A.P. WORLD A.P. WORLD HISTORY:HISTORY:

PERIODIZATIONPERIODIZATION

WHAT IS WHAT IS PERIODIZATION?PERIODIZATION?

Each period is defined by three conditionsEach period is defined by three conditions A geographical componentA geographical component

When civilization contracts, shrinks When civilization contracts, shrinks When civilization spreads from smaller to wider areaWhen civilization spreads from smaller to wider area

Increase, decrease in contacts across regionsIncrease, decrease in contacts across regions Emergence of parallel developments across Emergence of parallel developments across

globeglobe Dates not best way to define a periodDates not best way to define a period Period may occur Period may occur

At different time At different time In different regionsIn different regions

ANCIENT ANCIENT PERIODPERIOD

From 4,500 BCE to 1,000 BCEFrom 4,500 BCE to 1,000 BCE Begins with agricultureBegins with agriculture Begins with sedentarismBegins with sedentarism Generally small city-states, statesGenerally small city-states, states

Two Sub-periodsTwo Sub-periods NeolithicNeolithic Ancient River Valley CivilizationsAncient River Valley Civilizations

Ends with rise of large, regional empiresEnds with rise of large, regional empires

CLASSICAL PERIODCLASSICAL PERIOD 1,000 BCE to 500 CE1,000 BCE to 500 CE

Large, regional empiresLarge, regional empires Military aristocraciesMilitary aristocracies

Integrate regionsIntegrate regions Permanent traditionsPermanent traditions Regional CivilizationsRegional Civilizations

China, India, SW Asia (Cuneiform), MediterraneanChina, India, SW Asia (Cuneiform), Mediterranean Mesoamerica and Andean AmericaMesoamerica and Andean America Strong contacts between regional centersStrong contacts between regional centers

Many areas outside classical civilizationsMany areas outside classical civilizations Ends with massive nomadic invasionsEnds with massive nomadic invasions

POST-CLASSICAL POST-CLASSICAL AGEAGE

Begins 6Begins 6thth century CE to 1450 CE century CE to 1450 CE Began with rise of IslamBegan with rise of Islam

First trans-regional civilizationFirst trans-regional civilization Spans Eurasia and AfricaSpans Eurasia and Africa

Era of two great powers: Islam, ChinaEra of two great powers: Islam, China Spread of universalizing religions, Spread of universalizing religions,

philosophiesphilosophies Saw rise of new civilization centersSaw rise of new civilization centers Emergence of network of global contactsEmergence of network of global contacts Ended due to Mongols, Black DeathEnded due to Mongols, Black Death

EARLY MODERN ERAEARLY MODERN ERA Begins 1450Begins 1450 Rise of gunpowder empiresRise of gunpowder empires Rise of Western EuropeRise of Western Europe World ShrinksWorld Shrinks

All continents included in world networkAll continents included in world network Global trade develops for first timeGlobal trade develops for first time

Great exchangesGreat exchanges Goods, products, flora, fauna, people, germsGoods, products, flora, fauna, people, germs Ideas especially European, ChristianityIdeas especially European, Christianity

MODERN AGEMODERN AGE 1750 to 1914: “The West and the Rest”1750 to 1914: “The West and the Rest”

Era of massive technological changeEra of massive technological change Era of many revolutionsEra of many revolutions

TechnologicalTechnological PoliticalPolitical Social, IntellectualSocial, Intellectual

Vast trade networksVast trade networks Western Global HegemonyWestern Global Hegemony

Great Britain, France, Germany, RussiaGreat Britain, France, Germany, Russia USA, Japan are newest powersUSA, Japan are newest powers

Dominance of Western CultureDominance of Western Culture

CONTEMPORARY CONTEMPORARY ERAERA

1914 to Present “Change, Change, Change”1914 to Present “Change, Change, Change” The American Century, Retreat of EuropeThe American Century, Retreat of Europe

Rise of Pacific Rim, IndiaRise of Pacific Rim, India Collapse of European empiresCollapse of European empires

Modernization vs. westernizationModernization vs. westernization Modernization vs. traditionalismModernization vs. traditionalism Rise of new political formsRise of new political forms Mass culture Mass culture Technology, telecommunications dominate Technology, telecommunications dominate

ageage

A.P. WORLD A.P. WORLD HISTORY:HISTORY:

THEMESTHEMES

INTERACTIONSINTERACTIONS

FUNCTIONS & FUNCTIONS & STRUCTURESSTRUCTURESOF STATESOF STATES

IMPACT OF IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

URBANIZATION, MIGRATION, ECOCIDEURBANIZATION, MIGRATION, ECOCIDE

DEMOGRAPHY & DEMOGRAPHY & ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

INTELLECT, FAITH, ARTS, INTELLECT, FAITH, ARTS, CULTURECULTURE

GENDER, SOCIAL, WORKERSGENDER, SOCIAL, WORKERS

INEQUALITIES,INEQUALITIES, ELITESELITES

CHANGE & CHANGE & CONTINUITYCONTINUITY