@apgopohhs good morning, vikes! c11 review: the legislative branch
TRANSCRIPT
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@APGOPOHHS@APGOPOHHS
Good Morning,
Vikes!
C11 Review: C11 Review: The The
Legislative Legislative BranchBranch
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The Great Compromise
• Philadelphia, 1787
• Bicameral legislature
• House- proportionate representation
• Senate- equal representation
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Elections, Terms. Qualifications
• HOUSE– 2 year term– 435– All– 25– 7– Resident– Formal rules– Direct election
• SENATE– 6 year term– 100– 1/3– 30– 9– Resident– Informal rules– State legislatures– 17th Amendment
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Trend Toward Decentralization
•Rise of individual member
•More committees and subcommittees
•Secret ballot
•Gridlock
•U.S. Term Limits v. Thorton (1995)
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Duties of the Congress
•Make Laws
•Service to Constituents (casework)
•Investigate
•Legislative Oversight
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Congressional Support Staff
•Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
•Government Accountability Office (GAO)
•Congressional Research Service (CRS)
•Library of Congress (LOC)
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People Hate the Congress, but like their own
Congressman
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The House of Representatives
•Speaker of the House
•Decentralization
•Revenue Bills
•Rules Committee
•Ways and Means (revenue)
•Appropriations (expenditures)
•Appropriations
•Germane Debate
•Committee of the Whole
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House Rules Committee
• Closed rules
• Open rules
• Restrictive rules
*Germane Debate and strict rules!
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The United States Senate
•Less formal
•Non-germane debate
•Filibuster
•Cloture (60)
•Riders
•Christmas Tree bills
•Majority Leader
•President
•President Pro Tempore
•Unanimous Consent
•Senate Hold
•Confirmation
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The United States Senate
•Finance (revenue)
•Appropriations (expenditures)
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Incumbent Advantages
• Name recognition• Casework• Sponsor legislation• Redistricting• Franking privilege• Home visits• Pork barrel legislation• Earmarks• Logrolling• Credit/blame• Raising $$$• Sophomore surge
Reelection
H- 90%+
S- 65-85%
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Incumbent Vulnerability
• Inexperience
• Quality challenger ($)
• Marginal versus Safe seat
• Wrong doing
• Senators (@ large)
• Mid-term election
• Gerrymandering
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Decennial Census
• Congress– Reapportionment– Snow
belt/rustbelt– Sunbelt
• State Legislatures– Redistricting– Gerrymandering– Packing– Cracking– Compact– Contiguous– Malapportionment– Baker v. Carr– One man/one vote
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Racial Gerrymandering
• Majority-minority districts
• Descriptive representation
• Substantive representation
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How a Bill Becomes a Law•Hopper
•Standing Committees and Subcommittees
•Sequential referral
•Mark up session
•Pigeon holing
•Reporting Out
•Calendars
•H- Committee of the Whole
•H- Rules Committee
•Conference Committee
•Enrollment of Bill
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Committee Work
• Real work• Most bills die• Specialization/ expertise• Markup session• Hearings/testimony• Standing committee• Subcommittee• Joint committee• Conference committee• Select committee
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Calendars
•Calendar of General Business
•Executive
•House
•Union
•Private
•Discharge
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Types of Votes in Congress
•Voice (H/S)
•Standing (Division) (H)
•Teller (H)
•Roll Call (H/S)
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How Congressmen Vote
•Representational (Delegate)
•Attitudinal (Trustee)
•Organizational (Party Line)
* Delegates, Trustees, Politicos