, dressing] __________________ _

Domestic Chores: [cooking, dishwashing, housecleaning, yard work] _____ _

Financial Responsibilities: [checkbook, pays bills] ____________ _

Relations with Family Members: __________________ _

Friendships and Social Activities: __________________ _

Transportation: [handivan, bus, driving] _______________ _

DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY PlaceofBirth: ________________________ ___

Mother's Pregnancy: ______________________ _ Delivery: __________________________ _

Birth Weight: _________________ ~-------Age Started: Walking Talking ________ _ Childhood Diseases: [fevers] ___________________ ___

Developmental Problems: [impairments in hearing, speaking, reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, behavior, attention, enuresis, sleep disorders] _____ _

PrimaryLanguage: _______________________ __ Secondary Language: ______________________ _

EDUCATION Highest Grade Completed: ____________________ _ Schools Attended: _______________________ _ Grades in Best Subjects: _____________________ __ Grades in Worst Subjects: ____________________ _ Special Education: _______________________ _ Grades Repeated: _______________________ ___ Disciplinary Problems: _____________________ _

WORK HISTORY Current Employment: [company, duration, duties, remuneration] _______ _

370 APPENDIX B

Prior Employment: [chronology, longest period of employment] _______ _

MILITARY HISTORY Branch: ____________ Dates: ___________ _ Highest Rank: Duties: ___________ _ Disciplinary Actions: Discharge Status: ______ _ LEISUREIRECREA TION Hobbies: ____________ Sports: ___________ _

LEGAL PROBLEMS

FAMILY HISTORY Mother: [age, occupation] ____________________ _

Father: [age, occupation] ____________________ _

Siblings: [ages, occupations] ___________________ _

MARITAL HISTORY: Spouse: [name, age, occupation] _________________ _

YearsMarried: _______________________ ___ Children: [names, ages, schools] _________________ _

Appendix C

Test Abbreviations

3MS 16PF

AC-BDAE ACT ACWP-MAE AIR AST AT-BDAE A-WAIS-R A-WRAT-R

Modified Mini-Mental State Examination Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire

Auditory Comprehension Auditory Consonant Trigrams Aural Comprehension of Words and Phrases Average Impairment Rating Aphasia Screening Test (HRNB) Apraxia Test (Supplementary) Arithmetic Arithmetic

BDAE Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination BD-WAIS-R Block Design BNT Boston Naming Test BVMGT Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test BVRT: A, B, D, E Benton Visual Retention Test BVRT: C Benton Visual Retention Test: Copy BVRT: G Benton Visual Retention Test: Multiple Choice-Memory

CI-LNNB C2-LNNB C3-LNNB C4-LNNB C5-LNNB C6-LNNB C7-LNNB C8-LNNB C9-LNNB CI0-LNNB CII-LNNB C12-LNNB CCSE COWAT-MAE

Motor Functions Rhythm Tactile Functions Visual Functions Receptive Speech Expressive Speech Writing Reading Arithmetic Memory Intellectual Processes Intermediate Memory-Form II Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination Controlled Oral Word Association Test

371

372

CPT CT CVLT C-WAIS-R

DCT DNMS DRS DS-WAIS-R DS-WMS-R DSym-WAIS-R

EDSS

F-BDAE FL FM-WMS-R FR FIT

GCS GDS GNGT GOAT GP GS

HII HRNB HT HVOT

ICDT I-WAIS-R I-WMS-R

JLO

LBT LCT LDE LM-WMS-R LNNB

MAE MAS MC-WMS-R

Continuous Performance Test Halstead Category Test (HRNB) California Verbal Learning Test Comprehension

Dot Counting Test Denman Neuropsychology Memory Scale Dementia Rating Scale Digit Span Digit Span Digit Symbol

Expanded Disability Status Scale

Fluency Finger Localization Figural Memory Facial Recognition Finger Tapping Test (HRNB)

Glasgow Coma Scale Gordon Diagnostic Systems Go-NoGo Tasks Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test Grooved Pegboard Test Grip Strength (HRNB)

Halstead Impairment Index Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery Hand Test Hooper Visual Organization Test

Incompatible Conditional Discrimination Tasks Information Information

Judgment of Line Orientation

Line Bisection Test Letter Cancellation Test Lateral Dominance Examination (HRNB) Logical Memory Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery

Multilingual Aphasia Examination Memory Assessment Scales Mental Control

APPENDIX C

TEST AND INDEX ABBREVIATIONS

MF MFI MI MMPI MMPI-2 MMSE MST MTDDA

NAART NART N-BDAE NCCEA NCSE

OA-WAIS-R OBD-168 OFT OR-BDAE O-WMS-R

PASAT PA-WAIS-R PC-WAIS-R PD PMT POT PPT PPVT-R PR

R RA-MAE RAVLT R-BDAE RC-BDAE RCWP-MAE RFFT RKSPE RLASCL RLO RMT ROCFT: C ROCFT: M RPFW-MAE RPM R-WRAT-R

Memory for Faces Memorization of Fifteen Items Motor Impersistence Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Mini-Mental State Examination Motor Sequencing Tasks Minnesota Test for Differential Diagnosis of Aphasia

North American Adult Reading Test National Adult Reading Test (British) Naming Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination

Object Assembly Organic Brain Disorder-168 Overlapping Figures Test Oral Reading Orientation

Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test Picture Arrangement Picture Completion Phoneme Discrimination Porteus Maze Test Personal Orientation Test Purdue Pegboard Test Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised Pantomime Recognition

Rorschach Rating of Articulation Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test Repetition Reading Comprehension Reading Comprehension of Words and Phrases Ruff Figural Fluency Test Reitan-Klove Sensory-Perceptual Examination (HRNB) Rancho Los Amigos Scale of Cognitive Levels Right-Left Orientation Randt Memory Test Rey -Osterrieth Complex Figure Test: Copy Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test: Memory Rating of Praxic Features of Writing Raven's Progressive Matrices Reading

373

374

SBIS: FE SCWT SDL SDMT S-LNNB SNST SPMSQ SR SR-MAE SRT SSPT SSS STAI STB-MAE SVT S-WAIS-R S-WRAT-R

TAT TDBC TFR TMTA TMTB TOT TPT TT-MAE TTT TVN TWFf

VFDT VMS-WMS-R VN-MAE VPA-WMS-R VP-WMS-R VR-WMS-R VSAT V-WAIS-R

WAB WAIS-R W-BDAE WCST WISC-R WMS WMS-R WPSI WRAT-R

Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale: Fourth Edition Stroop Color Word Test Serial Digit Learning Symbol Digit Modalities Test Spelling Stroop Neuropsychological Screening Test Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire Seashore Rhythm Test (HRNB) Sentence Repetition Selective Reminding Test Speech Sounds Perception Test (HRNB) Subtracting Serial 7' s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Spelling Test Battery Symptom Validity Test Similarities Spelling

Thematic Apperception Test Three-Dimensional Block Construction Tactile Form Recognition (HRNB) Trail Making Test A (HRNB) Trail Making Test B (HRNB) Temporal Orientation Test Tactual Performance Test (HRNB) Token Test Tinkertoy Test Test of Visual Neglect Thurstone Word Fluency Test

Visual Form Discrimination Test Visual Memory Span Visual Naming Visual Paired Associates Verbal Paired Associates Visual Reproduction Visual Search and Attention Test Vocabulary

Western Aphasia Battery Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Writing Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Wechsler Memory Scale Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Washington Psychosocial Seizure Inventory Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised

APPENDIX C

Test Sources

American Guidance Service 4201 Woodland Road PO Box 99 Circle Pines, MN 55014-1796

Jastak Associates PO Box 3410 Wilmington, DE 19804-0250

Lafayette Instrument PO Box 5729 3700 Sagamore Parkway North Lafayette, IN 47903

Lea & Febiger 600 South Washington Square Philadelphia, PA 19106-4198

National Computer Systems Professional Assessment Services PO Box 1416 Minneapolis, MN 55440

University of Victoria Neuropsychology Laboratory

P.O. Box 1700 Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P4 Canada

Appendix D

Oxford University Press 200 Madison A venue New York, NY 10016

Psychological Assessment Resources PO Box 998 Odessa, FL 33556

The Psychological Corporation PO Box 839954 San Antonio, TX 78283-3954

Reitan Neuropsychology Laboratory 2920 South 4th A venue South Tucson, AZ 85713

Western Psychological Services 12031 Wilshire Boulevard Los Angeles, CA 90025

375

Index

Abbreviations, test, 371-375 Academic functioning, 184 Acalculia, 117

agraphic, 117 primary, 117 spatial, 117

Acoustic neuroma, 305 etiology and pathology of, 307 incidence of, 306 medical assessment of, 309-3\0 medical treatment of, 312

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: see AIDS Activities of daily living, 178 Adenoma, pituitary: see Pituitary adenoma Adolescent Psychosocial Seizure Inventory, 255 Aggression, 200-201

disinhibited, 200-201 Aging, 26-29

attention in, 27 brain changes in, 26, cognitive changes in, 27, 29 executive functioning in, 28 head injury and, 220 impairment indexes for, 27 memory in, 28 motor function in, 28 personality traits and, 28 sensory function in, 28 speech and language in, 28 visuospatial functioning in, 28 See also Geriatric patients

Aging and Mental Health, 28 Agitation, 200 Agnosia, visual, 121 Agraphia, 87 AIDS, 293, 300

attention in, 298 executive functioning in, 299 intellectual functioning in, 298 memory in, 298

AIDS (cont.) mental status in, 298 motor functioning in, 298 neuropsychological assessment of, 297 - 299 neuropsychological impairment in, 295 personality in, 299 prognosis for, 300 psychosocial therapies for, 300 speech and language in, 298 visuospatial functioning in, 298

AIDS dementia complex, 293-294, 295 etiology and pathology of, 295 medical assessment of, 296

AIDS-related complex, 293, 297 Ainitia, 201 Alcohol, 328-334 Alcohol intoxication

etiology and pathology of, 328 medical assessment of, 329 medical treatment for, 332

Alcohol use, head injury and, 221 Alcohol withdrawal, 329, 332 Alcoholic dementia, 330, 332 Alcoholic Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

etiology and pathology of, 328 medical assessment of, 329 medical treatment for, 332 memory in, 331 personality in, 331 prognosis for, 334 psychosocial therapies in, 333

Alcoholics Anonymous, 333 Alcoholism

attention in, 330

377

behavior modification in, 333 cognitive rehabilitation in, 333 etiology and pathology of, 329 executive functioning in, 331 family therapy in, 333 gender and, 328

378

Alcoholism (cont.) genetics and, 328 group therapy in, 333 hyperactivity and, 328 intellectual functioning in, 330 medical assessment of, 329 medical treatment for, 332 memory in, 330 motor functioning in, 331 neuropsychological assessment in, 330-331 personality and, 331 prognosis for, 333-334 psychosocial therapies in, 332-333 sensory functioning in, 331 speech and language in, 330 visuospatial functioning in, 331

Alertness, 200 Alexia, 87 Aluminum, acute physiological and psychological

effects of, 336 Alzheimer's, 266 Alzheimer's, Strokes, and 29 Other Neurological

Disorders Sourcebook, 266 Alzheimer's Disease, 266 Alzheimer's disease, 242, 261-267

age and, 261 attention in, 263 behavior rating scales for, 263 etiology and pathology of, 261-262 executive functioning in, 265 family history in, significance of, 261 gender and, 261 incidence of, 261 intellectual functioning and, 264 medical assessment of, 262-263 memory in, 264 mental status in, assessment of, 263 motor functioning in, 265 neuropsychological assessment of, 263 - 266 olfactory deficits in, 265 personality and, 265-266 prognosis for, 267 psychosocial therapies for, 266 speech and language in, 264 visuospatial functioning in, 264

Amerind sign language, 208 Amotivation, test performance and, 35 Amy tal testing, 252-253 Anaplastic astrocytoma, 304 Anarithmetria, 117 Aneurysm, cerebral: see Cerebral aneurysm Angiography, 44 Anomia, 87 Anoxia-hypoxia, 316-324

anemic, 316 anoxic,316 hypoglycemic, 316

Anoxia-hypoxia (cont.) ischemic, 316 overutilization, 316 stagnant, 316 subtypes of, 316

INDEX

Anterior cerebral artery occlusion, 239 Antidepressants, physiological and psychological

effects of, 336 Anxiety

assessment of, 35 Finger Tapping Test and, 35 Tactual Performance Test and, 35 test performance and, 35

Aphasia, 87-90 anomic, 88-89 Broca's, 87-88 conduction, 88 differential diagnosis of, 113 global,90 mixed transcortical, 89-90 therapies for, 207-208 transcortical motor, 89 transcortical sensory, 89 Wernicke's, 88

Apraxia Test, 102 Arithmetic, 117-119

Arithmetic Scale, 119 Arithmetic skills

in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 321 in epilepsy, 254

in head injury, 225 in Huntington's disease, 287 in multiple sclerosis, 281 in progressive supranuclear palsy, 291 in schizophrenia, 348

Arousal,6, 200 Arteriovenous malformation, 237

etiology and pathology of, 240 incidence of, 238 medical assessment of, 241 medical management of, 244 neuropsychological evaluation of, 243 prognosis for, 245

Articulation, rating of, 103 Astrocytoma, 304

anaplastic, 304 etiology and pathology of, 307 incidence of, 306

medical assessment of, 309 medical treatment of, 312 prognosis for, 313 risk factors for, 305

Astroglial neoplasm, 304 Attention, 6, 27

in AIDS, 298 in alcoholism, 330

INDEX

Attention (cant.) in Alzheimer's disease, 263 assessment of, 57-64 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 321 cognitive rehabilitation and, 204-205 defined, 57 in depression, 357 in epilepsy, 253 in head injury, 224, 227 in Huntington's disease, 286 improving, 205 in multiple sclerosis, 280 in nocturnal hypoxia, 322 in Parkinson's disease, 272 in progressive supranuclear palsy, 291 in schizophrenia, 348 sustained, 57

Attention Process Training, 205 Auditory comprehension, 87, 94-95 Auditory Consonant Trigrams, 70 Aural Comprehension of Words and Phrases, 96 Average Impairment Rating, 8, 27 - 28

in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 320 Awareness, 200

Barthel Index, 241 Beck Depression Inventory, 274 Behavior, disinhibited and socially inappropriate,

201 Behavior modification, 29, 196-202

in alcoholism, 333 in depression, 359 differential reinforcement of incompatible

behavior in, 198-199 environmental modification and, 199 in head injury, 229 procedures to increase or maintain behavior in,

198 procedures to initiate new behavior in, 197 procedures to reduce or eliminate behavior in,

198 stress inoculation and, 200 token economies and, 199-200

Behavior therapy: see Behavior modification Behavioral assessment, 196-197 Behavioral observations, 49 Behavioral problems, in neuropsychiatric disorders,

200-202 Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test, 123-124 Benton Visual Retention Test, 27, 74-75, 121-122 Benzodiazepines, physiological and psychological

effects of, 337 Biofeedback,214 Biofeedback, 214 Block Construction, three-dimensional, 126 Block Design, 18, 124-125 Body-Part Identification, 95

379

Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, 19, 112, 242

Apraxia Test of, 102 Auditory Comprehension subtest of, 94-95 Body-Part Identification subtest of, 95 Commands subtest of, 95 Complex Ideational Material subtest of, 95 Comprehension of Oral Spelling subtest of, 99 fluency subtest of, 103 Naming subtest of, 105-106 Oral Reading subtest of, 98-99 Reading Comprehension subtest of, 99 Repetition subtests of, 103 Symbol and Word Discrimination subtest of, 99 Word Discrimination subtest of, 95 Word Recognition subtest of, 99 Words Picture Matching subtest of, 99-100 Writing subtests of, 108-109

Boston Naming Test, 28, 105, 241 Boston Process Approach, 5 Brain damage, assessment of, W AIS in, 5 Brain dysfunction, motor impairments and, 17 Brain electrical activity mapping, 44 Brain Injury Glossary, 230 Brain tumors, 304-314

behavior rating scales for, 311 classification of, 304 cognitive functioning in, 311 detection of, brain stem auditory evoked response

in, 310 etiology and pathology of, 306-307 incidence of, 305 medical assessment of, 308 medical treatment of, 311-312 neuropsychological evaluation and, 310-311 personality and, 311 See also specific brain tumors, e.g., Astrocytoma,

Glioma, etc. Brainstem auditory evoked response, 43

in detection of brain tumors, 310 Broca's aphasia, 87-88 Bypass surgery: see Cardiopulmonary bypass

surgery

Calculation, impaired: see Acalculia California Verbal Learning Test, 69-70, 242 Carbamazepine, physiological and psychological

effects of, 337 Carbon disulfide, physiological and psychological

effects of, 337 Carbon monoxide, physiological and psychological

effects of, 338 Cardiopulmonary arrest, 316

etiology and pathology of, 318 gender and, 317 incidence of, 317 medical treatment for, 323

380

Cardiopulmonary arrest (cont.) neuropsychological assessment of, 318 prognosis for, 324 psychosocial therapies in, 323 risk factors for, 317

Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, 316 etiology and pathology of, 318 neuropsychological assessment following,

319-320 psychosocial therapies in, 323 - 324

Carotid artery occlusion, 240 Catastrophic reaction, 242 Cerebral aneurysm, 237

etiology and pathology of, 239 incidence and risk factors for, 237-238 medical assessment of, 241 medical management of, 244 prognosis for, 244-245

Cerebral metastases, 305 etiology and pathology of, 308 incidence of, 306 medical assessment of, 310 medical treatment of, 313 prognosis for, 314

Cerebrovascular accident: see Stroke Chorea: see Huntington's disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 317

arithmetic skills in, 321 attention in, 321 executive functioning in, 321 gender and, 317 impairment indexes for, 320 medical assessment of, 318 medical treatment for, 323 memory in, 321 motor functioning in, 321 neuropsychological assessment in, 320 personality in, 321-322 prevalence of, 317 prognosis for, 324 psychosocial therapies in, 324 risk factors for, 317 sensory functioning in, 321 speech and language in, 321 visuospatial functioning in, 321

Chronic Pain, 215 Civil competency, 187-188 Cognitive Behavior Rating scales, 48 Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination, 51 Cognitive Competency Test, 180 Cognitive functioning

assessment of, 6 basic areas of, 612 in brain tumors, 311 in stroke, 242

Cognitive productivity, 158-161

Cognitive rehabilitation, 203-209 in alcoholism, 333 attention and, 204-205 behavioral compensation in, 204 communication and, 205-207 in depression, 360 following stroke, 244 in head injury, 229-230 issues and guidelines in, 204 memory and, 205 - 207 in multiple sclerosis, 282 orientation in, 204-205 prosthetic compensation in, 204 retraining in, 203 - 204 in schizophrenia, 350

INDEX

Cognitive therapy: see Cognitive rehabilitation Commands, 95 Common Questions on Schizophrenia and Their

Answers, 351 Communication, improving, 205-207 Communicative Abilities in Daily Living, III Complex Ideational Material, 95 Comprehension

auditory, 87 verbal, 7, 83, 93

Computed tomography, 42 Construction, 124-126 Constructional Dyspraxia, 254 Constructional praxis, 121 Continuous Performance Test, 18, 63 Controlled Oral Word Association Test, 158, 242 Conversion disorder, 164 Coping With Schizophrenia, 351 Copper, physiological and psychological effects of,

338 Copying, 121-124 Coronary Bypass Surgery, 324 Cued recall, 66

Deficit determination, 174-176 competence comparison standards for, 176 individual comparison standards for, 174-176 normative comparison standards for, 174

Dementia Rating Scale, 26-27 Denman Neuropsychology Memory Scale, 79 Depression, 355-360

age and, 356 attention in, 357 behavior modification in, 359 cognitive rehabilitation in, 360 dysthymia vs, 355 etiology and pathology of, 356 executive functioning in, 358 gender and, 356 genetics and, 356 life stress and, 356

INDEX

Depression (cont.) marital status and, 356 medical assessment of, 356-357 medical treatment for, 359 memory in, 357-358 motor functioning in, 358 multi-infarct, 244 in Parkinson's disease, 274 personality in, 359 poststroke, 243

medical management of, 244 prevalence of, 355 prognosis for, 360 sensory functioning in, 358 visuospatial functioning in, 358

Deterioration quotient, 175 Digit Span, 19,57-59 Digit Symbol, 19, 61-62 Disability, 189-191

Social Security, 189-190 Workers' Compensation, 190-191

Dodrill's Neuropsychological Battery for Epilepsy, 255-256

Dot Counting Test, 166 Dri ving fitness, 182 -183 Dysthymia, depression vs, 355

Education, neuropsychological evaluation and, 31 Electromyography, 35 Employment records, 46 Environmental modification, 199 Ependymoma, 305

etiology and pathology of, 307 incidence of, 306 medical assessment of, 309 medical treatment of, 312 prognosis for, 313

Epilepsy, 248 age and, 250 amy tal testing in, 252-253 arithmetic in, 254 attention in, 253 etiology and pathology of, 251 executive functioning in, 254 gender and, 250 general indices of impairment in, 254 genetics of, 250 incidence of, 249 intellectual functioning in, 253 language in, 254 Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery in,

255 medical assessment of, 251 medical management of, 256 memory in, 253 motor functioning in, 254

Epilepsy (cont.) neuropsychological evaluation in, 252-255 personality and, 255 prevalence of, 249 prognosis for, 257 - 258 reflex, 249 sensory functioning in, 254 speech in, 254 visuospatial functioning in, 254

Epilepsy Explained, 257

381

Ethnicity, neuropsychological evaluation and, 32-33 Ethylene oxide, physiological and psychological

effects of, 339 Evoked responses, 43 Executive functioning, 6, 151-161

in aging, 28 in AIDS, 299 in alcoholism, 331 in Alzheimer's disease, 265 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 321 cognitive productivity in, 158-161 in depression, 358 in epilepsy, 254 in head injury, 225, 228 in Huntington's disease, 287 impulse control in, 156-158 maintaining cognitive set in, 154-156 in multiple sclerosis, 281 in nocturnal hypoxia, 323 in Parkinson's disease, 274 in progressive supranuclear palsy, 292 in schizophrenia, 349 shifting cognitive set in, 151-154 training in, 209

Expanded Disability Status Scale, 280 Expressive Speech Scale, 104-105

Facial Recognition Test, 127 -128 Factitious disorders, 164 Family therapy, 214-215

in alcoholism, 333 in schizophrenia, 350-351

Fatigue, test performance and, 36 Figural fluency, 159-160 Figural Memory, 73 Finger Localization, 140 Finger Tapping Test, 7, 144-145

anxiety and, 35 handedness in, significance of, 23 peripheral motor impairment and, 18

Fingertip Number Writing, 242 Foundations of Environmental and Occupational

Neurotoxicology, 336 Free recall, 66 Fuld Object-Memory Evaluation, 26 Functional Communication Therapy, 208

382

Galvanic skin response, 35 Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test, 55 Gender, neuropsychological evaluation and, 32 Geriatric patients

behavior therapy, 29 Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery for,

27 Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery for,

27 neuropsychological assessment of, 26-27 psychotherapy for, 29 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised for, 27 See also Aging

Gestural communication, 110-111 Glioblastoma multiforme, 304

etiology and pathology of, 307 incidence of, 305 medical assessment of, 308-309 medical treatment of, 312 prognosis for, 313

Glioma, 305 Global Deterioration Scale, 263 Go-NoGo Tasks, 156-157 Grip Strength Test, 7, 145

handedness in, significance of, 23 peripheral motor impairments and, 18

Grooved Pegboard Test, 146 handedness in, significance of, 23 peripheral motor impairments and, 18

Group therapy, 215 in alcoholism, 333 in Parkinson's disease, 275

Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. 191

Hachinsky Ischemic Score, 242 Halstead Category Test, 7, 153-154 Halstead Finger Tapping Test: see Finger Tapping

Test Halstead Impairment Index, 8, 27

in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 320 in head injury, 226 in schizophrenia, 347 Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery, 7-8 categories of, 7 education and, 31 gender and, 32 for geriatric patients, 27 procedures for interpretating, 7 - 8 tests in, 7

Hand preference, assessment of, 24 Handedness, 23-24

assessment of, 23 definition of, 23

Head injury aging and, 221 alcohol use and, 222

Head injury (cant.) arithmetic skills in, 226 attention in, 225, 228 behavior modification in, 230 closed, 221-232

incidence and risk factors in, 221-222 cogniti ve rehabilitation in, 229 etiology and pathology of, 223-224 executive functioning in, 226, 229 Halstead Impairment Index in, 226 incidence and risk factors for, 221-222 intellectual functioning in, 225 language impairment in, 225, 228 medical assessment of, 223-224 medical treatment of, 229 memory in, 225, 228 mild, 222, 223-224, 227, 231-232, 232 motor functioning in, 226, 229 neurological assessment of, 224-229 orientation in, 224, 228 personality in, 226-227, 229 prognosis in, 232 psychosocial therapies following, 229-231 sensory functioning in, 226, 228 severe, 223, 224-227, 229-231, 232 social understanding in, 225 speech impairment in, 226, 228 visuospatial functioning in, 226, 228

Head Injury-The Facts. 231 Hearing impaired, 20 HIV infection

etiology and pathology of, 295 incidence of, 294 medical assessment of, 295-296

INDEX

medical treatment for, 299-300 neuropsychological assessment of, 296-297 prevalence of, 294 risk factors for, 294

Hooper Visual Organization Test, 19, 128-129,242 Human immunodeficiency virus, 293-300; see also

AIDS; HIV infection Huntington's disease, 285-288

age and, 285 arithmetic skills in, 287 attention in, 286 behavior rating scales for, 286 etiology and pathology of, 285 executive functioning in, 287 intellectual functioning in, 286 Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery in,

287 medical assessment of, 285-286 memory in, 286 mental status in, 286 neuropsychological assessment of, 286-287 personality and, 287 prevalence of, 285

INDEX

Huntington's disease (cont.) prognosis for, 288 psychosocial therapies for, 287 speech and language in, 286 visuospatial functioning in, 287

Hypnosis, 214 Hypoxemia, high-altitude, 322 Hypoxia, nocturnal: see Nocturnal hypoxia

Impaired calculation: see Acalculia Impulse control, 156-158 Incompatible Conditional Discrimination Tasks, 156 Independent living, 178-180 Indifference reaction, 242 Infonnation and orientation questions, 55 Infonnation test, 82 - 83 Intellectual functioning

in AIDS, 298 in alcoholism, 330 Alzheimer's disease and, 264 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 321 in epilepsy, 253 in Huntington's disease, 286 multiple sclerosis and, 280 in nocturnal hypoxia, 322 Parkinson's disease and, 273 in progressive supranuclear palsy, 291

Intellectual Processes, 84-85 Interview, 48

Judgement of Line Orientation, 129, 242

Korsakoff's syndrome, 243

Lack of motivation, 201 Language functioning, 6

anomia in, 87 assessment of, 87-114 auditory comprehension in, 87 comprehension in, 93-98 in epilepsy, 254 gestural communication in, 11 0-111 naming in, 87,105-106 oral expression in, 103-105 oral reading in, 87 paraphasias in, 87 prosody in, 87 reading comprehension in, 87 repetition in, 87, 103-104 spelling in, 107 -108 in stroke, 243 verbal fluency in, 87 word fluency in, 87 writing in, 108-110

Lateral Dominance Examination, 7 Lead, physiological and psychological effects of,

339

Learning and memory functioning, 6 Left-handers vs right-handers, in spatial test

perfonnance, 23 Line Bisection Test, 132, 242 Line Orientation, Judgement of, 129,242

383

Lithium, physiological and psychological effects of, 339

Living skills, impaired, 201 Living Well with Epilepsy, 257 Logical Memory, 67 Lumbar puncture, 42-43 Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery, 10-11

in AIDS, 299 in alcoholism, 331 Arithmetic Scale of, 119 clinical scales of, 10 in depression, 358 education and, 31 elements of, 10 for epileptics, 255 Expressive Speech Scale of, 104-105 gender and, 32 for geriatric patients, 26 in Huntington's disease, 287 Intellectual Processes subtest of, 84-85 Memory Scale of, 66 Motor Scale of, 148-149,281 Reading Scale of, 101-102 Receptive Speech Scale of, 97 -98 reliability of, 11 Rhythm Scale of, 91 in schizophrenia, 349 sensory impainnents and, 21 Spelling Scale of, 108 Tactile Functions Scale of, 142 validity of, 11 Visual Functions subtest of, 134-135 Writing Scale of, 109-110

Luria's Neuropsychological Investigation, 10 Lymphadenopathy, persistent generalized: see

Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy

Magnetic resonance imaging, 43 Maintaining cognitive set, 154-156 Malingering, 164-167

defined, 164 detection of, 165 -167 diagnosis of, 164 symptoms of, 164-165

Maudsley Mentation Test, 243 Melodic Intonation Therapy, 207 Memorization of Fifteen Items, 166-167 Memory, 27

in AIDS, 298 in Alcoholic Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome, 331 in alcoholism, 330 in Alzheimer's disease, 264

384

Memory (cont.) assessment of, 66-79 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 321 declarative, 66 delayed, 66 in depression, 357-358 in epilepsy, 253 episodic, 66 in head injury, 224, 227 in Huntington's disease, 286 immediate, 66 long-term, 66 mnemonic strategies in retraining of, 205-206 in multiple sclerosis, 280 in nocturnal hypoxia, 322 in Parkinson's disease, 272-273 procedural, 66 in progressive supranuclear palsy, 291 remote, 66 retraining of, 205 in schizophrenia, 348 semantic, 66 sensory, 66 short-term, 66 verbal, assessment of, 66-71 visual, assessment of, 71-77

Memory Assessment Scales, 78 Memory Batteries of Tests, 77 - 79 Memory for Faces, 75-76 Memory prostheses, 206-207 Memory Scale, 66, 76-77 Memory span, 57-59 Meningioma

etiology and pathology of, 307 incidence of, 306 medical assessment of, 307 medical treatment of, 312 prognosis for, 313 risk factors for, 305

Mental Competence Scale, 179 Mental Control, 19,59 Mental Status Examination in Neurology, 51 Metastases, cerebral: see Cerebral metastases Middle cerebral artery occlusion, 239 Mini-Mental State Examination, 51-52, 263, 272,

280, 298 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory,

169-170 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2, 19 Minnesota Test for the Differential Diagnosis of

Aphasia, 113 Modified Mini-Mental State Examination, 51 Motivation, lack of, 201 Motor functioning, 7, 144-149

in aging, 7 in AIDS, 298 in alcoholism, 331

INDEX

Motor functioning (cont.)

in Alzheimer's disease, 265 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 321 in depression, 358 in epilepsy, 254 in head injury, 226, 227 in multiple sclerosis, 281 in nocturnal hypoxia, 323 in Parkinson's disease, 273 in schizophrenia, 349 in stroke, 242

Motor impairments, 18-20 brain dysfunction and, 18 Finger Tapping Test and, 18 Grooved Pegboard Test and, 18

Motor Impersistence, 147 Motor Scale, 148-149 Motor Sequencing Tasks, 147-148 Multi-infarct dementia, 237

clinical criteria for, 242 diagnosis of, 241 etiology of, 240 neuropsychological evaluation in, 243

Multilingual Aphasia Examination Aural Comprehension of Words and Phrases

subtest of, 96 Controlled Oral Word Association Test of, 158,

241 Rating of Articulation subtest of, 103 Rating of Praxic Features of Writing subtest of,

109 Reading Comprehension of Words and Phrases

subtest of, 100 Sentence Repetition subtest of, 103 -1 04 Spelling Test Battery of, 107-108 Token Test of, 96-97 Visual Naming subtest of, 106

Multilingual Aphasia Examination Battery, 113 Multiple sclerosis, 278-283

arithmetic skills in, 281 attention in, 280 behavior rating scales for, 280 cognitive impairment in, 279 cognitive rehabilitation in, 282 etiology and pathology of, 278 executive functioning in, 281 incidence of, 278 intellectual functioning in, 280 medical assessment of, 279 medical treatment for, 282 memory in, 280 mental status in, 280 motor functioning in, 281 neuropsychological assessment of, 279-282 personality and, 281 prognosis for, 283 psychosocial therapies for, 282-283

INDEX

Multiple sclerosis (cont.) sensory functioning in, 281 speech and language in, 280 visuospatial functioning in, 281

Myelography, 44

Naming, 87, 105-106 visual, 106

Neglect, 132 Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination, 52 Neuroleptics, physiological and psychological

effects of, 341 Neurological disorders

behavior modification for, 196-202; see also Behavior modification

biofeedback for, 214 cognitive rehabilitation for, 203-209; see also

Cognitive rehabilitation coma, stimulation in, 194-195 hypnosis for, 214 pain management in, 215 psychotherapy for, 213-216

Neurological examination, 42-43 Neuroma, acoustic: see Acoustic neuroma Neuropsychiatric disorders, behavioral problems in,

200-202 Neuropsychological Battery for Epilepsy, 255-256 Neuropsychological Deficit Scale, 8 Neuropsychological evaluation, 12-13

in alcoholism, 330-331 in Alzheimer's disease, 263-266 arteriovenous malformations and, 243 battery of tests for, 13 behavioral observations in, 50 brain tumors and, 310-3\1 of cardiopulmonary arrest, 318-319 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 320 driving fitness and, 182-183 education and, 31 in epilepsy, 252-255 ethnicity and, 32-33 following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery,

319-320 following stroke, 242-243 following subarachnoid hemorrhage, 243 gender and, 32 of geriatric patients, 26-27 handedness in, significance of, 23 in HIV infection, 296-299 in Huntington's disease, 286-287 initiation of, 12 interview in, 48 in multi-infarct dementia, 243 in multiple sclerosis, 279-282 in Parkinson's disease, 272-274 in progressive supranuclear palsy, 291-292 records review in, 41-46

Neuropsychological evaluation (cont.)

of schizophrenia, 346-349 strategies and instruments of, 39-40 See also Test performance

Neuropsychological History Questionnaire, 47 Neuropsychological interview form, 367 - 370 Neuropsychological Status Examination, 48 Neuropsychological Symptom Checklist, 48 Neuropsychological Toxicology, 336 Neuropsychological Assessment, 6 Neuropsychological report, 13-15

behavioral observations in, 14 diagnostic impression in, 15 identifying information in, 13 medical history in, 14 reason for referral in, 13 recommendations in, 15 social history in, 14 summary and interpretation in, 14 tests administered in, 14 tests results in, 14

385

Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia, 113-\14

Neurotoxicity Guidebook, 336 Neurotoxins in Clinical Practice, 336 Nocturnal hypoxia

attention in, 322 executive functioning in, 323 intellectual functioning in, 322 memory in, 322 motor functioning in, 323 speech and language in, 322 in visuospatial functioning, 323

North American Adult Reading Test, 100-101

Object Assembly, 125-126 Oligodendroglioma, 305

etiology and pathology of, 307 incidence of, 306 medical assessment of, 309 medical treatment of, 312 prognosis for, 313

Open Heart Surgery, 324 Oral expression, 103 -105

fluency in, 103 Oral reading, 87, 98-99 Oral Spelling, 99 Organophosphates, physiological and psychological

effects of, 341 Orientation, 54-56

in progressive supranuclear palsy, 291 in recovery from head injury, 225, 228

Orientation Remedial Module, 205

Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, 19, 36, 60 in head injury, 225

Pain management, 215

386

Pantomine Recognition, 11 0-111 Paraphasias, 87 Parkinson's disease, 271-275

age of onset for, 271 attention in, 272 behavior rating scales for, 272 depression in, 274 etiology and pathology of, 271-272 executive functioning in, 274 group therapy in, 275 incidence of, 271 intellectual functioning and, 273 medical assessment of, 272 medical treatment for, 274 memory in, 272-273 mental status in, assessment of, 272 motor functioning in, 265 neuropsychological assessment of, 272-274 personality and, 274 prevalence ratios for, 271 prognosis for, 275 psychosocial therapies for, 274-275 speech and language in, 273 visuospatial functioning in, 273

Pattern recognition, 121 Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised, 94 Performance classifications and statistics, 363 - 366 Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, 293, 297 Personality, 169-171

aging and, 28 in AIDS, 299 in Alcoholic Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome, 331 alcoholism and, 331 Alzheimer's disease and, 265-266 brain tumors and, 311 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,

321-322 in depression, 359 epilepsy and, 255 head injury and, 226-227, 229 Huntington's disease and, 287 multiple sclerosis and, 281 Parkinson's disease and, 274 in schizophrenia, 349

Phenytoin, physiological and psychological effects of,341-342

Phoneme Discrimination, 92-93 Physician's examination, 40-44 Picture Arrangement, 83-84 Picture Completion, 19, 20, 126-127 Pituitary adenoma, 305

etiology and pathology of, 307 incidence of, 306 medical assessment of, 310 medical treatment of, 312

Police and ambulance records, 46

Porch Index of Communicative Ability, 111 Porteus Maze Test, 157-158 Positron emission tomography, 44 Posner Letter Matching Task, 297 Posterior cerebral artery occlusion, 240 Posttraumatic stress disorder, 215-216 Praxis, 102

constructional, 121 Principles of Neurology, 144 Programmed-Operant Therapy, 207 Progressive supranuclear palsy, 290-292

age of onset for, 290 arithmetic skills in, 291 attention in, 291 etiology and pathology of, 290 executive functioning in, 292 intellectual functioning in, 291 medical assessment of, 291 medical treatment for, 292 memory in, 291

INDEX

neuropsychological assessment of, 291-292 orientation in, 291 prevalence of, 290 prognosis for, 292 speech and language in, 291 visuospatial functioning in, 291

Prosody, 87 Prosopagnosia, 121 Psychosocial therapies, 194-216

for AIDS, 300 in Alcoholic Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome, 333 in alcoholism, 332-333 for Alzheimer's disease, 266 for brain tumors, 313 in cardiopUlmonary arrest, 323 in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, 323-324 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 324 coma stimulation in, 194-195 for depression, 359-360 for epilepsy, 256-257 following head injury, 229-231 following stroke, 244-245 for Huntington's disease, 287 for multiple sclerosis, 282 - 283 for Parkinson's disease, 274-275 for schizophrenia, 350-351 See also specific therapies, e.g., Behavior

modification, Cognitive rehabilitation, etc. Psychotherapy, 28, 213-216

family, 214-215, 230-231, 282 group, 215, 230, 231-232, 282-283 individual, 213-214, 230, 231, 282 See also Psychosocial therapies

Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive: see Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Purdue Pegboard Test, 146-147

INDEX

Rancho Los Amigos Scale of Cognitive Levels, 224 Randt Memory Test, 78 Raven's Progressive Matrices, 19, 129-130 Reading, 20, 98-102

oral,98-99 Reading comprehension, 87, 99 Reading Comprehension of Words and Phrases, 100 Reading Scale, 101-102 Reality orientation programs, 204-205 Reasoning, 126-132 Reasoning and problem-solving abilities, 6 Recall

cued,66 free, 66

Receptive Speech Scale, 97-98 Recognition, 66 Records review, 41-46

employment records in, 46 nursing evaluation in, 44-45 occupational therapy evaluation in, 45 physical therapy evaluation in, 45 physician's examination in, 41-44 police and ambulance records in, 46 school records in, 46 social work evaluation in, 45 speech therapy evaluation in, 45 therapeutic recreation evaluation in, 45 -46

Referral questions, 12 Reitan-Indiana Aphasia Examination, 7; see also

Aphasia Screening Test Reitan-Indiana Aphasia Screening Test, 111-112 Reitan-Klove Sensory-Perceptual Examination, 7,

20,138-139 Repetition, in language functioning, 87 Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test, 6, 68, 242 Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, 6, 73-74,

122-123, 242 Rhythm, perception of, assessment of, 90-91 Rhythm Scale, 91 Right-handers vs left-handers

in spatial test performance, 23 Right-Left Orientation, 131-132 Rorschach Test, 170-171 Ruff Figural Fluency Test, 159-160

Schizophrenia, 345-351 active phase of, 345 arithmetic skills in, 348 attention in, 348 etiology and pathology of, 346 executive functioning in, 349 family therapy in, 350-351 gender and, 345 general knowledge and social understanding in,

348 genetics and, 346

Schizophrenia (cont.) impairment ratings in, 347 incidence of, 345 medical assessment of, 346 medical treatment for, 349-350 motor functioning in, 349 neuropsychological assessment of, 346-349 patient references for, 351 personality in, 349 prevalence of, 345 prodromal phase of, 345 prognosis for, 351 psychosocial therapies for, 350-351 residual phase of, 345 sensory functioning in, 348 socioeconomic status and, 346 visuospatial functioning in, 348

Schizophrenia Bulletin. 351 School records. 46 Seashore Rhythm Test, 7. 90 Seizures

absence. 248-249, 250, 251. 257. 258 complex. 248 complex partial. 249 defined. 248 generalized. 248 grand mal: see Seizures, tonic-clonic idiopathic, 248 partial. 248. 250

387

petit mal: see Seizures, absence pseudoepileptic. 249. 250. 251-252. 255-256.

258 simple. 248 simple partial. 249 symptomatic. 248 tonic-clonic. 248. 250 See also Epilepsy

Selective Reminding Test. 69 Self-care. 178-180 Self-Care Scale. 179 Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. 35 Sensory functioning

in aging. 28 in alcoholism. 331 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 321 in depression. 358 in epilepsy. 254 evaluation of. 7 in head injury, 226. 229 in multiple sclerosis. 281 in schizophrenia. 348 in stroke. 242

Sensory impairments. 20-21 Serial arithmetic, 59-61 Serial Digit Learning. 70-71 Shifting cognitive set. 151 -154

388

Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, 50 Similarities, 93 - 94 Single photon emission computed tomography, 44 Sleep disorders, neuropsychological aspects of, 36 Social Security, 189-190 Solvents, physiological and psychological effects of,

342 Somatosensory evoked potential, 43 Spatial perception, 126-132 Spatial span, 58 - 59 Speech

assessment of, 87 -114 in epilepsy, 254 See also Language functioning

Speech/Language Batteries, 111-114 Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, 112 Communicative Abilities in Daily Living, 111 Minnesota Test for the Differential Diagnosis of

Aphasia, 113 Multilingual Aphasia Examination, 113 Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination

for Aphasia, 113-114 Porch Index of Communicative Ability, 111 Reitan-Indiana Aphasia Screening Test, 111-112 Western Aphasia Battery, 113

Speech/Language prostheses, 208 Speech perception, assessment of, 91-93 Speech Sounds Perception Test, 7, 91-92 Spelling, 107 -108 Spelling Scale, 108 Stanford Sleepiness Scale, 36 State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, 35 Status epilepticus, 248 Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome: see

Progressive supranuclear palsy Stimulation-Facilitation Therapy, 207 Stress inoculation, 200 Stroke, 237-245 Stroke, 244 Stroke

anterior cerebral artery occlusion in, 240 carotid artery occlusion in, 240 catastrophic reaction following, 242 cognitive rehabilitation following, 244 dysthymic disorder as a result of, 243 etiology and pathology of, 239 functional outcome measure for, 242 incidence of, 237-238 indifference reaction following, 243 language functioning in, 243 major depression following, 243 middle cerebral artery occlusion in, 240 mortality rates for, 237 neurological deficit in, 240 neuropsychological assessment of, 242-243 posterior cerebral artery occlusion in, 240 prognosis for ischemic, 245

INDEX

Stroke (cont.) psychosocial therapies following, 243 - 244 risk factors for, 238 sensory functioning in, 242 vertebrobasilar artery occlusion in, 240 visuoconstructional functioning in, 242 visuospatial functioning in, 242

Stroop Color and Word Test, 155 Stroop Color-Word Test, 154-156 Subarachnoid hemorrhage, 237

medical assessment of, 241 monitoring mental status after aneurysmal, 243 neuropsychological evaluation following, 243 prognosis for, 245

Subtracting Serial 7s, 6, 19, 60-61 Supranuclear palsy, progressive: see Progressive

supranuclear palsy Surviving Schizophrenia, 351 Symbol and Word Discrimination, 99 Symbol Digit Modalities Test, 6, 19, 62 Symptom Validity Test, 165-166

Tactile Finger Recognition, 243 Tactile Form Perception, 139-140 Tactile Form Recognition Test, 7, 139 Tactile functioning, 138-142 Tactile Functions Scale of, 142 Tactual Performance Test, 7, 141

anxiety and, 35 handedness in, significance of, 22 peripheral motor impairments and, 17

Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, 35 Temporal Orientation Test, 54-55 Test abbreviations, 371-375 Test of Visual Neglect, 132-133 Test performance

amotivation and, 35 anxiety and, 35 factors that influence, 17 fatigue and, 36 motor impairments and, 18-20 sleepiness and, 36

Test sources, 376 The Caring Family, 351 The Medical Letter, 336 The Road Ahead, 243 Therapeutic recreation evaluation, 45 Three-dimensional Block Construction, 126 Thurstone Visual Matching Test, 36 Thurstone Word Fluency Test, 158-159 TinkerToy Test, 160-161 Token economy, 199-200 Token Test, 96-97 Trail Making Tests, 6, 7, 133-134, 151-152 Trichloroethylene, physiological and psychological

effects of, 342-343

INDEX

Ultrasound, 44 Understanding and Helping the Schizophrenic,

351

Vascular dementia, 237 definite, 242 possible, 241 prevalence ratio of, 239 probable, 242

Verbal concept formation, 93 Verbal fluency, 87 Verbal functioning, assessment of, 7, 93 Verbal Paired Associates, 67-68 Vertebrobasilar artery occlusion, 240 Vigilance, 57 Visual Action Therapy, 207 Visual agnosia, 121 Visual evoked response, 43 Visual Form Discrimination Test, 130-131,

242 Visual Functions, 134-135 Visual Memory Span, 19,58 Visual Naming, 106 Visual Neglect, Test of, 132-133 Visual object perception, 121 Visual Paired Associates, 72-73 Visual Reproduction, 17, 71-72 Visual Search and Attention Test, 18, 63-64 Visual-Spatial functioning: see Visuospatial

functioning Visual synthesis, 121 Visuoconstructional functioning, 121

in stroke, 242 Visuospatial functioning, 6, 121-135

in aging, 28 in AIDS, 298 in alcoholism, 331 in Alzheimer's disease, 264 assessment of, 7 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 321 construction in, 124-126 copying in, 121-124 in depression, 358 in epilepsy, 254 in head injury, 226, 228 in Huntington's disease, 287 in multiple sclerosis, 281 neglect in, 132 in nocturnal hypoxia, 323 in Parkinson's disease, 273 in progressive supranuclear palsy, 291 in schizophrenia, 348 spatial perception and reasoning in, 126-132 in stroke, 241 training in, 208-209

Vocabulary, 93 Vocational functioning, 184-185

WAIS: see Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale WAIS-R: see Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Scale-Revised

389

WAIS-R-NI: see Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, modified version

Washington Psychosocial Seizure Inventory, 255 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

in assessment of brain damage, 5 deterioration quotient of, 175 education and, 31 revised, 5, 6

Arithmetic subtest of, 118-119 in assessment of brain damage, 5 Block Design subtest of, 17, 124-125 Comprehension subtest of, 83 Digit Span subtest of, 19 Digital Symbol subtest of, 19 education and, 31 gender and, 32 for geriatric patients, 27 Information subtest of, 82-83 Object Assembly subtest of, 125-126 Picture Arrangement subtest of, 83-84 Picture Completion subtest of, 19, 20 Similarities subtest of, 93-94 sleep disorders and, 36 in stroke, 242 Vocabulary subtest of, 93

Revised, modified version of, 5 verbal subtests of, 7

Wechsler Memory Scale elements of, 78 Revised, 242

Logical Memory subtest of, 67 Memory Control subtest of, 19 subtests of, 77 Verbal Paired Associates subtest of, 67 -68 Visual Memory Span subtest of, 19 Visual Reproduction subtest of, 18

Wernicke's aphasia, 88 Western Aphasia Battery, 113 What Every Family Should Know About Strokes,

244 When Someone You Know Has AIDS, 300 Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised

Arithmetic subtest of, 117 -118 Reading subtest of, 20, 98 Spelling subtest of, 107

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, 6, 19, 152-153 Word Discrimination, 95 Word fluency, 87, 158-159 Word Recognition, 99 Words Picture Matching, 99-100 Worker's Compensation, 190-191 Writing, 108-110

assessment of, 108-109 Prime-Level Dictation in, 109

390

Writing (cont.) assessment of (cont.)

Sentences to Dictation in, 109 Written Confrontation Naming in, 109

mechanics of, 108

Writing (cont.) narrative, 109 praxic features of, rating of, 109

Writing Scale, 109-110

Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, 299

INDEX

About the Author

Robert M. Anderson, Jr., holds a Ph.D. in clinical psychology from the University of Hawaii, and a Ph.D. in the philosophy of science from the University of Minnesota. He has completed a postdoctoral fellowships in experimental neuropsychology in Karl Pribram's laboratory at Stanford University and in clinical neuropsychology at the University of Rochester Medical Center, and has been a summer fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. He has worked as a neuropsychologist at Forsyth Memorial Hospital in Winston­Salem and the Rehabilitation Hospital of the Pacific in Honolulu. He is currently in private practice in Honolulu and on the Core Faculty of Forest Institute of Professional Psychology, Hawaii Campus, where he is Coordinator of the Neuropsychology Track.

391