AP World History: Modern Mr. LeVan & Mr. Kohrt

WHAP Modern: Period 1, Units 1 and 2 (2020 Modified Review DBQ for the week of April 13 – 17)

DUE: Friday, April 17th

• It is suggested that you spend no more than 10 minutes reading the documents and no less than 35 minutes

writing your response.

• You should spend no more than 5 minutes loading your response (requirement for the actual AP Exam).

• Be sure to use a TIMER – you have 45 minutes MAX.

Directions: Question 1 is based on the accompanying documents. The documents have been edited for the

purpose of this exercise.

In your response you should do the following.

• Respond to the prompt with a historically defensible thesis or claim that establishes a line of reasoning.

• Describe a broader historical context relevant to the prompt.

• Support an argument in response to the prompt using at least FOUR documents

• Use at least TWO additional pieces of specific historical evidence (beyond that found in the documents)

relevant to an argument about the prompt.

• For at least TWO documents, explain how or why the document’s point of view, purpose, historical

situation, and/or audience is relevant to an argument.

• Use evidence to corroborate, qualify, or modify an argument that addresses the prompt.

2020 Modified DBQ Essay Prompt 1. Using the documents and your knowledge of world history, evaluate the extent to which the Mongols facilitated technological and cultural transfers in their realm and beyond.

Document 1

Source: “Hulegu Khan on His Throne” painted by Rashid-al-Din Hamadan, c. early 14th century. He was a Persian scholar, doctor, and historian who served as vizier to the Khan of the Ilkhanate in the early 1300s.

Document 2

You must know that the city of Khan-balik (Beijing) is a centre from which many roads radiate to many provinces.... When one of the Great Khan’s messengers sets out along any of these roads, he has only to go twenty-five miles and there he finds a posting station, which in their language is called a yam.... And at each of these posts the messengers find three or four hundred horses in readiness awaiting their command, and palatial lodgings such as I have described. And this holds throughout all the provinces and kingdoms of the Great Khan’s empire. By this means the Great Khan’s messengers travel throughout his dominions... (M)ore than 200,000 horses are stabled at these posts for the special use of the messengers. Moreover, the posts themselves number more than 10,000, all furnished on the same lavish scale. The whole organization is so stupendous and so costly that it baffles speech and writing.... If it happens at any point that there is some river or lake over which the couriers and mounted messengers must pass, the neighboring cities keep three or four ferryboats continually in readiness for this purpose. ...When the need arises for the Great Khan to receive immediate tidings ... I assure you that the messengers ride 200 miles in a day, sometimes even 250. Let me explain how it is done.... They tighten their belts and swathe their heads and off they go with all the speed they can muster, till they reach the next post-house twenty-five miles away. As they draw near they sound a sort of horn which is audible at a great distance, so that horses can be got ready for them. On arrival they find two fresh horses, ready harnessed, fully rested, and in good running form. They mount there ... and off they go again.... And so it goes on till evening.

Source: Marco Polo, The Travels of Marco Polo, 1271 to 1295.

Document 3

Karakorum, Mongolia, May 30, 1254 The next day he (Mongke Khan*) sent his scribes to me, who said: “Our master sends us to you and he says: ‘Here you are, Christians, Saracens (Muslims), and tuins (Buddhists), and each of you declares that his law is the best and his literature, that is his books, are the truest.’ He therefore wishes you all to meet together and hold a conference and each one is to write down what he says so that he can know the truth.” “On the day following the exchange between the religious spokesmen Mongke Khan made this profession of faith to Rubruck: ”We Mongols believe that there is but one God, by Whom we live and by Whom we die and towards Him we have an upright heart. But just as God gave different fingers to the hand so has He given different ways to men.” * Mongke Khan was the fourth Great Khan, the grandson of Genghis, and the brother of Kublai who would succeed Mongke upon his death in 1259. Source: William of Rubruck, The Journey of William of Rubruck, translated by a nun of Stanbrook Abbey, edited by Christopher Dawson, London: Sheed and Ward, 1955.

Document 4

To further support trade and commerce, the Mongols established merchant associations, known as Ortogh, specifically to promote caravan trade over long distances. The Mongols recognized that the caravan trade across Eurasia was extraordinarily expensive for any single merchant. Often there would be as many as 70 to 100 men on each mission, and all had to be fed and paid and provided with supplies (including camels, horses, and so on) over a lengthy period of time. Quite a number of the caravans simply did not make it, either because of natural disasters of one sort or another or plundering by bandit groups. Travelers, for example, mentioned coming across numerous skeletons, animal and human, on these routes. Because of the expense involved in such a disaster, just one such failed caravan could devastate an individual merchant’s holdings. The Mongol solution to these concerns was the establishment of Ortogh – through which merchants could pool their resources to support a single caravan. If a caravan did not make it, no single merchant would be put out of business. The losses would be shared, as would any risks, and of course, profits when the caravans succeeded. The Mongols also provided loans to merchants at relatively low rates of interest, as long as they belonged to an Ortogh. Source: “Merchants Associations Alleviate the Perils of Caravan Trade”, Columbia University.

Document 5

Source: A map of the four Khanates of the Mongol Empire, after its division in 1259 CE by Arienne King, 2019.

2020 AP HISTORY MODIFIED DBQ RUBRIC (For the 2020 AP History Exams only)

A. Thesis (1 Point) 1. THESIS Presents a thesis that makes a historically defensible claim and responds

to all parts of the questions (does more than re-state). Est. a line of reasoning. * Must be located in Intro or Conclusion paragraph B. Contextualization (1 Point) 2. CONTEXTUALIZATION Situates the argument by explaining the broader historical

events, developments, or processes immediately relevant to the task that occur before, during, or continue after the time

frame of the question. * Must use several sentences at a minimum * This should be part of your intro paragraph C. Evidence - Use of Documents and Outside Information (5 Points)

Docs Used Sourcing:

(POV, Context, Audience, Purpose)

Doc 1 Doc 2 Doc 3 Doc 4 Doc 5

D. Reasoning and Complexity (3 Points)

5. SOURCING for AT LEAST 2 Docs EXPLAINS (how and why) the significance of the authors POV, context, audience, and/or purpose (CAP) for at least 2 documents (1pt per sourcing)

6. COMPLEXITY Demonstrate a complex understanding of the historical development that is the focus of the prompt, using evidence to corroborate, qualify, or modify an argument that addresses the question.

TOTAL POINTS (10 POSSIBLE)

AP World History: Modern, AP European History, and AP US History Mr. LeVan, SHS Social Studies

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3. USES the content of AT LEAST 4 Docs a. Describe at least 2 docs = 1 point b. Use docs to support your argument * Uses 2 or 3 docs = 1 point * Uses 4 or 5 docs = 2 points

4. Uses 2 pieces of Outside Information Provides TWO examples or additional pieces of specific evidence beyond those found in the documents to support or clarify the argument * One point per OI (do one per paragraph) * Must be more than a passing description/reference * Must be completely separate from the documents AND contextualization

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